FR2752772A1 - METHOD FOR PROVIDING A SUBSTRATE FOR MECHANICAL AND MANUAL PRINTING AND REPROGRAPHY, THE PROPERTY OF SELECTIVELY AND SIMULTANEOUSLY ERASABLE, INDELEBILE CLEANABLE, WASHABLE AND MODIFIABLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to produce a type of print which can be erased, selectively washed or cleaned, plasticized without handling via means of telecommunication, existing networks, and improving its physical or computer preservation. The print is produced on a substrate provided with a hydrophile coating, this substrate being made of a natural cellulose material or of a synthetic material, said substrate being impermeable, smooth or microporous in several degrees. It is a substrate on which it is possible to print, write, draw or reproduce and subsequently erase, correct, clean, totally or partially, dry, with water or chemical solvents or with hydrocarbons, relatively or absolutely and selectively. One or two printing levels can be used. The substrates having a hydrophile coating will, after printing, be coated with an impermeable transparent plastic film. These methods can be implemented and operated on communication networks already in existence or to be created.

Description

METHOD FOR PROVIDING A SUBSTRATE
FOR MECHANICAL AND MANUAL PRINTING
AND TO REPROGRAPHY, THE PROPERTY TO BE
SELECTIVELY AND SIMULTANEOUSLY ERASABLE,
INDELIBLE, CLEANABLE, WASHABLE AND MODIFIABLE.

 The subject of the present invention is a method for imparting to a substrate intended for mechanical and manual printing and for reprography; the property of being selectively and simultaneously erasable, indelible, cleanable, washable and modifiable.

 Until now, the problem of erasing or selective cleaning of a substrate intended for writing, drawing or printing had not been resolved. Thus, several erasures on the same substrate necessarily led to a deterioration, at least superficial, of said substrate. In addition, in most cases, the erasure was incorrect.

 The present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a new process for giving a substrate intended for mechanical and manual printing and reprography, the property of being selectively and simultaneously erasable, indelible, cleanable, washable and modifiable. This substrate can be used in dry or wet, indoor or outdoor. All of these properties are only concerned with the exclusive use of the recommended floor solution as well as with these variants and this for a variable number of times, but as a rule very numerous, nevertheless respecting the instructions for use thus recommended than normal use.

 The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a substrate intended for writing, drawing and printing, this substrate being originally in a natural or synthetic material, for example a paper or a material plastic, characterized in that the substrate is given a non-uniform surface, for example a porosity with micro-holes, through or non-through, the surface structure thus obtained on said substrate allowing an impression to be applied thereto, a drawing or writing, erasable or indelible.

The invention is also remarkable for the following points:
The non-uniform surface structure imparted to the substrate will be achieved by embossing or stamping, micro-perforations, abrasion (sanding), weaving, molding, micro-impacts (cellular), surface coating and all other processes. The coating being more or less embedded in the surface structure whether or not it is associated with a varnish, a colloidal solution, a resin, etc.

The porosity of the substrate:
These will be measured on a scale ranging from 0 to 8, according to the standards in force in this field (IS or outside the system). This porosity does not intervene in the character of indebility thereof.

These degrees up to 8 will allow mechanical and manual printing and simultaneously or not, their erasure, their cleaning as well as their selective washing (or leaching). These 8 degrees correspond to all the graphic uses (tools and printing materials) generally encountered. This porosity allowing the ink to be confined therein while remaining erasable in almost all cases or indelible, in particular if a hydrophilic layer has been applied to the substrate. We can therefore add to these 8 degrees of porosity a treatment consisting in the application of a hydrophilic layer, allowing in the areas where it is applied to make them indelible and only washable and cleanable. The film thus obtained may or may not be insoluble in water and in all cases not alterable to the solvent concerned.

 From degree 0, comparable to a smooth surface, you can write with a ballpoint pen and with specific graphic tools (instant drying). When rapid drying is not essential, all other means of marking may be considered (felt-tip pens, markers, aerosols, stencils, etc.).

 Then gradually up to 8, maximum degree of porosity and resistance of the ink reached (dry erasable).

 This support can also be used in printing machines, printers, plotters, fax machines and photocopiers or typewriters (unitary or combined devices). Can be transparent or tinted in the mass (preferably), indelibly printed or not with or without ink (but may nevertheless have a different printing color if a lower layer of different color is revealed), intaglio, in relief or flat. It can be presented in all aspects: margined, millimeter, squared or lined, etc.

 Mechanical or manual printing can be carried out on the substrate on one or two sides as well as on one side which may have been printed upside down. These prints can be done on one or two levels including laminating. A protective coating can also be applied to these prints; these being carried out by all the techniques of printing and office automation as well as by the artisanal and artistic processes.

Other parameters apart from the inking, will determine the best porosity:
- the area (small, medium or large);
- total or partial erasure;
- or only cleaning;
- indoor or outdoor use;
- dry erase or by chemical or aqueous solution;
- the foreseeable duration of the data (ephemeral, provisional, evolving, durable or definitive).

 - other factors will play a role in this choice, for example the type of printing material (office automation or printing) the inking (cold or hot) (liquid or powder "toner" or other) as well as the duration of heating (time exposure) (photocopiers and laser printers), more or less rapid, by scrolling (printing); and finally, static, variable duration.

- use, for example, in the form of sheets, labels, books, notebooks, cards, conference materials, etc .;
Certain surfaces combining all the properties mentioned above. In other words, these different parameters will determine the best possible choice for porosity. The higher this porosity due to its (depth, density and shape), the better the inking and the more difficult the erasing will be, but almost always possible (except in the case of a hydrophilic layer).

 The plastics will be polymers or copolymers among which we will preferably retain polyethylene of all densities (but especially HD), polypropylene, polyester, polyester PETP, as well as reinforced plastics and composites and PVC for certain applications. , etc.

 In general, we will choose plastics whose molecular composition will block the diffusion of ink in the material (those affected by erasure), as well as those which are not alterable by the solvent solution or another solution and corresponding to the specific characteristics of the use.

Among these are the plastics obtained by all existing processes and in particular those being by extrusion, coextrusion, calendering, laminating, we can also use them in the form of complexes, (bi or multilayer). For substrates with more than one layer, not all of them will be tinted. Examples of extruded plastics include polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. For coextruded, polyester plus polyethylene (on one or two sides), polyester and polypropylene, same for complexes and laminates. The printing surface can also be polyester or even an embossed or unpolyethylene, hot or not. These substrates receiving a surface treatment on one or two faces, these being able to be identical or different.

Concerning plastics, having more than one layer, their number may be variable. Each of them is not necessarily plastic. Only the two faces being it (except surface coatings).

