FR2744464A1 - METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING COMPONENT IN THE FORM OF A FIBER COMPOSITE ASSEMBLY - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a component. In this method for manufacturing a segment of a component (10), which extends along a line of curvature (12) and on which components of transverse forces act, the component (10) is a composite assembly of fibers formed by application of fibers (50, 60) in superimposed layers (30) and in the segment at least one fiber layer (30) has fiber sections (22, 24) which follow each other in direction (56) along the line (12) being inclined relative to the latter, the layers of fibers (30) extending in a parallel surface or making an acute angle to the plane defined by the line (12) and the respective force component transverse (20). Application in particular to the manufacture of parts used in aeronautical and / or space technology.

Description

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing component segments,

that stretch along a

  line of curvature and on which forces act

  seductive cross-sectional components with respect to the line

  of curvature, hereinafter referred to as

health of transversal strengths.

  Such components are necessary in large numbers in the aeronautical and space technology or also in automotive technology and

  Until then, it was made of metal.

  Components are generally known

  bent formed of a material formed of a composite

  fiber site. However, in these components, the assembly

  fiber composite extending along the line of curvature so that these fibers are not suitable for absorbing transverse force components since on the one hand the fibers of materials formed from a composite assembly of fibers can not not to absorb transverse force components and, on the other hand, these transverse force components represent, for such a structure, shear forces which easily damage the composite assembly of fibers so that materials formed from a composite assembly of fibers

  hitherto known are not suitable for such compo-

  sants. Therefore, the purpose of the invention is to indicate a method for manufacturing components of the type indicated, which provides the possibility of manufacturing these components.

  according to an advantageous light construction.

  This problem is solved according to the invention using a method of the type indicated above characterized

  in that the component is manufactured in the form of an assembly

  fiber composite, that the composite assembly of

  fibers is formed by the arrangement of fibers according to

  in the stack, at least one layer of fibers has sections of fiber arranged successively in the direction along the line of curvature and which extend obliquely with respect to the line of curvature; layers of fibers extend into surfaces that are parallel or at an acute angle to a plane defined by the line of curvature

  and the respective active transverse force component.

  The solution according to the invention provides a method, which makes it possible to use the technique of manufacturing materials formed of a composite assembly of fibers and also for such component segments, which are loaded by transverse force components, and provides the advantages of materials formed from an assembly

fiber composite.

  The method according to the invention has the particular advantage that an adaptation of the component segment, loaded by transverse force components, to these transverse force components is possible in a simple manner by the fact that the oblique arrangement of fiber sections with respect to the line of curvature can be adapted to the force action so that the transverse force component acts essentially in the form of compressive and tensile forces on the fiber sections, the adaptation of the arrangement of the fiber sections obliquely with respect to the line of curvature also depending on the compressive and tensile forces, that the different fiber sections are

even to absorb.

  In principle it would also be possible for the sections of fiber, which succeed one another in the direction extending along the line of curvature, to always be arranged side by side in one direction. However, it is particularly advantageous that the sections of fibers, which follow one another in a direction along the line of curvature, of a layer of fibers are arranged in such a way that one of the fiber sections intersects the line of curvature with a positive angle and that the immediately following fiber section intersects the line of curvature with a negative angle. This has the advantage that it is thus possible to have a distribution of transverse forces in the form of compression forces and

  traction acting in two different directions.

  The fiber sections could in principle be arranged in the form of bent sections. However in a particularly simple and advantageous solution it is

  It is expected that fiber sections will extend along

  rectilinear lines of a zig-zag line, whose points

  are located on both sides of the yard line.

  bure, the zig-zag line can be a zig-zag line

  any, also irregular.

  As regards the geometrical configuration, it is particularly advantageous for the bending line to extend in a median zone situated between the return points so that the return points are arranged on both sides of the bending line and that by consequent

  the fiber sections are respectively covered by

  pant respectively the line of curvature, through the segment

component.

  According to a particularly advantageous solution,

  it is expected that the curvature line will extend approximately

  in the middle position between the points of reference.

