FR2743612A1 - Seal with metal lips, e.g. for separating different chambers of aircraft turbocompressor - Google Patents

Seal with metal lips, e.g. for separating different chambers of aircraft turbocompressor Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2743612A1
FR2743612A1 FR9600358A FR9600358A FR2743612A1 FR 2743612 A1 FR2743612 A1 FR 2743612A1 FR 9600358 A FR9600358 A FR 9600358A FR 9600358 A FR9600358 A FR 9600358A FR 2743612 A1 FR2743612 A1 FR 2743612A1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
seal
lips
bosses
turbocompressor
aircraft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
FR9600358A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Caplain
Christian Rouaud
Bernard Meyer
Chef Gerard Thierry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority to FR9600358A priority Critical patent/FR2743612A1/en
Publication of FR2743612A1 publication Critical patent/FR2743612A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/005Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/02Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0887Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing the sealing effect being obtained by elastic deformation of the packing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)

Abstract

The seal has metal lips (21,22) and is made from separate truncated conical sections. Both conical sections are joined together by curved edges (29,30) which cover a sector of a circle of greater than 90 degrees. At the opposite ends to their joined edges, the sections of the seal have curved circular bosses. The bosses have an outer surface coating to make them harder or reduce friction, e.g. of silver, titanium nitride or fluoridated polymers. The use of the bosses allows thrust surfaces to be reduced in area.

Description

JOINT D'ÉTANCHÉITÉ À IVRES MÉTALLIQUES
DESCRIPTION
L'invention concerne un joint d'étanchéité comprenant plusieurs lèvres métalliques.
METAL DRINKING GASKET
DESCRIPTION
The invention relates to a seal comprising several metal lips.

Cette famille de joints est déjà représentée par de nombreuses espèces, dont certaines des plus courantes, représentées aux figures 1 à 5 avec les références de même numéro, ont respectivement des sections en forme de C, d'U, de V, de K et de nouveau de V. Si on s'intéresse plus spécialement à la figure 1
(les autres méritant les mêmes commentaires), on constate que tous ces joints ont en commun d'être composés de deux lèvres 6 et 7 plus ou moins parallèles reliées par une portion de raccordement 8 de direction généralement perpendiculaire à celle des lèvres 6 et 7 et souvent à forte courbure ; les lèvres 6 et 7 présentent chacune une portion d'appui 9 ou 10, en forme de bande circulaire, pressée contre une des pièces 10 et 11 entre lesquelles l'étanchéité doit être réalisée.Ces joints donnent satisfaction, mais l'amplitude de l'écrasement (correspondant au rapprochement des pièces 10 et 11) qu'ils peuvent subir est limitée, en particulier parce que la portion de raccordement 8 subit des contraintes excessives.
This family of seals is already represented by many species, some of the most common of which, represented in FIGS. 1 to 5 with the references of the same number, have respectively sections in the form of C, U, V, K and again from V. If we are more particularly interested in figure 1
(the others deserve the same comments), it can be seen that all of these seals have in common that they are composed of two more or less parallel lips 6 and 7 connected by a connection portion 8 of direction generally perpendicular to that of lips 6 and 7 and often with strong curvature; the lips 6 and 7 each have a bearing portion 9 or 10, in the form of a circular band, pressed against one of the parts 10 and 11 between which the seal must be produced. These seals are satisfactory, but the amplitude of the 'crushing (corresponding to the approximation of parts 10 and 11) that they can undergo is limited, in particular because the connection portion 8 is subjected to excessive stresses.

