FR2688339A1 - HIGH CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH HIGH RATED INTENSITY AND APPLICATION TO A CELL AND A MEDIUM VOLTAGE STATION. - Google Patents

Abstract

Multipole load break switch for high nominal intensity comprising, for each pole, an insulating bushing enclosing a vacuum bulb (14) and two conductive blades (7, 8) for the flow of the permanent current, the bushings being integral with a common metallic supporting profile (4) placed at earth potential and shrouding a common shaft for operating the vacuum bulbs, actuated by a mechanism contained in a box integral with the profile, the elements for connection of the bushings of the poles being arranged so that, when the profile pivots, the current is switched from the blades (7, 8) to the vacuum bulbs (14). The invention applies to the construction of medium voltage cells and installations with high nominal intensity.

Description

HIGH RATED SELF-CIRCUIT BREAKER AND APPLICATION TO

ONE CELL AND ONE MEDIUM STATION

  VOLTAGE The present invention relates to a self-disconnecting circuit breaker usable in particular for circuits or lines with high nominal current, for example 3150 amps and more. An electrical isolating circuit breaker is an electrical device having a circuit breaker breaking capacity and which, when in the open position, has between its terminals a dielectric strength between input and output equal to or greater than that required for the disconnectors. Such an appliance can therefore replace three switchgear functions, which is particularly advantageous for the operator, both because of the savings made in investment (lower cost, smaller footprint) than by the savings in maintenance at during operation. We know, from French Patent No. 1,533,266, an armored cell comprising for each phase a rotary cut-off device, the rotation of the device around an axis located in a vertical plane of the cell ensuring its own cutting. Such a device could not be manufactured industrially due to the large overall dimensions and the weight of the cut-off devices of the fluid-tight type.

  non-flammable envisaged, in particular sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6) circuit breakers Another handicap results from the length of travel of the SF 6 circuit breakers which penalizes the aforementioned type of apparatus by the excessive length which it would be necessary to give them.

  A first object of the invention is to provide a multi-pole self-disconnecting circuit breaker of low weight and of small overall dimensions in all its dimensions, therefore easily accommodable in a cell and easily maneuverable without requiring great maneuvering energy. In a full range of medium-voltage circuit breakers, devices with high nominal current (3150 amps and more), essential since they very often equip the input and coupling cells, generally pose problems for their manufacturers for the following reasons: after: they require a lot of copper to be used, which makes them expensive, they are always the source of Joule losses, therefore of overheating often difficult to limit, the minimum sections of the conductors are not very compatible with the cutting technologies used, by

example:

  1) in devices with low oil volume, the increase in the diameter of the movable rod harms the blowing effect of the arc in the cutting block, 2) in the self-blowing cutting technology in SF 6, the manufacturers had for the same reason to come to the use of parallel contacts often difficult to coordinate with the breaking contacts, 3) in vacuum devices, the arrangement in general very elaborate of contact electrodes (diffusion and centering of the elementary arcs) generally generates high Joule losses which must often be compensated with

  the use of relatively large radiators intended to facilitate the cooling of the vacuum bulbs during the passage of the nominal current.

  It should also be noted that these devices, which are always difficult to produce, are always the subject of much lower series than devices of low nominal intensity. It is known that in order to overcome the aforementioned difficulties in producing high-caliber devices, certain manufacturers have arrived at SF 6 circuit breakers to dissociate the breaking and disconnection functions, by having the breaking carried out by a circuit breaker and disconnection by an associated disconnector crossed by the rated current. The coordinated movements of the two devices are generally defined as follows: on opening: opening of the disconnector, then opening of the circuit by the circuit breaker,

  on closing: closing of the circuit breaker, then closing of the disconnector.

  These movements are ensured by the same control box whose kinematics, arranged accordingly, is complicated and includes numerous joints. Another object of the invention is to provide a single device, usable for the passage of a high nominal current, ensuring the breaking and cutting functions and having the following qualities: small overall size, very airy arrangements allowing a excellent ventilation in the cell, minimum length of conductive metal (little copper), reduced number of serial contacts, therefore limitation of Joule losses, simple control kinematics, with little

of joints.

  Another object of the invention is to provide a cell and a medium-voltage substation equipped with the above-mentioned self-disconnecting circuit breaker. The subject of the present invention is a multi-pole self-disconnecting circuit breaker comprising for each pole a double insulating bushing surrounding a vacuum interrupter and comprising at a first end a first connection element connected to a first terminal of the ampoule and intended to be connected electrically to an incoming conductor, and at a second end a second connection element connected to the other terminal of the bulb and intended to be electrically connected to a starting conductor, characterized in that each crossing further comprises at at least two metal blades traversing it right through and opening out to form external sockets intended to be connected respectively to said outgoing conductor and said incoming conductor, the crossings being fixed to the same metallic profile along and in the shelter of which is placed an operating shaft common to the bulbs and actuated by a control of operation of the bulbs contained in a somidary box of the profile, the latter being able to be actuated in rotation, the sockets and the elements of

  aforementioned connection of the bushing being arranged so that the rotation of the profile first causes the switching of the current passing through said blades in the vacuum interrupter, then the cutting of the device.