 The thickness of plastics ranging from very fine to rigid while retaining their properties, with front and back identical or different as to their (color, composition, shape) with an adhesive part, repositionable or permanent, as well as '' assemblies with perforations and precut or not. They can be foldable, rollable, perforable and split. If they are folded and perforated, the perforations may be offset.

 The substrate can be erased or cleaned using a chemical solution comprising at least one or more solvents. We can also consider a mechanical erasing machine (roller or other) automatic or semi-automatic of reduced size (office) or larger for professional use.

Surface treatment processes
The present invention makes it possible to erase or clean all or part of a surface written or drawn on a plastic or cellulosic support, whether it be thermoplastics or thermosets, either in films, sheets or plates.

 The substrates will have an increasingly high porosity (or permeable) scale and a suitable coating allowing writing with the majority of graphic tools as well as mechanical use (printer type) with almost instantaneous erasing and rewriting (in depending on the porosity and the tool).

 The invention also relates to the substrates prepared by the process or any one of these embodiments, specified above and developed in more detail below.

 The degree of porosity chosen will be obtained by one or more processes and their possible combinations, for example: embossing or stamping, micro-perforations, abrasion, weaving, molding and finally surface coating and the combinations of these different processes with each other or any other process giving porosity for this purpose. We can also siliconize certain surfaces.

 In the case where the non-uniform surface structure is produced by abrasion (sanding), use will be made of a means in which the abrasive material will be fixed to a support, for example a cylinder of calendering machine which will be replaced or supplemented by another. movement if necessary. The calendering cylinder may also be composed of several elements or of a single one but with zones which may have different reliefs, which will make it possible, among other things, to give the desired degrees of porosity, and this abrasion but also embossing and mid-perforations.

 The porosity will be obtained hot or cold depending on several parameters (the material can be etched symmetrically or not), the density (ranging from micro to macro), the hollow and the relief, the penetration angle, the chosen material as well as its thickness. The porosity may be made of points or lines, lines or curves, lines or segments and any other geometric combination, whether it is each of the elements or its whole; giving it the desired porosity. By these means, representative shapes can also be produced, such as drawings, patterns or the like. Depending on the material, you can print a design (without ink), the outline of which will be obtained by embossing a hard imprint on the outside and a flexible, high-density imprint on the inside. We can also leave the inside of the shape (drawing or other) without embossing, that is to say smooth, or even not accentuate the outline. Some surfaces will give the impression of a coating when in reality only embossing will produce this effect (visible on transparent or translucent plastic).

This process is reversible to heat. We can also use photomechanical, engraving and photogravure processes and all processes relating to printing in general.

If it is extruded or coextruded plastics, and whether they are thermoplastic or thermosetting, the process will be indifferently applied hot or cold. If the two faces are concerned or if they are of different natures, an identical or different process could be envisaged. We will then use several cylinders operating in offset or not. One of the two cylinders can be smooth, while giving relief, flat or hollow to the substrate on one or the other side or even on both. We can implement for example a hot calendering of imprint (s) of a flexible material on the polyethylene side and hard on the polyester side and this simultaneously or not and vice versa. We can make areas on the same surface with all degrees of porosity from 0 to 8. On the calendering cylinder or (press) we can adapt a flexible material such as felt, an artificial or synthetic woven (example wool or cotton , polyester or polyamide), another plastic, velvet, canvas, etc. If a second calendering cylinder (or press) is used, it is possible to adapt a hard material such as a sandblasted cylinder, a hard plastic or a bakelite, a granular metal, or any other mineral or organic material. We can also use an identical imprint on the two calendering cylinders. By playing on the parameters of thickness, pressure, heating or not, density, shape, etc., the desired porosity or roughness will be obtained.

The unnatural porosity will be obtained by different methods. Abrasion will be obtained by physical and / or chemical sanding of the structure. The micro-perforations will be made by press or calendering. Micro-impacts (alveolar) will be by the collision of electronic particles on the substrate (electron or ion bombardment). Embossing or stamping by calendering or by hot or cold press. It will also be possible to use sandblasting, the jet of compressed air, a liquid under pressure, as well as the thermal, gelation, magnetic, flame, plasma and ozone generator processes. The surface coating being by casting or by sprinkling, by baths, by soaking, by hot spraying (including by sublimation) or cold, by spray gun, electrostatic, double tank (with catalyst or accelerator or hardener) and vacuum and electrophoresis. As a general rule, physical and / or chemical or mechanical and / or electrical and / or electronic, thermal and electromagnetic radiation and other processes and their combinations may be used. Another method consisting of a combination of these. For example, light sanding or embossing of a smooth substrate with or without coating, abrasion of a molded surface or vice versa will be carried out using micro-perforations and smoothing, or else a double embossing with hot and / or cold or double hot embossing of two materials, one flexible, the other hard on the same surface. All of these methods make it possible to reduce the surface gloss and make it more receptive to inking and sizing. Other multiple combinations are also possible, whether hot or cold. All of these techniques and methods intended to make the substrates thus obtained receptive to inking or sizing and will be intended for both manual and mechanical printing, whether for city printing and / or of work (offset, serigraphy, pad printing, typography, heliography etc), or in office or domestic printing. We can also heat stabilize the substrates, fireproof them or make them self-extinguishing as well as antistatic, non-slip or accelerated slippery and have the paper appearance. They will be able to receive an adhesion and adhesion treatment (toner) as well as an anti-radiation (UV) treatment, by any existing technique in this field. A promising technology that can relate to some of the processes described, will be the "SIAM" technology (Scanning Interferometic Aperturless
Microscope). Most of these techniques having as their object a surface treatment with or without addition of material allowing the impregnation of the ink on the substrate or its coating and will be best adapted according to the nature of the substrate and its use, and this, in the form of films, sheets or plates.

 Certain porosity processes of the substrate can be carried out, at any time, from upstream to downstream, including from extrusion to the user.

 All of these processes give the material the desired micro-porosity, which can range from invisible to visible, or perceptible or not to the touch. They could be an alternative to the Corona and plasma effect processes.

 When it comes to printing, the ink will remain confined in its micro-cavity (porosity thus obtained on the molecular scale) without diffusion in the material during erasure.

 The surface structure being produced by coating on the substrate a micronized pulverulent material, in the form of 1) a hydrophilic layer, 2) printing varnish (also hydrophilic), 3) a layer of varnish or varnish latex (permeable), 4) of a lacquer or of a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin permeable or not, depending on whether the surfaces are printing or covering them. All of these materials can be sprayed hot or not, possibly with simultaneous calendering or using a press.