Des joints de forme plus complexe, dits en
E, ont été proposés pour tolérer de plus grands écrasements ; ils portent les références 13 et 14 sur les figures 6 et 7 ; on voit que les lèvres, encore référencées par 6 et 7, qui portent les bandes circulaires d'appui 9 et 10, ne sont pas reliées directement entre elles mais par un empilement de lèvres intermédiaires 15 en nombre pair dont les extrémités portent des portions de raccordement 16 aux lèvres voisines, intermédiaires aussi bien que principales, ce qui maintient l'unité du joint. Les portions -de raccordement 16 sont plus souples et permettent des écrasement du joint plus importants, mais peuvent toutefois rester fragiles car il est difficile de fabriquer un joint bien régulier, où les contraintes soient uniformes.Le problème est encore plus important si une des pièces 11 et 12 présente une face cylindrique 17 entourant le joint qui touche les portions de raccordement 8 et 16 et exerce un effort de compression radiale sur elles.
Joints with a more complex shape, known as
E, have been proposed to tolerate larger crushings; they bear the references 13 and 14 in FIGS. 6 and 7; it can be seen that the lips, still referenced by 6 and 7, which carry the circular support bands 9 and 10, are not connected directly to each other but by a stack of intermediate lips 15 in even number, the ends of which carry portions of connection 16 to neighboring lips, intermediate as well as main, which maintains the unity of the seal. The connection portions 16 are more flexible and allow greater crushing of the joint, but can however remain fragile because it is difficult to produce a very regular joint, where the stresses are uniform. The problem is even more serious if one of the parts 11 and 12 has a cylindrical face 17 surrounding the seal which touches the connection portions 8 and 16 and exerts a radial compression force on them.

L'objet de la présente invention est de réduire radicalement les contraintes dans les portions de raccordement entre lèvres, par une construction du joint où les lèvres, sensiblement tronconiques, sont distinctes et comprennent des extrémités de raccordement à section en arc de cercle. Les extrémités de raccordement sont jointes par paires de façon à se recouvrir et glisser l'une sur l'autre. La suppression de la continuité du joint à la jonction des lèvres ne s'accompagne ainsi pas d'une perte d'étanchéité. The object of the present invention is to radically reduce the stresses in the connection portions between the lips, by a construction of the joint where the lips, substantially frustoconical, are distinct and include connection ends with a section in an arc of a circle. The connection ends are joined in pairs so as to overlap and slide one over the other. The removal of the continuity of the seal at the junction of the lips is therefore not accompanied by a loss of tightness.

L'invention va maintenant être décrite à l'aide des figures suivantes annexées à titre illustratif et non limitatif
- les figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 et 7 déjà décrites représentent certains joints à lèvres courants ;
- et les figures 8, 9, 10 et 11 représentent certains joints conformes à l'invention employés dans des situations différentes.
The invention will now be described with the aid of the following figures, which are given by way of illustration and not limitation.
- Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 already described show some common lip seals;
- And Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 show some seals according to the invention used in different situations.

Le joint conforme à l'invention porte la référence 20 à la figure 8. Comme les joints antérieurs, il est composé de deux lèvres 21 et 22 présentant des portions extrêmes d'appui 23 et 24, selon des bandes circulaires, sur des faces planes de deux pièces d'appui 25 et 26 mutuellement mobiles aussi bien en sens axial que radial (respectivement selon les flèches horizontales et verticales) . Ces portions d'appui 23 et 24 sont en forme de bossage à section en arc de cercle et à convexité dirigée vers les pièces d'appui 25 et 26. Les faces convexes 27 et 28 des bossages peuvent être recouvertes d'un revêtement adapté à l'application pour les durcir ou réduire les frottements, suivant les appl-ications ; l'argent, le nitrure de titane, les polymères fluorés peuvent être utilisés.La forme des bossages permet de réduire la largeur des bandes d'appui sur les pièces 25 et 26, c'est-à-dire d'instaurer une plus grande pression de contact et d'améliorer ainsi l'étanchéité tout en permettant au joint 20 de s'écraser plus fortement, car le contact d'étanchéité est maintenu quand les lèvres 21 et 22 tournent, les faces convexes 27 et 28 roulant sur les pièces d'appui 25 et 26. The seal according to the invention bears the reference 20 in FIG. 8. Like the previous seals, it is composed of two lips 21 and 22 having end support portions 23 and 24, in circular bands, on flat faces two support parts 25 and 26 mutually movable both axially and radially (respectively according to the horizontal and vertical arrows). These support portions 23 and 24 are in the form of a boss with a section in an arc of a circle and with convexity directed towards the support pieces 25 and 26. The convex faces 27 and 28 of the bosses can be covered with a coating suitable for the application to harden or reduce friction, depending on the appl-ications; silver, titanium nitride, fluoropolymers can be used. The shape of the bosses makes it possible to reduce the width of the support strips on the parts 25 and 26, that is to say to establish a greater contact pressure and thus improve the seal while allowing the seal 20 to crush more strongly, because the seal contact is maintained when the lips 21 and 22 rotate, the convex faces 27 and 28 rolling on the parts support 25 and 26.

