FR2633215A1 - Method and device for the continuous shaping of thermoplastic sheets or films - Google Patents
Method and device for the continuous shaping of thermoplastic sheets or films Download PDFInfo
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- FR2633215A1 FR2633215A1 FR8808389A FR8808389A FR2633215A1 FR 2633215 A1 FR2633215 A1 FR 2633215A1 FR 8808389 A FR8808389 A FR 8808389A FR 8808389 A FR8808389 A FR 8808389A FR 2633215 A1 FR2633215 A1 FR 2633215A1
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- sheet
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/06—Embossing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/04—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
- B29C55/06—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique parallel with the direction of feed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
- B29C59/04—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts
- B29C59/046—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts for layered or coated substantially flat surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
- B29C65/1412—Infrared [IR] radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/472—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially flat
- B29C66/4722—Fixing strips to surfaces other than edge faces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
- B29C70/086—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers and with one or more layers of pure plastics material, e.g. foam layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D28/00—Producing nets or the like, e.g. meshes, lattices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/04—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the partial melting of at least one layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/0036—Heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2028/00—Nets or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
- B32B37/153—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un procédé, ainsi qu'un dispositif en vue de la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé, et permettant le façonnage et le travail en continu de matériaux sous forme de nappes ou films en matière thermoplastique.The present invention relates to a method and a device for carrying out this method, and allowing the shaping and continuous working of materials in the form of sheets or films of thermoplastic material.
On connait de nombreux procédés permettant la réalisation de nappes continues enroulées sur bobine, et constituées d'une matière thermoplastique de structures lacunaires.Numerous processes are known which allow the production of continuous sheets wound on a reel, and made of a thermoplastic material with incomplete structures.
Dans les procédés généralement utilisés la matière thermoplastique est extrudée depuis une filière tandis que des dispositifs mécaniques ou pneumatiques sont actionnés en face de cette filière de façon à interrompre par zones et momentanément le flux de matière thermoplastique extrudée en provoquant ainsi des perforations réparties sur la surface de la nappe.In the processes generally used, the thermoplastic material is extruded from a die while mechanical or pneumatic devices are actuated opposite this die so as to interrupt by zones and momentarily the flow of extruded thermoplastic material, thereby causing perforations distributed over the surface. of the tablecloth.
Généralement le tube extrudé par la filière annulaire est ensuite fendu selon une génératrice ce qui permet la réalisation d'une bande continue de structure lacunaire formant ainsi une grille, grillage ou filet.Generally the tube extruded by the annular die is then split along a generator which allows the production of a continuous strip of lacunar structure thus forming a grid, grating or net.
De tels produits ont des applications multiples notamment pour constituer des barrières, clôtures, nappes d'avertissement et de répérage de canalisations enfouies dans le sol, ou encore conditionnement de produits.Such products have multiple applications, in particular for constituting barriers, fences, warning and detection plies of pipes buried in the ground, or even product packaging.
Il est cependant parfois nécessaire de transformer, après sa production, la matière lacunaire ou grillage thermoplastique réalisé pour lui donner une forme, ou des dimensions répondant à un usage particulier ou plus spécifique.However, it is sometimes necessary to transform, after its production, the incomplete material or thermoplastic mesh produced to give it a shape or dimensions corresponding to a particular or more specific use.
On peut ainsi souhaiter conformer la nappe continue selon une densité de matière allégée, notamment dans un but d'économie ou en vue d'une efficacité améliorée, tout comme il peut être nécessaire de pratiquer dans cette nappe des ouvertures additionnelles par sectionnement de certaines zones ou encore d'incorporer à la nappe primaire, un élément longiforme (linéaire ou lui-même en forme de film ou feuille), de façon à aboutir à des produits plus élaborés et répondant à des spécifications particulières.It may thus be desired to conform the continuous ply according to a reduced material density, in particular for the purpose of economy or with a view to improved efficiency, just as it may be necessary to make additional openings in this ply by sectioning certain zones. or to incorporate into the primary ply, a elongated element (linear or itself in the form of a film or sheet), so as to result in more elaborate products and meeting specific specifications.
