FR2683856A1 - Heat engine with four supplemented stroke cycle. Gain in power by reintroduction, to the cycle, of the exhaust gases, and conversion of their energy into a motive force - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention consists of a transfer of the exhaust gases for the combustion chamber 1 to a secondary chamber 2 situated at the base of the cylinder. In this chamber, which is closed by the cylinder head 4, the gases moving about at a high speed are directed onto the bottom of the piston which is then performing an upwards movement, they exert on the latter a strong thrust thus converting the greater part of their kinetic energy into a motive force. Returned by reversal, they are discharged through the exhaust manifold (11).

Description

THERMAL ENGINE 4-cycle cycle completed
The object of the present invention is to increase the thermodynamic efficiency in a 4-stroke cycle thermal engine by the use in the cycle of the kinetic energy of the exhaust gases and the transformation of this energy into a driving force.

 In engines of conventional design, the gases released into the atmosphere represent a loss of 35% of the energy produced by the combustion of the fuel, a loss greater than the driving energy used estimated at around 25%, the remaining energy being dissipated in cooling radiation, and mechanical drive of the various equipment specific to the engine.

 In the engine according to the invention the novelty relates to the creation, at the base of the cylinders of a secondary chamber in which the gases arriving at high speed from the explosion chamber act on the bottom of the piston, or their kinetic energy turns into a driving force; the exhaust gases can be directed to a turbo-generator of electricity for total use of the remaining energy.

 It should be noted that, the four cycle times being preserved, the valve control mechanism in the upper part of the cylinders remains unchanged, the operation of the assembly therefore remains in accordance with the techniques currently developed.

 The accompanying drawings on plates 1/2 and 2/2 illustrate the invention.

PI 1/2 Figure 1 shows, according to the invention, the engine cylinder seen in
section on two planes specified in BB on figure 4 PI. 2/2.

FIG. 2 represents the cylinder block, seen in section along AA,
with, in the center the lower cylinder head, the gas inlets and outlets and
the purge air intake.

PI 2/2 Figure 3 is a graphical representation of the 4-stroke cycle
according to the invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic representation of an engine assembly
turbo generator according to the invention.

 With reference to these drawings, the invention can be explained as follows.

 The gases from the main chamber (explosion chamber) 1 are evacuated by the widest admissible opening, two valves for example, so that they acquire, as soon as they exit, the highest possible speed; they will then be transferred to the secondary chamber 2 located at the base of the cylinder, by a tube 3 of shape, section, and of a material such that they should only suffer very little loss in speed and temperature.

 The cylinder head 4 forming this chamber will include an inlet gutter 5 whose profile will be studied so that the gases arriving by 8 are directed towards the bottom of the piston on which they will exert a strong thrust towards the top dead center, they will lose there in the form of engine work, a large part of their energy and will be returned, by inversion, to the outlet gutter 6 and the exhaust opening 9 then directed by the collector It is to a turbo-generator of electricity in which they will yield usefully the rest of their live force, either in the open air, by interposed exhaust.

In order to ensure the sweeping of the secondary chamber 2, an air inlet 10 will be provided in the cylinder block, opposite the hot gas inlets 8 and outlet 9 and in correspondence with a notch 7 provided in the cylinder head 4 for ensure the distribution of air sucked
This air intake will be closed at any internal pressure by a spring valve 12 which will only open, by vacuum in the chamber 2, when the piston is raised to top dead center. (compression time) assisted opening maneuver, if necessary, by electromagnetic or other control in order to favor the entry of air.

 The mechanical device according to the invention allowing full use of the power of the so-called exhaust gases is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 PL. 1/2, it is of classic technical design; the piston being no longer subjected to axial forces may not have a skirt its height will be sufficient to locate the segments essential for sealing, lubrication, and for the two extremes, to resist heat due to the fact high temperatures in each of the two rooms.

The cylinder head 4 will form a body with the connecting rod slide. It will include, in its center a chamber with seals 13 without serving as a guide for the piston rod which passes through it, tubular rod which will ensure the transfer of the lubricating oil to the piston
The graph shown in fig. 3 PL 212 specifies for each of the four times the respective operations in each of the two chambers; the curves are only indicative for each function, without specifying the values.

 Dimension X represents the angle of rotation of the crankshaft between the point of opening of the exhaust valve and its position when the gases make contact with the bottom of the piston.

 For correct operation, the thrust of the gases on the underside of the piston should only take place during its ascent to top dead center, idle speed included, the angle of advance to the exhaust will be determined in result.

 The use of new technologies and new products, ceramics for example, can only increase the performance of the engine produced according to the invention.

 Figure 4 PL. 2/2 schematically shows, for example, a turbogenerator engine assembly (2 twin-cylinder blocks at 90): in this version, the production of certain elements of the turbo (mobile, fixed, or specially added elements) in catalyst materials can ensure less harmful residual gases when they exit the atmosphere.

Claims (4)

1 - Device authorizing the capture of the energy contained in the gases  exhaust of a heat engine, four-stroke cycle, and the  transformation of this energy into a driving force, characterized by:  transfer of gases from explosion chamber 1 to secondary chamber 2  located at the base of the cylinder, in this chamber they are led by a  appropriate profile of the cylinder head 4 against the bottom of the piston, hence after transfer  of energy transformed into motive force, they will be returned towards the orifice  exhaust 6 then driven by It to a turbo-generator  of electricity for use of the remaining energy. 2 - Device according to claim 1 characterized: in that the cylinder head 4  forming the secondary chamber 2 is integral with the foot slide of  connecting rod, it has in its center, a chamber with seals 13  allowing free passage of the piston rod. 3 - Device according to claim 1 characterized by: a valve 12  purge air intake in the secondary chamber 2 having for  function to allow the entry of air by 10 and 7 when room 2 is  in depression, and to oppose any gas outlet during the others  cycle time. 4- Device according to claim 1 characterized by: the use of energy  gas remaining at the outlet of secondary chamber 2 for training  a turbo-generator ensuring electrical production and, if possible,  treating gases passing through the turbo by passing over catalyst materials  so as to evacuate only the minimum of harmful gases.