FR2703983A1 - Automatic, pendulum-type pressure system with pistons and flared (trumpet-type) shafts for transferring products (powders, liquids, granulates, concretes, etc.) - Google Patents

Abstract

This consists of two identical, twinned pressure units with a half-phase difference between them. Each unit includes two chambers No. 7 and No. 22 fastened together, superposed and inverted. Each chamber includes a conical recess (angle at the apex of the cone of 90 DEG ) on which an inlet orifice for the product is provided. The first chamber No. 7 has a second orifice (outlet orifice) which communicates with the inlet orifice of the second chamber No. 22. Inside the chambers are flared shafts (angle at the apex of the cone of 90 DEG ) No. 8 and No. 23 which are different from each other and serve for closing and opening the respective chambers No. 7 and No. 22. Product is admitted via the piston No. 3 manoeuvred by means of the ram (jack) No. 1 when the chamber No. 7 is open and the chamber No. 22 is closed, pressure being created by the piston No. 3 when the chamber No. 7 is closed and the chamber No. 22 is open. The shafts No. 8 and No. 23 are manoeuvred by the respective rams No. 16 and No. 25. Dispensing is regulated by dispensers 3/2 with mechanical control and sprung return for the limits of travel and by dispensers 5/2 with pneumatic control for controlling the rams (the rams are all dual effect rams). The springs No. 11 serve for maintaining contact between the flared shafts and their seat.

Description

CONSTITUTION OF THE SYSTEM
DRAWING N 1
The system consists of a set of two paired groups, the two groups are identical offset or out of phase with each other by half in their distribution, in order to have a continuous film at the outlet of the reprocessed product.

 Each group consists of two chambers or corp N 7 and N 22, each having a conical recess (angle or apex of the cone 90), on which is provided a product inlet (in its upper part).

 The first chamber N 7 comprises in addition to the arrival port of the product, another outlet of the product in the lower part of its recess.

Inside the rooms are housed the corresponding trumpet axes
N08 and N023.

 The two trumpet axes are different from each other (see drawing N 3).

The N 8 axis is operated by the N 16 cylinder via the crank
N 15 having an N key 14 on the N axis 8.

The N axis 23 is maneuvered by the N 25 cylinder via the crank
N 24 also having a key immobilizing in rotation on the axis N 23.

 The axes N08 and N 23 are kept in permanent contact in their corresponding seats N07 and N02 by means of the bearing springs N 11.

 The stops N 10 absorb the frictions brightened by the constant pressure of the support springs.

N 12 nuts and nuts ensure the axial locking of the assembly
mounted on each axis and make it possible to adjust the bearing pressure of the springs N 11.

The two chambers (7 and 22) are assembled together and inverted one
compared to the other of 180.

They are fixed by 4 bolts with a watertight seal N 27 between their faces
assembly.

The outlet of the chamber N 7 communicates directly dan @ the orifice
from the 2nd bedroom (N 22).

In the front part of the 1st chamber N 7 is fixed the piston assembly and
verin N 3 and N 2 ensure the intake and discharge of the product.

 The seal N 4 ensures tightness between the chamber N 7 and the piston N 3.

In front of the second chamber N 22 is fixed a discharge cap N 17.

A sealing gasket N 20 is placed between the chamber N 22 and the chaperau N017.

 The N 17 cap is connected to the N 18 discharge manifold of the same shape as the N06 intake manifold.

 The collector N 18 connects the two (2) N 22 discharge chambers.

 The collector N06 connects the two chambers N 7 intake.

 The joints N 5 and 19 ensure the sealing between manifolds and inlet and discharge pipes.

 Grease nipples N 9 and N029 lubricate N 8 and N 23.

 The dispensing cylinders N 16 and N 25 are fixed oscillating on the support N 28.

 The support N028 is fixed by 4 bolts on the second chamber N 22. on the crank N 15 is mounted an unnumbered stop, used to actuate the distributors (o) and (a) during the oscillation of the crank N015.

On the crank N 24 is mounted another non-numerical stop for operating the valves (e) and (f) during the oscillations of the crank
N 24.