 All of these coatings are all permeable, some being more hydrophilic.

 The choice of resins depends on the criteria of use.

 We will use natural resins (copals), semi-artificial (rosin) and resins derived from cellulose and natural rubber, but above all the synthetics obtained by polymerization or polycondensation.

 Thermoplastics, thermosets (for enamel varnish) and cellulosic lacquers (esters and ethers) vinyl resins (polyvinyl esters and acetals), acrylics and their esters, phenolics, formophenolics, oil-soluble and self-laminated, aminoplasts, melanin, alkydes and abieto maleic, unsaturated polyesters, polyurethanes, silicones, epoxides, epoxy-phenolics, epoxy aminoplasts, esters of epoxy resins and fatty acids, modified epoxides, etc.

 The resins which can be used in solution or in latex emulsion will also be retained.

Copolymers of methyl methacrylate and vinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate latex, copolymers of styrene and butadiene, vinyl monomeric compounds, etc. The latex varnishes will be obtained either as an aqueous emulsion stabilized by an anionic agent (soap, caseinate, alginate or alkaline polyacrylate) diluted with permuted or deionized water free of cations
Ca ++ and Mg ++, either in a mixture of organic solvents added with plasticizers or alcohol and polyvinyl acetals,
Depending on the type, all the components usually used in the composition of varnishes will be considered, in particular, the addition of special agents, protective colloids (caseinates, alginates, alkaline polyacrylates, methylcellulose and carboxylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, etc.). surfactants or surfactants, solvents and diluents, plasticizers and fillers. This list is not exhaustive.

 The components will advantageously be chosen according to the flexibility or the stiffness of the film, the size of the support, its use outside or inside and possibly its printing in machine or not as well as the marking in function. of the tool (the range of these graphic tools going from the ballpoint pen to the stencil and the ink pen to the spray paint).

Methods for achieving hydrophilic coating
By coating on one or two faces any plastic substrate on which a natural silicate will be applied, preferably by calendering, or even by smoothing or molding. This will advantageously be chosen according to its reflection rate and its refractive index. Mention may in particular be made of titanium oxide, kaolin, talc, calcium sulphate and carbonate, satin white, etc. (or even a magnetic coating). Preferably, hydrated natural silicates or any other material which can be used for this purpose and according to the appropriate particle size characteristics. These finely ground mineral particles will be mixed with casein, starch, synthetic latex, alginate, etc. to form a paste. This type of coating is in principle unalterable to most chemical agents. This coating is applied to the entire substrate, in particular according to the techniques and methods of paper processing. This is carried out upstream of the manufacturing procedure in general.

 Another possibility consists in applying to the substrate an equally hydrophilic printing varnish. This type of coating can be over all or part of the surface. This can be applied by printing techniques downstream of manufacturing (as a general rule). This coating can be damaged by chemical agents and / or water.

 These two types of coating can receive an additional permeable layer of varnish, the resins of which are chosen so as to be preferably chemically inert and in any case compatible with the chemical agents offered. This varnish will be applied by all existing processes including spraying and sublimation accompanied by a possible calendering. This varnish can then be passed in the oven or subjected to electromagnetic radiation. This type of coating must be applied to a microporous surface or better having an appropriate particle size allowing, by pressure application, to microperforate it and to make each micro-element permeable.

 And finally, we will use a varnish or latex varnish allowing in this form to reprocess the surface during each use. This layer must have the properties of being: coalescing, solvent, film-forming, permeable or not and incidentally allow manual and / or mechanical printing, in particular ball, liquid, felt inks, etc. This layer can be applied at any time and on all substrates. All these coatings including the substrate which can be treated by the porosity treatments described, whatever their usefulness and on any layer.

 In summary, we can retain the following cases, depending on the desired result and the mode of use.

1) The substrate is untreated (except possibly
Corona).

 2) The substrate receives a surface treatment in order to make it microporous.

 3) The substrate receives a surface coating in order to make it hydrophilic (monolayer) either by printing varnish or hydrophilic coating.

 4) The substrate receives a double coating making it permeable and hydrophilic.

 5) The substrate receives a mixed treatment to make it permeable and not hydrophilic (porosity plus retreating coating).

 Finally, and anecdotally, microperforations can be performed on a laminated or plasticized substrate with more or less satisfactory results.

 Possible exception concerning the double coating, it can be monolayer considering that the incorporated plasticizer could be assimilated to a second layer. In this precise case the results obtained being more or less convincing. Last remark, the porosity obtained, in particular by hot embossing could in certain cases be an alternative to the hydrophilic coating in particular in the case of an undercoat.

 two types of solvent and a retreating varnish will be provided to accompany these different treatments. A strong solvent, a moderate (selective) and a retreating varnish (with moderate solvent power and including without solvent) according to the principle that a varnish retreats a varnish (fundamental principle).

 We can use a varnish whose formula will be composed of the IBMA copolymer about 25 to 30% (percentage can vary depending on the case) to which we will add a cocktail of solvents including white spirit, ethyl acetate, essences C and F and a plasticizer as well as polyaminoamide salts. This type of varnish can be used indoors and outdoors. We can also use a latex varnish in aqueous emulsion for indoor use. These varnishes, qualified as graphic plasticizers, could possibly be replaced by dry substances such as paraffin or stearin.

Effects produced by the different types of treatments
1) The substrate will be completely or selectively erasable depending on the inks and the solvent used.

 2) Same, except and depending on the degree of porosity, dry erasable or difficult.

 3) The substrate will not be erasable or very difficult.

 4) The substrate will be erasable for surface inking and erasable if there is impregnation of the hydrophilic layer.

 5) The substrate will be erasable and the surface reprocessed.

 These different treatments allow mechanical and / or manual printing and the use of all graphic tools.

Other effects produced
We can bring out the impression in order to enhance it. We can also change the color of the print voluntarily and whose application could be the search for a certain originality or for security reasons (falsification).

Hydrophilic coating and applications
Consequently, if the substrate has received a hydrophilic layer, in particular of the cellulosic type, and the ink reaches it, the printing will become indelible. What is printed will not be altered during cleaning or washing, however, it cannot be deleted. The nature of the ink, its speed of drying, its fluidity, its molecular molecular weight as well as the thickness of the external layer of the substrate (writing and / or printing surface as well as the contact surface and the pressure exerted on the substrate) will also contribute to the indelibility of printing on it.

