FR2669990A1 - Method and device for making use, under improved safety conditions, of buried tanks of liquefied gas - Google Patents

Method and device for making use, under improved safety conditions, of buried tanks of liquefied gas Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2669990A1
FR2669990A1 FR9014992A FR9014992A FR2669990A1 FR 2669990 A1 FR2669990 A1 FR 2669990A1 FR 9014992 A FR9014992 A FR 9014992A FR 9014992 A FR9014992 A FR 9014992A FR 2669990 A1 FR2669990 A1 FR 2669990A1
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Prior art keywords
storage
tank
valve
gas
line
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Granted
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FR9014992A
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French (fr)
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FR2669990B1 (en
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Dufourneaud Jean
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/007—Underground or underwater storage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/76—Large containers for use underground
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/22—Safety features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0379—Manholes or access openings for human beings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/221—Welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/013—Single phase liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/036—Control means using alarms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0408—Level of content in the vessel
    • F17C2250/0413—Level of content in the vessel with floats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/061—Level of content in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0626—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0631—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/05—Improving chemical properties
    • F17C2260/053—Reducing corrosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0142—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed underground
    • F17C2270/0144—Type of cavity
    • F17C2270/0147—Type of cavity by burying vessels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

Safety device making it possible, in the event of danger, to isolate totally an underground tank (59) of liquefied gas by closing each connector (61) as with filling, drawing-off and the like, between the tank and the surface user installations by means of a quick-closing positive-safety automatic valve (66) located in a compartment (63) of the tank and controlled by a fuse and by continuous detection of the gas, as well as by a clack valve (69) with quick closure in the same compartment as the valve and triggered by a calibration flow rate calculated for normal conditions of use being exceeded. Maximum overall safety is obtained by installing no important equipment in the buried reservoir, by standardising the filling and drawing-off connections, taking all the connections to the outside via the top (60) of the tank and by installing all of the sensitive part of the instrumentation in a leaktight tube allowing dismantling for maintenance and repair without halting the use.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour garantir la sécurité dFun stockage sous talus de gaz liquXfi6.  The present invention relates to a method and a device for ensuring the safety of an embankment storage of liquified gas.

Le stockage est gXn6ralement constitue d'un cylindre dacier de grand diamètre recouvert de terres quil soit positionne entièrement ou partiellement sous le niveau du sol. Tous les dangers liés à la possibilitX d'un feu sous le stockage sont donc ainsi éliminés. The storage is usually made of a large diameter steel cylinder covered with land whether it is positioned wholly or partially below ground level. All dangers related to the possibility of a fire under storage are thus eliminated.

Différentes liaisons par tuyauteries assurent les communications nXcessaires entre le stockage et la surface afin de réaliser les fonctions XlXmentaires permettant le fonctionnement du stockage: remplissage,soutirage, extraction de leau, mesures de niveau température, pression alarmes. Various piping connections ensure the necessary communications between the storage and the surface in order to perform the XlMinements functions allowing the operation of the storage: filling, withdrawal, extraction of water, temperature level measurements, alarm pressure.

Traditionnellement des liaisons entre stockage et surface comportent de très gros équipements mécaniques,électriques,ou de mesures situés a l'intérieur du stockage et dont la manutention parois fréquente pour rXparation ou entretien nXcessite de très gros moyens et crée des situations potentiellement dangereusess pouvant même amener a arrSter le stockage le vider et lsinerter. Le procXdX selon lsinvention remédie a cet inconvénient en supprimant tous les équipements lourds du stockage et en sortant leur fonction hors du stockage. Traditionally, connections between storage and the surface include very large mechanical, electrical, or measurement equipment located inside the storage area, whose frequent handling for repair or maintenance requires very large means and creates potentially dangerous situations that can even lead to to stop the storage empty it and liner it. The procXdX according to the invention overcomes this disadvantage by removing all the heavy equipment storage and leaving their function out of storage.

