FR2714573A1 - Use of currant seed oils to produce dietary supplements - Google Patents

Abstract

Use of oils from the seeds of Ribes spp. to produce dietary supplements for pregnant or lactating females is new.

Description

NOUJVEAU (ONPliEMENTI lNUTI'rIONNEI, BASED ON OIEAGINOUS

AND METHOD D) 'OBTAINING

  The present invention relates to the field of dietetics. It is addressed in

  particularly in the area of feeding pregnant and lactating women.

  It has especially for object of nutritional supplements for pregnant or breastfeeding women characterized in that they consist of a vegetable source of di- fatty acids. tri- or tetra unsaturated from the n-6 series and from the n-3 series, added to or mixed with one or more inert solid or liquid supports,

  food, pennertanit the administration under a dosed folrnnc.

  Preferably, the vegetable source of di-, tri- or Ictra unsaturated fatty acids consists of an oil rich in such acids such as, for example, a seed oil of the Ribes species, such as blackcurrant seed oil. . dc seed oil

  gooseberries or olive oil from gooseberries.

  Concentrates of these fatty acids can also be used, as has been shown in French patent 2,637,910, in which the depletion of the Ribes seeds is described by supercritical fluid and fractional separation of different fractions.

fatty acids.

  Ribes fried seed oils are clearly differentiated from other vegetable oils such as evening primrose (Oenothera laminarckiana) or borage (Borrago sp.) Which contain little a-linolenic acid (18 n-3 ) very little acid

  stearidoniquc (18: 4 n-3) and a lot of y-linolenic acid.

  Likewise, we can differentiate. according to the same criteria, seed oils from

  Ribes, other vegetable oils (rapeseed, nuts, soy, flax) which contain as essential fatty acids only linoleic acid (18: 3 n-6) and acid a-

linolenic (18: 3 n-3).

  This is why the seeds oils of e Ribes have the great advantage of containing, in addition to two essential fatty acids of the n-6 and n-3 series (linoleic and (x-linolenic), the two homologous fatty acids superior (T-linolenic acid and stearidonic acid) d (the fact that the load on the pathway of A6-desaturase is lightened, whereas this intervention is often a limiting factor in the synthesis of long-chain polyvinylsaturated fatty acids arachidonic acid (20: 4

  n-6) and docosahcxacnoic acid (DHA or 22: 6 n-3).

  1 The presence of a large amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 series (dc 15 i 35%), therefore confers on seed oils dc Ril) cs dietary benefits q (read

do not have other oiled ones.

  In fact, the nutritional needs of the pregnant woman or of the nursing mother are quite specific since they must, in addition, allow the development of

  and, furthermore, to ensure an appropriate composition of breast milk.

  These intakes are widely studied in terms of caloric value, intake of basic nutrients (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates), intake of mineral salts and intake

cni trace elements.

  I5 More recent data, however, have made it possible to observe that, until now, the specific needs of essential fatty acids for very young children have been poorly understood and this lack of awareness was likely to lead to

carcncc, in newborns.

  Have been able to demonstrate, in particular, that to ensure the development of the brain, the child needs a sufficient intake of arachidonic acid (C20: 4 n-6) and docosahexacnoï acid (eu DIIA C22 : 6 n-3). These essential fatty acids are necessary for the brain, that is to say that a deficiency causes lesions and delays in the development of cognitive function, vision and vision. audition (Crawford M. Amn. J. ('lin. Nutr. (1993) 57 (suppl.) p.703-710; Koletko B.

  Europ. J. Clin. To harm. 46 (suppl. 1) p.51-52).

  In order to ensure sufficient intake of these two fatty acids in the placenta for the fetus, and in breast milk for the infant. the mnirc must find, in its diet, a correct and balanced intake c their metabolic precursors linoleic acid y-linolenic acid xc-linolenic acid stearidonic acid () r, this contribution, if it is stitisafit c ellquality. It is often unbalanced by an excess of linoleic acid (C 1 8: 2 n-6) which is found in abundance in the commercial vegetable oils cotmine cclles of corn or dc sunflower. This excessive consumption of an acid in C1Ig: 2 n-6 can lead to inhibit, of an important factor (dc the order dc 4), the transoirmation of this acid in higher fatty acids. Likewise, the presence of such an excess. Iransfobrmnation of acids in C18: 3 n-3 is reduced by a factor of 3 (Guesnei Pli. Cahier Nuir. Di) and. XXVIIII Vol.l (1993)

p. 19-25).