  In a particular embodiment, the insulating passage of each pole comprises a first cavity in which is housed the vacuum interrupter, said ampoule comprising an insulating envelope closed by a first and a second metal flanges, the first metallic flange being externally connected to one of said connection elements and internally to a fixed contact of the vacuum interrupter, said second flange being leaktightly traversed by a movable metal rod carrying a second movable contact of the vacuum interrupter, the crossing insulator comprising a second cavity communicating with the first cavity and in which is disposed a metal tube mechanically connected to the vacuum interrupter and electrically connected to said movable metal rod, said tube containing a control rod connected to said movable metal rod insulating bushings of each pole being fixed to said metal profile, the tig control element of each pole being mechanically connected to said shaft by means of a lever articulated on an end piece secured to the metal tube, of an insulating arm articulated by a first end to said lever and by a second end to a connecting rod wedged on said shaft, said end piece being mechanically and electrically connected to said metal tube and carrying said second connection element. 5 The first cavity has internal grooves parallel to the axis of the passage, defining with the external wall of the vacuum interrupter ventilation channels, the air circulating in the metal tube and penetrating into said channels through holes in said tube. 10 As a variant, the vacuum interrupter is placed in a cylindrical insulating cage, for example made of resin, placed in said first cavity. In the latter case, said cage has grooves parallel to its axis, defining with the wall of the vacuum interrupter ventilation channels, the air circulating in the metal tube and penetrating into said channels through holes in said tube. The dielectric strength between said metal tube and the wall of said second cavity is ensured by a sheath of compressible insulating material slid over said metal tube and engaged in said second cavity, mounting

  being facilitated by the use of an insulating grease.

  Preferably, said sheath is made of latex.

  Advantageously, the kinematic chain between said

  control rod and said control shaft includes a spring play take-up mechanism.

  Alternatively, the end of the control rod comprises a tubular end portion in which engages said movable rod, said movable rod comprising a slot in which is engaged a first pin passing through said control rod, a spring s' pressing

  against a first support washer in contact with said end of the control rod, and against a second support washer engaged in the mobile rod and held by a second pin passing through the mobile rod.

  In a particular embodiment, the mechanical connection of said metal tube with the vacuum interrupter and the electrical connection of said metal tube with said movable contact rod is ensured by means of a sleeve fixed to said second flange, a ring secured to said sleeve and to said tube, and to an accordion or socket type contact disposed inside said ring and surrounding said rod. Said end piece comprises two half-collars

  clamped on said metal tube and in abutment on the end of the insulating bushing.

  The half-collars include lugs cooperating with these cells made in the insulating bushing for

  immobilizing said metal tube in rotation. Said sheath is locked in rotation by a circlip tightened on said metal tube.

  The outer surface of the insulating bushing is metallized in the area adjacent to the support profile.

  The crossing includes, in the vicinity of the leave connecting

  the two cavities, a metal grid inserted in the molding and placed at the potential of said metal tube.

  The subject of the invention is also a medium-voltage cell, characterized in that it comprises at least one self-isolating circuit breaker of the aforementioned type. In a particular embodiment, the cell comprises a self-disconnecting circuit breaker of the aforementioned type, this the latter being placed in a sliding drawer in a box comprising support insulators for a busbar and support insulators for a cable outlet, the metal support profile of the circuit breaker being articulated on two opposite faces of said

  drawer, the self-disconnecting circuit breaker being able, in the sectioned position, to take place entirely in the drawer which can be at least partially but largely extracted from the box.

  The box has a first, fixed flap, separating the space containing the bars from the space in the drawer.

  The box has a second, movable flap, occupying when the circuit breaker is in service, a position

  above the first flap and coming, when the auto-circuit breaker is in the sectioned position, occupy a place where it completely prevents, with the first flap access to the space of the bars from the space of the drawer. The movement of the second flap is ensured by a disc driven in rotation by the rotation of the profile and actuating at least one set of connecting rods connected to said second drawer which slides in slides fixed to the box. The disc includes a notch cooperating with a latch to immobilize the disc when the drawer is

  extracted, the latch being unlocked by action of the drawer when the latter is replaced.

  The drawer has a shutter driven in rotation by the rotation of the circuit breaker-auto-selector during

  passage from the disconnected position of the disconnection to the triggered position and grounding the poles when the self-protection circuit breaker is in the sectioned position.