 At the end of the axis of the cylinder N 1 is against an abutment N 2 serving to actuate the distributors (a) and (b) during the outputs and rod entries of the cylinder N 1.

In the pneumatic diagram N04 we can notice the presence of Three (3) distributors (A) and (B) and (C) which are not indicated in the overall drawing
N 1. Their location does not affect the operation
- The distributor '(X) serves to control the two (2) cylinders N01.

- The distributor (B) serves to control the cylinder N 1G
- The distributor (C) serves to control the cylinder N 25.

- The distributors (A) (B) and (C) are distributors 5/2 to
pneumatic control.

- Distributors (a, b, c, d, e, and f) are distributors
3/2 pneumatic tires with mechanical control and spring return.

- (A) is controlled by (d and f)
- (B) is controlled by (a and e)
- (C) is controlled by (b and c).

 We can also notice (in diagram 4) the presence of an isolation valve, a filter and the air duct.

 The trumpet shafts of the 2nd discharge unit are operated by the N03O rods, which transmit the output and input movements of the rods of the distribution cylinders 11016 and 25.

 The two groups of repression are assembled by bolts between their joined face.

 The set of both groups is fixed by bolts on hunt N 21.

 The cranks and connecting rods form a deformable parallelogram on each side of the axes.

REMARKS /
This delivery system is presented here (pneumatic version) only for the sake of a better understanding of the operation and to report the accuracy of the prototype.

 In other words, this system is much more efficient in hydraulic version (hydraulic cylinder).

 And the use of hydraulic relays make it simpler and less cumbersome.

 On the other hand the air is compressible and the drawbacks related to it are known (the speed of crimped and retracted cylinder rod changes with the applied force) without forgetting the unpleasant escape of the air.

 It must also be said that there is a great working analogy between the two versions and I suppose for the moment that it is essential.

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
Bronch the product inlet manifold, ZD6 with the supply tubing of the reserve product (silos, tanks, piping) take care to put a seal on the top cap of manifold N Ó.

 Bronch the discharge manifold N018 with the discharge pipe (flexible or metal pipe).

 Bronch the air supply with the source of compressed air (compressor or network).

 The product to be discharged arrives through the upper tubing (orifice) of chamber N07.

 When the isolating valve indicated in figure N 4 is opened, the rod of the cylinder N025 (see diagram N 5) will enter and the inlet orifice of the product of the 2nd chamber N022 will close.

 The maneuver of the N 25 cylinder was controlled by the distributor (b).

 When the rod of the N 25 cylinder is fully returned, the distributor (e) is actuated and it will trigger the output of the rod of the N cylinder 16 which will cause the opening of the inlet of the first chamber N 7 .

 At the end of the race of the stem outlet of the cylinder N 16, the distributor (d) will be actuated and, it will trigger the retraction of rod of the cylinder N 1, which is simply the admission of the product in the first chamber N 7 .

 So the product is now in the 1st chamber, when the rod of the cylinder N 1 is fully retracted, the distributor (a) is actuated, it will cause the retraction of the stem of the cylinder N 16 which gives us the closing of the orifice of the first room N 7.

 When the rod of the N016 cylinder is fully retracted, the distributor (c) 3/2 is actuated, it will cause the rod output of the M025 cylinder which will realize the opening of the product inlet of the 2nd chamber N022.

 The rod output of the N025 cylinder will actuate the end of the dispenser (f).

 Which will in turn trigger the output rod of the cylinder N 1 and it is the repression of the product.

 The cycle will resume again as soon as the distributor (b) is actuated by the rod end of the cylinder N 1.

 The principle of operation given previously is specific to the first group (view cut off drawing N 1) the 2nd group works in the same way but if it is shifted by half compared to the 1st group. That is to say, when the rod of the N 16 cylinder is retracted, it carries out the closing of the inlet orifice of the first chamber of the first group and the opening of the admission orifice of the 1st chamber of the 2nd group.

When the. rod of erin N 16 had exit, it realizes the opening of the orifice
admission of the first chamber of the group and closure of the orificie
admission of the 1st chamber of the 2nd group.

