FR2614579A1 - Composite panels which may have highly contorted shapes with numerous curves and large reentrant angles, and having mechanical flexural strength and impact resistance which are both very high in relation to their weight, and method of manufacture - Google Patents

Composite panels which may have highly contorted shapes with numerous curves and large reentrant angles, and having mechanical flexural strength and impact resistance which are both very high in relation to their weight, and method of manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2614579A1
FR2614579A1 FR8706279A FR8706279A FR2614579A1 FR 2614579 A1 FR2614579 A1 FR 2614579A1 FR 8706279 A FR8706279 A FR 8706279A FR 8706279 A FR8706279 A FR 8706279A FR 2614579 A1 FR2614579 A1 FR 2614579A1
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France
Prior art keywords
layers
layer
plates according
consist
matrix
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Pending
Application number
FR8706279A
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French (fr)
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MONNOT PATRICK
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MONNOT PATRICK
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Publication date
Application filed by MONNOT PATRICK filed Critical MONNOT PATRICK
Priority to FR8706279A priority Critical patent/FR2614579A1/en
Publication of FR2614579A1 publication Critical patent/FR2614579A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/022—Mechanical properties
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/0048—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for mountaineering, e.g. climbing-walls, grip elements for climbing-walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a general shape other than plane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/546—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels

Abstract

Composite panels which may have highly contorted shapes with numerous curves and large reentrant angles, and having mechanical flexural strength and impact resistance which are both very high in relation to their weight, characterised in that they are composed of two outer layers 1, 3 which withstand tensile loads and an internal layer 2 withstanding compressive loads.

Description

Cette invention se rapporte au domaine des matériaux composites > t notamment à des plaques composites pouvant avoir des formes rès tourmentées avec de nombreuses courbures et des contredépouilles importantes, et présentant des résistances mécaniques en flexion t au choc très élevées par rapport à leur masse; et à leur procède le fabrication. This invention relates to the field of composite materials> t especially to composite plates that can have very tormented forms with many curvatures and substantial backpegs, and having very high tensile flexural tensile strengths compared to their mass; and proceeds to manufacture them.

Antérieurement, pour la fabrication d'une plaque d'une surface le tordre d'un mètre carré (type carrosserie automobile) à forts reliefs, les impératifs de faible masse au mètre carré, bonne résistar en flexion statique, bonne résistance en flexion dynamique (choc),
Faible flèche sous charge n'étaient guère compatibles.Previously, for the manufacture of a plate of a surface the twist of one square meter (car body type) with strong reliefs, the requirements of low mass per square meter, good resistance in static bending, good resistance in dynamic bending ( shock),
Low sag under load were hardly compatible.

Les feuilles métalliques fines, soumises à la flexion et au choc, se déforment. Fine metal sheets, subjected to bending and shock, deform.

Les produits stratifiés classiques du type verre-polyester ou verre-époxy ont une trop forte déformation sous charge et accepten très mal,.du point de vue de la mise en oeuvre industrielle, des formes tourmentées ou des contredépouilles. L'usage de fibres à haut module d'élasticité en traction permet certes de diminuer la flèche sous charge, mais renchérit considérablement le coùt de la matière première, et ne permet pas davantage des reliefs tourmentés ou des contredépouilles.  Conventional laminates of the glass-polyester or glass-epoxy type have too much deformation under load and are very poorly suited, from the point of view of industrial processing, to tormented forms or backed-offs. The use of fibers with a high modulus of elasticity in tension certainly makes it possible to reduce the deflection under load, but considerably increases the cost of the raw material, and does not allow more tormented reliefs or backpacks.

Selon l'invention la plaque est constituée de trois couches adhérentes. Les deux couches externes apportent la résistance aux efforts de traction. La couche interne apporte la résistance aux efforts de compression. Pour plus de compréhension se reporter à la figure 1 qui représente les deux couches externes 1 et 3 et la couche interne 2. According to the invention the plate consists of three adherent layers. The two outer layers provide resistance to traction forces. The inner layer provides resistance to compressive forces. For further understanding refer to Figure 1 which represents the two outer layers 1 and 3 and the inner layer 2.

En fonction de particularités locales (rayons de courbure, résistance mécanique désirée) la couche 2 peut-être plus ou moins épaisse. Depending on local particularities (radii of curvature, desired mechanical strength) the layer 2 may be more or less thick.

La couche 2 est de préférence plus épaisse et moins dense que les couches let/ou3. The layer 2 is preferably thicker and less dense than the let / ou3 layers.

