FR2698782A1 - Cotylar cup component for hip joint replacement prosthesis - comprises hollow hemispherical body with peripheral collar at lower edge, including through hole insert at upper apex of internal cavity - Google Patents

Cotylar cup component for hip joint replacement prosthesis - comprises hollow hemispherical body with peripheral collar at lower edge, including through hole insert at upper apex of internal cavity Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2698782A1
FR2698782A1 FR9214831A FR9214831A FR2698782A1 FR 2698782 A1 FR2698782 A1 FR 2698782A1 FR 9214831 A FR9214831 A FR 9214831A FR 9214831 A FR9214831 A FR 9214831A FR 2698782 A1 FR2698782 A1 FR 2698782A1
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France
Prior art keywords
cup
collar
cap
acetabulum
internal cavity
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Granted
Application number
FR9214831A
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French (fr)
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FR2698782B3 (en
Inventor
Perol Henri
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BIOMECANIQUE INTEGREE
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BIOMECANIQUE INTEGREE
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Priority to FR9214831A priority Critical patent/FR2698782B3/en
Publication of FR2698782A1 publication Critical patent/FR2698782A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2698782B3 publication Critical patent/FR2698782B3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30721—Accessories
    • A61F2/30728—Collars; Bone edge protectors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • A61F2002/3412—Acetabular cups with pins or protrusions, e.g. non-sharp pins or protrusions projecting from a shell surface
    • A61F2002/3414—Polar protrusion, e.g. for centering two concentric shells
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • A61F2002/3429—Acetabular cups with an integral peripheral collar or flange, e.g. oriented away from the shell centre line
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2002/4631—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor the prosthesis being specially adapted for being cemented

Abstract

The socket is formed by an externally hemispherical cup (2) with an internal cavity (3) dimensioned to receive the spherical head (4) of a femoral prosthesis component. A collar (7) is located on the circular edge (8) of the open face of the cup, the external diameter of the collar being slightly greater than that of the cup. An insert (20) is located at the internal apex (9) of the cup cavity. The depth (h) of the insert is approximately equal to half the difference between the external diameters of the cup and the collar. A peripheral anchoring groove (21) is formed around the peripheral surface of the insert. ADVANTAGE - Improved centring of cup in bone orifice, giving greater security of anchorage.

Description

I a présente invention concerne les cotyles pour prothèses totales de hanche qui comprennent essentiellement une tête mâle de rotule de forme générale sphérique apte à coopérer avec un logement en creux semelle réalisé dans un cotyle implanté dans l'os iliaque du bassin et une patte supportant cette tête et apte à être implantée dans le fémur. The present invention relates to acetabular cups for total hip prostheses which essentially comprise a male ball head of generally spherical shape capable of cooperating with a hollow recess sole made in a acetabulum implanted in the iliac bone of the pelvis and a tab supporting this head and able to be implanted in the femur.

Il est bien connu que de nombreuses personnes souffrent de la hanche à cause d'une dégradation de l'articulation entre le fémur et l'os iliaque du bassin. Pour restaurer une telle articulation, les techniciells ont mis au point des prothèses totales de hanche. It is well known that many people suffer from the hip because of a deterioration of the joint between the femur and the iliac bone of the pelvis. To restore such a joint, the technicians have developed total hip prostheses.

Ces prothèses sont essentiellement constituées par une tête mâle de rotule de forme générale sphérique apte à coopérer avec un logement en creux constituant la partie femelle de la rotule, réalisé dans un cotyle qui est lui-même implanté dans l'os iliaque du bassin, une patte apte à être implantée dans le canal médullaire du fémur, et des moyens pour solidariser la tête avec la patte. These prostheses are essentially constituted by a male ball head of generally spherical shape able to cooperate with a hollow housing constituting the female part of the ball joint, produced in a cup which is itself implanted in the iliac bone of the pelvis, a leg capable of being implanted in the medullary canal of the femur, and means for securing the head to the leg.

Il existe de nombreux modes de réalisation de cotyles aptes à être implantés dans l'os iliaque. On peut citer notamment les cotyles du type "à anneau visse" qui se mettent en place par auto-taraudage dans l'os iliaque dans lequel a été réalisé un avant-trou, et les cotyles prévus pour être cimentés dans un orifice de dimensions déterminées réalisé dans l'os iliaque. There are many embodiments of acetabulum able to be implanted in the iliac bone. Mention may in particular be made of the acetabulum of the "screw ring" type which is put in place by self-tapping in the iliac bone in which a pilot hole has been made, and the acetabular cups intended to be cemented in an orifice of determined dimensions. performed in the iliac bone.