The substrate thus treated for receiving, writing, printing or drawing. You can use color yourself to tint the background of the substrate. It will be retouchable and modifiable without the background being altered. However, we will use graphic tools specific to this surface, those whose inks will have a more or less fluid aqueous or chemical solvent base allowing corrections and touch-ups immediately before the ink has had time to penetrate the layer or vice versa. 'it cannot be reached by drying too quickly. However, we can use current graphic tools with more or less satisfactory results. This erasing property being lost after a certain time when the ink reaching this hydrophilic layer will make the substrate indelible. Consequently, any manual or mechanical printing will be non-modifiable if the ink reaches the hydrophilic layer. Another advantage consisting in writing for example with a ballpoint pen and because of its instantaneous drying, will make it erasable, the rest not being. This principle is applicable on a case by case basis. Two graphic tools that can give rise to two different inks, one of which will be indelible and the other erasable.

Background coloring and substrate customization (manual processes)
Different coloring materials (for background coloring) will also be offered and will be in the form of powder, paste, solid, liquid or smectic, which can be applied manually or mechanically. In the form of powder, we can find according to the pumice process, sachets in which the dry or wet matter will be conditioned or even directly in a box. If the material is dry, it will be preferable to color after writing, drawing or printing. In liquid form, we will find aerosols as well as bottles with applicator caps or we will soak a cloth of the mohair type among others or in the form of graphic tools. All of these coloring matters can be diluted as well as perfumed. On the surfaces where the liquid coloring matter has been used, it will be possible to print, write and / or draw immediately without wasting time. This application can also be made after printing. We can, if desired, make dark colored backgrounds on which we can print as well as draw or write by choosing a whole range of clear inks or other writing means (dry) including charcoal, chalk, etc. By this coloring principle we can personalize all the substrates whether plastic or paper, the advantage of plastic residing in its erasing properties.

By positioning removable or non-removable patterns such as letters, drawings, symbols, photo contours, cutouts, etc., themselves supplemented by stencil, normographer, cliché, stamp or other methods. These latter processes can be flexible or not, foldable all lengths, glued or not with optionally a graduated part or with a reusable or non-reusable support or in the form of an entire page of a determined format. They may have drawings, letters, any patterns, various geometric shapes, such as lines, checkerboards, spheres, signs of the zodiac, etc. These can be printed at an angle of 360. They will be able to represent professional symbols, logos, real or imaginary characters, they will be able to bring out the particularities and will be usable by adults and children, as well as in the form of advertisements. We can add other forms that can be incorporated inside them. This principle can be used in conventional form or in rolls, inking can be done above or below the form. We can also color the entire substrate, or simply the shape.

Reverse printing on transparent or translucent plastic
We can print a plastic by inverting the printing in order to be able to erase or clean a writing or any other coming on the external face and by preserving the totality of the first printing we can laminate together two substrates or not. This type of printing can also be erasable in particular by the use of dry erasable inks, with water or with chemical solvent. In the case of ephemeral compositions, it is also possible to use printed and glued parts being integral with assembly and removal. The whole being glued in repositionable glue, therefore the support will always be recovered.

The different erasure procedures
The substrate of the invention will be presented with erasing and / or writing means conditioned, meeting French and European security standards. We can also consider the use of products with approval ("quality, food contact" FAD or others) as well as a repellent taste for children. A strong solution with a high solvent power will be used as well as a weak solution with a moderate and selective solvent power. These products will advantageously be chosen according to the kauri-butanol index and other parameters, in particular the harmfulness, the rate of evaporation, etc. A third composition in the form of a conventional varnish or a latex varnish will be used with a view to cleaning, erasing, reprocessing and protecting in the same operation.

Means of erasure and cleaning
These erasing means will advantageously be constituted alone or as a mixture, by the strong solution with acetone, ethyl acetate, toluene, chlorinated solvents (for certain applications), fluochlorines. For the so-called moderate solution, it is preferable to choose aliphatic solvents, whether or not flavored, in particular special light or heavy essences in petroleum fractions or pure products in mixtures or not, in particular essences A, C, E, F, G, 60/95, 70/80, 80/110, 100/120, 100/140, 100/160, 145/160 as well as cyclohexane, isohexane, heptane, pentane, white spirit, iso and cyclo paraffinics, etc. We can also retain amyl acetate, ME-6K, IPA and
IPAC and DIBC, IPE and MTBE, nBuAc, mePROX and mePROXAc, etc. For products containing hexane, a percentage less than 5% will be used. These products being packaged in a bottle with an applicator cap if necessary and comprising a rag. Or in the form of an eraser pen or in the form of a spray bottle and finally a wet cloth.

 The erasing product will be conditioned according to the use, it can be transportable in a bag or a pocket either in a can or a bottle. As for the contact surface with the ink, it can be changed if necessary. Different systems that can be envisaged with regard to this contact surface will be by pushing with the cursor, by rotation around the body of the tank or only in its upper part, by unwinding and / or winding around an axis, or even by stretching. , by detachment, or by removal with a projecting part of cutting or not (saw) or precut, integral or not with the reservoir, soaked or not in the liquid, conditioned with in one part the possibility of accommodating a rag. The rag allowing a larger erasure zone, coupled with a graphic means or not, a pressable or rigid soft body. The tank may contain the chemical solution or an aqueous solution.

Advantages of the invention
The invention also has the following advantages:
- perfect and streak-free writing and / or smearing when writing or erasing;
- writing with most of the existing graphic tools, without the need to use specific tools. On some substrates the ink will not fade over time. The almost immediate drying will allow a rapidity of use. We can nevertheless recommend certain tools over others. Erasing is done without spreading the ink, leaving the surface clean, and this a very large number of times. We can close a book, a folder, put them in a bag without losing or erasing the data.

All erasure procedures are possible and erasure by malice or inattention will be made much more difficult;
We could for example:
- erase and rewrite immediately without wasting time.

 - reprocess the surface, for example if it is wet.

 - The process allowing to suppress the plasticization from where an implementation easier and at a lower cost.

 - the same surface can have all the combined properties (for example dry erase, soluble (water) or with the chemical solution) allowing the use of almost all existing graphic tools.

- erasure which can be envisaged in all its aspects:
We can erase all manuscripts or drawings or others depending on the tool, selectively, dry or by aqueous or chemical solution. Chemical erasure is suitable in all cases.

 We can also consider, an indelible mechanical printing supplemented if necessary is a manual printing.

 And finally, a mechanical and / or manual double print, one of which will be erasable and the other indelible.

 - coloring can be carried out individually, the sub strat so colored allowing writing, drawing, printing and reprography. On it, you can use a dry or soluble tool as well as all the others. To erase the substrate, if these three variants are used simultaneously, when it is erased and if it is done dry (only the surface concerned will be erased), the other inks not being erased, ditto for erasable tools. the water. For all other inks, including erasable, with water or dry, as well as for printing not qualified as "indelible", the recommended solvent will be suitable.