L'invention vise à permettre le façonnage de filets ou grilles en matière plastique afin de transformer l'état physique de la grille initiale et de la conduire jusqu'à un état final, après déformation, sectionnement, ou adjonction d'éléments rapportés, aptes à remplir un emploi ou une application plus particulière et pour lesquels les modifications du produit initial apparaissent nécessaires ou souhaitables.The invention aims to allow the shaping of plastic nets or grids in order to transform the physical state of the initial grid and to lead it to a final state, after deformation, cutting, or addition of added, suitable elements. to fulfill a more specific use or application and for which modifications of the initial product appear necessary or desirable.
Dans le cadre de la présente invention on utilise les caractéristiques thermoplastiques du matériau pour l'amener à un état physique qui lui permettra de subir les modifications programmées.In the context of the present invention, the thermoplastic characteristics of the material are used to bring it to a physical state which will allow it to undergo the programmed modifications.
A cet effet l'invention concerne en premier lieu un procédé pour le façonnage en continu de feuilles ou films en matière thermoplastique caractérisé par la succession des opérations suivantes.To this end, the invention relates firstly to a process for the continuous shaping of sheets or films of thermoplastic material characterized by the succession of the following operations.
- le film de matière thermoplastique est déroulé en continu depuis une bobine de stockage et il est conduit par des rouleaux de guidage à circuler dans une enceinte munie de moyens de chauffage, pendant une durée et à une température telle que le film est amené à la sortie de l'enceinte, par ramollissement thermique, à un état plastiquement déformable, - et le fim est conduit en cet état à passer sur des rouleaux d'appel et de travail où il subit des opérations entrainant des déformations physIques l'amenant à l'état final désiré. the film of thermoplastic material is unrolled continuously from a storage reel and it is led by guide rollers to circulate in an enclosure provided with heating means, for a duration and at a temperature such that the film is brought to the exit from the enclosure, by thermal softening, to a plastically deformable state, - and the film is led in this state to pass over rolls of call and work where it undergoes operations leading to physical deformations bringing it to the 'desired end state.
Selon une première forme de réalisation le film est constitué d'une grille plastique de structure lacunaire à mailles carrées ou en losanges
Plus spécialement et selon une forme de mise en oeuvre de réalisation de l'invention, la nappe de matière thermoplastique est appelée, à la sortie de l'enceinte chauffante, par des rouleaux entrai#nant cette nappe à une vitesse de défilement supérieure à la vitesse des rouleaux amont, en entrainant une traction sur la nappe ramollie provoquant elle-même 11 étirement et l'allongement. de la nappe.According to a first embodiment, the film consists of a plastic grid of incomplete structure with square or diamond mesh
More specifically and according to one embodiment of the invention, the sheet of thermoplastic material is called, at the exit from the heating chamber, by rollers driving this sheet at a traveling speed greater than the speed of the upstream rollers, causing traction on the softened sheet itself causing 11 stretching and elongation. of the tablecloth.
On préfèrera une vitesse des rouleaux d'appel comprise entre 1,5 et 5 fois la vitesse des rouleaux amont.We will prefer a speed of the take-up rollers between 1.5 and 5 times the speed of the upstream rollers.
Et plus spécialement l'étirement de la nappe à l'état de ramollissement thermique, est conduit de façon à provoquer une réorientation moléculaire des longues chaînes polymérisées constituant la matière thermoplastique, en provoquant ainsi l'alignement de ces chaines moléculaires dans le même sens et parallèlement à l'étirement de la nappe en provoquant ainsi un renforcement de cette dernière.And more especially the stretching of the sheet in the state of thermal softening, is carried out so as to cause a molecular reorientation of the long polymerized chains constituting the thermoplastic material, thereby causing the alignment of these molecular chains in the same direction and parallel to the stretching of the sheet thus causing a reinforcement of the latter.