De plus en plus utilisée par les chirurgiens, cette seconde technique consiste en effet, en premier lieu, à réaliser, dans l'os iliaque, un orifice de forme sensiblement hémisphérique d'un diamètre supérieur à celui de la surface extérieure du cotyle qui doit y être implanté, de façon à délimiter, entre le cotyle mis en place et la paroi de l'orifice, une couronne hémisphérique d'épaisseur sensiblement constante si le cotyle est parfaitement centré dans l'orifice. Increasingly used by surgeons, this second technique consists, first of all, of producing, in the iliac bone, an orifice of substantially hemispherical shape with a diameter greater than that of the external surface of the acetabulum which must be installed there, so as to delimit, between the acetabulum in place and the wall of the orifice, a hemispherical crown of substantially constant thickness if the acetabulum is perfectly centered in the orifice.

Pour pouvoir obtenir le scellement du cotyle dans l'os iliaque, il est nécessaire, préalal~lemeílt à la mise en place du cotyle, de tapisser la paroi de l'orifice avec une quantité de ciment au moins égale au volume de la couronne hémisphérique définie ci-dessus. Lors de sa mise en place dans cet orifice, le cotyle comprime le ciment qui, théoriquement, se répartit autour de sa surface extérieure pour former une couche uniforme au contact de cette surface et de la paroi de l'orifice.  In order to be able to seal the acetabulum in the iliac bone, it is necessary, prior to the placement of the acetabulum, to line the wall of the orifice with an amount of cement at least equal to the volume of the hemispherical crown defined above. When it is placed in this orifice, the acetabulum compresses the cement which, theoretically, is distributed around its outer surface to form a uniform layer in contact with this surface and the wall of the orifice.

Avec la structure des cotyles de l'art antérieur, il est assez difficile d'obtenir une position du cotyle parfttitenient centrée dans l'oritice et donc une épaisseur de ciment uniforme. Le scellement du cotyle peut ainsi ne pas être fiable, ce qui est nuisible pour la durée de vie de l'implantation de la prothèse. With the structure of the acetabulum of the prior art, it is quite difficult to obtain a position of the acetabular cup centered in the opening and therefore a uniform thickness of cement. The sealing of the acetabulum may thus be unreliable, which is detrimental for the life of the implantation of the prosthesis.

La présente invention a ainsi pour but de réaliser un cotyle pour prothèse totale de hanche destiné à être scellé par ciment dans un orifice pratiqué dans ltos iliaque, dont la structure permette, par rapport à c elle des cotyles de prothèses à scellement par ciment selon l'art antérieur, d'obtenir un scellement du cotyle plus fiable, notamment en assurant un bon centrage du cotyle dans l'orifice. The object of the present invention is therefore to produce an acetabulum for total hip prosthesis intended to be sealed by cement in an orifice practiced in the iliac ileum, the structure of which allows, relative to that, acetabular cups of cement-sealed prostheses according to the 'prior art, to obtain a more reliable seal of the acetabulum, in particular by ensuring good centering of the acetabulum in the orifice.

Plus précisément, la présente invention a pour objet un cotyle pour prothèse totale de hanche, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte une calotte de forme extérieure générale sensiblement hémisphérique dans laquelle est réalisé un logement en creux pour recevoir la tête sphérique d'une tige de prothèse apte à être implantée dans le canal médullaire d'un fémur, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte en outre une collerette située sur le bord circulaire de ladite calotte hémisphérique, le diamètre extérieur de ladite collerette étant supérieur au diamètre de la surface extérieure de ladite calotte, et un téton situé sensiblement au pôle de ladite calotte. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cup for total hip prosthesis, characterized in that it comprises a cap of generally external hemispherical shape in which is formed a recessed housing for receiving the spherical head of a rod prosthesis capable of being implanted in the medullary canal of a femur, characterized in that it further comprises a collar located on the circular edge of said hemispherical cap, the outside diameter of said collar being greater than the diameter of the surface outside of said cap, and a stud located substantially at the pole of said cap.