  As a complement or variant of the process described above, according to a variant of the solution

  according to the invention it is intended that the components

  from a composite assembly of fibers, that the composite assembly of fibers is formed by the introduction of fibers following several successive layers of fibers, that in the segment, at least one layer of fibers of the composite assembly of fibers has sections

  of fiber, which extend obliquely with respect to

  cross-sectional faces which are perpendicular to the line of curvature, and that the fiber layers extend in surfaces which are parallel or inclined at an acute angle to a plane defined by the line of

  curvature and transverse force components.

  This solution according to the invention includes, with regard to some embodiments, the solution described above and therefore also presents the

  advantages described in connection with this solution.

  As far as principle is concerned, it is close to

  described above when successive fiber sections make an angle between them which is less than ', this definition of the variant described above

  of the solution according to the invention also providing

  the possibility that individual sections of fiber

  extend tangentially from the yard line

  in order to absorb transversal forces parti-

  which act, for example, on both sides of a

curvature area.

  According to a particularly advantageous solution, it is provided that the fiber sections of this layer of fibers extend, at least in certain parts, from a point of reference on one side of the line of curvature to another point of reference. located on the other side of the

line of curvature.

  In order to keep the component in a manner that is as compact as possible and in particular to maintain the height of the different fiber layers as low as possible, the fiber sections are advantageously arranged so as to extend as far as possible. without overlap inside each individual layer

  of fibers of the finished component. This avoids

  unnecessary use of the different layers of fibers, which

  would appear in the case of an overlap of differences

parts of fiber.

  In particular, in order to obtain an intimate connection of the different layers of fibers to one another, it is preferable to tighten the layers against each other.

  stacked with fibers, by the implementation of an

  clamping action acting transversely to the

  the surface of the fiber layers, and thus the differences

  layers of fibers are applied against each other in intimate contact, which makes it possible to obtain a component that is not only compact, but also

stable.

  In the context of the solution according to the invention, described until now, we started from the fact that each layer

  of fibers consists of successive fiber sections.

  However, it is possible to increase the lift and stiffness of the component by virtue of the fact that each layer of fibers consists of groups of fiber sections and

  each group has several sections of fiber

  laid side by side. Preferably, these groups are arranged so that each group has the same number of

  sections of fibers arranged side by side.

  In the simplest case, fiber sections

of a group are parallel.

  The fiber sections of each group can be arranged simultaneously in the same direction or it is possible to have different fiber sections of the group by setting up a fiber with directions

  different when looking in the longitudinal direction

nal of the curvature line.

  In principle, it is possible with the method according to the invention to arrange each fiber section in the form of an individual fiber section. However, to have as economical a process as possible, it is

  provided that the different sections of fiber are

  of a fiber arranged in a continuous manner.

  This fiber is preferably arranged in such a way that the different sections of fiber extend between two return points of the fiber arranged in a continuous manner, the fiber being deflected at the level of the return points respectively in another direction by forming

  the fiber section immediately following.

  According to a particularly advantageous method, especially in the case where it is necessary to deposit groups formed of two sections of fiber, it is provided that the fibers, which comprise the sections of fiber arranged side by side of a group of two fibers, are deflected in the area of the same points of reference. This has the advantage that the number of points of reference can be reduced, while at the same time having as many as

  possible sections of fiber in a fiber layer.

  This can be achieved particularly

  simple when one of the fibers, which constitutes two

  of fiber side by side, surrounds the point of return by forming an open loop and the other fiber

  surrounds the point of return by forming a closed loop.

  Each reference point could in principle be a geometric point which fixes the location of the reference or

the deviation of the fiber.

  However, it is particularly advantageous for the fiber to be applied around a deflection element in the zone of each reference point and consequently for the fiber itself and in particular the fiber sections to be formed.

  by this fiber, be aligned in a way defined by the

referral.

  In particular, the provision of the return elements provides the possibility of applying the fibers around the return elements, by applying them a tension in the longitudinal direction, and consequently also having the fiber sections by applying them a

  stress in the longitudinal direction of the fibers.

  The return elements can be arranged in a particularly advantageous manner from the point of view of construction in that they form a body which rises above the base surface for the layer 1a.

lower fiber.

  In the simplest case, each element of

  return is arranged in the form of a rod.