Selon une autre forme de réalisation les opérations auxquelles est soumise la nappe ramollie au sortir de l'enceinte chauffante, provoque une déformation de la nappe par création d'inégalités de relief sur cette dernière.According to another embodiment, the operations to which the softened sheet is subjected when leaving the heating enclosure, causes a deformation of the sheet by creating unevenness in relief on the latter.
On peut notamment prévoir que ces inégalités de relief provoquent une inscription en creux ou en relief à la surface de la nappe.One can in particular provide that these unevenness in relief cause a hollow or raised inscription on the surface of the sheet.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique les opérations auxquelles est soumise la nappe ramollie provoquent des perforations dans la nappe créant des points ou lignes de faiblesse, constituant des amorces de ruptures dans es liens ou cordons constituant les mailles de la nappe lacunaire.According to yet another characteristic, the operations to which the softened sheet is subjected cause perforations in the sheet creating points or lines of weakness, constituting incipient ruptures in the links or cords constituting the meshes of the lacunar sheet.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique les opérations auxquelles est soumise la nappe constituent dans l'apport et la solidarisation à la surface de ladite nappe primaire, d'un élément secondaire appelé et rapporté en continu en constituant une nappe multicouches.According to yet another characteristic, the operations to which the ply is subjected constitute in the supply and the joining to the surface of said primary ply, of a secondary element called up and added continuously by constituting a multilayer ply.
Par exemple l'élément secondaire rapporté à une structure de nappes ou feuilles et les deux nappes respectivement primaire et secondaire sont contrecollées l'une sur l'autre par deux rouleaux de calendrage.For example, the secondary element attached to a structure of sheets or sheets and the two sheets respectively primary and secondary are laminated one on the other by two calendar rollers.
Et dans ce cas, selon une caractéristique du procédé ainsi is en oeuvre, la nappe secondaire est amenée au contact de la nappe primaire (à l'état thermiquerent ramolli et plastiquement déformable), étant elle-même réchauffée de façon à provoquer son ramollissement superficielle pour ainsi parfaire l'adhésion des deux nappes en vue de la proàucvion d'une nappe complexe multicouches. And in this case, according to a characteristic of the process thus implemented, the secondary ply is brought into contact with the primary ply (in the thermiquerent softened and plastically deformable state), being itself heated so as to cause its surface softening to thus perfect the adhesion of the two plies for the proàucvion of a complex multilayer ply.
Et la nappe secondaire peut etre constituée d'une feuIlle de structure continue, tandis que la nappe primaire est constituée d'une structure lacunaire discontinue ; la nappe secondaire état par exemple réalisée elle-même d'un film synthétique, nappe de papier, non tissé ou textile.And the secondary tablecloth can consist of a sheet of continuous structure, while the primary tablecloth consists of a discontinuous gap structure; the secondary state tablecloth, for example produced itself from a synthetic film, paper tablecloth, nonwoven or textile.
Selon une autre forme de réalisation l'élément rapporté sur la nappe primaire est lui-m#me de structure linéaire filIforme.According to another embodiment, the element attached to the primary ply is itself of filIform linear structure.
Et il peut s'agir notamment d'un câble métallique à enrobage, l'enrobage, par exemple lul-meme thermoplastique, permettant après réchauffement de cet enrobage, une adhésion intime du fil enrobé sur la nappe primaire.And it may especially be a coated metallic cable, the coating, for example lul-meme thermoplastic, allowing after heating of this coating, an intimate adhesion of the coated wire on the primary ply.
L'invention concerne également un dispositif en vue de la mise en oeuvre du procédé, et ce dispositif est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une bobine de stockage de la nappe thermoplastique, une pluralité de rouleaux de guidage, une enceinte chauffante et des moyens pour guider la nappe primaire pendant un temps approprié au sein de cette enceinte, où la nappe primaire subit un ramollissement thermique, des rouleaux d'appel pour entraîner et éventuellement étirer la nappe primaire au sortir de l'enceinte chauffante.The invention also relates to a device for implementing the method, and this device is characterized in that it comprises a reel for storing the thermoplastic sheet, a plurality of guide rollers, a heating enclosure and means to guide the primary ply for an appropriate time within this enclosure, where the primary ply undergoes thermal softening, rollers to drive and possibly stretch the primary ply out of the heating enclosure.