Selon une autre caractéristique de la présente invention, la hauteur dudit téton est sensiblement égale à la demi-différence entre les valeurs des diamètres extérieurs de la calotte et de la collerette. According to another characteristic of the present invention, the height of said stud is substantially equal to the half-difference between the values of the outside diameters of the cap and of the flange.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaitront au cours de la description suivante donnée en regard du dessin annexé à titre illustratif mais nullement limitatif dans lequel:
La figure unique représente une vue de face d'un mode de réalisation d'un cotyle pour prothèse de hanche selon l'invention.Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear during the following description given with reference to the drawing annexed by way of illustration but in no way limitative in which:
The single figure shows a front view of an embodiment of a socket for hip prosthesis according to the invention.

I.a figure unique représente un cotyle I pour prothèse totale de hanche, comportant une calotte 2 de forme extérieure générale sensiblement hémisphérique dans laquelle est réalisé un logement en creux 3 pour recevoir la tête sphérique 4 d'une tige de prothèse 5 apte à être implantée dans le canal médullaire d'un fémur. Ia single figure represents a cup I for total hip prosthesis, comprising a cap 2 of generally outer hemispherical shape in which is formed a recess 3 to receive the spherical head 4 of a prosthesis rod 5 adapted to be implanted in the spinal canal of a femur.

Le cotyle comporte en outre une collerette 7, avantageusement de forme continue, située sur le bord circulaire 8 de la calotte hémisphérique, le diamètre extérieur de cette collerette 7 étant supérieur au diamètre de la surface extérieure 6, de forme sensiblement sphérique, de la calotte hémisphérique 2.  The cup further comprises a collar 7, advantageously of continuous shape, situated on the circular edge 8 of the hemispherical cap, the outside diameter of this collar 7 being greater than the diameter of the outer surface 6, of substantially spherical shape, of the cap hemispherical 2.

Il comporte en outre un téton 2() situé sensiblement au pôle 9 de la calotte 2, la hauteur "h" de ce téton étant avantageusement sensiblement égale à la demi-différence entre les valeurs des diamètres extérieurs de la calotte 2 et de la collerette 7. It further comprises a stud 2 () located substantially at the pole 9 of the cap 2, the height "h" of this stud being advantageously substantially equal to the half-difference between the values of the outside diameters of the cap 2 and the flange 7.

l,a mise en place du cotyle décrit ci-dessus s'effectue de la façon suivante. Il est tout d'abord réalisé dans l'os iliaque 1(), par exemple à l'aide d'une íraise, Ull orifice sensiblement hémisphérique 13 d'un diamètre égal à celui de la collerette 7, puis la paroi 14 de cet orifice est tapissée avec du ciment 11. Le chirurgien enfonce alors le cotyle dans l'orifice jusqu'à ce que la collerette vienne au bord 12 de l'orifice et que le téton vienne au contact du fond de cet orifice.Le ciment se répartit ainsi automatiquement de façon uniforme entre la surface extérieure 6 de la calotte 2 et la paroi 14 de l'orifice, puisqu'il est alors certain que le cotyle est parfaitement centré dans l'oriíì( e, comme cela apparaît bien sur la figure unique. The fitting of the cup described above is carried out as follows. It is first made in the iliac bone 1 (), for example using a straight, Ull substantially hemispherical orifice 13 with a diameter equal to that of the collar 7, then the wall 14 of this orifice is lined with cement 11. The surgeon then pushes the acetabulum into the orifice until the flange comes to the edge 12 of the orifice and the nipple comes into contact with the bottom of this orifice. The cement is distributed thus automatically uniformly between the outer surface 6 of the cap 2 and the wall 14 of the orifice, since it is then certain that the acetabulum is perfectly centered in the oriì (e, as it appears on the single figure .

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse, pour que le ciment fasse bloc avec la paroi 14 de l'orifice 13, c'est-à-dire avec l'os iliaque 10, et la surface extérieure de la calotte, le téton 20 comporte à sa périphérie une rainure circulaire 21 qui permet au ciment de s'ancrer plus fortement sur le téton et de consolider l'accrochage entre l'os iliaque et le cotyle.  According to another advantageous characteristic, so that the cement forms a block with the wall 14 of the orifice 13, that is to say with the iliac bone 10, and the external surface of the cap, the stud 20 comprises at its periphery a circular groove 21 which allows the cement to anchor more strongly on the nipple and to consolidate the attachment between the iliac bone and the acetabulum.