  Consequently. too much contisolimmination of sunflower oil or corn oil, can paradoxically lead to a deficiency of arachidonic acid and

  I) HA in the fetus and in the baby fed on the scin.

  In addition, it has been determined that it is during the first weeks of genetic development that the divisions of the nerve cells are most intense and that the needs of the fetal cervix are greatest. (This argues for dispensation to women with food supplements from

  beginning of the gestalion. and activates as soon as she wishes to be a mother.

  2, A recent study, carried out in FRAN (CE, made it possible to analyze the milk of 41 women distributed in three regions of FRANCE (Durand (iG, ELurop. J. Clin. Nutr. In press). It emerges from this study that the milk of French temmes is relatively poor C-acid cry (i: 3 n- 6 (0.6% of fatty acids) but it is relatively too

rich in C18 acid: 2 n-6 (13%).

  The acid ratio C -2 n-6 C18 acid: 3 n-3 is of the order (ldc 20. that is to say among the highest in EU JROPE OCCIDENTAl, E. Therefore, l of a nutrilionnml supplement ci specific fatty acids

  pregnant or lactating woman. seems highly desirable.

  Among the vegetable oils currently available on the market, it appears that the oils obtained from seeds of Ribecs fruits have an interesting content of fatty acids. These are, in particular, seeds of red currants (Ribes uva crispa), blackcurrant seeds (Ribcs nigru) ii and seeds of red currants (Ribes r'ubrumn). The seeds of these companies contain around 20% oil which is rich (25%) in

  polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-6 and n-3 series.

  We prefer, cil occurrencc, the oil of currant seeds (Ribes rubrum), which n-6 has a better ratio n-6 ii-3 WI close to 1.4 while this ratio is dc of the order dc 4 for 'blackcurrant seed oil

(Ribes nigrum).

  It is however also possible to use a mixture of two or more oils.

  I, a simultaneous presence of ax-linoleic acids, this stearidonic is essential since it is the preferential precursors of docosahexaeinoic acid which is

  essential for the development of the central nervous system.

  The present invention therefore relates to nutritional supplements containing an effective amount of at least one oil from Ribes seeds, mixed or in addition, with an inert carrier or vehicle, intended for pregnant women or nursing mothers. to enhance brain maturation in a physiological way. In these accomplices. Ribes seed oils are dispersed or included in an incremental mineral carrier which allows these supplements to be obscured in the form of powders, granules or bars. We are also calculating! disperse the oil in an aqueous vehicle in the form of an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion by adding an appropriate surfactant. It is thus possible to form flavored or non-flavored 3M milks (ldcs micro-nemulsions, dispersions. It is also possible to formulate the oils under liposomal cni form dissolving the oil in an organic solvent immiscible with water, added with lecithin or cholesterol then in

dispersing in water.

  The solvent is evaporated to obtain a thin film which is taken up in an aqueous medium containing a nonionic surfactant and stirred until a homogeneous emulsion is formed. After making such an emulsion and

2714573

  verification of its stability, the emulsion pcul tirc diluted c palr unc quantitative

additional water.

  The pulverulent plants can be flavored and sweetened. added with a gelling agent and / or a binding agent and / or an inert diluting agent to produce a

perfectly fluid preparation.

  For the stability of such preparations, add stabilizers and

including antioxidants.

  I (J The preparations thus produced may, in addition, be supplemented with vitamin factors such as vitamin E. tolic acid, vitamin B12 and / or mineral salts such as iron to supplement certain calrences specific to women

pregnant or breastfeeding.

  For the convenience of ingestion, powdered preparations are packaged in gelatin capsules containing 200 to 600 mg of oil from fruit seeds.

  Ribes, diluted in an excipient or an inert food diluent.

