FR2693536A1 - Installation for incineration of waste - uses processing of combustion fumes and vitrification of ash from combustion in integrated plant. - Google Patents

Installation for incineration of waste - uses processing of combustion fumes and vitrification of ash from combustion in integrated plant. Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2693536A1
FR2693536A1 FR9208375A FR9208375A FR2693536A1 FR 2693536 A1 FR2693536 A1 FR 2693536A1 FR 9208375 A FR9208375 A FR 9208375A FR 9208375 A FR9208375 A FR 9208375A FR 2693536 A1 FR2693536 A1 FR 2693536A1
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France
Prior art keywords
vitrification
combustion
installation
slag
ash
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FR9208375A
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French (fr)
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FR2693536B1 (en
Inventor
Trepaud Pierre
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trepaud SA
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trepaud SA
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Publication of FR2693536B1 publication Critical patent/FR2693536B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J9/00—Preventing premature solidification of molten combustion residues
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/104—Combustion in two or more stages with ash melting stage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

The incinerator has a principal furnace (2) that communicates with a unit for processing of fumes (6-10) by combustion in a post-combustion furnace. The ash is vitrified in a vitrification unit that is in communication with the post-combustion furnace. The vitrification plant has a zone where the ash is heated in a fusion vessel (15) that is heated by an electric furnace (17). The ash is held in hoppers (11) between the furnace and the vitrification plant. ADVANTAGE - Complete processing of domestic or industrial waste with improved overall thermal efficiency.

Description

Installation d'incinération de déchets.Waste incineration plant.

La présente invention est relative aux installations d'incinération de déchets, notamment des déchets urbains et des déchets industriels. The present invention relates to waste incineration plants, in particular urban waste and industrial waste.

Une installation classique d'incinération de déchets comprend un four qui communique avec une unité de traitement de fumées par un four de post-combustion et qui comporte une sortie pour les scories. Ces scories contiennent quelques pour cent d'imbrûlés, ce qui oblige à les mettre en décharges classées. A conventional waste incineration plant comprises an oven which communicates with a smoke treatment unit by an afterburner and which has an outlet for slag. These slag contains a few percent of unburnt materials, which means that they must be placed in classified landfills.

L'invention pallie cet inconvénient par une installation qui permet de traiter ces scories de façon à les transformer, d'une part, en un produit vitrifié banal et, d'autre part, en des gaz qui sont traités par l'unité de traitement de fumées conjointement avec les gaz sortant du four principal, le four de post-combustion et l'unité de traitement de fumées étant utilisés à la fois pour les gaz issus du four principal et pour ceux issus de l'installation de vitrification. La teneur calorifique des gaz issus de l'installation de vitrification peut, en outre, être ainsi récupérée. The invention overcomes this drawback by an installation which makes it possible to treat these slag so as to transform them, on the one hand, into a common vitrified product and, on the other hand, into gases which are treated by the treatment unit smoke together with the gases leaving the main oven, the post-combustion oven and the smoke treatment unit being used both for the gases from the main oven and for those from the vitrification installation. The calorific content of the gases from the vitrification installation can also be recovered.

L'invention a donc pour objet une installation d'incinération du type mentionné au début du présent mémoire, qui est caractérisée par une installation de vitrification de scories qui communique avec le four de post-combustion.  The invention therefore relates to an incineration plant of the type mentioned at the start of this specification, which is characterized by a slag vitrification plant which communicates with the post-combustion furnace.

De préférence, l'installation de vitrification comprend successivement une zone de préchauffage des scories par récupération thermique de la teneur calorifique des gaz issus d'une poche, en aval, de réception d'un bain et munie d'un brûleur. Preferably, the vitrification installation successively comprises a zone for preheating the slag by thermal recovery of the calorific content of the gases coming from a pocket, downstream, for receiving a bath and provided with a burner.

Les scories, issues du four principal, peuvent être envoyées directement à l'installation de vitrification ou bien l'on peut prévoir un stockage-tampon de ces scories entre la sortie du four principal et l'installation de vitrification. The slag from the main oven can be sent directly to the vitrification installation or a buffer storage of these slag can be provided between the exit from the main oven and the vitrification installation.