Et selon une variante le dispositif comporte également des rouleaux de travail de la nappe, rouleaux comportant des moyens de chauffage répartis convenablement.And according to a variant, the device also comprises rollers for working the ply, rollers comprising heating means suitably distributed.
Les rouleaux chauffants pourront dans un premier cas conduire la chaleur sur l'ensemble de leurs surfaces. The heating rollers may in the first instance conduct heat over all of their surfaces.
Ou on peut prévoir que les rouleaux chauffants sont disposés de façon à assurer un effet de réchauffement intense mais ponctuel par exemple pour provoquer au niveau approprié des effets d'élévation thermique ponctuels entraînant une rupture des liens situés face aux points de chauffage.Or it can be provided that the heating rollers are arranged so as to ensure an intense but occasional heating effect, for example to cause at the appropriate level temporary thermal elevation effects causing the links located opposite the heating points to break.
Selon une variante du dispositif, on prévoit au sortir de la nappe au moins un rouleau comportant des moyens de chauffage et ce rouleau comporte une gorge annulaire permettant l'insertion d'un fil, la gorge étant de diamètre convenable de façon à laisser déborder une partie du fil vers l'extérieur, le rouleau chauffant permettant d'assurer la solidarisation du fil sur la nappe primaire.According to a variant of the device, there is provided at the exit from the sheet at least one roller comprising heating means and this roller comprises an annular groove allowing the insertion of a wire, the groove being of suitable diameter so as to allow a part of the wire to the outside, the heating roller making it possible to secure the connection of the wire to the primary ply.
Et l'invention concerne également les produits ainsi obtenus. And the invention also relates to the products thus obtained.
Notamment 11 invention concerne une nappe de structure lacunaire, formant grille ou filet, dont les éléments filiformes, constituant les côtés des mailles, ont subi un étirement, provoquant la réorientation des molécules polymères constituant la matière avec un renforcement de ces éléments.In particular, the invention relates to a sheet of lacunar structure, forming grid or net, the filiform elements of which constitute the sides of the meshes have undergone stretching, causing the reorientation of the polymer molecules constituting the material with a reinforcement of these elements.
L'invention concerne encore les structures lacunaires complexes, sur lequel se trouve rapporté un élément continu filiforme ou en nappe, solidarisé sur la nappe primaire par des rouleaux de calendrage alimentés en nappe primaire dans son état ramolli au sortir de l'enceinte chauffante.The invention also relates to complex lacunar structures, on which a continuous filiform or sheet element is attached, secured to the primary ply by calendar rollers supplied with the primary ply in its softened state at the exit from the heating enclosure.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui suit et qui est donnée en rapport avec quelques formes de réalisation particulières présentées à titre d'exemples.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows and which is given in connection with some particular embodiments presented by way of examples.
La figure 1 représente une vue d'un schéma de réalisation d'une première forme de l'invention.FIG. 1 represents a view of an embodiment diagram of a first form of the invention.
La figure 2 et la figure 3 représentent deux détails mont-rant des rouleaux chauffants susceptibles de permettre le travail de la nappe primaire au sortir de l'enceinte chauffante.Figure 2 and Figure 3 show two details mont-rant heating rollers capable of allowing the work of the primary sheet leaving the heating chamber.
En considérant l'ensemble des figures on voit que la nappe primaire 1 constituée d'un film ou grillage extrudé en matière thermoplastique et enroulé sur la bobine de stockage la.Considering all of the figures, it can be seen that the primary ply 1 consisting of a film or mesh extruded in thermoplastic material and wound on the storage reel 1a.
Cette nappe primaire 1 est guidée et entraînée sur les cylindres 2 à une vitesse donnée V.This primary ply 1 is guided and driven on the cylinders 2 at a given speed V.