  2 The following examples illustrate the invention without, however, limiting it

EXFMPLE

  Groscilla seed oil ......................... 250 g attocopherol ................. ........ 0.5 g Ben1onite ................

  ....... 6 g Carbonate of calcium ......................... 12 g Tricalcium phosphate ......... ................ 12 g Microcrystalline cllulose ........................ 18 g T alc .. ..................... DTD: .1 5 g 3; per 1000 capsules with an average weight of 0.300 g..DTD: EXAMPLE II

  Currant seed oil ......................... 400 g Beer yeast autolysate ............. ............ 6 g 3s. Colloidal silica marketed under the brand Aerosil 2 (00 ......................... 25 g a-locophcrol .......... ............... 0.75 g Calcium carbonate ......

  ................. 5 g Gluconatefcrreux ....................... 8,25 g Carbomnère sold under the Carbopol 934 brand ........................ 4 g Water ................... ..... 60) g per 1000) soft capsules with an average weight of 0.50) 0 g EXAMPLE ll l0. blackcurrant seed oil ............... .DTD: ..40 g Copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide marketed under the brand name P'luronic FI .. ...................... 20 g Autolysate of beer collection ................... 6 g Palmitated'ascorbylc ........................ 0.5 g..DTD: Carbonate of calciium ............ .............

  Gluconateferreux ......................... 45 g Gluconalc de manganèsc ....

  .................. 2.5 g G luconatc dc cobalt ................... 2.5 g Stearate dc polyctethylene glycol .......................... 5 g Purified water qs 1000 mi of emulsion ml emulsion con'espondcnit à 0,400) g d blackcurrant seed oil..DTD: EXAMPLE

  Groscillium seed oil (or blackcurrant seed oil).

  .............................. 50 g Folic acid ................ ...... DTD: .................................... 0.5 g Vitamin B 12 ............... DTD: ................................ .......... 0.06 g 30.Ascorbate ferrcux ................................ ............. 1.5 () g Vitamin E ............................. ....................... 0.25 g Polyethylene glycol stearate .................. ..... 5 Purified water qs ......... DTD: .............................. ................... 1000 minl. DTD: I ml of emulsion corresponds to 0.050) g of currant seed oil (or failing this S seed pips Cassis).

R E V E N 1) I CA TI () N S

  i. Use of liberated seed oils. in view of the realization of nutritional supplements intended for the feeding of pregnant or nursing women. 2. Use according to claim l wherein at least one seed oil

  de Ribes is added or dispersed in thinners or vehicles.

  3. Use according to claim I or 2 wherein at least one seed oil from Ribes csl diluted with a mineral support incle to form a

solid preparation.

  4. Use according to claim I or 20 wherein at least one oil from 1 s Ribes seeds is dispersed in an aqueous vehicle, added with an agent

  surfactant to form an oil in water or oil in oil emulsion.

  5. Use according to claim I or 2 in which at least one seed oil from Ribes is formulated as liposomes after dissolution in an organic solvent added with cholestelcrol or lecilinet, evaporation of the

  solvent and taken up in an aqueous vehicle.

  6. Use according to any of claims 1 to 5 wherein the oils dc

  Ribes seeds are selected from the group consisting of gooseberry seed oil, blackcurrant seed oil and gooseberry seed oil. 7. Use according to claim 6 wherein one uses a fraction or a concentrate of one of these oils enriched cn polyunsaturated fatty acids having a

  improved n-6 ratio, between 1.4 and 4.

  n-3 8. Use according to one of claims I to 7 in which the diluents or vehicles are added with a gelling agent and / or a binding agent and / or a

inert diluent.

  9. Use according to one of the claims I to 8 'in which the compositions

  are added with a stabilizing agent and in particular an antioxidant agent.

A x9 2714573

  I O. Use according to one of c (claims I to 9 'in which the preparations

  are added with vitaminic vitamins and / or mineral salts.

  1 i. Use according to one of claims I to I0 'in which the preparations for

  pC! pins oil base of Ribes fried foods contain 200 to 600 mg

  seed oil diluted in a carrier or vehicle, by ingestion.