La figure unique du dessin annexé illustre l'invention. The single figure of the accompanying drawing illustrates the invention.

L'installation d'incinération de déchets, représentée à la figure, comporte une trémie d'alimentation 1 en déchets d'un four principal 2 à grille. Ce four 2 communique avec un four de post-combustion 3 des gaz issus du four 2. Les gaz y sont portés de 9000C à 12000C environ à l'aide d'un brûleur à gaz ou d'autres moyens adéquats. Le four de post-combustion 3 communique avec un échangeur de chaleur 4 qui permet d'obtenir, à la sortie d'un serpentin 5, de la vapeur d'eau, tandis que les gaz sortent de l'échangeur de chaleur 4 à une température de 3000C environ pour aller dans une unité de refroidissement 6 à pulvérisation d'eau où leur température est ramenée à 800C environ. Ils passent ensuite dans une tour de lavage 7, puis dans un filtre 8 avant d'être envoyés, par un ventilateur 9, à une cheminée 10.Les équipements 6 à 10 constituent l'unité de traitement de fumée. The waste incineration installation, shown in the figure, comprises a hopper for supplying 1 with waste from a main oven 2 with a grid. This oven 2 communicates with a post-combustion oven 3 of the gases from the oven 2. The gases are brought there from 9000C to 12000C approximately using a gas burner or other suitable means. The post-combustion furnace 3 communicates with a heat exchanger 4 which makes it possible to obtain, at the outlet of a coil 5, water vapor, while the gases leave the heat exchanger 4 at a temperature of around 3000C to go to a water spray cooling unit 6 where their temperature is reduced to around 800C. They then pass through a washing tower 7, then through a filter 8 before being sent, by a fan 9, to a chimney 10. The equipment 6 to 10 constitute the smoke treatment unit.

Les scories sorties du four 2 sont déchargées dans un stockage-tampon 11 et, de là, sont envoyées, par un dispositif de chargement 12, à la zone d'admission 13 d'un four rotatif 14 légèrement incliné sur l'horizontale et permettant de réchauffer les scories par les gaz dégagés par une poche 15 en aval. Les scories se déversent à l'autre extrémité du four dans cette poche 15, au fond de laquelle se trouve un bain 16 de magma fondu à 15000C environ. Ce magma est maintenu à l'état fondu par un brûleur 17 qui, de préférence, est un électro-brûleur, tel que décrit au US-A5.088.917. Ce bain de magma déborde par un trop-plein 18 et tombe dans un bassin 19 empli d'eau où le magma fondu se fractionne en petits morceaux vitrifiés, sous l'effet du choc thermique brutal. Un extracteur 20 retire en permanence ces éléments vitrifiés. The slag from the furnace 2 is discharged into a buffer storage 11 and, from there, is sent, by a loading device 12, to the intake zone 13 of a rotary kiln 14 slightly inclined on the horizontal and allowing to heat the slag by the gases released by a pocket 15 downstream. The slag pours out at the other end of the oven into this pocket 15, at the bottom of which is a bath 16 of molten magma at around 15000C. This magma is kept in the molten state by a burner 17 which, preferably, is an electro-burner, as described in US-A5,088,917. This magma bath overflows through an overflow 18 and falls into a basin 19 filled with water where the molten magma splits into small vitrified pieces, under the effect of the brutal thermal shock. An extractor 20 permanently removes these vitrified elements.

Un conduit 21 met en communication la zone d'admission 13 et l'entrée du four de post-combustion 3. Les gaz dégagés par la fusion des scories dans le magma 16 et issus du brûleur 17 se dégagent par le conduit 21 et rejoignent le four de post-combustion 3. A duct 21 connects the intake zone 13 and the inlet of the post-combustion furnace 3. The gases released by the melting of the slag in the magma 16 and coming from the burner 17 are released by the duct 21 and join the afterburner 3.