La primaire passe ensuite dans une enceinte de chauffage 3 ; les moyens de chauffage peuvent être ce toute nature convenable et être constitués d'un arlieu fluide (liquide ou gazeux) amenés à une température appropriée ; les moyens de chauffage peuvent également agir par rayonnement (tube à rayons infrarouges).The primary then passes into a heating enclosure 3; the heating means can be of any suitable nature and consist of a fluid arlieu (liquid or gaseous) brought to an appropriate temperature; the heating means can also act by radiation (infrared ray tube).
Le temps de passage et la température du milieu dans l'enceinte de chauffage sont calculés de façon à permettre à la nappe primaire, au sortir de cette enceinte, d'être amenés à un état de ramollissement thermique correspondant à un état plastiquement déformable.The passage time and the temperature of the medium in the heating enclosure are calculated so as to allow the primary sheet, on leaving this enclosure, to be brought to a state of thermal softening corresponding to a plastically deformable state.
A cet effet la nappe 1 passe sur un, ou éventuellement plusieurs rouleaux de renvoi 4 disposés au sein de l'enceinte de chauffage 3.To this end, the ply 1 passes over one, or possibly several deflection rollers 4 disposed within the heating enclosure 3.
Au sortir de l'enceinte la nappe primaire 1 passe sur les rouleaux d'appel 5 lesquels sont entrainés à une vitesse V' supérieure à V ; le rapport entre V' et V pouvant être compris entre 1,5 et 5 ou éventuellement plus en fonction des besoins.Leaving the enclosure, the primary ply 1 passes over the take-up rollers 5 which are driven at a speed V ′ greater than V; the ratio between V 'and V can be between 1.5 and 5 or possibly more depending on requirements.
On comprend que la traction exercée sur la nappe primaire par les rouleaux d'appel 5, entraînée à une vitesse supérieure à la vitesse des rouleaux 2, provoque une traction et un étirement sur la nappe 1. It is understood that the traction exerted on the primary ply by the take-up rollers 5, driven at a speed greater than the speed of the rollers 2, causes traction and stretching on the ply 1.
A cet effet les cylindres 2 et 5 sont entraînés par des motos variateurs permettant de modifier à volonté les vitesses d'entrée et de sortie du produit.For this purpose the cylinders 2 and 5 are driven by motorized variators allowing the input and output speeds of the product to be modified at will.
L'étirement permet de diminuer la densité de matière au sein de la grille par conséquent d'accroître, pour un même poids de matière, la surface, ctest-à-dire en fait la longueur de la nappe utilisable.Stretching makes it possible to decrease the density of material within the grid consequently to increase, for the same weight of material, the surface, that is to say in fact the length of the usable ply.
De plus l'étirement provoque une orientation des molécules polymères de la ratière plastique avec un alignement parallèle des longues chaînes des polymères qui étaient dispersées de façon quelconque lors des opérations d'extrusion initiales.In addition, the stretching causes an orientation of the polymer molecules of the plastic dobby with a parallel alignment of the long chains of the polymers which were dispersed in any way during the initial extrusion operations.
L'orientation moléculaire procure à la nappe finale une résistance accrue à la traction.The molecular orientation provides the final web with increased tensile strength.
Selon une variante ou parallèlement à l'étirement précédent, la nappe primaire 1 peut être amenée à subir d'autres opérations notamment par passage sur le tambour 6 ; ce dernier peut comporter sur sa surface des gravures ou des peIgnes crantés montes sur un support lui-même chauffé par des résistances électriques Internes aux rouleaux.According to a variant or parallel to the previous stretching, the primary ply 1 can be brought to undergo other operations in particular by passing over the drum 6; the latter may include on its surface engravings or notched peggs mounted on a support itself heated by internal electrical resistances to the rollers.
De sorte que la matière plastiquement déformable, au sortir de l'enceinte chauffante, se trouve aisément travaillée par le cylindre 6 pour provoquer des déformations locales ou formations de relief au niveau des Impressions 16,17 (figure > ). So that the plastically deformable material, leaving the heating chamber, is easily worked by the cylinder 6 to cause local deformations or relief formations at the level of Impressions 16,17 (figure>).