- We can also hide an impression by applying a dry top layer or liquid coloring matter (non-solvent) according to the methods described above to discover it later by erasing this second layer on all or part of the surface; finally
- a final advantage not linked to the use residing in the industrialization of the substrate continuously or not by printing processes, that is to say its embossing, its abrasion, its micro-perforations, its surface coating , and possibly its printing can be done in a single operation. In some cases, the substrate can be printed without specific materials or devices.

Applications
Since the substrate of the invention can give rise to multiple applications, this substrate can thus replace paper for many of them, including wallpaper. It can be cleaned, discarded or reused by users, for example conference paper usable on one or two writing surfaces and by all writing and / or erasing methods.

 The porosity process can also be used on unplasticized substrates, such as panels or boards.

The substrate of the invention can be used on one or two sides, of identical or different colors; we can make assemblies on a rigid support or not, printed or not of any size. The substrates may possibly be supplemented by stickers such as symbols, drawings, words, as well as by advertising. This substrate can also be used for the manufacture of various articles such as secure, impregnable, tear-proof documents (not laminated sandwiches), but possibly laminable such as identity cards, driving licenses, passports,
Social Security, badges, with writing and signature areas, bank cards (signature area). Depending on the use, you can choose an erasable substrate with security or indelible background. The substrate can also replace fiduciary, philatelic and / or photographic paper. This being usable also on signs and panels, supports for graphic arts (in manual drawing and / or in a plotter and / or a plotter; one face being smooth, the other porous or both identical), thus only on shuttle envelopes with preprinted or non-preprinted areas for sticking, writing or printing as well as a removable franking support (or stamp, the return of which may possibly be prepaid), one or more supports that can be used on any or part of the surface. We can also use an opening wire to cut or peel the envelope and finally the closure can draw a V to facilitate detachment. The closure can also be closed by added supports and / or any other system with or without glue. The substrate can be used by schoolchildren, artistic professions, advertising, point-of-sale advertising, architects, overhead projection, small advertising or information supports, as well as in rollable or non-rollable tables, mosaic system of tables inside or outside. exterior that can be positioned using small crosses into which these so-called rigid mosaic shapes or other types such as photos, cards, etc. can be inserted, these can be removed by a stick at the end of which there is a suction cup, glue or adhesive paste, these shapes can form a wall. This substrate being usable in the form of repositionable notes with single, or multi-gluing, recto and verso, or flying, preprinted or blank, preferably erasable by packets or in number, can be stored in a box in (x) format (s) adjusted (s) s) in which one can attach a bottle of product to be erased or a cloth soaked or not, a tube of repositionable glue, possibly a graphic tool. Another variant consisting in pre-cutting these notes by line (s) according to the needs that the user may encounter; these may have a repositionable or permanent adhesive glue. This application will also concern maps in all their forms: plans, geographic maps; road, air or sea, or even staff for route monitoring and / or permanent development thereof, as well as cleaning or washing as well as all information or advertising media on public roads or places (erasable graffiti), which will minimize major damage such as glass breakage and vandalism. These supports are preferably as thin as possible in order to avoid possible detachment. We can also make them disappear with a blowtorch. They can also be used for announcements, invitation cards, greeting cards, business cards (with or without photo), postcards, playing cards and game stands, desk pads and table mats (washable and washable ), adhesive tapes (the reel of which may have a removable cutting tip lengthwise), labels, computer listings, photo albums with captions, leaflets and notebooks, brand names; communication and correspondence articles in general, header media, document archiving, filing cards, index cards and annotation sheets with tracking (medical, sports, school, etc.), inventory, inventory, scale, price lists, instructions, various lists to check or complete, notebooks, drafts, covers and pages of books as well as manuals, diaries, guest books, schedules (with removable positioning zones in the form of bands), matching the calendar of the year with a perpetual calendar, which can have horizontal or vertical positions as well as specific customizable areas in which we can find data related for example to nature, (lunar months, tides) as well as other data more personal (school calendar, transport, shows and fairs, gardening, hunting and fishing), etc., these may be in advertising form or not (as well as the medium). These schedules can be provided with a scissor neck; these removable zones can be by repositionable glue or slipped, or even stamped. A separate graphic will allow you to instantly view two years simultaneously, by means of self-adhesive stickers. These removable positioning zones will be obtained either by correspondence or by software. These schedules can be transportable, perforable, fixed or foldable and even rollable. They can have all the periodicity of the year. The substrate of the invention being also usable for forms, pockets, menus, recipes, food packaging, professional marking, (exploded, arrows, circles, slates, labels, posters, panels, banners, banners), games spirit, crosswords, betting stakes, erasable or otherwise indelible rolls and sheets, blank or not for all types of printers (with autonomous tank or not).

 All of these applications can be envisaged in all forms, in all formats or non-formats, in plastic, paper or cardboard, whether in color or not, transparent or not, mat, satin or shiny, than color. or produced individually or not, fancy, or conventional, themed or not, perforated or precut, blank or preprinted, as well as film-coated, or even plasticized, the porosity of which will be obtained by one or more of the methods described. Thus, according to the present invention, the problem of selective erasure or cleaning of a substrate having previously been used for writing, drawing and printing is solved, this erasure and this cleaning making it possible to keep at will certain printed areas or immutable areas of said substrate.

 It will also be possible to make the substrate indelible by other methods, which can be carried out in printing and reprography devices or possibly in additional machines.

Self-service communications and printing
Another application will consist in providing various titles, such as vignettes, tickets, coupons, cards, etc., which can come from different issuers and delivered by self-service machines and grouped together on the same site.

 We can add to them the photograph of the interested party as well as possibly an identification number. These media can be supplemented with computer data (magnetic tapes or microprocessors, these media can also be distributed, recharged and validated in kiosks, kiosks, (such as ticket delivery, communications in all their forms, printing, etc. , avoiding too frequent supplies by their complementary self-supply or no internal supply. These interactive self-service multimedia kiosks can be equipped with printers with pass-throughs, credit card readers or others (at purposes of payment and / or identification), a screen and / or any other interface that can broadcast information and site advertisements and the like. These terminals can also receive all computerized means of communication such as: email, download as well as fax machine (transmission-reception), telephone, possibly a camera and a s cannes or others These terminals can also operate remotely by electromagnetic waves.