  Regarding the structure, which is obtained overall, the component has not given very precise indications in connection with the previous explanation of the various embodiments. Thus according to a preferred embodiment, it is intended that the fibers of

  all layers of fibers form a structure

  the entire surface of the component segment. This is obtained especially when the fibers are fiber bundles formed of individual fibers and a section

  cross-section of the fiber bundle inside the

  can be made with an oval shape,

  tightening individual fibers in a trans-

  versale to the surfaces of the fiber layers.

  Otherwise, it can be expected that the fibers of all the layers of fibers form a structure filling in a grid-like manner the segment of the component. This is sufficient in many cases and in particular a grid-like structure still allows the use of a filling material, which can give the component

  other advantageous features.

  With regard to the examples of realization indicated previously, no detailed indication was given concerning the relative position of the sections of

  fiber and different layers of fibers.

  Thus, it is advantageous, in particular to obtain as uniform a structure as possible of the component, of

  arrange the fiber sections with super fiber layers

  mutually displaced in the direction along the line of curvature, and therefore when, in the set of fiber layers, the fiber sections are arranged in a distributed manner

  as uniformly as possible.

  According to a preferred solution, it is envisaged that the corresponding fiber sections of two layers of

  successive fibers are arranged by being offset

  proeach the same distance. This is particularly appropriate when the arrangement of the fiber sections is essentially the same in the corresponding layers of

  fibers so that an essential distribution

  homogeneous fiber sections, in particular for a distance which is equal to a fraction - preferably a fraction formed of an integer - of the distance of

  two fibers that extend in an identical manner with

port to the curvature line.

  In principle it would be possible to carry out

  fibers with individual filaments. But it is particularly

  advantageously that the fibers are bundles of fibers made from individual filaments or also

roving fibers.

  To make a composite assembly of

  fibers, it is advantageously provided during the manufacture

  of the component segment, to wet the fibers with

  a hardenable material or capable of being solidified

  proud. This is possible for example by the fact that the fibers are first put in place and then wetted with a hardenable material or can be brought

to solidify.

  As hardenable materials, for example, resins or other matrix forming materials may be used.

  plastics, as materials which can be

  to solidify, for example melts,

glasses or metals.

  In contrast to this it is expected that each fiber is put in place in the form of a fiber wetted by the hardenable material or which can be made to solidify. Regarding the introduction of fibers, it has not given very detailed information in the previous explanations of the various embodiments. For example, it would be possible to manually set fiber sections. But it is particularly advantageous to set up the fiber sections by means of a manipulator, preferably a

  computer-controlled manipulator, the position of the

  of individual fibers in the different layers of

  fibers that can be predetermined for the manipulator.

  Preferably it is planned to set up the

  sections of fiber by displacement of the manipulator, which

  laying sections of fiber so that they extend

from one point of reference to another.

  It is possible that the manipulator has indi-

  vidually the fiber sections.

  This is done appropriately thanks to the fact

  that the manipulator cuts the sections of individual fiber

duels, of a continuous fiber.

  For example, this can be implemented when placing sections of fiber along a zig-zag line, in that the manipulator separates the fiber respectively after the introduction of a section of fiber and upstream of a point of reference and starts again, downstream of the point of

fiber immediately following.

  Unlike the placement of the individual individual fiber sections, it is provided according to another

  advantageous solution that the manipulator has the sections

  fiber in the form of a continuous fiber.

  Preferably it is expected that the fiber continues

  extends from one point of reference to another.

  Other features and advantages of the pre-

  invention will emerge from the description given below.

  after making reference to the accompanying drawings, on

  which: - Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a segment of a bent component and the position of a curvature line of this component; FIG. 2 represents a perspective view of an exemplary concrete embodiment of a component according to the invention in the form of a reinforcing ring for a rim; FIG. 3 represents a cross section located on one side of an axis of rotation, of the rim of the

  FIG. 3, in which is inserted a reinforcement ring

  is lying; FIG. 4 is a partial representation of

  all layers of stacked fibers for the manufacture of

  the reinforcing ring shown in Figures 2 and 3; - Figure 5 is a schematic representation of the method according to the invention for the manufacture of a fiber layer; - Figure 6 shows a plan view in the direction of the arrow A of Figure 5;

  FIG. 7 is a perspective representation

  deformed fibers in cross-section; FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of a segment of a component similar to FIG. 1 and the arrangement of a layer of fibers in accordance with FIG.

  variant of the method according to the invention.