Selon une variante de réalisation, qui peut se combiner avec les précédentes, la nappe primaire ramollie et plastiquement déformable au sortir de l'enceInte chauffante se volt adjoindre une contre-nappe ou un deuxième élément déroulé et appelé en continu et qui est lui-même solidarisé sur la nappe primaire.According to an alternative embodiment, which can be combined with the previous ones, the softened and plastically deformable primary sheet leaving the heating enclosure is to add a counter-sheet or a second element unwound and called continuously and which is itself secured to the primary ply.
Cet élément rapporté peut être une nappe secondaire venue de la bobine 5 et passant entre les rouleaux de calandrage 1Q et li. This added element can be a secondary sheet coming from the coil 5 and passing between the calendering rollers 1Q and li.
L'un ou les deux cylindres 10 et Il peuvent eux-memes comporter des moyens de chauffage de façon à assurer une eileure adhésion des deux feuilles ou nappes amenées toutes deux à un état de ratrolllssement voisin permettant leur solidarisation mutuelle pour former une nappe multicouches. One or both of the cylinders 10 and 11 may themselves include heating means so as to ensure a good adhesion of the two sheets or sheets which are both brought to a neighboring state of roll-up allowing their mutual joining to form a multi-layer sheet.
La nappe secondaire peut être de toute matière convenable notamment être elle-même formée d'une grille de caractéristiques différentes ou encore d'une nappe présentant une surface continue ; cette nappe peut être en papier, cellulose, tissu non tissé, tissus ou encore un film de matière synthétique.The secondary ply may be of any suitable material, in particular be itself formed of a grid of different characteristics or else of a ply having a continuous surface; this sheet may be made of paper, cellulose, nonwoven fabric, fabrics or even a film of synthetic material.
Selon une variante la nappe primaire reçoit l'apport d'un élément filiforme qui peut être positionné par exemple le long de la nappe ; tout comme peuvent être rapportés une pluralité d'éléments filiformes parallèles.According to a variant, the primary ply receives the contribution of a filiform element which can be positioned for example along the ply; just as a plurality of parallel threadlike elements can be added.
Ces éléments solidarisés en continu sur la nappe permettent d'introduire des moyens de renforcement.These elements joined continuously on the sheet allow the introduction of reinforcement means.
On peut notamment solidariser ainsi un câble métallique ; et avantageusement le câble métallique sera pourvu d'une gaine extérieure en matière synthétique notamment thermoplastique et cette gaine extérieure elle-même soumise à ramollissement viendra, par calendrage, adhérer à la nappe primaire qui se présente face à elle étant elle-même ramollie par effet thermique au sortir de l'enceinte de chauffage.One can in particular thus secure a metal cable; and advantageously the metal cable will be provided with an outer sheath made of synthetic material, in particular thermoplastic, and this outer sheath itself subject to softening will, by timing, adhere to the primary ply which is facing it being itself softened by effect thermal at the exit of the heating enclosure.
Dans ce cas on pourra avantageusement utiliser un rouleau tel que représenté à la figure 2 et pourvu d'une gorge ; le rouleau comporte intérieurement des moyens de chauffage s'exerçant notamment au niveau de ladite gorge ; la gorge 15 est prévue pour recevoir le fil et le rouleau 14 vient s'appliquer contre un contre-rouleau, de sorte que la pression de l'élément filiforme (câble gainé) sur la nappe primaire à l'état ramolli, permet leur solidarisation mutuelle. In this case, it is advantageously possible to use a roller as shown in FIG. 2 and provided with a groove; the roller internally includes heating means acting in particular at the level of said groove; the groove 15 is designed to receive the wire and the roller 14 is applied against a counter-roller, so that the pressure of the filiform element (sheathed cable) on the primary ply in the softened state allows them to be joined mutual.