In these terminals it will be possible to receive and capture all multimedia data (including in the form of questions and answers, interactively or not, and all communications via the telephone network in digitized form, text and / or image that may appear on a monitor in order to To visualize them and to select all or part of them. For users wishing to collect data other than by the usual audiovisual, computer, magnetic and electronic processes, they will be able to do so using printers fitted to these automata or (directly received on the computers via a modem or by conventional mail). This data can go from audio (sound) to a printer-type recording, including translations. A word processor can be incorporated in it, especially to have documents in formats and in existing formats. Substrates can also be completed (according to this principle). illir could be without prior word processing or with (example thematic TV or radio broadcast), also press articles in formats adapted or not and possibly referenced. The same principle can be applied to private applications (conferences, debates, etc.). Another form of use will consist of placing an order (or converting it personally) from audiovisual data to computer data, for example in the form of CD ROM with compression (or not) of data to MPEG standards by the same broadcasters. media of their own shows. All of these processes can be in office or domestic form, some via the Internet or Minitel. For other applications where only the printer will be used such as advertising, classified ads, etc., the printed surface can be automatically erased, whether remotely over all or part of it and selectively in order to reprint and this dry by magnetic process, by chemical or aqueous solution. We can also send or receive communications in digital form either directly on an interface, monitor and / or printer or fax, they can then be routed differently either by traditional mail, or by messaging or any other means of communication. The issuer may have one or more recipients and vice versa.

 The printing system can also be remotely controlled by its orientation on the support, for example for bidirectional printers in the desired format as well as for cutting. A mixed or double system (rolls and sheets) may also be provided, which can be fed in two (or more) formats, for example A4 and A3 or A4 and A5, selectable before printing or by the printer itself, thanks to a plate and a rotating or superimposed support or the like. Thus from the sub-formats all the montages can be envisaged.

We can also use a double printing system or not.

Printing on a plastic substrate and methods of correction
It will also be possible to correct, using a photocopier, plastic substrates from a paper original. This invention also relates to an application of the substrate for reprography and / or printing, for example the loading of photocopiers, fax machines, printers, such as laser or inkjet and others, in plastic sheets making it possible to perform all the touch-ups and corrections you want (from paper to plastic). In all printing machines, the plastic substrate will be detected by visible or invisible marking or by any other method. These machines may be equipped with a device comprising a double supply, internal or external (pass-through), of paper or plastic sheets, these machines being provided with a heating or laser printing device making it possible to render the printed medium. indelible and selectively erasable, erasure can be carried out either immediately or later. In order to avoid falsifications, it will be possible, for example, by detecting the substrate, not necessarily to return to the paper or to make a distinct mark thereon. For machines equipped with a heating system, a selector by thermal variation with two positions: normal or forced thermal, will allow to select the desired mode (indelible or erasable). The plastic can also be heated by other thermal or electromagnetic processes, either by heating the plastic, the element or the contact material, or both. We can use a special ink sensitive to UV or infrared radiation; even normal (without particular properties) or synthetic (of indelible quality) or mixed process. A heating system will be provided on machines which do not have it either by roller or by heated contact element. The same result will be achieved by other methods such as double inking.

Printing from plastic to paper and paper to paper
By the use of a scanner and a printer, but above all thanks to copiers and photocopiers, it will be possible to use substrates in color or not, illustrated or not, or even perfumed, these being able to have a high cost and whose l 'use could be handicapped by losses (errors and corrections, significant modifications, etc., which could alter or degrade the substrate), in particular for writing manuscripts, drawings and certain mechanical applications. In order to avoid not only the mess of the substrate but also the loss of time and incessant restarting, we will use plain paper including using the existing correctors and after making sure of the good composition we will pass on a luxurious substrate (paper or plastic) using the aforementioned devices. We can also and with better results, cost and efficiency, use a plastic substrate that can be reused indefinitely that we can modify as we wish and then switch to paper (or another plastic substrate) for a ridiculous cost. We could as well use the plastic substrate as it is. The color as well as the personalization can be carried out individually or not. Another advantage concerning self-feeding will be the certainty of using the machine even if its paper reserve is empty. We can therefore thanks to printing devices but especially reprography add a whole range of new applications, these ranging from self-laminating to the most varied assemblies and the result of certain applications resembling a function reversal, in the sense that the original is ephemeral, the copy thus becoming a reference document. These plastic substrates are all washable and cleanable and for some erasable selectively or not.

Self-laminated printing (or self-laminating)
Thanks to the hydrophilic coating, it will be possible to print a substrate with the numbers 3 and above all 4; the printing by liquid ink thus obtained can be akin to plasticization in the sense that the substrate can be cleaned without altering the printing. We can also use the front and back of the substrate, we can also apply a varnish or latex varnish coating on it, which has the dual property of protecting and cleaning it simultaneously. This application can be done manually or mechanically in printing devices on paper or plastic substrates, on and or under printing (in this case, the varnish will also be reprocessing because it will allow, in addition to erasing, to reprocess the surface. A drying device may be provided Self-laminating being carried out in printing systems but especially in reprography, copiers and photocopiers. The advantage of the latter being their speed, their practicality (you can find them everywhere), their price, the possibility of doing duplex, etc. Another advantage, the paper aspect, lightness, flexibility but with the advantage of plastic; not alterable by the liquid element, washable, tear-proof, etc. Finally, depending on the use of n "3 or n" 4, the effects will be different. No. 3 may require a possible coating of the printing in the form of varnish (liquid) or dry wax (or in glass transition by heating roller) if it is desired to provide the substrate with absolute protection but as a rule not essential. No. 4 being a coating more difficult to soil with sand, because it has a permeable plastic overlay and therefore much more easily cleaned. However, if the substrate is soiled with a colored liquid substance, it should be avoided to rub it, because the effect would be to make it penetrate into the hydrophilic layer. It will therefore be possible with these substrates to easily and quickly self-laminate: press clippings, collections, posters, photos, technical sheets, archives, etc. We can also write on number 4 and then erase without altering the first impression, this making it possible to make documents to complete and correct.

 Regarding the reproductions by powder (toner) a substrate n "3 will be advised. In the case where nevertheless one would use a substrate having a plasticized overlay, this one will have to support the thermal effects of these machines and in the contrary case, this overcoat will be melted. This would eventually make it possible to use powders containing only pigments. This use is also possible. It is also possible to consider the use of polyvalent substrates. Substrates having no coating (apart from toner adhesion) will be also used in these devices and depending on the temperature and the solvents used, they will be erasable or indelible.

Other personalization processes (in particular by
color and protection of the substrate (total self-laminating).