  The metal profile is rotated by a gear motor fixed to the drawer and cooperating with a pinion secured to the profile. The invention also relates to a medium-voltage substation comprising a cell of the aforementioned type and at least

  a cubicle comprising a self-disconnecting circuit breaker of the aforementioned type associated with a busbar rise compartment. The invention is explained by the description below of a detailed embodiment of the self-contained circuit breaker

  disconnector of the invention, as well as of a medium-voltage cell making application, with reference to the appended drawing in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a three-phase self-disconnecting circuit breaker according to the invention, the FIG. 2 is a view in axial section of a pole of a self-disconnecting circuit breaker according to the invention,

  Figure 3 is an axial sectional view of the same pole, 90 degrees from the previous one.

  Figure 4 is a sectional view along the line IV-IV of Figure 2, Figure 5 is a sectional view along the line VV of Figure 3, Figure 6 is an axial sectional view of the upper part d a pole according to an alternative embodiment making it possible to house a vacuum bulb of small dimensions, FIG. 7 is an elevational view in axial section of part of a pole showing the arrangements for mechanically and electrically connecting the metal tube and the vacuum interrupter, FIG. 8 is a sectional elevation view of a clearance take-up device for controlling the contacts of the bulb, FIG. 9 is an elevation view of a circuit breaker according to the invention, equipped with its drawer and placed in a box fixed to a frame, the auto-disconnector circuit breaker being shown with the disconnector and circuit breaker functions engaged, FIG. 10 is a view similar to the previous one, the auto circuit breaker sections ur being represented with its

  disconnector and circuit breaker functions tripped, figure it is a perspective view of one of the terminal blocks cooperating with the pole of the circuit breaker

  disconnector of the invention, FIG. 12 schematically represents a cell equipped with the self-disconnecting circuit breaker of the invention, the cell being shown with the drawer open, FIG. 13 represents the same cell, with the drawer closed, FIG. 14 represents the sectioning operating mechanism of the self-disconnecting circuit breaker of the invention, FIG. 15 is a side view of the sliding protective shutter and its operating mechanism, FIG. 16 is a top view of the same mechanism,

  Figure 17 is a diagram explaining the operating mechanism of the circuit breaker part of the circuit breaker

  disconnector of the invention, In FIG. 1, the poles of the self-disconnecting circuit breaker of the invention are referenced 1, 2 and 3; they

  are fixed to a common metal profile 4, preferably at right angles, along and sheltered by which is placed a control shaft 38 of the poles The reference 29 designates the collar for fixing the pole on the profile 4.

  Profile 4 is at ground potential; as will be seen later, the profile can turn on itself around its longitudinal direction to ensure the function20 switching of the current and cutting of the device; the profile 4 is integral with a control box 5 for the circuit breaker function of the device, inside which the shaft 38 penetrates. The assembly formed by the profile and the poles is

  well balanced, so that the above-mentioned sectioning operation requires only low energy.

  Figure 2 is an axial sectional view of a pole, for example the pole 1 The figure is an axial sectional view of the same pole, 90 of the previous one.30 The pole comprises an insulating bushing 10, made of resin or elastomer If necessary, the bushing can be fitted with fins of the attached type or molded. The bushing 10 is a cylindrical volume with a rectangular cross section, with rounded corners for reasons

dielectric.

  Two copper strips 7 and 8 parallel to each other and to the axis of the crossing are arranged inside the latter; the blades are placed within the

  crossing during the molding thereof The blades 7 and 8 5 extend outside the crossing to form electrical outlets at each end of the crossing.

  These sockets are referenced 7 A, 7 B, 8 A and 8 B They cooperate with complementary sockets described below and are used to convey the permanent current which, as we have already explained, is of high intensity (3150 amps and more for example).

  The bushing comprises, at the top of the drawing, an axial cylindrical housing receiving a vacuum interrupter 14 shown diagrammatically.15 The vacuum interrupter comprises an insulating envelope 15, preferably made of ceramic, and two metal plates

  end or flanges 16 and 17 On the plate 16 is fixed, inside the bulb, a metal rod 18 carrying a fixed contact 19; a connection element 20 A, such as a jaw, is fixed to the plate 16, outside the envelope.

  The vacuum interrupter comprises a movable contact 21 carried by a metal rod 22 sliding in leaktight manner through the plate by means of a sealing bellows 23.25 The interior surface of the housing of the vacuum interrupter is provided with grooves 12 parallel to the axis of the crossing and serving as ventilation channels, as will be explained below. It will be noted that the diameter and the depth of the vacuum bulb housing are chosen for a given type of vacuum bulb; if you want to accommodate a bulb of smaller dimensions, you will interpose, as shown in Figure 6, between the inner wall of the housing and the vacuum bulb 14, a cylindrical cage 13 of insulating material such as resin, provided of external grooves 13 A defining

  with the side surface of the vacuum interrupter of the ventilation channels.