De ce fait, la durée de vie d'une prothèse totale de hanche comportant un cotyle ayant les caractéristiques structurelles décrites ci-dessus est nettement plus importante que celle des prothèses du même type de l'art antérieur. Therefore, the lifespan of a total hip prosthesis comprising a acetabulum having the structural characteristics described above is much greater than that of prostheses of the same type of the prior art.

Un tel cotyle peut comporter aussi, sur sa surface extérieure G, par exemple des éléments formant relief mais d'une hauteur nettement inférieure à celle du téton 20. Ces éléments qui permettent d'améliorer l'ancrage du cotyle dans la couche de ciment 11 sont bien connus en eux-mêmes et n'ont pas été représentés sur la figure.  Such an acetabulum can also include, on its outer surface G, for example elements forming a relief but of a height clearly less than that of the nipple 20. These elements which make it possible to improve the anchoring of the acetabulum in the layer of cement 11 are well known in themselves and have not been shown in the figure.

Claims (3)

REVENDI C A'I'l () NSREVENDI C A'I'l () NS 1. Cotyle pour prothèse totale de hanche, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte une calotte (2) de forme extérieure générale sensiblement hémisphérique dans laquelle est réalisé un logement en creux (3) pour recevoir la tête sphérique (4) d'une tige de prothèse (5) apte à être implantée dans le canal médullaire d'un fémur, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte en outre une collerette (7) située sur le bord circulaire (8) de ladite calotte sensiblement hémisphérique, le diamètre extérieur de ladite collerette étant supérieur au diamètre extérieur de ladite calotte, et un téton (20) situé sensiblement au pôle (9) de ladite calotte (2). 1. acetabulum for total hip prosthesis, characterized in that it comprises a cap (2) of generally hemispherical external shape in which a recess is formed (3) to receive the spherical head (4) of a prosthesis stem (5) able to be implanted in the medullary canal of a femur, characterized in that it further comprises a collar (7) located on the circular edge (8) of said substantially hemispherical cap, the diameter outside of said collar being greater than the outside diameter of said cap, and a stud (20) located substantially at the pole (9) of said cap (2). 2. Cotyle selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la hauteur "h" dudit téton est sensiblement égale à la demi-différence entre les valeurs des diamètres extérieurs de la calotte et de la collerette. 2. Cup according to claim 1, characterized in that the height "h" of said stud is substantially equal to the half-difference between the values of the outside diameters of the cap and the flange. 3. Cotyle selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que ledit téton (20) comporte, sur sa périphérie, une rainure d'ancrage circulaire (21).  3. Cup according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said stud (20) has, on its periphery, a circular anchoring groove (21).
FR9214831A 1992-12-09 1992-12-09 Cup for total hip prosthesis. Expired - Fee Related FR2698782B3 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9214831A FR2698782B3 (en) 1992-12-09 1992-12-09 Cup for total hip prosthesis.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9214831A FR2698782B3 (en) 1992-12-09 1992-12-09 Cup for total hip prosthesis.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2698782A1 true FR2698782A1 (en) 1994-06-10
FR2698782B3 FR2698782B3 (en) 1995-02-17

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FR9214831A Expired - Fee Related FR2698782B3 (en) 1992-12-09 1992-12-09 Cup for total hip prosthesis.

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0677280A1 (en) * 1994-04-15 1995-10-18 ALPHANORM MEDIZINTECHNIK GmbH Acetabular cup prosthesis
US5879398A (en) * 1995-02-14 1999-03-09 Zimmer, Inc. Acetabular cup
US6682567B1 (en) 2001-09-19 2004-01-27 Biomet, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing a shell component incorporating a porous ingrowth material and liner

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0677280A1 (en) * 1994-04-15 1995-10-18 ALPHANORM MEDIZINTECHNIK GmbH Acetabular cup prosthesis
US5879398A (en) * 1995-02-14 1999-03-09 Zimmer, Inc. Acetabular cup
US6682567B1 (en) 2001-09-19 2004-01-27 Biomet, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing a shell component incorporating a porous ingrowth material and liner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2698782B3 (en) 1995-02-17

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