 These printing devices but especially reprography devices may include at least one printing color and the number of these may vary for example between one and five. As a general rule, these devices will operate in monochrome, the principle of mixing not intervening. These colors having the function of being preferably used in printing and not background coloring, hence savings in materials (powder and ink) of supplies and packaging. In addition to this process, paper or plastic substrates, preferably in color and / or illustrated, will be used. The color being in the mass will give a better quality to the document and easier to erase and clean as well as an increased conservation.

These machines will be supplied with substrates either internally and / or externally by pass-through or better by a single or mixed document feeder (original plus copy). This accessory can be reinforced for general public use. Regarding the printing color, this can be done automatically or selectively. We can also consider feeding these machines in a personal way by individual doses (ink or powder). These ink reserves can work alternately or not, they can also be interchangeable. We can also use an automatic background color recognition system. Printing can be done from light to dark color. If two colors feed the print they could for example be black or blue and white or yellow. Other variants are always possible. The color palette can for example be white, blue, green, red and black. We can also use substrates in the form of complexes (two-color), on which we can for example use two printing colors on one and the other side.

 For certain more or less marginal applications, the use of some of them may be automatically refused then (restored later), so as not to harm high efficiency. However, essential applications will be very easily with or without manipulation (or minimal). The speed of use and operation being the same as for traditional current uses (even faster for some of them). Various adaptations can be provided on future machines but also installed on the existing fleet, in particular the copy-pass and possibly multi-inking. Finally, concerning the protection of machine substrates, three cases can be envisaged: 1) in the form of liquid varnish, 2) in the form of molten wax, 3) in the form of a colorless hot-melt coating of toner type without the pigments, those -this can be replaced by silicon dioxide. This coating is done on all or part of the surface depending on whether they are photocopiers or printers (devices having a thermal system). This coating can be done after printing or during the same operation, as well as any other document that we would like to protect (paper or plastic or any other material). The thermal threshold being the same as a conventional use. We can nevertheless make it evolve if necessary. In order to achieve this protection, it will suffice to insert the original in the copy holder.

We can also use the classic principle and in this case it will be the copy that will be processed.

Cutting and assembly of the substrate
These printing or reprography machines can also be equipped with an automatic perforation, cutting or precut system (for example for cutting in height to a given format), the substrate possibly having an adhesive face, and this, in the form of rolls or sheets.

All of these processes can be carried out in these printing machines or in ancillary devices. These divisions can be mono-divisions of a line, pre-divisions or multi-divisions of several lines. If the entrainment of the sheet is not sufficient to cut the substrate, it can be accompanied manually or automatically by pinching it and pulling it or by synchronizing the thrust, this alternating with cutting.

A single element per line, preferably, ensuring the cutting or the precut. The beginning and the end of cutting can be only precut so as not to dissociate the paper or plastic substrate. This operation (total or partial) can be performed sheet by sheet as and when they come out of the printing system, either also in bundles in the same device or in an additional device. Angular cutting can also be envisaged. Another method will consist in pre-cutting the sheet in both directions, this being kept pressed on the device then pre-cut thanks to a support provided with cutting elements (points, blades, discs, etc.). The cutting can also be carried out by means of a movable, cutting and carriage element, sectioning the sheet laterally either again by laser or manually by inserting sheets or bundles according to the cutter principle and by folding down the cutting tool (or by any other movement) mechanically and automatically or manually. The four sides can be simultaneously or uncut or precut. This cutting principle can be extended to a document shredder.

 This division corresponding to the size of the print will be configurable using software, which will enable complex and large-size montages (poster type), geographic maps, plans, diagrams, even life-size reproductions, etc. '' homogeneous assemblies and this, without disjoining, during assembly, the different elements in order to keep them a unitary impression forming an inseparable whole. We can also use this principle for personal achievements by the use of a scanner.

 The sheets or rolls can be pre-glued and perforated or will be on the machine itself either as they come out, or later, or by liquid glue, gel or other and whose application can be done thanks to rolls glued preferably in repositionable glue.

 We can also get pre-cut substrates that we will detach after printing to keep only the printed part. Another solution will consist in sticking (whether it is the sheet or not) on a larger support the removable part which will be taken once printed. Finally, by printing the entire surface. You can also get pre-cut and pre-cut patterns that need only be assembled.

With regard to the supports, they can be envisaged in two forms: either in support usable in the printer, which can be glued in double face when it is not intended for a unitary mounting, or in overall support large dimensions with a positioning angle that can be included. In this case too, we can consider double-sided gluing or any other fixing system. This type of support can have a format of
A0 or any other as well as a precut entourage.

 Another method will consist in assembling the sheets together by simple or double-sided adhesive strips, the protective strip of which can be separated in two, as well as pellets (or any other form) to hold the different elements together by two or four. . We can also provide strips, rods or rigid angles (of different colors or imitations) that will be positioned on and / or under the assembly. Thanks to the software we can reproduce in real format and in this case, each element will be divided equally. To achieve this, we can either increase or reduce the initial format before distributing it in each element, or even add an oversized part to complete the set. We can keep the uncut surround for the elements of the contour. Pre-cutting can also be done automatically. Each element can be interchangeable. The positioning of these is done by juxtaposition or overlapping.

 In summary, these assemblies can be done by cutting, collage and adaptable to all types of existing formats.

Perforations and folds can also be made in this device.

Assemblies
By means of copiers or photocopiers, as well as printers (via a scanner or not), we will be able to produce montages, on which we will then be able to print, write and draw. If the substrates are plastic, they will retain their erasability. I1 could also be only assemblies that will be produced during a single assembly, or partially to then complete them. For certain applications, the substrate may pass several times through the printing system. If the plastic substrate cannot pass several times through the thermal printing system, the mounting will be done first on paper and then on plastic. In order to carry out these assemblies, a transparent or non-repositionable adhesive sheet (or even a hollowed or stamped shape) will be used. The mounting sheet can be simple or multi-fold, can be placed on the exposure glass of a photocopier and for those with a document feeder pass through the motorized drive system. If it is a substrate that has been erased, software will allow the printing to be positioned exactly on the support (in printer use).

 In addition to this self-adhesive support sheet, provision will be made for pre-crushed transparent sheets corresponding to the various existing sub-formats. These sheets can be of A4 format (but with reference to A0 format), the same choice of positioning can be for the original and the copy or not.

We can also make cut shapes in real format.

 Copiers or photocopiers can therefore be programmed manually by referring to the pre-crushed sheets, these being numbered or even scanned with a bar code, making it possible to select what one wishes to reproduce on the copy in one or more times. Thanks to this process we can easily compose assemblies by a simple numbering of one, two or three digits maximum. We will do the same for the copy or not.