Traditionnellement les liaisons entre le stockage et la surface sont spécialisées et donc généralement on ne peut remplacer 1-une par une autre ce qui peut amener des situations opératoires potentiellement dangereuses en cas de défaillance temporaire ou définitive de l'une des liaisons. Le procédé selon lpinvention banalise les liaisons autres que la liaison gaz d'évent permettant ainsi le report de la fonction d'une liaison défaillante sur une autre liaison et préservant ainsi la sécurité des opérations. Ainsi la ligne de remplissage et celle de soutirage du produit stocké sont interchangeables. Traditionally, the links between the storage and the surface are specialized and therefore generally one can not replace one by another which can lead to potentially dangerous operating situations in the event of temporary or permanent failure of one of the links. The method according lpinvention trivializes the links other than the vent gas connection thus allowing the transfer of the function of a faulty link on another link and thus preserving the safety of operations. Thus the filling line and the withdrawal line of the stored product are interchangeable.

Traditionnellement les stockages sous talus comportent soit des piquages de certaines liaisons dans la partie inférieure du cylindre de stockages augmentant les risques de corrosion et de fuites cachées, soit une des extrémités du cylindre est découverte pour permettre lsaccEs a certains piquages bas, rendant la protection contre le feu incomplète. Le dispositif selon invention remédie à ces inconvénients car il ne nécessite que des accès par le haut du cylindre.  Traditionally, embankment storage has either connections of certain connections in the lower part of the storage cylinder increasing the risk of corrosion and hidden leakage, or one of the ends of the cylinder is uncovered to allow access to certain low connections, making the protection against incomplete fire. The device of the invention overcomes these disadvantages because it only requires access from the top of the cylinder.

Traditionnellement les canalisations sortant du réservoir sont équipées de clapets ou vannes à fermeture rapide qui peuvent
Btre internes au réservoir et nécessitent lsarrEt du stockage en cas d'inspection ou réparation; ils peuvent également entre externes mais alors la canalisation entre réservoir et clapet npest pas protégée. Le dispositif selon lpinvention remédie a ces inconvénients car les clapets et vannes de sécurité sont situés dans des compartiments étanches solidaires du réservoir et sont démontables sans arrgt des opérations du stockage.Traditionally the pipes leaving the tank are equipped with valves or quick-closing valves which can
Be internal to the tank and require stopping of storage in case of inspection or repair; they can also between external but then the pipe between tank and valve is not protected. The device according 1'inpinvention overcomes these disadvantages because the valves and safety valves are located in tight compartments integral with the reservoir and are removable without stopping the storage operations.

La figure i représente le schéma de principe de lsensemble des liaisons entre le stockage sous talus et la surface. Des équipements lourds mécaniques, électriques ou électroniques servent a assurer les fonctions élémentaires autres que la fonction évents permettant le fonctionnement du stockage, comme: remplissage, soutirage, extraction de I > eau, mesures de niveau, température, pression, alarmes. Selon une caractéristique de lZinvention tous les équipements lourds sont installés en surface, hors du réservoir, permettant ainsi de concevoir un type de liaison standard entre le réservoir et la surface qui peut servir à assurer indifféremment le remplissage ou le soutirage du produit. En fonction des choix opératoires chaque fonction peut être réalisée par une ou plusieurs liaisons entre réservoir et surface.Sur la figure 1 ont été représentées par exemple une liaison pour le soutirage (21),une liaison pour le remplissage (31) et une liaison pour lsextraction de lpeau (41). Figure 1 represents the schematic diagram of the set of connections between the embankment storage and the surface. Heavy mechanical, electrical or electronic equipment is used to provide the elementary functions other than the function of the vents allowing the operation of the storage, such as: filling, withdrawing, water extraction, level measurements, temperature, pressure, alarms. According to a feature of the invention all heavy equipment is installed on the surface, out of the tank, allowing to design a type of standard connection between the tank and the surface that can be used to ensure indifferently the filling or withdrawal of the product. Depending on the operating choices, each function can be carried out by one or more connections between the reservoir and the surface. FIG. 1 shows for example a connection for the withdrawal (21), a connection for filling (31) and a connection for the extraction of the skin (41).