It is the same of the cylinder N 25, which commands him the openings and the
closures (crossed) of the admission ports of the second chambers N 22 of the
1st and 2nd group.

 The connection of the 5/2 distributor (A) (see diagram N04) is made in such a way that the two control cylinders N01 of the two pistons (3) operate in opposite directions with respect to each other. is when the rod of one goes out, the rod of the other jack is going back and vice versa.

 Which also means when one of the two pistons is in the other and in the back.

 Diagram N05 gives us the six (6) phases of the cycle, the elements represented dark in each phase, representing the change of position from one phase to another.

 The start and stop of the system are controlled by the isolating valve indicated in pneumatic diagram N0 4.

DETERMINATION OF THE ANGLES OF REGISTRATION OF THE ADMISSION ORIFICES PRODUCT:
The distribution change cranks N 15 and N024 must oscillate in an angle of 90 so that the outlets and retracts of the rods of the corresponding cylinders N 16 and N025 do not force on the trumpet axes N08 and N023 (see diagram N 02).

 This means that the inlet ports must be inscribed in a CX (frontal) angle of 900.

 Only, closing safety angles must be provided so that the tightness is perfect between the two circuits (intake and discharge).

 This safety angle is set at 10 on either side of the orifice.

 Danc angle α is reduced by 200 and then takes the value 900 - 200 = 700 so, α = -70 (see drawing N03).

 Intake ports are determined by two angles (α in the frontal direction) and angle # in the direction of conicity.

 Let's now determine the angle # (drawing N 3) in the triangle OMM '(front view).

We have
CM '= Sin # = CM' 2
CM '= R Sin #
2
In the triangle OPT (top view of the drawing N 3) we have CT = OP = R (isosceles right triangle)

d'où

Which give

from where

In the intake ports of rooms N07 and N22 as well as
those trumpet axes N 23 are inscribed in the reference angles = 700 and Q = 600.

The two trumpet axes 1108 (see drawing N 3) do not have orifices, they are cleared on the rest of the conical flanks so as not to
interfere with the exit of the product through the lower exit hole of the 1st
room N 7 (seven)
They consist of a conical sector of 900 arc and the angle to
summit of the cone is of course 900.

The arc of 900 of the conical sector, is consequent to the angle of oscillation
cranks which is also 900.

The inlet ports of the chambers are identical in shape and
dimension.

DETERMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN (L) AND (1)
DRAWING N 2
Let (L) be the output length of the rods of the distribution jacks
N016 and N025.

Let (1) be the length of the cranks (length between axes). In the
triangle rectangle odo ', the Sin of angle α / 2 is equal to:

From where

Knowing that α = 90 so

We can say that L> 1
DETERMINATION OF THE SUPPORT STRENGTH OF SPRINGS N 11:
Let (S) the section of the orifices as it is represented in the drawing
N03 of trumpet axis N023.

 When the chambers are closed, the product to be discharged (into the inlet tubing of the product of each chamber) exerts pressure on the conical sides of the trumpet axes which close off the orifices of the corresponding shrouds.

This pressure is ~ terminated by the BERNOULLI equation
P = (P is the average pressure applied at the center of the orifice) h = height of the volume of the product from each orifice (center of the orifice) of each chamber to the surface of the product G push back into its reservoir initial (h is therefore different from the Aere to the 2nd chamber)
The force exerted on the conical sides of the trumpet axes is: PS
F has its point of application which is located 2/3 of the height (in the vertical direction) of the orifice of the chamber.

This force F is the result of two other forces,
F1, and F2 exerted on the axis.

F1 tends to take him off his seat and break the ignition.

It is directed in the sesns of the horizontal axis.

 tends to bend the trumpet axis, it is directed vertically.

 CT is therefore Fl that interests us.

The force F has its direction perpendicular to the flanks of the axis (conical flanks). The flanks of the trumpet axes have their angle at the apex of 900, which gives us one graphically decomposing the fbrce F an isosceles right triangle whose | F | is the hypotenuse.

d'où

So | F | is legal ;

from where

So the bearing force of spring N 11 must be much greater than | F1 | .R zarques:
1 / - Trumpet axis N 08 of the 1st group and trumpet axis N 8 of the 2nd group have their keyway offset from each other by 90 to allow the phase shift of half between the two throws chambers 2 groups.