  Returning to FIGS. 2 and 3, it can be seen that the crossing comprises a second frustoconical housing in

  communication with the vacuum bulb housing The volume delimited by this second housing is therefore conical, its 5 section decreasing when moving from the bulb housing.

  The second housing contains a metal tube 25, preferably made of copper, secured to the vacuum interrupter as will be shown with reference to FIG. 7, and in electrical contact with the movable rod 22 of the vacuum interrupter The tube 25 used to route current between the vacuum interrupter

  and a part 26, described in detail with reference to FIG. 5 and carrying a connection element 20 B, for example a jaw.

  The dielectric strength between the bushing 10 and the metal tube 25 is ensured by means of a sheath 27, of insulating material such as latex, and having a tubular shape with cylindrical inner section and with conical outer surface and complementary to the surface of the second20 housing During assembly, this sheath is slid around the metal tube 25, the sliding being facilitated by the use of an insulating grease for example based on silicone Then the outer surface of the sheath is coated with the same grease and engaged in the second housing, by exerting a pressure so as to ensure the elimination of air Maintaining the compression of the sheath is ensured by means of a stop means such as a circlip 28 engaged in a groove of the tube 25. The pole is placed in abutment on the metal profile

  4, thanks to a transverse groove 1 OA of the bushing, coming from molding.

  The operation of opening or closing the bulb

  under vacuum is ensured by means of a rod 30, for example metallic, fixed for example by screwing to the rod 22.

  This rod is articulated at 31 to a return lever 32 itself articulated at 33 on the part 26 The end of the lever is articulated at 34 at a first end of a rod

  insulator 35, the second end of which is articulated at 36 to a first end of a connecting rod 37, the second end of which is wedged on the control shaft 38 placed along 5 of the profile 4.

  The copper tube 25 carries, in the vicinity of the plate

  17, holes 25 A whose role is explained now.

  When the self-disconnecting circuit breaker of the invention is closed, the nominal current mainly passes through the conductors 7 and 8; only a fraction of the current flows through the vacuum interrupter To interrupt the current in the circuit-breaker of the self-disconnecting circuit breaker, either for a normal operating operation, or due to a fault, the device is tilted by rotation of the profile , which causes the separation of the contacts 7 A, 7 B, 8 A, 8 B, then the vacuum interrupter is opened by the rotation of the shaft 38 causing, by the play of the various levers, the displacement of the rod The entire current flows through the vacuum bulb for a few milliseconds before the separation of the contacts 19 and 21; the bulb is cooled by an air circulation which engages in the part 26, passes through the annular space between the operating rod and the tube 25, passes through the holes 25 A and engages in the grooves 12 of the first housing (or the grooves 13 A in the case of the alternative embodiment of Figure 6). This bulb ventilation circuit is of primary importance as it eliminates the risks of pollution and condensation. Reference will be made to FIG. 7 which shows how the metal tube 25 is mechanically fixed to the vacuum interrupter

  14 and how the current can pass from the movable rod 22 to the tube 25.

  Vacuum ampoules usually include a metal cover welded to the plate 17 and which contains a bearing for the movable rod 22. For the needs of the invention, the cover is modified and transformed into a sleeve 15 A internally threaded to which a screw can be screwed. metal ring 15 B The tube 25 is engaged inside this ring and secured to the ring by brazing or screwing. The ring and the tube then define a shoulder against which an accordion-type contact or a contact socket 15C rests. The shape and the role of the part 26 are specified with reference to FIGS. 3 and 5 It can be seen that the piece 26 comprises two half-collars 41 and 42 which can be tightened by means of screws 43, 44 These half-collars enclose the end of the conductive tube 25, which protrudes from the bushing 10, with

  a sufficient contact pressure to ensure the passage of the current The half-collars, abutting against the end of the bushing 10, thus ensure immobilization in axial translation of the tube 25 and of the vacuum interrupter 14 which is united.

  Lugs 45 carried by the half-collars cooperate with cells formed by molding at the end of the

  feedthrough 10 to immobilize the tube 25 and, consequently, the vacuum interrupter 14, in rotation.

  A plate 46, secured to the half-collars for example by means of screws 47, serves to support the connection element 20 B. The external surface of the bushing 10, in line with the

  section 4, is metallized and brought to earth potential.

  The examination of FIGS. 2 and 3 shows the presence, between the flange 17 and the crossing portion 1 OC connecting the two housings, of a volume filled with air. Without particular precautions, this volume would be the object of a strong grdient de30 potential which could lead to partial discharges which in the long run can be destructive To avoid this

  drawback, the bushing comprises, in line with the aforementioned volume, a metallic mesh 51 A inserted during the molding of the bushing, and which is brought to the potential of the metal tube 25 In this way, the potential differences are applied to the insulating parts only .