Chaque liaison standard comporte un tube (1 ou 31) ouvert dans la phase liquide du gaz liquéfié stocké juste au dessus du niveau du fond du stockage, et qui remonte jusqupen partie haute du réservoir.Each standard connection comprises a tube (1 or 31) open in the liquid phase of the liquefied gas stored just above the level of the bottom of the storage, and which goes up to the upper part of the tank.

La figure 1 montre aussi la liaison assurant le soutirage du gaz liquéfié hors du stockage. Selon une caractéristique de lvinvention cette opération se fait en phase mixte liquide/gaz a travers la ligne (21). La phase mixte est séparée dans le ballon séparateur (25) dont la phase gaz est reprise par le compresseur (26) et renvoyée au réservoir par la ligne gaz (i). La phase liquide du ballon (?5) est expédiée aux utilisateurs par la pompe (2S).Selon la caractéristique de 1-invention une conséquence du soutirage en phase mixte et du renvoi de la phase gaz comprimée vers le stockage est quaprbs peu de temps la pression dans le ciel gazeux du stockage sera supérieure à la pression d'équilibre correspondant a la température du gaz liquéfié stocké et que progressivement la proportion de gaz dans la phase mixte de la ligne de soutirage diminuera éventuellement jusqu'à s annuler tant que la pression dans le stockage restera suffisante. Lorsque la pression dans le stockage aura trop baissé Inaction du compresseur reprendra pour la faire remonter. Figure 1 also shows the connection ensuring the withdrawal of the liquefied gas out of storage. According to a characteristic of the invention, this operation is done in the mixed liquid / gas phase through the line (21). The mixed phase is separated in the separator tank (25) whose gas phase is taken up by the compressor (26) and returned to the tank by the gas line (i). The liquid phase of the flask (5) is sent to the users by the pump (2S). According to the characteristic of 1-invention, a consequence of the mixed phase withdrawal and the return of the compressed gas phase to the storage is in a short time. the pressure in the gaseous atmosphere of the storage will be greater than the equilibrium pressure corresponding to the temperature of the stored liquefied gas and that progressively the proportion of gas in the mixed phase of the withdrawal line will eventually decrease until it cancels as long as the pressure in the storage will remain sufficient. When the pressure in the storage has gone down too much Inaction of the compressor will resume to make it go up.

I1 sFagit d > un équilibre autostable en ce sens que lpaugmentation maximum de pression dans le stockage est limitée strictement a la valeur qui permet la remontée du liquide seul dans la ligne de soutirage du produit sans nécessité de phase mixte. Afin de donner un ordre de grandeur on peut dire que la colonne liquide à vaincre dans la ligne de sortie du produit sera inférieure à 10 mètres et que lpaugmentation maximum de pression dans le stockage au dela de la tension de vapeur du produit stocké sera inférieure à 0,5 bar environ. It is a free-standing equilibrium in that the maximum pressure increase in the storage is strictly limited to the value that allows the liquid to rise alone in the product withdrawal line without the need for a mixed phase. In order to give an order of magnitude, it can be said that the liquid column to be conquered in the output line of the product will be less than 10 meters and that the maximum pressure increase in the storage beyond the vapor pressure of the stored product will be less than About 0.5 bar.

La figure 1 montre également la liaison de remplissage du gaz liquéfié. I1 assagit d'un simple tube (31) plongeant au fond du stockage identique à la ligne de soutirage du produit (21). Figure 1 also shows the filling connection of the liquefied gas. It involves a simple tube (31) plunging to the bottom of the storage identical to the withdrawal line of the product (21).

