FR2706913A1 - Industrial fabric having a high covering rate - Google Patents
Industrial fabric having a high covering rate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2706913A1 FR2706913A1 FR9307817A FR9307817A FR2706913A1 FR 2706913 A1 FR2706913 A1 FR 2706913A1 FR 9307817 A FR9307817 A FR 9307817A FR 9307817 A FR9307817 A FR 9307817A FR 2706913 A1 FR2706913 A1 FR 2706913A1
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- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- filling
- fabric according
- wires
- threads
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/22—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/242—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads inorganic, e.g. basalt
- D03D15/267—Glass
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/573—Tensile strength
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D9/00—Open-work fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
- B29K2105/0809—Fabrics
- B29K2105/0845—Woven fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0063—Density
- B29K2995/0064—Non-uniform density
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0077—Yield strength; Tensile strength
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
- D10B2101/06—Glass
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
- D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2211/00—Protein-based fibres, e.g. animal fibres
- D10B2211/01—Natural animal fibres, e.g. keratin fibres
- D10B2211/02—Wool
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
- D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/10—Physical properties porous
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
TISSU TECHNIQUE A FORT TAUX DE COUVERTURE
La présente invention concerne les tissus techniques, c'est-à-dire les tissus ayant des applications industrielles. Plus particulièrement, mais de manière non exclusive, l'invention s'intéresse aux tissus techniques obtenus à partir de fibres de carbone, verre, silice ou aramide, et susceptibles d'être imprégnées avec des résines thermodurcissables ou thermoplastiques, organiques (par exemple époxy, phénoliques, polyester, polyimides, acryliques, etc...) ou minérales, assurant la cohésion des fibres du tissu, et transférant les charges de la matrice de résine aux fibres dudit tissu. Les pièces stratifiées ou composites, ainsi obtenues sont maintenant largement utilisées, par exemple pour la réalisation ou fabrication de pièces de structure d'aéronefs, notamment avions.TECHNICAL FABRIC WITH HIGH COVERAGE RATES
The present invention relates to technical fabrics, that is to say fabrics having industrial applications. More particularly, but not exclusively, the invention is concerned with technical fabrics obtained from carbon fibers, glass, silica or aramid, and capable of being impregnated with thermosetting or thermoplastic, organic resins (for example epoxy , phenolic, polyester, polyimides, acrylics, etc.) or mineral, ensuring the cohesion of the fibers of the fabric, and transferring the charges from the resin matrix to the fibers of said fabric. The laminated or composite parts thus obtained are now widely used, for example for the production or manufacture of structural parts of aircraft, in particular aircraft.
Dans ce dernier domaine, la masse surfacique des pièces obtenues constitue un paramètre de qualification essentiel, et bien évidemment tous les efforts techniques et industriels tendent vers des pièces aussi légères que possible, tout en préservant la tenue mécanique de ces dernières lorsqu'elles sont soumises à des efforts, charges ou contraintes. In the latter field, the surface mass of the parts obtained constitutes an essential qualification parameter, and obviously all technical and industrial efforts tend towards parts as light as possible, while preserving the mechanical strength of the latter when they are subjected to efforts, loads or constraints.
Différentes directions ont été explorées pour alléger les pièces précitées. La principale a consisté à rechercher ou trouver des tissus de masse surfacique aussi faible que possible, par exemple de l'ordre de 25 à 100 grammes/m2, par différents moyens, à savoir - en diminuant l'épaisseur : des tissus de verre
relativement peu épais peuvent effectivement être
imprégnés pour obtenir des "peaux" très fines, mais leur
manipulation ou traitement est particulièrement délicat,
en tout cas pour un stratifié à une seule couche - en diminuant le titre des fils constitutifs du tissu,
mais de tels fils sont en général coûteux, ce qui les
exclut pour des fabrications en série - en utilisant des fils relativement fins et tissés selon
une contexture serrée : la déformabilité des tissus
ainsi obtenus est médiocre, ce qui gène leur emploi pour
des opérations de moulage, notamment sous pression et en
température ; et leur tissage coûte relativement plus
cher - et enfin, en utilisant des fils relativement gros, ou
ayant une masse linéique relativement élevée, mais
tissés selon une contexture ouverte : de tels tissus
présentent une porosité importante du fait de
l'écartement des fils constitutifs, ce qui conduit après
imprégnation à des pièces poreuses, avec de nombreux
cratères par unité de surface ; pour limiter ou
supprimer ces derniers, il faut soit surcharger le tissu
de résine d'imprégnation, soit disposer dans le moule un
tissu fin de finition, soit encore procéder à des
opérations de finition telles que masticage et/ou
ponçage.Different directions have been explored to lighten the aforementioned pieces. The main one consisted in searching for or finding fabrics with an area density as low as possible, for example of the order of 25 to 100 grams / m2, by various means, namely - by reducing the thickness: glass fabrics
relatively thin can actually be
impregnated to obtain very fine "skins", but their
manipulation or treatment is particularly delicate,
in any case for a single layer laminate - by reducing the titer of the constituent threads of the fabric,
but such wires are generally expensive, which makes them
excluded for mass production - using relatively fine threads woven according to
a tight texture: the deformability of fabrics
thus obtained is poor, which hinders their use for
molding operations, in particular under pressure and
temperature ; and their weaving costs relatively more
expensive - and finally, using relatively large wires, or
having a relatively high linear density, but
woven in an open texture: such fabrics
have significant porosity due to
the spacing of the constituent wires, which leads after
impregnation to porous parts, with many
craters per unit area; to limit or
remove these, you must either overload the fabric
impregnation resin, or place in the mold a
fine finish fabric, or still proceed to
finishing operations such as puttying and / or
sanding.