  The operating rod 30 may comprise a play take-up member comprising a cage provided with a spring 53; this play take-up member can also, as a variant, be placed at any location of the kinematic chain connecting the rod 22 and the control shaft 38. This cage being able in certain cases to be too bulky, it is possible to replace it with the device described below with reference to Figure 8. At least the end of the control rod 30 has a tubular portion 30 A in which engages the end of the movable rod 22 of the bulb The movable rod metal 22 comprises a mumière 22 A in which is engaged a first pin 22 B passing through the rod 30. A spring 22 C is disposed between a first support washer 22 D in contact with the end of the tubular part 30 A, and a second washer 22 E engaged in the rod 22 and held by a second pin 22 F passing through the rod 22 In the closed position of the bulb contacts, the rod 30 compresses the spring 22 C which transmits effortlessly to the mob rod island 22 Note that the backlash assembly is guided in the tube

  conductor 25 by the washers 22 D and 22 E supporting the spring The washers have holes or indentations at their periphery to allow the passage of the air for cooling the bulb.

  It has been indicated that only the end of the control rod 30 is made in tubular form; alternatively, the control rod can be a tube over its entire length. The control shaft 38 is fixed to the metal profile 4 by known means, not shown, so as to leave it free to rotate. The shaft can be protected more

  completely by means of a not shown angle profile, for example plastic, clipped onto the metal profile 4 so as to define a hollow beam and thus protect the shaft 38 from dust.

  Figures 9 to 12 illustrate the mounting of the self-disconnecting circuit breaker of the invention for the production of a medium voltage cell. In Figures 9 and 10, there is a metal frame 55 seen in section; this frame is brought to earth potential by conventional means not shown; to this frame is fixed, by all means not shown, a box 55 A containing the self-isolating circuit breaker of the invention, as well as various elements10 described below: the box first contains a drawer 56 sliding on slides; drawer 56 has two

  opposite faces 56 A and 56 B (see FIG. 13) on which the ends of the metal profile 4 are mounted in rotation It is recalled that this profile can rotate on itself and that it is integral with the control box 5 shown in dashed lines in Figures 10 and 11.

  The box carries at its upper part insulators 57 serving to support terminals 58 connected to the electrical bars 59 of the station The frame is surmounted by the

bar compartment 60.

  The box carries a first fixed flap 61 which prevents access from the left side of the bar compartments from the front face of the cubicle The box carries slides 61 A carrying a flap 61 B which, when the auto-disconnector circuit breaker is in normal service, remains on the left of the figure (figure 9) and which, when the circuit breaker is in the cut position (figure 10), automatically moves to the right of the figure to prevent access to the right part of the

  bar compartment from the front of the cubicle.

  The drawer comprises a pivoting automatic shutter 62 which is returned to position by a spring 63; in normal service (figure 9), this flap separates the bar compartment from the

  cable compartment; during a sectioning maneuver, it ensures the earth potential of the device coming and remaining in contact with the contact 8 A (FIG. 10).

  At the lower part of the box, there is a cable compartment, where each starting cable 65 is connected to a terminal 66 carried by a support insulator 67 which can also serve as a voltage detector, the latter being detected by means of indicator lamps 68 placed at the base of the support insulator 67. The terminal 66 (FIG. 11) comprises two trapezoidal blades 66 A and 66 B intended to cooperate with the blades 7 B and 8 B of the pole, and an elongated blade 66 C intended to cooperate with the connection element 2 OB; the blades 66 A and 66 B carry contact fingers 66 D between which the blades 7 B and 8 B engage. The trapezoidal shapes facilitate a gradual entry into service of the contacts, therefore a better distribution of forces. 15 The terminal 58 carries the same elements as terminal 66, referenced 58 A, 58 B, 58 C and 58 D to cooperate with the

  blades 7 A and 8 A as well as the connection element 20 A. An earthing switch 70 completes the equipment of the cell.

  The operation of the self-disconnecting circuit breaker of the invention is as follows: in normal operation, the self-disconnecting circuit breaker is in the configuration shown in the

  FIG. 9 The current flows between the cable 65 and the bar 25 59, preferably using the blades 7 and 8, so that a relatively weak current flows through the vacuum bulb.

  if it is desired to interrupt the current, either for a normal operating maneuver, or in the event of a fault, an order is given to the operating member of the profile 4 which turns on itself in the direction of the arrow Fl in FIG. 9 ; this rotation leads to the separation of the elements of

  connection 20 A and 20 B with fingers 58 D and 66 D The current passing through the blades 7 and 8 is switched in the vacuum bulb; an order is then given to the mechanism for controlling the shaft 38 which by its rotation causes the separation of the contacts 18 and 21 and the stopping of the current.