 20 / - The trumpet axis N023 of the 1st group and the trumpet axis N 23 of the 2nd group have their keyway offset from each other 90 degree angle to allow the phase shift of half between the 2nd chambers of two groups.

 30 / - The cylinders N 16 and N025 must be connected to their respective control distributors (B and C) by means of hoses and not by metal piping because during their operation, they cause oscillation.

40 / - The trumpet shafts must undergo during their manufacture a final burn-in operation in the seat of their respective chamber (this is a so-called wedding operation),
50 / - There is an automatic catch-up because the springs N 11 of the play caused by the wear of the trumpet shafts and their seat during the operation.

 6 / - The tightness of the system is perfect and absolute. The inlet is isolated from the discharge circuit, it admits the highest utiliaticn pressures whatever the nature of the product to repress it has no dynamic seal and therefore no leakage. (Exeunt the piston seal).

 7 / - If the system is intended for the discharge of product exhibiting a certain polymerization during discharge (Concrete, some powders ect ....) it is recommended to provide the mounting of the N 3 and collector cap N017, mounting and quick disassembly or opening so as to allow cleaning inside the rooms at the end of work.

 Their shape (front of the piston N 3 and the flaring of the collector N 17) must also be modified so as to avoid the zones of turbulence or pockets which can hinder the normal flow of the product.

 The chambers aJ 7 and N 22 may be provided and machined in one and the same block, or two assembled blocks. In the latter case, one of the two blocks will comprise all the rooms N 7 and the second block will comprise the rooms N 22.

LEGEND OF PARTS (for two groups)

<tb> Numbers <SEP> D <SEP><SEP> s <SEP> i <SEP> g <SEP> n <SEP> a <SEP> t <SEP> i <SEP> o <SEP> n
<tb><SEP> 1 <SEP> 2Verin <SEP> to <SEP> double <SEP><SEP> effect of <SEP><SEP> command of <SEP><SEP> pistons! <September>
<tb><SEP> 2 <SEP> 1 <SEP> Butt <SEP> SEP <SEP> operation <SEP> distributors <SEP> and <SEP> (SEP) <SEP >
<tb><SEP> 3 <SEP> 2 <SEP> Set <SEP> piston
<tb><SEP> 4 <SEP> 2 <SEP> Seal <SEP> Watertight
<tb><SEP> 5 <SEP> 2 <SEP> Seal <SEP> Watertight
<tb><SEP> 6 <SEP> 1 <SEP> Admission manifold <SEP>
<tb><SEP> 7 <SEP> 2 <SEP> Corp <SEP> of <SEP> admission <SEP> room
<tb><SEP> 8 <SEP> 2 <SEP> | <SEP> axis <SEP> trumpet <SEP> of <SEP> the <SEP> 1st <SEP> chamber <SEP>
<tb><SEP> 9 <SEP> 2 <SEP> i <SEP>
<tb><SEP> 10 <SEP> 4 <SEP> Stop
<tb><SEP> 11 <SEP> 4 <SEP> Support <SEP> spring
<tb><SEP> 12 <SEP> i <SEP> 8 <SEP> Nut <SEP> and <SEP> vs <SEP> Nut
<tb><SEP> 13 <SEP>! <SEP> 8 <SEP> Washer <SEP> i
<tb><SEP> 14 <SEP> | <SEP> 4 <SEP> Key <SEP> I
<tb><SEP> 15 <SEP> 2 <SEP>SEP> crank <SEP><SEP>SEP><SEP> N 8
<tb><SEP> 16 <SEP> 1 <SEP> Verin <SEP> double <SEP> effect <SEP> of <SEP> maneuver <SEP> of <SEP> axes <SEP> N 8
<tb><SEP> 17 <SEP> 2 <SEP><SEP> Hat of <SEP> Discharge
<tb> 18 <SEP> 1 <SEP><SEP> Collector of <SEP> Discharge
<tb><SEP> 19 <SEP> 2 <SEP> Seal <SEP> Watertight
<tb><SEP> 20 <SEP> 2 <SEP> Seal <SEP> seal <SEP><SEP>!<September>
<tb><SEP> 1 <SEP> Chassi
<tb><SEP> 22 <SEP> 2 <SEP> Corp <SEP> of <SEP> chamber <SEP> of <SEP> backflow <SEP> (2nd <SEP> chamber) <SEP> I
<tb><SEP> 23 <SEP> 2 <SEP> X <SEP><SEP> Trumpet <SEP> Axis of <SEP><SEP> 2nd <SEP><SEP> I Chamber
<tb><SEP> 24 <SEP> 2 <SEP> | <SEP> Crank <SEP> of <SEP> Maneuver <SEP> of <SEP> Axes <SEP> N 23 <SEP>
<tb><SEP> 25 <SEP> 1 <SEP> | <SEP> Verin <SEP> to <SEP> double <SEP> effect <SEP> of <SEP> operation of <SEP> axes <SEP> N <SEP> 23
<tb><SEP> 26 <SEP> | <SEP> 2 <SEP> | <SEP> Support <SEP> intermediate <SEP> between <SEP> verin <SEP> and <SEP> piston
<tb><SEP> 27 <SEP> 2 <SEP> Seal <SEP> Watertight
<tb><SEP> 28 <SEP> | <SEP> 1 <SEP><SEP> Support <SEP> of <SEP> fixation <SEP> of <SEP> targets <SEP> N016 <SEP> and <SEP> 25
<tb> 29 <SEP> 2 <SEP> Oiler <SEP> of <SEP> axes <SEP> N 23
<tb> 30 <SEP> 2 <SEP> Link <SEP> intermediate <SEP> between <SEP> le <SEP> and <SEP> 2nd <SEP> group.
<Tb>