La figure 1 montre aussi la liaison dextraction de lpeau du stockage. Selon une caractéristique de linvention, elle se fait dans la ligne principale (41) ouverte dans la botte dseau (44) située en partie basse du stockage ce qui permet au niveau d'eau de monter dans la ligne principale (41) si la contrepression au bout de cette ligne est abaissée au dessous de la pression du stockage.La ligne principale (41) amène lseau au ballon (43) dot elle est évacuée par la pompe (47). Lorsqupune dépressurisation est nécessaire pour amorcer le débit d'eau entre la botte (44) et le ballon (43) elle est obtenue soit par un petit compresseur ou une pompe à vide (45) aspirant du gaz du ballon (43) et le refoulant au stockage par sa ligne gaz (1).Une vanne de controle (42) arrête le débit d'eau lorsque le niveau d > eau (46) dans la botte (44) baisse trop. Une vanne de controle (48) maintient le niveau d'eau dans le ballon (4S' grace au controleur de niveau (49). Figure 1 also shows the extraction link of the storage water. According to a feature of the invention, it is done in the main line (41) open in the water truss (44) located in the lower part of the storage which allows the water level to go up in the main line (41) if the counterpressure at the end of this line is lowered below the storage pressure. The main line (41) brings the water to the balloon (43) and it is evacuated by the pump (47). When a depressurization is necessary to initiate the flow of water between the boot (44) and the balloon (43) it is obtained either by a small compressor or a vacuum pump (45) sucking gas from the balloon (43) and pushing it back storage by its gas line (1) .A control valve (42) stops the flow of water when the water level (46) in the boot (44) too low. A control valve (48) maintains the water level in the flask (4S 'through the level controller (49).

La figure 1 montre aussi selon lpinvention les 2 sondes de niveau (52 et 53) de préférence installées sur une seule ligne de mesure (51), suffisantes pour déterminer les niveaux utiles du stockage. La ligne de mesure (51) peut également contenir une sonde de température. Pour pouvoir démonter sans risque pendant la marche du stockage les parties fragiles des éléments de mesure ,électriques ou électroniques, on prendra avantageusement des sondes magnétiques avec toute la partie mesure sensible a l'intérieur de la ligne (51) constituée par un tube étanche par rapport au réservoir. Cette partie sensible est donc démontable sans le moindre risque de fuite. Seuls les flotteurs magnétiques (52 et 53) sont situés a l'extérieur du tube guide étanche (51).  FIG. 1 also shows, according to the invention, the two level probes (52 and 53) preferably installed on a single measurement line (51), sufficient to determine the useful levels of the storage. The measurement line (51) may also contain a temperature probe. In order to be able to disassemble the fragile parts of the measuring elements, electrical or electronic, during the course of storage, it is advantageous to use magnetic probes with all the sensitive measuring part inside the line (51) constituted by a sealed tube by compared to the tank. This sensitive part can be removed without any risk of leakage. Only the magnetic floats (52 and 53) are located outside the sealed guide tube (51).

Le flotteur (5) donne le niveau du gaz liquéfié () dans le réservoir et le flotteur (53) donne le niveau d'eau (46) dans la botte.The float (5) gives the level of the liquefied gas () in the tank and the float (53) gives the level of water (46) in the boot.

