FR2764170A1 - High energy animal feed for livestock, e.g. cattle - Google Patents

Abstract

Feed for livestock such as cattle, sheep and goats comprising the leaves and de-oiled seedcake of {ICynara CardunculusI} in relative proportions preselected to give the best results, in the form of powder or granules of each of the components or a mixture of these.

Description

 ENERGY FEED FOR LIVESTOCK.

 The systematic study of the cardoon plant species (carduus) had made it possible to reveal the curative effects of the oil extracted from the seeds of the Cynara Cardunculus, recently cultivated, in the skin and hair areas which were the subject of the patent. Ne 2,716,371.

 Continued study of the different elements of this plant, in particular its leaf elements and the components contained in its seeds after extraction of the oil already studied, has shown their ability to constitute an energetic food for livestock, which increases both quantitative and qualitative production performance.

 This result appears due to the presence of a specific molecule: Cynarin and its derivatives in the proportion of 0.540% in the fresh plant, which acts as choleretic and ensures the detoxification of the liver as well as Cynaropicrin, which has anti- tumor.

Their combined actions, acting in synergy, influence the cardiovascular, digestive, hepatic, endocrine systems, as well as renal function, making the elements of Cynara Cardunculus a particularly assimilable food. The enzymatic digestibility of the leaf
Cynara is indeed 90%.

 This action is supplemented by the addition in certain proportions of the protein meal from deoiled seeds, the active components of which are the three isomers: silydianin, silycristine and silybin, which have a protective and regenerative action on the liver against the harmful effects of methanol in particular and stimulates ART dependent DNA polymerase, protein synthesis and regeneration of the liver parenchyma.

 The synergistic effect of all of these components has led to experiment feeding cattle using a mixture of leaves and oil cake of deoiled seeds in the proportion, generally, of 50 to 80% of leaves for 50 to 20% of meal, these proportions used in these experiments can be modified according to the results sought in the subjects treated.

 The process for preparing such a food includes ensiling the leaves, followed by drying or dehydration, to form powders which can be consumed as they are or compressed in the form of granules easily consumable by animals.

 At the same time the seeds are cold treated on a continuous press, and the cake thus obtained after extraction of the oil (used elsewhere) comes in platelets which are ground to also form powders which can be compressed into granules.

 The synergistic effect of the components of Cynara Cardunculus thus treated has enabled them to be administered to livestock in the form of feed containing all of its constituents as obtained from the above manufacturing process.

 The experiment was made and followed with different animal breeds in places distant from each other to avoid the effect of climatic constants.

This is how bovine experimentation was continued in
SWITZERLAND and in Brittany on 40 cows to study the effects on lactation, which were felt from the second week of feeding with a compound at 60 - 40 (leaf-meal).

 A gain in protein of 10 to 15% on average has been observed in lactation, the maximum being 15%.

 The study of the effects on meat in cattle was carried out in the Gers in FRANCE on 200 bull calves. The growth was accelerated with a gain of 15 days on the untreated control batch. And on 100% of the animals it was found a reduction of 20% in the amount of fat on the carcasses compared to the untreated batch, which induces an equivalent increase (20%) in the mass of red meat produced, the proportions used having been 50 - 50 (oil cake).

 Sheep experiments carried out on a herd in Corsica for lactation, and in Gard and Ardèche in FRANCE for meat, revealed the same percentages of performance increase as in cattle, both in terms of milk and meat, which shows a remarkable constant in the results in ruminants, the proportions used having been 60 - 40 (brown crab leaves) for milk and 50 - 50 (brown crab leaves).

 The caDrine experiment, carried out in Charentes in FRANCE, made it possible to observe that the duration of lactation was increased by one month compared to untreated goats, with an increase of 15% in the quantity of milk and a content of 12% higher protein in 100% of treated animals. The experimental animals also had a 22% higher weight at the end of lactation, in contrast to the weight loss that this function generally entails, and a regular lactation curve was observed in the treated animals, in contrast to that observed in the animals. not tratitated. The proportions used in this case were similar to those experienced on cows.

Horses being less frequently intended for human consumption, the experiment was carried out for them at the Hippodrome de
Chantilly in FRANCE on race and saddle horses, research having focused on dynamic performance. Although these results are difficult to quantify, it has been clearly observed improved performance and reduced recovery time. Their coat also became brighter, a sign of physical fitness and excellent liver function, the proportions used having been 50 - 50 (leaves - cake).

 An experiment was also carried out on qallinaceae, and in particular on laying hens in an industrial chicken coop in the province of Aragon in SPAIN. There was a marked stimulation of ovulation, the quantity of eggs laid having increased by 8 to 12% on average. Their energy seemed improved and even the shell was found to be more solid, which resulted in a 20% decrease in breakage. An increase in weight was even noted in the experimented subjects (hens as well as chickens). The proportions used were 40 - 60 (leaves - cake) in the form of small diameter granules.