On comprend que la gorge devra présenter un diamètre légèrement inférieur au diamètre du câble gainé de façon à ce que la rencontre des deux rouleaux se traduise par une pression au niveau du câble gainé sur la nappe primaire. It is understood that the groove should have a diameter slightly less than the diameter of the sheathed cable so that the meeting of the two rollers results in a pressure at the sheathed cable on the primary ply.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR8808389A FR2633215A1 (en) | 1988-06-22 | 1988-06-22 | Method and device for the continuous shaping of thermoplastic sheets or films |
FR9006272A FR2646124B1 (en) | 1988-06-22 | 1990-05-18 | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE CONTINUOUS SHAPING OF THERMOPLASTIC SHEETS OR FILMS |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR8808389A FR2633215A1 (en) | 1988-06-22 | 1988-06-22 | Method and device for the continuous shaping of thermoplastic sheets or films |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2633215A1 true FR2633215A1 (en) | 1989-12-29 |
FR2633215B1 FR2633215B1 (en) | 1991-04-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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FR8808389A Granted FR2633215A1 (en) | 1988-06-22 | 1988-06-22 | Method and device for the continuous shaping of thermoplastic sheets or films |
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Cited By (4)
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EP0733460A2 (en) * | 1995-03-24 | 1996-09-25 | Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd. | Process for the production of high-strength yarns and crossply laminates thereof |
US6127293A (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 2000-10-03 | Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd. | Laminated bodies and woven and nonwoven fabrics comprising α-olefin polymeric adhesion materials catalyzed with cyclopentadienyl catalyst |
EP1422349A1 (en) * | 2002-11-21 | 2004-05-26 | Tenax S.p.A. | Sheet-like element with customizing elements, highlighting elements, reflective elements, lettering, characters and the like particularly for building-yard use and for delimiting spaces |
CN103707529A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 天津市天塑滨海氟塑料制品有限公司 | Numerical-control shaping and coiling equipment and preparation method for producing wide PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) substrate film |
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FR2602456A1 (en) * | 1986-08-07 | 1988-02-12 | Rdb Plastotecnica Spa | METHOD FOR OBTAINING MOLECULAR ORIENTATIONS IN PERFORATED PLATES OF EXTRUDED PLASTIC MATERIAL, AND PRODUCT OBTAINED |
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GB982036A (en) * | 1961-06-02 | 1965-02-03 | Fmc Corp | Non-woven webs |
US3255065A (en) * | 1961-06-02 | 1966-06-07 | Fmc Corp | Method for making a composite film |
US3284267A (en) * | 1961-12-26 | 1966-11-08 | Schjeldahl Co G T | Apparatus for sealing and forming a tunnel with heat-sealable tape |
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US4276336A (en) * | 1979-04-23 | 1981-06-30 | Sabee Products, Inc. | Multi-apertured web with incremental orientation in one or more directions |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6127293A (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 2000-10-03 | Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd. | Laminated bodies and woven and nonwoven fabrics comprising α-olefin polymeric adhesion materials catalyzed with cyclopentadienyl catalyst |
EP0733460A2 (en) * | 1995-03-24 | 1996-09-25 | Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd. | Process for the production of high-strength yarns and crossply laminates thereof |
EP0733460A3 (en) * | 1995-03-24 | 1998-11-04 | Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd. | Process for the production of high-strength yarns and crossply laminates thereof |
US6054086A (en) * | 1995-03-24 | 2000-04-25 | Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd. | Process of making high-strength yarns |
EP1422349A1 (en) * | 2002-11-21 | 2004-05-26 | Tenax S.p.A. | Sheet-like element with customizing elements, highlighting elements, reflective elements, lettering, characters and the like particularly for building-yard use and for delimiting spaces |
CN103707529A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 天津市天塑滨海氟塑料制品有限公司 | Numerical-control shaping and coiling equipment and preparation method for producing wide PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) substrate film |
CN103707529B (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-12-16 | 天津市天塑滨海氟塑料制品有限公司 | The numerical control sizing winding device of production wide cut PTFE base material film and manufacture method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2633215B1 (en) | 1991-04-19 |
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