FR2780155A1 - Reactive armor system protecting against projectile impact - Google Patents

Abstract

the system comprises an enclosure (2) within which is contained transverse explosive charges (18,19,20), and two reaction plates (3,5) that are separated by an explosive charge (4). Impact of a projectile causes outer plate movement (6) the rate of which is determined by a control unit (15). This causes detonation of the explosive charges dependent upon the projectile velocity. Low velocity rounds cause detonation of the transverse charges to cause their fragmentation.

Description

Device for protecting movable and fixed objectives against

destruction by projectiles.

  The present invention relates to a device for the protection

  tion of mobile and fixed objectives such as land vehicles, ships, fortifications and shelters, against destruction by projectiles, comprising one or more plates filled with explosive, the firing of the explosive lining being triggered by the impact of a hollow charge dart, with a view to producing a particularly oblique acceleration of the plate or plates in the

dart trajectory.

  Such a protection device is known inter alia by the

patent DE-20 08 156.

  Known devices of this type often do not give whole

  satisfaction in the sense that their protective function is defective

  euse against massive projectiles, because it proves problematic to ensure that the explosive lining of the plates is triggered by the impact of a massive projectile, and that a plate is accelerated obliquely in the trajectory of the projectile by its detonating explosive lining has, in the case of a massive projectile, on the contrary to what happens for the dart of a projectile with hollow charge, no notable action of reduction of the power of deep penetration.

  The object of the present invention is therefore to improve the arrangements

  protective devices of the type defined above so that they can, with high reliability, provide extremely effective protection

  as well against darts of hollow charges as against projectiles

massive tiles.

  According to the invention, the or each plate filled with explosive is preceded, on its side remote from the objective to be protected, by means for nicking and / or splitting a massive projectile arriving

on her.

  The protection device may include one or more cutting or cutting charges as a means of notching and / or fractionation. Cutting loads may be symmetrical in shape with respect to a plane, with a load coating or a lining

  of faltière or gutter load.

  According to a variant, the cutting loads have a symmetrical conformation with respect to a plane with two coatings

  or diametrical load linings in the form of wax or droplets-

re.

  According to another embodiment, the protective device

  tion has one or more cutting lines or segments of cor-

  cutting agents as means of tapping and / or splitting

is lying.

  Cutting loads or cutting lines can advantageously-

  ment be arranged in a marginal area of the plate or agen-

  cementation of plates filled with explosives, at different distances

  of this plate or arrangement of plates.

  It is possible to provide an arrangement in a single layer of

  cutting loads or cutting lines in a horizontal plane.

  The horizontal arrangement plan of the cutting loads or cutting lines is advantageously in the lower marginal zone

  of the plate or of the arrangement of plates filled with explosive.

  It is also possible to choose an arrangement with several

  layers of cutting charges or cutting lines.

  In this case, the layers of cutting charges or cords

  may be in horizontal and / or vertical planes

cals.

  Preferably, the cutting charge (s) or the cutting cord (s) are, in the direction of attack of the projectile behind at least one measurement sheet or the like used to determine the type of projectile, and an electronic system is provided for processing the signals of the measurement sheet (s) as well as to ignite the cutting charge (s) or the detonating cord (s) in

  detection of a massive projectile.

  The electronic system can advantageously serve at the same time to trigger, with a defined delay with respect to the ignition of the cutting charge (s) or of the cutting cord (s), the detonation of the explosive filling the plate or the arrangement of plates

  being on the trajectory of the massive projectile.

  The arrangements according to the invention are advantageous in that

  sense that they in no way reduce the excellent protective function

  tion of the plates filled with explosives against darts of hollow charges and that they also make it possible to exert a cutting effect on a massive projectile arriving in any direction so that this projectile undergoes fractionation already before reaching the armor plate itself or at least splits upon impact on this penetration or penetration into the latter, under the effect of impact forces and the effect

  notch caused for example by cutting charges.

  As cutting and splitting means for the intended destination, contour cutting loads can be used

  of charge with symmetry of revolution, in the same way as

  cutting ges with symmetry with respect to a plane, these charges being able to have both coatings of charges forming a dart and lining of charges forming a projectile. An interesting variant of an arrangement in a single layer of cutting charges, for example in the lower marginal zone of the plate or of the arrangement of plates filled with explosive, is constituted by a multilayer arrangement of cutting charges, because this allows significantly reduce

  different masses of cutting charges, without reduction in efficiency.

