FR2647336A1 - Novel dressings having improved absorption, and their applications - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of hygiene and more particularly to the field of absorbent articles. It relates more especially to protective dressings characterised in that they are formed of an absorbent pad made from defibrated paper pulp, surrounded on the external face by a layer of cellulose wadding, in that the whole is folded back on itself in several longitudinal folds held together by a gluing device located longitudinally on the two edges of the upper sheet and in that they have one end which is sealed, especially by heat-welding. The dressings according to the invention exhibit improved properties of absorption, protection, handling and toleration by wounds.

Description

# w7EArz DRESSINGS WITH ABSELPTION MELI # EE #
AND THEIR APPLICPIICNS
The present invention relates to the field of hygiene and more particularly to the field of absorbent articles.

It relates more particularly to hygiene articles having an improved absorption capacity and intended to be applied to wounds, bruises or burns.

It specifically relates to protective dressings characterized in that they are formed of an absorbent cushion of defibrated paper pulp, wrapped on the external face of a layer of cellulose wadding, that the assembly is folded over it -even in several longitudinal folds held together by an adhesive device placed longitudinally on the two edges of the upper sheet and that they have a sealed end.

The dressings, object of the invention, have a quadrangular shape, preferably parallelepiped, closed at one end by heat sealing and kept folded by gluing by means of a thermal glue.

The absorbent cushion is made of so-called fluff paper pulp, purified and bleached, in long fibers, devoid of optical brightener or surfactant.

The external envelope is formed of cellulose wadding enveloping the absorbent pad, physiologically neutral, of pH close to neutrality and sterilizable with heat - if desired - without modification of the physical or chemical characteristics.

The main features of this article. of dressing are its great absorbency of liquids and its permeability to gases and air.

The absorption and diffusion analyzes carried out with water or biological liquids have shown an absorbency of the order of 10: 1. This power is further increased after sterilization of the dressing articles.

The dressing articles according to the invention can be cut into very variable dimensions depending on the use for which they are intended. They are held in place by fixing with an adhesive material to the skin.

These dressing articles are, moreover, very flexible and can therefore be applied, without difficulty, to any part of the human body or to crevices such as the eyeball. Thanks to their high absorbency, they can be left for a long period of time on a wound without liquids being able to exude. They do not adhere to healthy skin or sores or burns. Their elasticity and lightness constitute a means of distributing pressures and therefore make it possible to protect irritated or inflamed areas against additional damage resulting from compression or friction.

These dressing articles also have the advantage of not modifying the microbial flora at the level of a wound; they apply to wounds which they facilitate healing. Since it is possible to leave said dressing articles in place for a prolonged period (24 to 48 h) without irritation, the adhesion of the dressing to the wound, even if the product is not a problem, and its removal is much more as easy as cotton dressing items such as gauze or compresses.

These dressing articles advantageously replace cotton wool in its usual indications of protection or packaging either of a material or of a wound, as well as as an absorbent. No significant drawback has been noted in its uses, whether in wounds, the skin or a surgical material. Its qualities of pressure distribution and maneuverability play a very important role in surgery and geriatrics as a material for the protection of bedsores or crural wounds.

Figure 1 attached shows a sectional view of an embodiment of the dressing article according to the invention. It has an absorbent mass of untreated defibrated wood pulp (4), distributed in three superimposed plies wrapped in a sheet of cellulose wadding (5) having on the outer face a protective outer sheet (2) cellulose enveloping the whole, a longitudinal line of sizing (1) disposed along the upper face of the sheet of cellulose wadding (2) and, symmetrically, on the external sheet, projecting from the sheet of cellulose wadding. The two outer folds of the sheets (2) of cellulose wadding are furthermore assembled together at a thinned end, terminated by a welded tongue (3).

In a preferred embodiment, the outer envelope (2) is made of cellulose wadding at 20 mg / m2 formed of natural fibers without optiphium brightener.

The assembly is cut into parallelepipeds of rectangular or square surface, in particular preferably 5 × 5 cm, 15 × 15 or 50 × 50 cm depending on the place of application envisaged. The cutting mode and dimensions are left available to the user whenever possible.

The dressing articles according to the invention find a valuable application to avoid the appearance of bedsores or to stop their aggravation by placing a large piece of dressing (15 × 15) on the region and in particular on the sacred region. There is a better anti-pressure effect than for the same thickness of cotton; The dressing articles according to the invention can also be applied to the heels or elbows using the dressing pieces with a smaller surface area (5 × 5 cm).

The dressing articles according to the invention also find an application for the protection and healing of arteritic wounds, varicose wounds and crural ulcers.

The dressing articles according to the invention are intended to be left in place for 24 hours. They can also be left in place for 48 hours.

The dressing articles according to the invention can also absorb alcohol or alcoholic solutions and thus serve as wound cleaning articles.

The following examples illustrate the properties of the dressings according to the invention. They do not limit it in any way
EXAMPLE I
Determination of the absorbency of the dressing articles according to the invention.

Absorption and diffusion studies have been performed on dressing articles, before and after # sterilization, with physiological saline and with a suspension of red blood cells in physiological saline.