  During this maneuver, the profile has completed its rotation of degrees; the pole comes to a standstill in the position shown in figure 10, with the contacts 7 B and 8 B grounded

  by the shutter 62 The insulation distances are respected 5 The control box 5 switches over at the same time as the poles which have come to be housed in the drawer 56.

  This arrangement allows a visible sectioning, avoiding any risk for the personnel. The visualization of the sectioning can be accentuated by means of a signage constituted for example by a 5 A line of visible color. A well-known device, but not shown, makes it possible to avoid total extraction of the drawer, which prevents access to the bar compartment The drawer can be pulled out enough (figure 12) to allow full access to the poles for their maintenance or replacement Note that the arrangement of the poles n authorizes the drawer to close again in the sectioned position Finally, it will be observed that when the drawer is open, the poles of the self-disconnecting circuit breaker can be replaced in the vertical position, by rotation of the metal profile 4, for example to carry out tripping tests or switching on the vacuum bulbs. To constitute a complete cell (FIG. 13), the frame 55 is placed on a box 72 for the departure of the cables; moreover, a relaying box 73 can be placed above the box 55 A, with display and display members 74 arranged on the front face. It will be noted that the box 55 A containing the drawer with the poles of the circuit breaker, the earthing switch, the isolators and the device for displaying the presence of voltage can be manufactured and checked in the factory and mounted on site. Remember that the metal profile 4, connected to the control box, is at ground potential; as the poles of the self-disconnecting circuit breaker are mounted on a common profile, the risk of ignition between phases is practically non-existent, all ignition occurring first to earth. The switching of the current and the sectioning by rotation of the metal section 4 integral with the control box is normally motorized, but it can also be carried out manually. In FIG. 14, a distinction is made between the metal section 4, the control shaft 38 of the poles and one of the shafts 37; the corresponding pole was not represented for the sake of

clarity of the drawing.

  The profile is held by two ball bearings 75 and 76 secured to the walls 56 A and 56 B of the drawer The control box is secured to the profile 4, for example by welding A pinion 77 is secured to the beam 4 Un15 motor 78, fixed to the wall 56 A of the drawer, drives, by a helical screw 79, with speed reduction, the pinion 77, which causes the rotation of the beam 4 and the box 5, independently of the movement of the control shaft 38 The motorization of the sectioning which has just been described20 shows that the device can be remote-controlled and that it can therefore equip the stations for which there is no maneuvering or surveillance personnel. Figures 15 and 16 illustrate an embodiment, given by way of nonlimiting example, of an automatic operation mechanism of the flap 61 B. The box carries, as already mentioned, two slides 61 A in which can slide the shutter 61 B, which is a rectangular sheet. The box carries, on its rear face, a movable disc 61 C provided with a central hole 61 D of suitable shape to receive the section 4 which projects beyond the drawer beyond the face 56 B (see FIG. 14) and allow the rotation of the disc when the profile 4 pole support rotates on itself during a sectioning operation When the profile is a square, as indicated above, the hole is advantageously square or rectangular The flap is driven in translation by the rotation of the disc by means of two sets of linkages cooperating with a shaft 61 E parallel to the plane of the flap and parallel to the profile 4. The shaft is fixed to the box 55 A by means of bearings not shown It is driven in rotation by a connecting rod 61 F articulated on the one hand on the disc 61 C and on the other hand to a crank 61 G wedged on the shaft 61 E The rotational movement of the shaft is converted into a translational movement communicated to the flap by means of of ux sets10 of linkages Only one of the sets of linkages that of the bottom of the drawer, is described in detail, the other game, at the front of the drawer being completely identical The first set of linkages includes a connecting rod 61 H fixed on the shaft 61 E and articulated to a crank 61 I articulated to the flap During a sectioning operation, the support profile 4, engaged in the hole of the disc 61 C, is rotated in the direction of the arrow F; the rotation of the disc 61 C causes the rotation of the shaft 61 E and the rod-crank assembly 61 H-61 I causes the translation of the flap 61 B which obstructs access to the right part of the bar compartment After the maneuver sectioning, if the drawer 56 is removed, a locking latch 61 J engages in a notch 61 K of the disc 61 C, immobilizing the flap 61 B in its position This latch, fitted with a spring, is

  clears when the drawer is replaced.