  The component according to the invention, designated in its entirety by the reference 10, extends along a line of curvature 12, which in the case shown in Figure 1 is located in the plane of the drawing. However the line of

  curvature 12 may extend, in principle, according to a

  in space. The component has a first edge 14 and a second edge 16, both of which also extend into the

  same surface as the curve line 12, the line of curvature

  bure 12 being located between the two edges 14 and 16. The position of the line of curvature 12 between the two edges is preferably defined by the centers of all imaginary geometric spheres, represented in this case in a plane by circles 18 , which on the one hand touch the first edge 14 and on the other hand the second edge 16

and are located between these edges.

  Likewise, the geometrical circles 18 are located in the same surface as that in which the line of curvature 12 and the edges 14 and 16 of a surface which may in principle be a three-dimensional surface, but which in the case of FIG. 1 merges with the drawing plane. The segment, represented in FIG. 1, of a component 10 according to the invention is subjected to components

  transverse forces 20, which are directed transversally

  in relation to the curvature line 12 and are also

  situated in the surface in which the

  curvature line 12 and edges 14 and 16.

  From this general definition of a composite

  In FIG. 1 there is shown in FIG. 1 a bent component in a plane, an example of such a bent component 10 is a reinforcing ring 110 of automobile rim 112, which is shown in FIG. 2. As shown in section in Figure 3, the automobile rim 112 has a hub 114, which extends about an axis of rotation 116 having a symmetry of revolution relative to this axis, and an outer body 118 provided with a rim flange 119 in which the reinforcing ring 110 is inserted to reinforce

this rim flange.

  In its daily use, such an automobile rim 112 is loaded by substantially homogeneous centrifugal forces, directed in a radial direction relative to the axis of rotation 116, but also for example in the case of the crossing of uneven ground , by transverse forces 120, which represent

point charges.

  Therefore, if the reinforcing ring 110 is wound in the form of a composite ring formed of fibers having fibers extending in a direction azimuth with respect to the axis of rotation 116 or in the form of a tangential circumferential winding, under the effect of the transverse forces which are manifested it can

  failure to shear and consequently

  rupting the ring since in the case of fiber-reinforced components, these have not

  no stabilizing effect against shear forces

  Moreover, when such shear forces occur, there is a risk of fiber breakage.

  This is why a segment of a

  according to the invention - for example the reinforcing ring

  110 - shown in Figure 4, from a composite assembly of fibers, wherein sections of

  22 and 24 extend in longitudinal directions

  respectively 26 and 28, which in turn are trans-

  with respect to the curvature line 12. The sections

  6 and 24 generally form a grid-like structure which is suitable for supporting transverse force components and subdivides these transverse force components into partial forces which can be supported by the fiber sections 22 and 24 which

  extend in the directions 26 and 28.

  Such a composite assembly of fibers, which is shown in FIG. 4, consists of several superposed layers of fibers, the manufacture of a layer of fibers 30 being represented in FIG. 5. The finished component 10 is represented in gray on the 5 so that the first edge 14 and the second edge 16 are in the form of arcs because it is a circular component, while

  that the line of curvature 12 forms a circular arc represented

  mid-position between the edges 14 and 16, all these arcs being in a surface formed by

the drawing of Figure 5.

  Outside the edges 14 and 16 of the completed component 10, for the manufacture of this component outer deflection rods 34 are arranged on an outer arc 32 and inner return rods 38

  are arranged on an inner circular arc 36.

  In FIG. 6, the outer rods are shown

  reference numbers 34 by dashed lines, tan-

  say that the inner return rods 38 are

  with solid lines.

  All the return rods 34 and 38 rise to

  above a base surface 40 which represents a support surface for the lowest fiber layer 30 in this case and, in this case, is a flat surface, but can in principle be a curved surface in space

(Figure 6).

  The base surface 40 is a surface of a

  port 42, preferably on which the return rods 34

and 38 are also retained.