La figure 2 montre l'installation et la protection du clapet (69) et de la vanne automatique (66) a fermeture rapide équipant chaque canalisation sortant du réservoir à travers un trou de main ou trou dhomme (60). La canalisation < est soudée a la bride pleine (62) du trou d'homme qu elle traverse. Le trou d'homme est surmonté d'un manchon (63) qui sert de protection aux organes de sécurité. La canalisation (61) traverse la bride pleine (64) de fermeture du manchon (63) a travers un presseétoupe (67) ou autre système d'étanchéité équivalent.Dans le manchon (63), juste en sortie de la bride pleine (62) la canalisation (61) est équipée d'une vanne d'isolement (65) manuelle servant, lorsque nécessaire, a isoler du réservoir le clapet à fermeture rapide (69) et la vanne a fermeture rapide (66), positionnés juste au dessus de la vanne manuelle, pour entretien ou réparation. Le clapet (69) sera taré pour se déclencher en cas de dépassement d'un débit calculé en fonction des conditions normales d'exploitation. La vanne automatique (66) à fermeture rapide sera à sécurité positive, actionnée hydrauliquement ou pneumatiquement (68) et commandée par fusible, détection continue de gaz, et toute autre détection de danger. Le clapet (69) et la vanne automatique (66) sont démontables sans arrSt de opération du réservoir. En effet il suffit de desserrer le presse-étoupe (67), de relever la bride pleine (64) du manchon (63), de fermer la vanne manuelle d'isolement (65) puis d'effectuer le démontage.  Figure 2 shows the installation and protection of the valve (69) and the quick-closing automatic valve (66) fitted to each line exiting the tank through a hand hole or manhole (60). The pipe <is welded to the full flange (62) of the manhole it passes through. The manhole is surmounted by a sleeve (63) which serves as protection for the security organs. The pipe (61) passes through the full closure flange (64) of the sleeve (63) through a cable gland (67) or other equivalent sealing system. In the sleeve (63), just at the outlet of the solid flange (62). the pipe (61) is equipped with a manual isolation valve (65) serving, when necessary, to isolate from the tank the quick-closing valve (69) and the quick-closing valve (66), positioned just above of the manual valve, for maintenance or repair. The valve (69) will be calibrated to trigger if a flow rate calculated according to the normal operating conditions is exceeded. The automatic quick-closing valve (66) will be positive-secured, hydraulically or pneumatically actuated (68) and fuse-controlled, continuous gas detection, and any other hazard detection. The valve (69) and the automatic valve (66) are removable without stopping the operation of the reservoir. In fact, it suffices to loosen the gland (67), to raise the full flange (64) of the sleeve (63), to close the manual isolation valve (65) and then to perform the disassembly.

Claims (5)