L'élément essentiel de l'invention est toutefois situé à l'opposé de ces portions d'appui 23 et 24 ; il s'agit d'extrémités de raccordement 29 et 30 à l'amorce des lèvres 22 ou 21, qui sont en forme d'arc de cercle et presque au même rayon de courbure, ce qui leur permet de se recouvrir tout en glissant l'une sur l'autre, par l'intrados 31 de l'extrémité 29 de la lèvre 21 et l'extrados 32 de l'extrémité 30 de la lèvre 22. Une bonne étanchéité est maintenue au niveau de l'articulation 33 ainsi constituée entre les lèvres 21 et 22. On conseille d'établir un angle de recouvrement
A des deux extrémités de raccordement 29 et 30 de 900 ou plus suivant la section du joint.
The essential element of the invention is however located opposite these support portions 23 and 24; these are connection ends 29 and 30 to the start of the lips 22 or 21, which are in the shape of an arc of a circle and almost at the same radius of curvature, which allows them to overlap while sliding the 'one on the other, by the lower surface 31 of the end 29 of the lip 21 and the upper surface 32 of the end 30 of the lip 22. A good seal is maintained at the joint 33 thus formed between lips 21 and 22. It is advisable to establish an overlap angle
At two connection ends 29 and 30 of 900 or more depending on the section of the joint.

Les portions d'appui 23 et 24 du joint de la figure 8 sont disposées sur le plus grand diamètre de celui-ci, à l'opposé de l'axe X ; une disposition inverse peut aussi être employée, comme le représente le joint 40 de la figure 9 dont les portions d'appui 23' et 24' sont dirigées vers l'axe X. A cette symétrie de -construction près, toute la- description précédente reste valable. Il est encore possible que le joint soit disposé verticalement, ce qu'on représente à la figure 10 avec le joint 41, et qu'il soit alors écrasé entre des surfaces concentriques et circulaires de deux pièces 25' et 26' telles qu'un arbre et un alésage, si bien que les portions d'appui 23" et 24" sont concentriques elles aussi et situées dans un même plan. The bearing portions 23 and 24 of the joint of Figure 8 are arranged on the largest diameter thereof, opposite the axis X; a reverse arrangement can also be used, as shown by the seal 40 in FIG. 9, the support portions 23 'and 24' of which are directed towards the axis X. With this symmetry of construction, all the preceding description remains valid. It is also possible that the seal is arranged vertically, which is shown in Figure 10 with the seal 41, and that it is then crushed between concentric and circular surfaces of two parts 25 'and 26' such that a shaft and a bore, so that the support portions 23 "and 24" are also concentric and located in the same plane.

Enfin, la figure 11 représente un joint plus compliqué, dont les lèvres 21 et 22 d'appui obéissent à la description précédente mais ne sont pas jointes entre elles, mais à des lèvres intermédiaires 42 dont les deux extrémités 43 sont courbées en arcs de cercle dirigés dans des directions opposées et qui se raccordent aux extrémités 43 de l'autre lèvre intermédiaire 42 ou à une des extrémités de raccordement 29 et 30 des lèvres principales 21 et 22, formant des articulations 44 semblables aux articulations 33. On pourra ajouter des lèvres intermédiaires 42 supplémentaires pour obtenir un écrasement axial plus important du joint composite 45 ainsi constitué ; ces lèvres supplémentaires seraient situées entre celles de la figure 11 et augmenteraient la hauteur du joint 45 en formant des plis supplémentaires, comme avec le joint de la figure 7 comparé à celui de la figure 6 ; elles seraient aussi jointes par des paires d'extrémités en arc de cercle qui se recouvriraient et glisseraient mutuellement.Finally, FIG. 11 represents a more complicated seal, the support lips 21 and 22 of which obey the preceding description but are not joined together, but at intermediate lips 42 whose two ends 43 are curved in arcs of a circle directed in opposite directions and which connect to the ends 43 of the other intermediate lip 42 or to one of the connection ends 29 and 30 of the main lips 21 and 22, forming joints 44 similar to the joints 33. It is possible to add lips additional intermediates 42 to obtain greater axial crushing of the composite seal 45 thus formed; these additional lips would be located between those of FIG. 11 and would increase the height of the joint 45 by forming additional folds, as with the joint in FIG. 7 compared to that of FIG. 6; they would also be joined by pairs of ends in an arc which would overlap and slide together.