  The lowest layer of fibers 30 is formed for example by a first fiber 50 shown in a line

  full and extending, with the fiber section 221, trans-

  versalement relative to the line of curvature 12 and made with the latter a positive angle a1. At the fiber section 221 is connected a closed loop 52, with which the fiber 50 surrounds the outer return rod 34a, following the fiber section 221, and extends after this rod, again in the form of a fiber section 241 between the first edge 14 and the second edge 16, the second fiber section 241 making a negative angle 01 with the first line of curvature 12. In the simplest case, the angles a1 and e1 are equal. However, the angles a1 and e1 may, however, in principle also be different.

  The choice of angles a1 and e1 is effected

  tion of the intensity and direction of the components of

expected transversal strengths 20.

  Following the fiber section 241, the fiber 50 forms a C-shaped bend 54, with which this fiber surrounds the inner return rod 38a with a C shape, ie with the shape of an unclosed loop of

  to then expand again, forming the

  fiber portion 221 between the second edge 16 and the first edge 14, through the subsequently formed component 10, a closed loop 52 reconnecting with this portion of

  fiber 22 and surrounding the outer return rod 34a.

  Overall, the fiber 50 therefore forms

  fiber sections 221 and 241 which are arranged successively

  in a direction 56 along the line of curvature 12, the fiber sections 221 always making the positive angle a1 with the line of curvature 12, and the fiber sections 241 representing the negative angle e, and therefore the fiber sections 221 and 241 represent globally

  rectilinear sections of a zig-zag line.

  The return rods 34a and 38a, which deviate

  respectively the first fiber 50 are located successively

  at predetermined distances in the direction 56 along the line of curvature, the distances between an outer return rod 34a and the inner return rod

  38a, around which the fiber is then wound, defining

  1, while the distances between an inner deflecting rod 38a and the immediately following outer deflecting rod 34a, around which the

fiber 50, define the angle a1.

  In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the return rods 34a and 38a, around which the fiber 50 is wound respectively, are arranged at constant angular distances relative to the center of the circular arcs 32 and 36, and it is possible to also in general modify the angular distances to obtain variable angles a1 and e1 with respect to the line of curvature 12.

  In principle it is sufficient to form the layer of

  fibers 30 by a fiber. However, to obtain a structure

  As thick as possible of the component, it is preferably provided that in the fiber layer 30 extends a second fiber 60, which is preferably spaced apart from the first fiber 50 and also comprises fiber sections 222. and 242, the sections 222 of the second fiber 60 also have the positive angle a2 with the line of curvature 12 while the sections 242 of the second fiber 60 make the negative angle e2 with the line of curvature 12. The angles a2 and e2 between the curvature line

  12 and the sections 222 and 242 of the second fiber 60 may

  However, in principle, they must be completely different from the angles α and ε between the first fiber 50 and the curvature line. So that the second fiber 60 extends between the edges 14 and 16 of the component 10 without crossing next to the first fiber 50, preferably the second fiber 60 wraps around the same outer spindle 34a as the first fiber 50, and this in general with a C-shaped loop 64, while the second fiber 60 wraps around the inner deflection pin 38a forming a closed loop 62 so that each of the outer return rods 34a and External deflection rods 38a are surrounded by each of the fibers 58 and 60, a fiber 50 or always winding around the return rod 34a or 38a forming a closed loop 52 or 62 and the other fiber or 50 winding around the return rod 34a or 38a forming a closed loop 64 or 54 in the form of C. To prevent cross points 58 of the closed loops 52 and crossing points 68 of the closed loops 62 of the first fiber 50 and the second fiber 60s If they are located inside the subsequently obtained component 10, the return rods 34 and 36 are arranged at such a distance from the edges 14 and 16 that the crossing points 58 and 68, which are obtained, are located at

the outside of these edges 14 and 16.

  The fiber layer 30 shown on the

  Figures 5 and 6 is followed by a layer immediately following

  fiber, in which in a general way the

  first fiber 50 and the second fiber 60 are not available.