La présente invention s'intéresse néanmoins à cette dernière voie d'allégement des tissus techniques. The present invention is nevertheless concerned with this last way of lightening technical fabrics.
Ces derniers comprennent à cet effet et de manière générale, un entrecroisement de structure constitué de fils de renforcement, ayant individuellement à la fois une masse linéique ou titre relativement élevé et au moins une propriété dynamométrique de valeur relativement importante ; et ces fils délimitent entre eux des interstices relativement larges, dits primaires pour les besoins de l'exposé ci-après.The latter include for this purpose and in general, a structure interlacing consisting of reinforcing wires, individually having both a relatively high linear mass or titer and at least one dynamometric property of relatively large value; and these wires delimit between them relatively large interstices, called primary for the purposes of the description below.
Et l'invention a pour objet de remédier aux inconvénients de tels tissus allégés. Plus précisément, l'invention a pour objet un tissu technique tel que précédemment défini, présentant un taux de vide relativement faible ou un taux de couverture relativement important, dont l'entrecroisement de structure est préservé, et pouvant être obtenu par un tissage traditionnel. The object of the invention is to remedy the drawbacks of such lightened fabrics. More specifically, the subject of the invention is a technical fabric as defined above, having a relatively low void rate or a relatively high coverage rate, the interlacing of the structure of which is preserved, and which can be obtained by traditional weaving.
Selon l'invention, à partir de l'entrecroisement de structure défini précédemment, des fils de remplissage sont ajoutés en chaîne et/ou en trame dudit entrecroisement, de manière à combler substantiellement les interstices primaires existant entre les fils de renforcement, et délimiter avec ces derniers des interstices secondaires relativement étroits. Les fils de remplissage ont individuellement une tenue mécanique inférieure à celle d'au moins une partie, sinon la totalité des fils de renforcement ; ils sont composés de fibres ordonnées, notamment alignées dans la direction des fils de remplissage ; et ils ont une masse volumique apparente inférieure à celle d'au moins une partie des fils de renforcement. According to the invention, from the structural interlacing defined above, filling wires are added in warp and / or in the weft of said interlacing, so as to substantially fill the primary interstices existing between the reinforcing wires, and delimit with the latter relatively narrow secondary gaps. The filling threads individually have a mechanical strength lower than that of at least a part, if not all of the reinforcing threads; they are composed of ordered fibers, in particular aligned in the direction of the filling threads; and they have an apparent density lower than that of at least part of the reinforcing threads.
Au sens de l'invention, les fils de remplissage au moins, peuvent être des filés, rubans, mèches, ou tous autres assemblages de grande longueur, obtenus par filature, à partir de fibres continues, à savoir des filaments, ou discontinues. Within the meaning of the invention, the filling yarns at least can be yarns, ribbons, rovings, or any other assemblies of great length, obtained by spinning, from continuous fibers, namely filaments, or discontinuous.
Grâce à l'invention, on obtient un tissu technique présentant un taux maximum de couverture, ou un taux minimum de vide, tout en demeurant dans des masses surfaciques relativement faibles, par exemple de l'ordre de 150 à 400 g/m2. La déformabilité d'un tissu selon l'invention peut être maintenue, nonobstant la plus grande concentration de fils, en adoptant une armure appropriée, par exemple dite "Serge 2/2", ou un satin de 4. Thanks to the invention, a technical fabric is obtained having a maximum coverage rate, or a minimum void rate, while remaining in relatively low surface masses, for example of the order of 150 to 400 g / m2. The deformability of a fabric according to the invention can be maintained, notwithstanding the greatest concentration of threads, by adopting an appropriate weave, for example called "Serge 2/2", or a satin of 4.