Claims (7)

R E V E N D I C A T IO N S 1 / - Pendulum system for the discharge of products characterized in that it  has a set of two twinned groups of which each group is made up  two chambers or body N 7 and N22 each having an inner recess  conical (angle at the top of the cone 90 *) and on which is provided an orifice  arrival of the product in the upper part.  The chamber N 7 comprises in addition to the arrival port of the product another  outlet port of the product in its lower part of its recess.  Inside chambers N 7 and N 22 are housed respectively the axes  trumpets N 8 and 23 for the opening and closing of rooms  corresponding.  The two rooms are superimposed and communicate with each other through an orifice,  On the front part of chamber N07 is fixed the piston and cylinder assembly  (N 3 and N 2) ensuring the admission and discharge of the product.  At the front of the chamber N22 is fixed a delivery cap N 17 serving  to the connection of the continuation of the discharge pipe.  The tightness between rooms, collectors and hats is obtained by joints.  The axes N8 and 23 are maneuvered respectively by the cylinders N * 16 and No25  via the hand crank N'1 5 and N24. They are kept in touch  standing in their respective seats by springs N11. The support effort  springs '11 is adjustable by the whole nut and against. nut N 12.  The trumpet axes of the 2nd push-back group are maneuvered by the balls  N-30 and mounted so as to have a phase shift of half between the two groups  in their distribution.  The whole control of the distribution of the cylinders giving the cycle is  regulated by distributors.  Both groups are connected by inlet and outlet manifolds  with two branches. 2 / - Delivery system according to claim (1) characterized in that all  the control elements are provided in hydraulic version. 3 / - Delivery system according to claim (1) or claim (2)  characterized in that the cycle is obtained by control elements  equivalents reproducing the same operating cycle. (Séquenseurs). 4 / - Delivery system according to any one of the preceding claims  characterized in that all chambers (N 7 and N 22) are  planned and machined in the same block solidarity. 50 / - Delivery system according to claim (1) or claim (2)  or claim (3) characterized in that the chambers are provided  and machined in two assembled blocks, one of the two blocks will have all  rooms N07 and the second block will include all rooms N 22. 60 / - Delivery system according to any one of the preceding claims  characterized in that the cylinder and piston assembly are provided for disassembly and  fast editing. 70 / - Delivery system according to any one of the preceding claims  characterized in that the N 17 cap is provided for mounting and dismounting  fast.