* Sées around the same return rods 34a to 38a, but around the return rods 34b and 38b disposed with an angular offset from the previous ones. As a result, the fiber sections 22 and 24 of the immediately following layer of fibers are arranged in the direction 56 away from the fiber sections 22 and 24 of the fiber layer 30 shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, so that

  by increasing the number of layers of

  the number of return rods 34 and 38 and

  the angular offset between them, the grid structure shown in FIG.

  by superposition of several layers of fibers.

  The fibers 50 or 60 of each fiber layer may be individual filaments. But preferably

  fiber bundles consisting of a multiplicity of

  cited individual filaments, the individual filaments being wetted with a curable mass, in the simplest case a mass of resin, which after curing on the one hand stiffens the bundles of fibers or the individual fibers or the rovings themselves, but on the other hand also connects together all the superimposed fiber sections, so that the structure represented on the

  Figure 4 forms a unit in itself rigid.

  After hardening of the hardenable mass, the edges 14 and 16 are formed by separating the parts, which are located outside these edges, of the fibers 50 and 60,

  in particular loops 52, 54 and loops 62 and 64.

  In particular in the case of the use of bundles of fibers as fibers 50 and 60 of each layer of fibers 30, after having manufactured all the

  layers of fibers and before curing the hard mass

  cissable, all the fiber sections 22 and 24 are compressed together by applying a compressive force preferably directed perpendicularly to the base surface 40, and in this case, as shown in FIG.

  7, the fibers 50 and 60 do not have a sec-

  circular cross section, but a cross section compressed flat, and generally widen in the direction 56 so that, in the case of a sufficiently narrow layer of fiber sections 22 and 24 in layers of fibers In succession, the grid structure shown in FIG. 4 can be compressed to form a structure extending generally over a solid surface. To create, in a variant of the method according to the invention, a component 10 'shown generally in FIG. 8 and which is able to withstand particular transverse forces 20', for example transverse force components 20 ' active of the two

  sides of a curvature zone 72, it is provided in this

  stating that sections of fiber 22 and 24, which succeed one another in the direction 56 along the line of curvature 23, always extend transversely with respect to the transverse sectional plane Q which is perpendicular to the line of curvature 12, and that the successive fiber sections 22 and 24 form between them an angle y less than 180 '. Furthermore, in this variant it is possible to arrange the individual fiber sections, for example the fiber section 22'c, so that it is tangential to the line of curvature 12 in order to create, in the zone of

  curvature 72, a possibility of absorbing longitudinal forces

  which also appear in a tangential direction and which are triggered for example by transverse force components 20 'acting from both

sides of the curvature area 72.

Claims (33)