  This is of great importance, among other things, when it comes to keeping the explosive mass for the armor structure as low as possible. In the case where this characteristic is of great importance, it is possible, instead of using cutting charges such as, for example, charges with two coatings of charges or linings of diametric charges in the form of a falt or gutter shape, to use cutting lines having a corresponding power. It remains to distinguish between a dart

  of hollow charge and a massive projectile arriving on the objective.

  This distinction can be made in a relatively simple manner, inter alia using one or more trigger sheets for speed measurement, insofar as a hollow charge dart passing through such a sheet has a speed of from 7000 to 8000 m / sec, while the passage of a massive projectile through the measurement sheet only involves projectile speeds of 1500 to 2000 m / sec. When, with the aid of the measurement sheet or measurement sheets, the presence of a

  massive projectile and, as a result of this finding, a system

  me electronic processing signals o measurement sheets caused, following a drawing taking into account the position in space of the projectile, the triggering of the detonation of certain

  cutting charges or certain cutting cords or whole layers

  res of cutting charges or cutting cords, the protective effect

  special action against the massive incident projectile can in case of

  need to be further strengthened. Just use the electro-

  at the same time for a timed triggering of the detonation of the explosive by which the plate or the arrangement of plates being on the trajectory of the passive projectile in question is

  trimmed as a provision for protection against tank darts

hollow ages.

  Several embodiments of the invention will be described below in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a detail of a protection device according to the invention;

  FIG. 2 represents a variant of a protective device

tion according to the invention.

  In FIG. 1, the reference 1 designates the surface to be protected from any objective. On this surface lie components

  in the form of boxes, referenced 2. On the rear side of these components

  sants is a composite structure of inert material plates 3, 5 and an explosive lining 4 intermediate. The primary purpose of this explosive lining 4 is to be detonated by the dart of a hollow charge projectile arriving for example in the direction of arrow 6 and thus ensuring rapid movement of the plates 3, 5 in the direction of the arrows 7, 8, so that the hollow charge dart loses its energy thanks to its impact on the inert material of the plates.

  only in continuously different locations.

  In the area on the front side of the box, designated by 9, a trigger sheet 10 extends over the entire section of the box. This sheet measures whether the projectile penetrating through it is a hollow charge projectile or a massive projectile. This distinction does not pose any problem taking into account the dart velocities of the order of 7000 to 8000 m / s and the speeds of massive projectile of the order of

1900 to 2000 m / sec.

  In the bottom 11 of the box 2, cutting charges are available

  located at different distances from the layout

  ques 3, 4, 5. These are for example four cutting loads 12a to

  12d symmetrical with respect to a plane, with a corresponding length

  dant to the width of the box and with dart forming coatings 14a, 14b or projectile lining 14c, 14d

  oriented towards the top 13 of the box. For coatings and upholstery

  wise, we can consider, among other things, ridge configurations

  14a, 14c or gutter configurations 14b, 14d.

  If the measurement sheet 10 detects the presence of a

  shaped charge, the cutting charges 12a to 12d are not triggered

  chées. On the other hand, if the measurement sheet detects a massive projectile, an electronic system 15 triggers, by an ignition line 16, the detonation of the cutting charges 12a to 12d, which results in the notching or the splitting of the massive projectile in four places, depending on the number of darts or projectiles of cutting charges produced. The electronic system 15 can at the same time be used to ignite the explosive lining 4 with a time delay relative to the triggering of the detonation

  cutting loads 12a and 12d, which is symbolized by an extension-

  ment 17 in dashes of the ignition line.

  In place of or in addition to the arrangement of the cutting charges

  your near the bottom, it is possible to consider charges

  cutting in the area of the top 13 of the box, as well as the provision

  sition of cutting loads in the zones of the lateral walls of the box 2. As shown in FIG. 2, it is possible, to obtain this result, in addition to having cutting loads 18a to 18d with unilateral action, in a position close to the bottom along Figure 1,

  also to use cutting loads 19a to 19d with bilateral action

  rale, for example in the middle position, and / or cutting lines

  a to o20d of corresponding power arranged for example in the vicinity

  swims from above the box. Compared to FIG. 1, from which the same references have been used for the same parts, this arrangement makes it possible to reduce the mass of the cutting charges. This may be of interest in cases where importance is attached to explosive charges as low as possible on armor structures

of the so-called active type.