This numbering principle is done using an alpha-numeric keyboard supplemented by the four usual arithmetic signs (+, -,:, x) as well as possibly eight illuminated arrows, arranged in a star. These devices may have a memory of at least one page as well as the doubling on the device of the same system of the pre-crushed sheets.

 We can also use a mouse type pointing, we can also by placing the original on a touch screen manually surround the surface to be reproduced or obscured, we will do the same for the copy. An interface could be provided, lighting up as the composition progresses.

 We can also predict the appearance on a monitor of pre-formats by illuminating the one (s) that we want using a pointing device.

 By all these processes, we can also (for devices having the functions): crop, center, circle, reduce, enlarge, zoom, delete, obscure, modify the print color and especially multiply the number of times that a original is contained in a medium or the desired number (repetition of images), either manually or even automatically by the device itself.

Certain processes can be miniaturized, for example in the form of cards, insertable and numbered, in addition to the original and / or the copy.

 And finally we can define the reproduction area by a graphic marker recognized by the device or by a scanner (pen). The machine can determine whether the copy area is compatible with that of the original (even if it has to be changed) or by randomly positioning it.

 As regards the graphic marker, it may for example consist of magnetic or reflective or acid particles, possibly colorless (principle of sympathetic ink). The machine can itself define or not the area remaining to be printed.

 Photocopiers may be equipped with a detector of printed areas of both the original and the copy. This process will automatically accept or refuse reproduction.

An audible signal will be provided if the original is forgotten on the machine and a visual indicator of the paper reserves (ink or powder) can be queried at any time and giving the percentage of products remaining in reserve and possibly the number of sheets that can be used in proportion to use or full pages and this on all types of printing and reprography machines. The machine only activates if all the parameters for ensuring a complete cycle are met.

 For users wishing to leave the substrate (paper or plastic) unperforated, they can then add transparent or not, pre-cut and glued eyelets (on one or two sides), protruding laterally so as to insert the sheets in a binder or by binding. We can also consider a strip glued or not in places and places of the eyelets or so used for positioning thereof. The same principle will be used for the tabs, these can be pre-printed or not. We can also print the letter not exceeding its support to indicate the positioning of the tab and / or reading. And finally we can find perforated or pre-perforated substrates laterally in the dimensions of standard formats or out of formats. These perforations can also be made in printing and reprography devices.

In conclusion:
We can say that the title largely sums up the concept of the patent, that is to say a process which confers on a substrate intended for mechanical and manual printing and reprography, the property of being selectively and simultaneously erasable, indelible, cleanable, washable and changeable.

 By "modifiable" is meant all the processes consisting in carrying out modifications such as, coloring, perforations, assemblies, cutting, folding, etc.

 These modifications being obtained in devices for office or domestic use, whether printing or reprographic or combined equipment in which all or part of these different systems will be integrated, either in an additional device having one or more many of these systems. All the processing except printing can be done in the system itself or in a different housing.

 Other applications arising from some of the methods are also possible, in particular the use in self-service machines also having all of the characteristics described.

 Some uses relate only to plastic substrates, other papers and others that may be suitable for both.

 it is clear that the invention is in no way limited to the forms and embodiments described above, but that it encompasses all the modifications and variants stemming from the same basic principle, namely the fact of giving a substrate a non-uniform surface structure.

 Finally and to conclude, when using photocopiers and / or printers by color substrates as well as possibly their printing other than the black color, the conventional process (black / white) being no longer respected the device will be able to determine according to the percentage of points to be covered by the powder, the best compromise between the conservation of the background color and that of the printing (including with a white substrate).

 This process can be adapted only in text mode and in photocopiers and / or printers use. The classic principle can co-operate with it (depending on the color of the substrate).

Claims (15)

 1. Process for the preparation of a substrate optionally provided with a surface coating, intended for mechanical and / or manual printing, this substrate being manufactured from a natural cellulosic material or from a synthetic material, characterized in that a non-uniform surface structure is imparted to said substrate, for example a structure with through or non-through micro-holes, this non-uniform surface structure thus obtained on said substrate allowing printing, writing to be applied at will or an erasable or indelible drawing, whether partially or completely, simultaneously or not.  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-uniform surface structure is produced by a method chosen from embossing, micro-perforations, abrasion, weaving, molding, electromagnetic processes and flaming.  3. Method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that, the non-uniform surface structure is produced by hot or cold embossing in which a support is used on which the material of the impression is fixed.  4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the support is at least one cylinder of a calendering machine.  5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-uniform surface structure is produced by a microporous coating, for example a micronized pulverulent material under the conditions of implementation of the method.  6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the pulverulent material will advantageously be chosen from a silicate in particular kaolin, titanium oxide, talc, calcium carbonate and sulfate, etc.  7. Substrate prepared according to any one of claims 1 to 6, provided with a hydrophilic layer or having the property possibly associated with a permeable coating or not of varnish or latex varnish type or of thermosetting or thermoplastic resins in layer of printing and / or protective.  8. Substrate according to claim 7, associated with means for erasing, cleaning, reprocessing and protection conditioned and satisfying French and European safety standards.  9. Substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that the erasing or cleaning means are constituted by two types of solvents, one of which has a high cleaning power and another weaker having a moderate and selective solvent power, conditioned in a bottle with an applicator cap.  10. Substrate prepared according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the erasing means with high cleaning power will advantageously be chosen from acetone, ethyl acetate, toluene and chlorinated solvents.  11. Substrate prepared according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the erasing means with low and selective cleaning power will advantageously be chosen from aliphatic solvents, in particular essences A, C, E, F, G, 60/95 , 70/80, cyclohexane, isohexane, heptane, mixed or not.  12. Substrate prepared according to any one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the erasing, cleaning, reprocessing and protection means are constituted by a varnish or a latex varnish applicable manually and / or mechanically on and / or under printing.  13. Substrate prepared according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is coated with an adhesive, removable and repositionable product or that it comprises one or more of a removable and repositionable support,  14. A substrate prepared according to claims 1 to 7 allowing a double mechanical and / or manual inking, penetrating or not, the hydrophilic layer in background coloring and / or printing of individual patterns. This double inking can be of different colors.  15. Application of the substrate according to claims 6 to 9, to a modular loading process for photocopiers, fax machines, printing machines, such as laser or inkjet, in plastic or paper sheets and whose printing or reprography may from one to the other and vice versa. These machines may be capable of being fitted with a device comprising a double supply, internal and / or external, of paper sheets, plastic sheets or the like, as well as possibly a device allowing folding, cutting and perforation. Certain applications of the substance being so by means of computer software. These machines comprising at least one printing color. A single substrate that can be versatile for use in all types of printers and photocopiers.