The absorption coefficient measured at 200 at 65% relative humidity was determined by measuring the amount of water retained by 1 g of pressure-free dressing article.

 The samples are immersed in water for 10 seconds, then drained for 30 seconds. We weigh each dressing.

SAMPLE WEIGHT TO DRY WEIGHT after QUANTITY OF WATER
(g) IMMERSION RETAINED before autoclaving 11.28 155.5 144.21
11.0695 149.6 138.53
11.2380 154.2 142.96
average .............. 141.90 after autoclaving 11.2102 149.7 138.48
<1340C for 6 ') 11.1690 146.2 133.03
11.2892 147.4 136.11
Average ; 136.54
Absorption speed:
The time necessary for the total impregnation with water of a dressing deposited on the surface of a crystallizer filled with water is measured.

SAMPLE IMMERSION TIME AVERAGE TIME before autoclaving 14 seconds
12 seconds 14 seconds
16 seconds after autoclaving 11 seconds (1340C - 8 min) 10 seconds 10.75 seconds
11 seconds
The faster the absorption speed, the shorter the time required to get the dressing sample to drop to the bottom of the beaker.

Measurement of absorption / diffusion
The distribution of a liquid inside the dressing according to the invention is demonstrated under standardized conditions using an aqueous solution of a dye.

The sample is made to absorb a volume of this liquid in a determined time then this sample is subjected to a pressure for a few minutes and finally, thanks to its coloring, we observe the distribution of the liquid inside the different parts of the dressing .

METHOD:
The dressing being well stretched on a flat surface, the tip of a burette is applied to the geometric center of the sample. Is poured at 1% at a flow rate of 5 ml / hrn.

A constant pressure is exerted on the dressing sample by placing on it a load of 2 kg uniformly distributed for a duration of 5 min.

The load is removed and the dressings are observed.

Unsterilized dressing
- Initial weight 9.2 to 12 g
- Weight after 5 min 69.5 to 89.9 g
Average coefficient of the # quantity of water retained per g of fluff dough: 7.51 g / g
Heat sterilized dressing (10 min at 138 C)
- Initial weight 9.2 to 10.5
- Weight after 5 minutes of immersion 91.5 to 113 g
Coefficient g of water per g of material: 9.94 to 10.8 g
Average 10.28 g / g of material
There is total absorption of the liquid by the central buffer without any appreciable diffusion on the external sheet.

A similar test was carried out with a reconstituted blood solution.

It also shows better absorption of the liquid with the dressing according to the invention heat sterilized.

Verification of the effectiveness of the dressing according to the invention.

According to a defined investigation protocol, out of 60 wounded patients (50 with bedsores, 10 vascular wounds), tolerance by the skin and by wounds, wound complications, maneuverability and the effectiveness of use due to a change every two days (6 cases) or a change twice a day (10 cases):
RESULTS: - Wound complications: none - maneuverability: good (57 cases)
moderate (3 cases) it is a dressing tear
without practical consequence.

- ease of use compared to cotton
cotton (20 cases) .... good 17
.... modest 3
. compresses (30 cases) .... good 25
modest 5
. American dressing (9 cases) .... good 9
.... modest 1
The use of the dressing according to the invention appears favorable compared to cotton, compresses and so-called American dressings from the point of view of the patient's hygiene and the development of the wound. Six cases of adherence to the wound were reported for changes every two days, on low oozing arterial wounds.

To remove the dressing in this case, moisten it thoroughly.

This dressing therefore advantageously replaces hydrophilic cotton in its protection and absorption functions. No particular drawbacks have been reported.

Claims (1)

CLAIMS The invention relates to 10 - Protective dressings characterized in that they are formed from an absorbent cushion of defibrated paper pulp (4), wrapped on the outside with a layer of cellulose wadding (5 ), that the assembly is folded back on itself in several longitudinal folds, kept assembled by an adhesive device (1) placed longitudinally on the upper sheet (2) and that they have a sealed end (3). 20- A dressing according to claim 10 wherein the absorbent pad is made of so-called fluff paper pulp having long fibers. 30- A dressing according to claim 10 and claim 20, wherein the outer envelope is formed of cellulose wadding enveloping the absorbent pad, physiologically neutral. 40 A dressing according to one of claims 1 to 30, wherein the material is capable of being sterilized by heat. 5 - A Vn! Nt according to one of claims 1 to 40 wherein the bonding device is formed of a strip of an adhesive means based on thermal glue. 60 A dressing according to one of claims 1 to 50 wherein the dressing article is formed of three superimposed plies assembled together by the adhesive device. 70- A dressing according to one of claims 1 to 60 cut into a parallelpipedic quadrangular shape. 80 - A dressing according to one of the preceding claims in  which an alcoholic solution is absorbed.  90 Use of the dressing according to claim 80, for the  wound cleaning.  10 - Use of the dressings according to one of claims  for the prevention and treatment of pressure sores.  11 - Use of the dressings according to one of claims  for the protection and healing of wounds  arteritic or varicose veins as well as crural ulcers.