La présente invention présente encore les caractéristiques suivantes - la masse volumique apparente d'au moins une partie des
fils de remplissage est inférieure à 1,45 g/cm3, et
notamment inférieur à 1,27 g/cm3 - au moins une partie des fils de remplissage présente une
résistance à la flamme relativement importante,
c'est-à-dire en préservant pour l'essentiel son
intégrité, et/ou un caractère substantiellement
ininflammable ; préférentiellement, ces fils de
remplissage ont une résistance au feu, classée Mo ou M1
selon les normes françaises - au moins une partie des fibres constitutives des fils de
remplissage est de nature organique, et consiste
notamment en une résine de synthèse, par exemple un
polymère phénolique tel que novolaque ou résole, ou
végétale, ou animale, notamment de la laine - au moins une partie des fils de remplissage est
susceptible d'adhérer avec une résine d'imprégnation
thermodurcissable ou thermoplastique, en vue d'obtenir
des articles tels que définis précédemment, stratifiés
et/ou composites, ou de manière intermédiaire des
préimprégnés avec une résine thermodurcissable ou
thermoplastique - au moins une partie des fils de remplissage a un titre
au plus égal à 200 tex - au moins une partie des fils de remplissage a une
largeur au moins égale à 0,4 mm - les fils de renforcement sont composés de fibres dont au
moins un matériau constitutif est choisi parmi les
matériaux suivants, à savoir carbone, verre, silice et
aramide - les fils de renforcement et les fils de remplissage
ainsi que le mode de tissage sont choisis pour ménager
des interstices secondaires, dont la dimension
transversale est au plus égale à 0,9 mm, et est comprise
entre 0,1 et 0,9 mm - pour un article stratifié obtenu selon l'invention, le
pourcentage pondéral de la résine est au moins égal
à 30 %, par rapport au poids total dudit article.The present invention also has the following characteristics - the apparent density of at least part of the
filling wires is less than 1.45 g / cm3, and
in particular less than 1.27 g / cm3 - at least part of the filling wires have a
relatively high flame resistance,
that is to say by essentially preserving its
integrity, and / or substantially
non-flammable; preferentially, these sons of
filling have fire resistance, classified Mo or M1
according to French standards - at least part of the fibers making up the yarns
filling is organic in nature, and consists
in particular in a synthetic resin, for example a
phenolic polymer such as novolak or resole, or
vegetable or animal, in particular wool - at least part of the filling threads is
likely to adhere with an impregnating resin
thermosetting or thermoplastic, in order to obtain
articles as defined above, laminated
and / or composites, or in an intermediate way
prepregs with thermosetting resin or
thermoplastic - at least part of the filling threads has a count
at most 200 tex - at least some of the filling yarns have a
width at least equal to 0.4 mm - the reinforcing threads are composed of fibers of which
at least one constituent material is chosen from among
following materials, namely carbon, glass, silica and
aramid - reinforcing threads and filling threads
as well as the weaving mode are chosen to spare
secondary interstices, whose dimension
transverse is at most equal to 0.9 mm, and is included
between 0.1 and 0.9 mm - for a laminated article obtained according to the invention, the
weight percentage of the resin is at least equal
30%, relative to the total weight of the said article.
La présente invention est maintenant décrite par rapport au dessin annexé, dans lequel - la figure 1 représente un tissu technique conforme à
l'art antérieur - et la figure 2 représente, de manière comparative, un
tissu technique selon l'invention.The present invention is now described with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which - Figure 1 shows a technical fabric according to
the prior art - and Figure 2 shows, in a comparative manner, a
technical fabric according to the invention.
Conformément à la figure 1, on est en présence d'un tissu technique hybride verre-carbone, de masse surfacique voisine de 175 g/m2, destiné à être imprégné ou préimprégné avec une résine phénolique. Selon une armure de type taffetas, ce tissu technique consiste en un entrecroisement de fils de renforcement 21 et 22, ayant individuellement à la fois une masse linéique relativement forte et au moins une propriété dynamométrique, telle que résistance à la traction, de valeur relativement importante. Ces fils de renforcement sont - des fils de carbone 21, disposés en chaîne et en trame,
ayant un titre de 200 tex et une densité de 145 fils/m - des fils de verre 22, plus nombreux que les fils 21 de
carbone, disposés en chaîne et en trame, ayant un titre
de 136 tex, et présents selon une densité de 430 fils/m.In accordance with FIG. 1, we are in the presence of a glass-carbon hybrid technical fabric, with a surface mass close to 175 g / m 2, intended to be impregnated or prepreg with a phenolic resin. According to a taffeta-type weave, this technical fabric consists of an interlacing of reinforcing threads 21 and 22, having individually both a relatively strong linear mass and at least one dynamometric property, such as tensile strength, of relatively large value. . These reinforcing threads are - carbon 21 threads, arranged in warp and weft,
having a titer of 200 tex and a density of 145 threads / m - glass threads 22, more numerous than the threads 21 of
carbon, arranged in warp and weft, having a title
of 136 tex, and present at a density of 430 threads / m.