Cette installation permet donc de traiter les scories du four 2 et de les transformer, d'une part, en produit vitrifiable banalisable et, d'autre part, en gaz qui sont traités par l'unité de traitement 6 à 10 de l'installation d'incinération d'origine. Comme la quantité de gaz provenant de l'installation de vitrification et envoyée au four de post-combustion 3 ne représente que quelques pour cent de la quantité totale des gaz traités par l'installation d'incinération, le four de post-combustion 3 et l'unité de traitement de fumées 6 à 10 en aval n'ont pas besoin d'être surdimensionnés.  This installation therefore makes it possible to treat the slag from the furnace 2 and to transform them, on the one hand, into an ordinaryizable vitrifiable product and, on the other hand, into gases which are treated by the treatment unit 6 to 10 of the installation original incineration. As the amount of gas from the vitrification plant and sent to the post-combustion furnace 3 represents only a few percent of the total amount of gases treated by the incineration plant, the post-combustion furnace 3 and the smoke treatment unit 6 to 10 downstream does not need to be oversized.

Claims (6)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Installation d'incinération de déchets, comprenant un four (2) principal qui communique avec une unité de traitement de fumées (6 à 10) par un four de postcombustion (3) et qui comporte une sortie pour les scories, caractérisée par une installation de vitrification (12 à 20) de scories qui communique avec le four de post-combustion (21). 1. Waste incineration plant, comprising a main oven (2) which communicates with a smoke treatment unit (6 to 10) by an afterburner (3) and which has an outlet for slag, characterized by a vitrification installation (12 to 20) of slag which communicates with the post-combustion furnace (21). 2. Installation suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'installation de vitrification comprend successivement une zone de chauffage (14) des scories et une poche de fusion (15). 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the vitrification installation successively comprises a heating zone (14) of the slag and a fusion pocket (15). 3. Installation suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la zone de chauffage (14) est un four rotatif. 3. Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the heating zone (14) is a rotary oven. 4. Installation suivant la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que le four de post-combustion (21) communique avec une zone d'admission (13) des scories dans la zone de chauffage (14). 4. Installation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the post-combustion furnace (21) communicates with an intake zone (13) of the slag in the heating zone (14). 5. Installation suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la poche (15) est chauffée par un électro-brûleur (17). 5. Installation according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the pocket (15) is heated by an electric burner (17). 6. Installation suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par un stockage-tampon (11) des scories, entre la sortie des scories du four principal (2) et l'installation de vitrification (12 à 20).  6. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a buffer storage (11) of the slag, between the outlet of the slag from the main oven (2) and the vitrification installation (12 to 20).
FR9208375A 1992-07-07 1992-07-07 Waste incineration plant. Expired - Fee Related FR2693536B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9208375A FR2693536B1 (en) 1992-07-07 1992-07-07 Waste incineration plant.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9208375A FR2693536B1 (en) 1992-07-07 1992-07-07 Waste incineration plant.

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FR2693536A1 true FR2693536A1 (en) 1994-01-14
FR2693536B1 FR2693536B1 (en) 1994-09-30

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3745941A (en) * 1971-12-03 1973-07-17 B Reilly Slagging refuse incinerators
US5022329A (en) * 1989-09-12 1991-06-11 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Cyclone furnace for hazardous waste incineration and ash vitrification
EP0446888A2 (en) * 1990-03-15 1991-09-18 Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. Incinerating-fusing system for city refuse disposal
WO1992001197A1 (en) * 1990-07-03 1992-01-23 Vølund Miljøteknik A/S Method and apparatus for incinerating different kinds of solid and possibly liquid waste material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3745941A (en) * 1971-12-03 1973-07-17 B Reilly Slagging refuse incinerators
US5022329A (en) * 1989-09-12 1991-06-11 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Cyclone furnace for hazardous waste incineration and ash vitrification
EP0446888A2 (en) * 1990-03-15 1991-09-18 Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. Incinerating-fusing system for city refuse disposal
WO1992001197A1 (en) * 1990-07-03 1992-01-23 Vølund Miljøteknik A/S Method and apparatus for incinerating different kinds of solid and possibly liquid waste material

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Publication number Publication date
FR2693536B1 (en) 1994-09-30

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