  It should also be noted that in this exemplary embodiment, it is as a function of the response range of the measurement sheets 10

  that the electronic system 15 determines the layer of cutting charges

  your or sharp lines that it is to detonate. The ignition lines leading for this purpose from the electronic system 15 to the cutting charges 18a to 18d, the cutting charges 19a to 19d and the cutting lines 20a to 20d are referenced respectively 21, 22 and 23. These ignition lines can be same time serve to trigger

  with delay the detonation of the explosive lining 4 between the plates

  shielding ques 3, 5, which is indicated by line sections

24, 25 and 26 in dashes.

Claims (12)

  1. Device for the protection of mobile and fixed objectives such as land vehicles, ships, fortifications and shelters, against destruction by projectiles, comprising one or more plates lined with explosives, the firing of the lining d explosive which can be triggered by the impact of a hollow charge dart in order to accelerate the plate (s), in particular obliquely, in the trajectory of the dart, characterized in that the or each plate (3, 5) filled with explosive is preceded, on its side remote from the objective (1) to be protected, by means (12a to 12d; 18a to 18d, 19a to 19d; 20a to 20d) to cut and / or split a   massive projectile arriving at the objective.   2. Protection device according to claim 1, character-   laughed at by the fact that it includes one or more cutting charges (12a to 12d; 18a to 18d; 19a to 19d) as means of tapping and / or fractionation.   3. Protective device according to claim 2, character-   laughed at by the fact that the cutting charges are charges (12a to 12d; 18a to 18d) of symmetrical configuration with respect to a plane, with a charge coating 14a, 14b) or a load lining   (14c, 14d) ridge shape or in gutter.   4. Protection device according to claim 2, character-   laughed at by the fact that the cutting charges are charges (19a to 19d) of symmetrical configuration with respect to a plane, with two coatings or linings of diametrical charges of falt form or in gutter.   5. Protective device according to claim 1, character-   laughed at by the fact that it comprises one or more cutting lines (20a to 20d) or segments of cutting lines as means   tapping and / or splitting.   6. Protection device according to any one of the claims.   cations 2 to 5, characterized in that the cutting charges (12a to 12d ,; 18a to 18d) or the cutting lines (20a to 20d) are arranged in a marginal zone (11 or 13) and at different distances from   the plate or arrangement of plates filled with explosive (3, 4, 5).   7. Protection device according to any one of the claims.   cations 2 to 6, characterized in that the cutting charges (12a to 12d) or cutting lines are arranged in a layer in a horizontal plane.   8. Protection device according to claims 6 and 7,   characterized in that the horizontal plane in which the cutting loads (12a to 12d) or cutting lines are located are located in the lower marginal zone of the plate or arrangement   of explosive-lined plates (3, 4, 5).   9. Protection device according to any one of the claims.   cations 2 to 5, characterized in that the cutting charges (18a to 18d; 19a to 19d) or cutting lines (20a to 20d) are arranged in several layers.   10. Protective device according to claim 9, charac-   terrified by the fact that the layers of cutting charges (28a to 18d; l9a to 19d) or of cutting lines (20a to 20d) are in horizontal and / or vertical planes.   11. Protection device according to any one of the res-   dication s 2 to 10, characterized in that the cutting charge (s) (12a to 12d; 18a to 18d; 19a to 19d) or the cutting cord (s) (20 to 20d) are in the direction of attack of the projectile (6) behind at least one measurement sheet (10) or the like serving to detect the type of projectile attacking the objective and that an electronic system (15) is provided for processing the signals of the measurement sheet and for switching on the or cutting loads or the   sharp lines when a massive projectile is reported.   12. Protection device according to any one of the res-   dications 1 to 11, characterized in that the electronic system (15) serves at the same time to trigger, with a defined delay in relation to the ignition of the cutting charge (s) or of the cutting cord (s), the detonation of the explosive (4) which lines the plate or arrangement of plates (3, 5) lying on the path   of the massive projectile attacking the objective.