Pour des fils 21 de carbone, ayant une largeur de l'ordre de 1,1 mm et des fils de verre 22 ayant une largeur de 0,7 mm, et pour chaque séquence de quatre fils, soit sur une surface d'environ 50 mm2 (comme représenté à la figure 1), on peut dénombrer seize trous ou interstices primaires 4, rectangulaires, de 0,4 à 0,8 mm de côté. Dans ces conditions, le tissu technique selon figure 1, et conforme à l'art antérieur, présente un taux de couverture d'environ 75 %. For carbon threads 21, having a width of the order of 1.1 mm and glass threads 22 having a width of 0.7 mm, and for each sequence of four threads, ie over an area of approximately 50 mm2 (as shown in Figure 1), we can count sixteen primary holes or interstices 4, rectangular, 0.4 to 0.8 mm side. Under these conditions, the technical fabric according to FIG. 1, and in accordance with the prior art, has a coverage rate of approximately 75%.
Au cours du durcissement de la résine imprégnant le tissu selon figure 1, la viscosité de ladite résine diminue fortement et la tension superficielle conduit celle-ci à se regrouper préférentiellement autour des fils 21 et 22, en laissant apparaître à la surface de la pièce de nombreuses porosités. A titre d'exemple, après durcissement, on peut observer de 25 à 40 cratères/cm2, ayant chacun un diamètre compris entre 0,08 mm et 0,5 mm. During the hardening of the resin impregnating the fabric according to FIG. 1, the viscosity of said resin decreases sharply and the surface tension leads it to gather preferentially around the wires 21 and 22, leaving appear on the surface of the workpiece. numerous porosities. By way of example, after hardening, 25 to 40 craters / cm 2 can be observed, each having a diameter of between 0.08 mm and 0.5 mm.
Conformément à la figure 2, c'est-à-dire selon l'invention, en partant du même entrecroisement que celui décrit à la figure 1, des fils 3 de remplissage sont ajoutés à la fois en chaîne et en trame de l'entrecroisement de structure, de manière à combler substantiellement les interstices primaires, et délimiter avec les fils de renforcement 21 et 22 des interstices secondaires 5 relativement étroits. Ces fils de remplissage 3 répondent aux caractéristiques suivantes - ils sont constitués par des fibres d'un polymère
phénolique, par exemple novolaque, ayant intrinsèquement
une tenue mécanique inférieure à celle des fils 21 et 22
de carbone et de verre respectivement - ces fils 3 sont composés de fibres ordonnées, continues
ou discontinues, et notamment alignées selon la
direction des fils 3 - la masse volumique apparente de ces fils, par exemple de
l'ordre de 1,27 g/cm3, est inférieure à celle des fils 21
et 22, et plus précisément représente la moitié de celle
des fils de verre 21 et les deux tiers de celle des fils
de carbone 22 - le titre de ces fils de remplissage est par exemple de
l'ordre de 50 tex, avec une largeur apparente de ces
même fils de 0,7 à 0,75 mm.In accordance with FIG. 2, that is to say according to the invention, starting from the same interlacing as that described in FIG. 1, filling wires 3 are added both in warp and in weft of the interlacing of structure, so as to substantially fill the primary interstices, and delimit with the reinforcing wires 21 and 22 relatively narrow secondary interstices 5. These filling wires 3 have the following characteristics - they are made up of fibers of a polymer
phenolic, for example novolak, having intrinsically
mechanical strength lower than that of wires 21 and 22
carbon and glass respectively - these 3 yarns are composed of ordered, continuous fibers
or discontinuous, and in particular aligned according to the
direction of the wires 3 - the apparent density of these wires, for example of
the order of 1.27 g / cm3, is lower than that of the wires 21
and 22, and more precisely represents half that
glass strands 21 and two-thirds of that of the strands
carbon 22 - the title of these filling wires is for example
around 50 tex, with an apparent width of these
same wires from 0.7 to 0.75 mm.