  1. Process for making a segment of a composition   which extends along a line of curvature and on   which act forces having transverse components   dirty that extend transversely to the   line of curvature, characterized in that the com-   placing (10) in the form of a composite assembly of fibers, that the composite fiber assembly is formed by the arrangement of fibers (50,60) in a plurality of superposed layers (30), that in the segment at least one layer   of fibers (30) comprises fiber sections (22, 24)   placed successively in the direction (56) along the line of curvature (12) and which extend obliquely with respect to the line of curvature (12), and that the layers of   fibers (30) extend into surfaces, which are parallel   or at an acute angle to a plane defined by the line of curvature (12) and the force component   respective active transverse (20).   Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber sections (22,24) of a fiber layer (30) which are superimposed in the direction (56) along the line of curvature (12) , are arranged such that one of the fiber sections (22,24) intersects the curvature line (12) with a positive angle (a) and that the immediately following fiber section intersects the line of   curvature (12) with a negative angle (e).   3. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2,   characterized in that the fiber sections (22,24) extend along straight sections of a zig-zag line, the return points (34,38) of which are located   two sides of the curvature line (12).   4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the line of curvature (12) extends in a zone   median between points of referral (34,38).   5. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 4, characterized in that the components   (10) from a composite fiber assembly, that the composite fiber assembly is formed by   in place of fibers (50,60) following several successive layers   of the fibers (30 '), that in the segment, at least one fiber layer (30') of the fiber composite assembly has fiber sections (22 ', 24') which extend   obliquely to transverse sectional surfaces   (Q) which are perpendicular to the line of curvature (12), and that the fiber layers (30 ') extend in surfaces which are parallel or inclined at an acute angle to a defined plane by the line of curvature (12) and the transverse force components (20 ').   6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the successive fiber sections (22 ', 24') make   between them an angle (y) which is less than 180 '.   7. Method according to one of claims 5 or 6,   characterized in that the fiber sections (22 ', 24') of   this layer of fibers (30) extend, at least in certain   parts (22't), from a point of reference on one side of the line of curvature (12) to another point of   return located on the other side of the curvature line (12).   8. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 7, characterized in that the fiber sections (22, 24) are arranged such that they extend without overlap within each individual layer.   of fibers (30) of the manufactured component (10).   9. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 8, characterized in that the superposed layers of fibers (30) are pressed against one another by means of a transversely acting pressing operation   relative to the surface of the fiber layers (30).   10. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 9, characterized in that a fiber layer (30) consists of groups of fiber sections (22, 24) and each group has a plurality of fiber sections. (22,24) arranged side by side.   11. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 10, characterized in that the different sections   fiber (22,24) are elements of a fiber (50,60) continuously.   12. The method of claim 11, characterized   in that the different fiber sections (22,24) extend between two return points (34,38) of the fiber (50,60) formed continuously.   13. Method according to one of claims 11 or   12, characterized in that the fibers (50,60), which comprise   the fiber sections (22,24), arranged side by side, of a group of two fiber sections are deflected in the   area of their points of reference (34,38).   14. The method of claim 13, characterized   in that one of the fibers (50, 60), which constitute two sections of fiber (22, 24) arranged side by side, surrounds the point of return (38, 34) forming an open loop (54). , 64) and that the other fiber (60, 50) surrounds the return point (34, 38) forming a closed loop (52,62).   15. Process according to any one of the claims   3 to 14, characterized in that the fiber (50,60) is disposed around a deflection element (34,38) in the area from each point of reference.   16. The method of claim 15, characterized   rised in that the fiber (50,60) is arranged around the elements   (34,38), with application of tension in their longitudinal direction.   17. Method according to one of claims 15 or   16, characterized in that each deflection element (34,36) forms a body, which rises above a base surface   (40) for the lowest fiber layer (30).   18. The method of claim 17, characterized   in that the deflection element (34, 38) is arranged under the shape of a stem.   19. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 18, characterized in that the fibers (50,60) of all the fiber layers (30) form a structure which   fills the entire surface of the component segment (10).   20. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 19, characterized in that the fibers (50,60) of all the fiber layers (30) form a structure which   fills in a grid-like manner the component segment.   21. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 20, characterized in that the fiber sections (22,24) formed of superposed fiber layers (30) are arranged reciprocally offset in the direction   (56) along the line of curvature (12).   22. The method of claim 21, characterized   rised in that the fiber sections (2,24), which correspond to   lay, two layers of successive fibers (30) are   arranged by being mutually offset from the same tance.   23. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 22, characterized in that the fibers (50, 60) are individual filaments.   24. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 22, characterized in that the fibers (50, 60) are   fiber bundles of individual filaments duels.   25. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 24, characterized in that during the manufacture of the segment of the component (10), the fibers are wetted with a curable material.   26. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 25, characterized in that each fiber (50, 60) is arranged in the form of a wet fiber with the curable material.   27. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 26, characterized in that the fiber sections   (22,24) are arranged by means of a manipulator.   28. A method according to claim 27, characterized in that the fiber sections (22,24) are arranged by means of a movement of the manipulator, which arranges the fiber sections (22,24) so that they extend from one point of return (34,38) to the other point of referral (34,38).   Method according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the fiber sections (22,24) are set up individually.   30. The method of claim 29, characterized   the manipulator separates the indi-   vidual fiber (22,24), from a continuous fiber (50,60).   31. The method of claim 30, characterized   riser in that the manipulator cuts the respective fiber   after a fiber section (22,24) and upstream of a point of discharge, and downstream from the point of   referral, starts again the implementation of the following section fiber (22,24).   32. Method according to one of claims 27 or   28, characterized in that the manipulator applies the   fiber sections (22,24) in the form of a continuous fiber nude (50.60).   33. The method of claim 32, characterized   in that the continuous fiber (50,60) extends from one point referral to another.