  The box 5 contains an overcurrent relay used to control the opening of the device in the event of a fault resulting in an overcurrent. The box also contains the mechanism for rotating the control shaft 38, making it possible to carry out opening and closing cycles of the vacuum interrupter Figure 17 is a block diagram of this mechanism, the advantage of which is that it is directly linked to the control shaft 38 of the circuit breaker. to give the principle of this mechanism; its implementation is within the reach of those skilled in the art who can usefully refer to the Engineering Techniques, High voltage electrical switchgear, by Eugène MAURY, D 657-4, page 49. In the figure 17, we recognize the shaft 38 disposed inside the metal section 4 secured to the control unit 5. The mechanism comprises a drum 80 provided with a spring and which constitutes the reservoir of operating energy A motor reducer 81 used to drive the drum to reset the spring The drum rotates a shaft 8210 always rotating in the same direction under the action of the rebound of the spring; this shaft is associated with hooking devices 83 with electric or manual control, making it possible to carry out the usual opening and closing cycles (for example an OPEN cycle, 0.1 seconds 15 CLOSING, OPENING) An eccentric device 84 makes it possible to transforming the one-way movement of the shaft 82 into an alternating circular movement communicated to the control shaft 38 of the poles of the self-disconnecting circuit breaker. The mechanism includes, as is well known, a

  manual resetting member comprising a crank 85 visible in FIGS. 1, 12 and 13.

  The invention typically applies to the production of medium-voltage cells (for example 36 k V) with high nominal current (typically 3,150 amperes and more). FIG. 18 schematically represents a station produced by means of several automatic circuit breakers disconnectors such as 101 and 102; the self-disconnecting circuit breaker 101 is placed in a cell 110 similar to that shown with reference to FIGS. 9 to 13 and comprising the incoming cables 111; the other self-disconnecting circuit breakers are placed in coupling cells such as 120

  coupled to cells such as 121 busbar rise.

Claims (14)