Dans ces conditions, et comme représenté à la figure 2, on obtient des interstices secondaires 5, rectangulaires, de 0,2 à 0,3 mm de côté, ce qui permet d'obtenir un taux de couverture proche de 90 t. Under these conditions, and as shown in FIG. 2, secondary rectangular interstices 5 are obtained, 0.2 to 0.3 mm on a side, which makes it possible to obtain a coverage rate close to 90 t.
L'augmentation de masse surfacique du tissu selon l'invention, représentée à la figure 2, est de l'ordre de 55 g/m2, par rapport au tissu technique selon figure 1.The increase in surface mass of the fabric according to the invention, represented in FIG. 2, is of the order of 55 g / m2, compared to the technical fabric according to FIG. 1.
Dans les mêmes conditions d'imprégnation que celles utilisées pour un tissu selon figure 1, le nombre de cratères de la pièce finie se trouve réduit de 3 à 5 par cm2, et chaque cratère a un diamètre moyen ne dépassant pas 0,3 mm. Under the same impregnation conditions as those used for a fabric according to FIG. 1, the number of craters of the finished part is reduced from 3 to 5 per cm 2, and each crater has an average diameter not exceeding 0.3 mm.
Dans ces conditions, le travail de finition, tel que peinture, se trouve considérablement simplifié, ce qui représente un gain de temps appréciable. Et, toujours pour cette finition, il n'est point besoin d'ajouter un tissu de finition ou des enduits. Under these conditions, the finishing work, such as painting, is considerably simplified, which represents an appreciable saving of time. And, always for this finish, there is no need to add a finishing fabric or coatings.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9307817A FR2706913A1 (en) | 1993-06-22 | 1993-06-22 | Industrial fabric having a high covering rate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9307817A FR2706913A1 (en) | 1993-06-22 | 1993-06-22 | Industrial fabric having a high covering rate |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2706913A1 true FR2706913A1 (en) | 1994-12-30 |
Family
ID=9448603
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9307817A Pending FR2706913A1 (en) | 1993-06-22 | 1993-06-22 | Industrial fabric having a high covering rate |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2706913A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE1009448A3 (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1997-03-04 | Uco Technical Fabrics N V | Light filter screen |
EP0885990A1 (en) * | 1997-04-03 | 1998-12-23 | Krall & Roth Weberei GmbH & Co. KG | Textile fabric with network structure |
FR3084088A1 (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-01-24 | Safran | FIBROUS TEXTURE FOR HOUSING IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL WITH IMPROVED IMPACT RESISTANCE |
FR3084089A1 (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-01-24 | Safran | FIBROUS TEXTURE FOR HOUSING IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL WITH IMPROVED SHEAR RESISTANCE |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR70244E (en) * | 1956-05-31 | 1959-03-25 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Improvements in the manufacture of surface metallized bodies |
EP0302989A2 (en) * | 1987-08-13 | 1989-02-15 | Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd. | Woven fabric for fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin laminates |
FR2622767A1 (en) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-12 | Seramac Sarl | Cloth intended for draining or pressing pressed cheeses |
-
1993
- 1993-06-22 FR FR9307817A patent/FR2706913A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR70244E (en) * | 1956-05-31 | 1959-03-25 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Improvements in the manufacture of surface metallized bodies |
EP0302989A2 (en) * | 1987-08-13 | 1989-02-15 | Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd. | Woven fabric for fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin laminates |
FR2622767A1 (en) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-12 | Seramac Sarl | Cloth intended for draining or pressing pressed cheeses |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE1009448A3 (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1997-03-04 | Uco Technical Fabrics N V | Light filter screen |
EP0885990A1 (en) * | 1997-04-03 | 1998-12-23 | Krall & Roth Weberei GmbH & Co. KG | Textile fabric with network structure |
FR3084088A1 (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-01-24 | Safran | FIBROUS TEXTURE FOR HOUSING IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL WITH IMPROVED IMPACT RESISTANCE |
FR3084089A1 (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-01-24 | Safran | FIBROUS TEXTURE FOR HOUSING IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL WITH IMPROVED SHEAR RESISTANCE |
WO2020021185A1 (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-01-30 | Safran | Fiber texture for a casing made of composite material with improved impact resistance |
WO2020021184A1 (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-01-30 | Safran | Fiber texture for a casing made of composite material with improved shear resistance |
CN112513352A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2021-03-16 | 赛峰集团 | Fiber texture for shear strength enhanced shells made from composite materials |
CN112601849A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2021-04-02 | 赛峰集团 | Fiber texture for impact-resistant enhanced housings made from composite materials |
US11549400B2 (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2023-01-10 | Safran | Fiber texture for a casing made of composite material with improved shear resistance |
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