Une application déjà envisagée est l'aéronautique, par exemple pour séparer différentes chambres d'un turbocompresseur. En effet, les carters de compresseur ou de turbine sont soumis à de fortes sollicitations et des déformations importantes aux accélérations et décélérations, ainsi qu'à des échauffements différentiels : tous cela crée des déplacements importants qui justifient un joint souple et résistant en même temps, notamment à la fatigue, et expliquent que la réduction des contraintes à l'articulation soit si avantageuse.  An application already envisaged is aeronautics, for example for separating different chambers of a turbocharger. Indeed, the compressor or turbine casings are subjected to high stresses and significant deformations during acceleration and deceleration, as well as differential heating: all this creates significant displacements which justify a flexible and resistant joint at the same time, including fatigue, and explain that reducing stresses on the joint is so beneficial.

Claims (4)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Joint d'étanchéité à lèvres métalliques 1. Metal lip seal (21, 22, 42), caractérisé en ce qu'il est composé de portions sensiblement tronconiques distinctes et comprenant des extrémités de raccordement (29, 30, 43) à section en arc de cercle, les extrémités étant jointes par paires, de façon que les extrémités d'une paire se recouvrent en glissant l'une sur l'autre. (21, 22, 42), characterized in that it is composed of distinctly frustoconical portions distinct and comprising connection ends (29, 30, 43) with an arc section, the ends being joined in pairs, so that the ends of a pair overlap by sliding one over the other. 2. Joint d'étanchéité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités de raccordement se recouvrent sur un secteur de cercle d'au moins 90".  2. A seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection ends overlap over a sector of a circle of at least 90 ". 3. Joint d'étanchéité selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que deux des lèvres présentent, en deux portions opposées aux extrémités de raccordement et formant des bandes circulaires d'appui, une courbure à section en forme de bossage (23, 24). 3. A seal according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that two of the lips have, in two portions opposite to the connection ends and forming circular support bands, a curvature with a section in the form of boss (23, 24). 4. Joint d'étanchéité selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les bossages portent un revêtement superficiel.  4. A seal according to claim 3, characterized in that the bosses carry a surface coating.
FR9600358A 1996-01-15 1996-01-15 Seal with metal lips, e.g. for separating different chambers of aircraft turbocompressor Pending FR2743612A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9600358A FR2743612A1 (en) 1996-01-15 1996-01-15 Seal with metal lips, e.g. for separating different chambers of aircraft turbocompressor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9600358A FR2743612A1 (en) 1996-01-15 1996-01-15 Seal with metal lips, e.g. for separating different chambers of aircraft turbocompressor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2743612A1 true FR2743612A1 (en) 1997-07-18

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013011124A1 (en) * 2011-07-20 2013-01-24 Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh Seal system
EP3023599A1 (en) * 2014-10-24 2016-05-25 United Technologies Corporation Bifurcated sliding seal
US9897038B2 (en) 2013-06-07 2018-02-20 Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh Sealing system
US10196912B2 (en) 2014-10-24 2019-02-05 United Technologies Corporation Bifurcated sliding seal

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2102818A5 (en) * 1970-08-24 1972-04-07 Temper Corp
GB2087501A (en) * 1980-11-14 1982-05-26 United Technologies Corp Wedge-shaped seal for flanged joints
US5158305A (en) * 1992-01-31 1992-10-27 Eg&G Pressure Science, Inc. Pressure-energized two-element seal

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2102818A5 (en) * 1970-08-24 1972-04-07 Temper Corp
GB2087501A (en) * 1980-11-14 1982-05-26 United Technologies Corp Wedge-shaped seal for flanged joints
US5158305A (en) * 1992-01-31 1992-10-27 Eg&G Pressure Science, Inc. Pressure-energized two-element seal

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013011124A1 (en) * 2011-07-20 2013-01-24 Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh Seal system
US9897038B2 (en) 2013-06-07 2018-02-20 Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh Sealing system
EP3023599A1 (en) * 2014-10-24 2016-05-25 United Technologies Corporation Bifurcated sliding seal
US10196912B2 (en) 2014-10-24 2019-02-05 United Technologies Corporation Bifurcated sliding seal
US10344609B2 (en) 2014-10-24 2019-07-09 United Technologies Corporation Bifurcated sliding seal
US11365641B2 (en) 2014-10-24 2022-06-21 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Bifurcated sliding seal

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