REvENDICATIONS claims t) Procédé pour garantir la sécurité d'un stockage sous talus de gaz liquéfié consistant en un cylindre métallique étanche et caractérisé en ce que toute liaison entre réservoir et surface, est dépourvue de tout équipement lourd spécialisé à l'intérieur du réservoir, sort du réservoir en sa partie supérieure et que certaines liaisons banalisées comme l'emplissage et le soutirage du produit sont interchangeables, l'ensemble de toutes lesdites liaisons sortant du stockage étant isolables en cas de danger, au plus près du réservoir, soit automatiquement soit volontairement par des clapets et vannes de sécurité.a fermeture rapide et sécurité positive. t) A method for guaranteeing the safety of an underground storage of liquefied gas consisting of a sealed metal cylinder and characterized in that any connection between the tank and the surface, is devoid of any specialized heavy equipment inside the tank, leaves the reservoir at its upper part and that some unmarked connections such as filling and withdrawal of the product are interchangeable, the set of all said links leaving the storage being isolable in case of danger, closer to the tank, either automatically or voluntarily by valves and safety valves.a quick closing and positive security. 2) -Procédé selon la revendication t et caractérisé en ce que l'extraction du gaz liquéfié du stockage se fait en phase mixte liquide/gaz par la ligne principale (21), ladite phase mixte étant séparée dans le ballon séparateur (5) dont la phase gaz est reprise par le compresseur (26) et renvoyée au stockage par la ligne gaz (1) pendant que la phase liquide du ballon (25) est expédiée aux utilisateurs par la pompe (28).  2) -Procédé according to claim t and characterized in that the extraction of liquefied gas storage is in mixed liquid / gas phase by the main line (21), said mixed phase being separated in the separator tank (5) including the gas phase is taken up by the compressor (26) and returned to storage by the gas line (1) while the liquid phase of the balloon (25) is sent to the users by the pump (28). 3) Procédé selon la revendication i et caractérisé en ce que l'extraction de l'eau du stockage se fait par la ligne principale (41) ouverte dans la botte du stockage (44) ce qui permet au niveau d'eau de monter dans la ligne (41) Si la contrepression au bout de cette ligne est abaissée au dessous de la pression du stockage, ledit abaissement de pression étant obtenu, si nécessaire, par un petit compresseur ou une pompe à vide aspirant le gaz du ballon séparateur (43) et le refoulant au stockage par sa ligne gaz (1) lors des opérations d'amorçage alors que l'eau arrivée du stockage au ballon (43) en est extraite par la pompe (47) fournissant la pression désirée, ladite extraction d'eau se faisant sous controle du niveau dans le ballon (43) par le controleur (49) commandant la vanne de controle (48) alors que le niveau d'eau (46) dans la botte (44) est contr8lé par la vanne de contrôle (42) commandée par le controleur de niveau (  3) Process according to claim i and characterized in that the extraction of the water storage is done by the main line (41) open in the boot of the storage (44) which allows the water level to rise in the line (41) If the backpressure at the end of this line is lowered below the pressure of the storage, said lowering of pressure being obtained, if necessary, by a small compressor or a vacuum pump sucking the gas from the separator tank (43). ) and the storage discharge by its gas line (1) during the priming operations while the water from the storage tank (43) is extracted by the pump (47) providing the desired pressure, said extraction of water being under control of the level in the tank (43) by the controller (49) controlling the control valve (48) while the water level (46) in the boot (44) is controlled by the control valve (42) controlled by the level controller ( 4) Procédé selon la revendication i et caractérisé en ce que les deux sondes de niveau t52 et 53),de type magnétique, sont démontables en sécurité, car les détecteurs sensibles sont à l'intérieur d'un tube étanche par rapport au stockage.  4) A method according to claim i and characterized in that the two level probes t52 and 53), magnetic type, are securely dismountable because the sensitive sensors are inside a sealed tube relative to the storage. 5) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 et caractérisé en ce que les canalisations opératoires sortant du réservoir sont equipées d'un clapet (69) à fermeture rapide déclenché par dépassement d'un débit de tarage et dune vanne automatique < 66) à fermeture rapide et à sécurité positive commandée par fusible, par détection en continu de gaz et par tout autre détection de danger,lesdits clapet (69) et vanne automatique (66) étant protégés par un manchon étanche (63) solidaire du réservoir et étant démontables sans arrêt opératoire du réservoir grâce à l'ouverture du manchon de protection (63) puis a l'isolement de la canalisation (61) ( par par la vanne manuelle (65).  5) Device according to claim 1 and characterized in that the operating channels out of the tank are equipped with a valve (69) quick closing triggered by exceeding a calibration rate and a quick-closing <66) automatic valve and positive-safety circuit controlled by fuse, by continuous detection of gas and by any other danger detection, said valve (69) and automatic valve (66) being protected by a sealed sleeve (63) integral with the reservoir and being removable without an operating stop of the tank by opening the protective sleeve (63) and then isolating the pipe (61) (via the manual valve (65).
FR9014992A 1990-11-30 1990-11-30 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE ENHANCED SAFETY OPERATION OF TANKS UNDER LIQUEFIED GAS TALUS. Expired - Fee Related FR2669990B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105600726A (en) * 2016-03-02 2016-05-25 大庆华凯石油化工设计工程有限公司 Tank-bottom-cleaning buried material tank device

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2895305A (en) * 1954-12-20 1959-07-21 Phillips Petroleum Co L.p.g. removal from underground storage
EP0013854A1 (en) * 1978-12-28 1980-08-06 Société française de stockage géologique "GEOSTOCK" (Société à responsabilité limitée) Process and security device for the underground storage of a fluid under pressure

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2895305A (en) * 1954-12-20 1959-07-21 Phillips Petroleum Co L.p.g. removal from underground storage
EP0013854A1 (en) * 1978-12-28 1980-08-06 Société française de stockage géologique "GEOSTOCK" (Société à responsabilité limitée) Process and security device for the underground storage of a fluid under pressure

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105600726A (en) * 2016-03-02 2016-05-25 大庆华凯石油化工设计工程有限公司 Tank-bottom-cleaning buried material tank device
CN105600726B (en) * 2016-03-02 2018-02-06 大庆华凯石油化工设计工程有限公司 The buried material tank arrangement of peace and quiet tank bottom

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