 Finally, the experiment was continued with domesticated LaDins on batches of 10 rabbits, 10 others being kept as controls, at a breeder in Vendée in FRANCE.

 25% less fat was noted on the treated batch compared to the untreated batch. This shows an increase of 25 x red meat for the same total weight of the animals. The proportions used were: 70 - 30 (leaves - cake).

 There was also noted a more beautiful coat, a smaller fole, firmer and very healthy, and a total absence of mortality, which previously varied between 10 and 20%.

 All of these beneficial results, manifestly due to the Cynara-based diet provided to treated cattle, in the absence of any other product, appear due to the presence of Cynarine and its derivatives as well as Cynaropicrin, which is an ester of hydroxylmetilocrylic acid associated with a sesquiterpene lactone from the group of gualanolides, contained in the leaves, entering into synergy with silybin, silydianin and silycristine, contained in the seed cake acting together as anti-hepatoxics, regulators hepatic and endocrine, hepatoprotective, increasing protein synthesis, ensuring the detoxification of the organism, stimulating protein synthesis and ensuring the detoxification and regeneration of the liver cell, antitumor.

 It should be noted that the proteins contained both in the leaf and in the meal (18 to 20% on average); the amino acids in which the two compounds are full, as well as the essential fatty acids (EFAs), of which the meal keeps 5% on average, help to potentiate the action described above.

 These qualities justify the use of Cynara Cardunculus as the main feed or additive for livestock of all breeds, in addition to those which have already been the subject of experiments, as a substitute or in addition to fodder or usual feed, in the form of leaf granules dehydrated combined or not (and in variable proportions depending on the objective to be reached) with granulated seed cake crushed, pressed and deoiled, the granules of each of the components or of their mixture having different diameters depending on their destination .

 The various results obtained have shown that the reciprocal proportions of leaves and oil cake administered to any animal species could vary for each of these components, from 10 X to 90% to exert its effect as a function of that of the results particularly sought after, taking account of that the feeding in leaves activates functions such as lactation or ovulation, and the meal supply stimulates protein synthesis increasing meat production, strengthening the muscles of the beast.

Claims (8)

 1 ') Livestock food, characterized in that it comprises leaves of Cynara Cardunculus associated with an oiled cake of seeds of this same plant species, in proportions determined according to the desired result, in the form of powder or granules of each of these components or their mixture.  2) livestock feed according to claim t characterized in that it can be administered to cows, sheep and lactating goats, in the form of dehydrated leaves and seed cake, in the proportion of 60 - 40, for an increase in the lactation in quality and quality.  3 ')) Livestock food according to claim 1 characterized in that it can be administered to cattle and sheep, for the production of meat, in the form of the association of dehydrated leaves and oil-cake meal from the seeds in the proportion of 50 - 50 (oil cake), for an increase in the weight of the meat and a reduction in proportion to the weight of the fat.  4 ')) Livestock feed according to claim 1 characterized in that it can be administered to race horses or saddle in the form of the association of dehydrated leaves and oil-free cake of seeds in the proportion of 50 - 50 ( leaves - cake), for an increase in dynamic and recovery capacities.  5 ')) livestock feed according to claim 1 characterized in that it can be administered to gallinaceae such as laying hens in the form of dehydrated leaves and seed cake, in the proportion of 40 - 60 (leaves - cake) for an increase in ovulation and energy, as well as an increase in weight in the treated subjects (hens or chickens).  6 ')) livestock feed according to claim 1 characterized in that it can be administered to domestic rabbits in the form of the association of dehydrated leaves and seed cake in the proportion of 70 - 30 (leaves - cake), for an increase in the weight of the meat and a reduction in proportion to the fat, at the same time as a better quality of the fur.  7 ')) Livestock feed according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportions according to which each of the components (leaves and meal) can be administered to any animal species can vary for each of them by 90% at 10% to exert its effect as a function of that of the results particularly sought after, taking into account that the feeding in leaves activates functions such as lactation and ovulation, and the supply of meal stimulates protein synthesis increasing the meat production, and strengthening the muscles of the beast.  8) A method of manufacturing livestock feed according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foliar elements of Cynara Cardunculus ensiled and dehydrated or dried are presented in the form of powder or granules; the seeds are furthermore crushed cold on a continuous press and, after extraction of the oil, the cake cake obtained is reduced to a powder to be consumed as it is or compressed in the form of granules; each of the components or their mixture (carried out in different proportions depending on the objective to be achieved) in the form of granules of different diameters depending on their destination and the type of animals to be fed.