  1 / Multipolar self-disconnecting circuit breaker comprising for each pole a double insulating bushing (10) surrounding a vacuum interrupter (14) and comprising at a first end a first connection element (20 A) connected to a first terminal of the ampoule and intended to be electrically connected to an incoming conductor, and at a second end a second connection element (20 B) connected to the other terminal of the bulb and intended to be electrically connected to a starting conductor, characterized in that each crossing further comprises at least two metal blades (7, 8) passing right through it and opening out to form external sockets (7 A, 7 B, 8 A, 8 B) intended à15 be connected respectively to said outgoing conductor and said incoming conductor, the bushings being fixed to the same metal section (4) along and sheltered from which is placed a common operating shaft (38) a ux bulbs and actuated by a command to operate the bulbs contained in a box secured to the profile, the latter being able to be actuated in rotation, the sockets (7 A, 8 A, 7 B, 8 B) and the connection elements (20 A , 20 B) cited above of the   crossing being arranged so that the rotation of the profile (4) first causes the switching of the current passing through said blades in the vacuum interrupter (14), then the sectioning of the device.   2 / A self-disconnecting circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating passage of each pole comprises a first cavity in which is housed the vacuum interrupter (14), said ampoule comprising an insulating envelope (15) closed by a first (16) and second 17) metal flanges, the first metal flange (16) being externally connected to one (20 A) of said connection elements and internally to a fixed contact (18) of the vacuum interrupter, said second flange (17) being tightly traversed by a movable metal rod (22) carrying a second contact (21), movable, of the vacuum interrupter (14), the insulating passage comprising a second cavity communicating with the first cavity and in which is disposed a metal tube (25) mechanically connected to the vacuum interrupter (14) and electrically connected to said movable metal rod (22), said tube (25) containing a control rod ( 30) connected to said movable metal rod (22), the insulating bushings of each pole being fixed to said metal profile (4), the control rod (30) of each pole being mechanically connected to said control shaft (38) by the intermediate a lever (32) articulated on an end piece (26) integral with the metal tube (25), an insulating arm (35) articulated by a first end to said lever (32) and by a second end 15 a connecting rod (37) wedged on said shaft (38), said end piece (26) being mechanically and   electrically connected to said metal tube (25) and carrying said second connection element (20 B).   3 / Self-isolating circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that the first cavity has internal grooves (12) and parallel to the axis of the bushing, defining with the external wall of the vacuum interrupter ventilation channels , the air circulating in the metal tube (25) and penetrating into said channels by holes (25 A) in said tube.   4 / Self-disconnecting circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that the vacuum interrupter (14) is placed in an insulating cylindrical cage (13), for example made of resin, placed in said first cavity. 30 5 / Auto circuit breaker -sector according to claim 4, characterized in that said cage (13) has grooves   internal (13 A) parallel to its axis, defining with the wall of the vacuum interrupter (14) ventilation channels, the air circulating in the metal tube (25) and penetrating into said channels through holes (25 A ) in said tube.   6 / Self-disconnecting circuit breaker according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the holding   dielectric between said metal tube (25) and the wall of said second cavity is provided by a sheath (27) made of compressible insulating material slipped on said metal tube (25) and engaged in said second cavity   assembly being facilitated by the use of an insulating grease. 7 / A disconnecting circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that said sheath (27) is made of latex.   8 / Self-isolating circuit breaker according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the chain   kinematics between said control rod (30) and said control shaft (38) comprises a spring play adjustment mechanism. 15 9 / Self-disconnecting circuit breaker according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the end of   the control rod (30) comprises a tubular end portion (30 A) in which engages said movable rod (22), said movable rod comprising a light (22 A) in which is engaged a first pin (22 B ) passing through said control rod, a spring (22 C) pressing against   a first support washer (22 D) in contact with said end of the control rod (30), and against a second support washer (22 E) engaged in the movable rod (22) and held by a second pin (22 F) passing through the movable rod (22).   / Self-isolating circuit breaker according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the connection   mechanical of said metal tube (25) with the vacuum interrupter30 and the electrical connection of said metal tube (25) with said movable contact rod (22) is ensured by means of a sleeve (15 A) fixed to said second flange (17 ), a ring (15 B) secured to said sleeve (15 A) and to said tube (25), and of an accordion or socket type contact (15 C) disposed at   inside said ring and surrounding said rod (22).   11 / Self-disconnecting circuit breaker according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that said part   end (26) comprises two half-collars (41, 42) tightened on said metal tube and in abutment on the end of la5 insulating bushing (10).   12 / Self-isolating circuit breaker according to claim 11, characterized in that the half-collars (41, 42) comprise   lugs (45) cooperating with these cells made in the insulating bushing (10) to immobilize said metal tube (25) in rotation.   13 / Circuit breaker according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that said sheath (27) is blocked in   rotation by a circlip (28) tightened on said metal tube (25). 15 14 / Self-disconnecting circuit breaker according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the surface   outside of the insulating bushing (10) is metallized in the area adjacent to the support profile (4). 15 / Self-disconnecting circuit breaker according to one of   claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the crossing comprises, in the vicinity of the fillet (10 C) connecting the two   cavities, a metal grid (51 A) inserted during molding and setting to potential of said metal tube (25). 16 / Medium voltage cell, characterized in that it   comprises at least one self-disconnecting circuit breaker according to one of claims 1 to 15.   17 / Medium voltage cell according to claim 16, characterized in that it comprises a circuit breaker   disconnector according to one of claims 1 to 15, the latter being placed in a drawer (56) sliding in a box (55 A) comprising support insulators (58) for   a busbar (59) and support insulators (67) for a cable outlet (65), the metal support profile of the self-breaking circuit breaker being articulated on two opposite faces35 (56 A, 56 B) of said drawer, the auto circuit breaker disconnector being able, in the sectioned position, to take place entirely in the drawer (56) which can be at least partially but largely extracted from the box (55 A). 18 / Medium voltage cell according to claim 17, characterized in that the box (55 A) comprises a first, fixed flap (61), separating the space containing the bars (59) of the drawer space (56).   19 / Medium voltage cell according to one of claims   17 and 18, characterized in that the box (55 A) comprises a second flap (61 B), mobile, occupying when the   circuit breaker is in service, a position above the first flap (61) and coming, when the automatic circuit breaker   disconnector is in the sectioned position, occupy a place where it completely prevents, with the first flap (61), access to the space of the bars (59) from the space of the drawer (56).   20 / Medium tensile cell according to claim 19, characterized in that the movement of the second flap (61 B)   is ensured by a disc (61 C) driven in rotation by the rotation of the profile (4) and actuating at least one set of linkages (61 F, 61 G, 61 H, 61 I) connected to said second drawer (61 B) which slides in slides (61 A) fixed to the box (55 A).   21 / Medium voltage cell according to claim 20, characterized in that the disc (61 C) comprises a notch (61 K) cooperating with a latch (61 J) to immobilize the disc when the drawer (56) is removed, the latch being unlocked by action of the drawer when this   the latter is replaced. 22 / Medium voltage cell according to one of claims   17 to 21, characterized in that the slide (56) comprises a shutter (62) driven in rotation by the rotation of the circuit breaker-auto-selector when passing from the position   disconnected in the tripped position, and grounding the poles when the circuit breaker is in the disconnected position. 35 23 / Medium voltage cubicle according to one of the claims   17 to 22, characterized in that the rotation of the metal profile (4) is ensured by a geared motor (78) fixed to the drawer (56) and cooperating with a pinion (77) integral with the profile (4).   24 / Medium voltage substation including a cell (110)   according to one of claims 17 to 23 and at least one   cell (120) comprising a self-disconnecting circuit breaker   (102) according to one of claims 1 to 14, associated with a   busbar lift compartment (121).