De préférence un agent de liaison améliore l'adhérence entre la couche interne 2 et les couches externes 1 et 3. Preferably a binding agent improves the adhesion between the inner layer 2 and the outer layers 1 and 3.

A la périphérie de la plaque les couches i et/ou 2 et/ou 3 peuvent se terminer en biseau. Les couches 1 et 3 peuvent se rejoint comme indiqué figure 2 qui présente le joint entre ces couches. At the periphery of the plate the layers i and / or 2 and / or 3 may end in bevel. The layers 1 and 3 can join as shown in Figure 2 which has the seal between these layers.

Les couches 1 et 3 sont de préférence constituées d'un stratif renfort fibré/matrice. The layers 1 and 3 are preferably made of a fibered reinforcement / matrix laminate.

Elles peuvent aussi être des feuilles de matières thermoplasti formées par l'action de chaleur. They can also be thermoplastic sheets formed by the action of heat.

Elles peuvent être aussi des feuilles métalliques formées. They can also be formed metal sheets.

La couche 2 peut être formée d'une mousse, de préférence de la même famille chimique que la matrice des couches I et/ou 3. The layer 2 may be formed of a foam, preferably of the same chemical family as the matrix of layers I and / or 3.

La couche 2 peut être formée d'un mélange de granulats légers dans une matrice de préférence identique à celle des couches let/ou
La couche 2 peut être partiellement ou totalement formée d'un noyau gonflable.The layer 2 may be formed of a mixture of light aggregates in a matrix preferably identical to that of the layers let / or
The layer 2 may be partially or completely formed of an inflatable core.

La couche 2 peut être constituée d'un noyau souple etïou déformable constituée par exemple de granulats légers dans une matrice élastomère. The layer 2 may consist of a flexible and / or deformable core consisting for example of lightweight aggregates in an elastomeric matrix.

La couche 2 peut être constituée d'un nid d'abeille très déformable.  The layer 2 may consist of a highly deformable honeycomb.

La couche 2 peut entre constituée d'une mousse, de préférence à cellules ouvertes, ou d'un substrat: poreux, imprègné d'une résine de préférence de la même famille-chimique que celle des couches 1 et/ou 3. The layer 2 can be made of a foam, preferably an open cell, or a porous substrate impregnated with a resin preferably of the same chemical family as that of the layers 1 and / or 3.

Une ou plusieurs des trois couches peuvent autre constituées d'un mélange à base de fibres, longues de préférence, de granulats, légers de préference, et d'une matrice thermodurcissable de préférenc
Les moules sont de préfèrence souples pour permettre le démoulage de formes avec contredépouilles.One or more of the three layers may further consist of a mixture based on fibers, preferably long, aggregates, preferably light, and a thermosetting matrix of preference.
The molds are preferably flexible to allow the release of shapes with opposite thorns.

Le mélange constituant la couche 2 est de préférence mis en plac après mise en place des couches 1 et/ou 3. The mixture constituting the layer 2 is preferably put in place after placing layers 1 and / or 3.

Ces plaques composites offrent l'avantage:
-d'une liberté quasi totale en ce qui concerne les formes tourmentées et les contredépouilles
-d'un rapport masse/surface excellent
-d'une résistance en flexion excellente gràce aux couches 1 et/ou 3 fibrées
-d'une résistance au choc excellente gràce aux couches 1 et/ou 3 fibrées
-d'une flèche sous charge d'autant plus faible que la couche 2 est épaisse.These composite plates offer the advantage:
-of almost complete freedom with regard to the tormented forms and the misdeeds
-of an excellent mass / surface ratio
excellent flexural strength thanks to layers 1 and / or 3 bundles
-excellent impact resistance thanks to layers 1 and / or 3 bundles
-of an arrow under load all the lower as the layer 2 is thick.

L'invention est susceptible de permettre la réalisation
-de reproduction d'objets artistiques
-de reproduction d'objets de formes diverses
-de plaques destinées au revêtement d'immeubles.... The invention is capable of enabling the realization
- Reproduction of artistic objects
of reproducing objects of various shapes
of plates for the coating of buildings ....

-de plaque d'escalade pour structures artificielles d'escalade
-etc... climbing plate for artificial climbing structures
-etc ...

Claims (7)

REVENDICATIONS 1 Plaques composites pouvant avoir des formes très tourmentées avec de nombreuses courbures et des contredépouilles importantes, et présentant des résistances mécaniques en flexion et au choc très élevées par rapport à leur masse, caractèrisées par le fait qu'elles se composent de 2 couches externes assurant la reprise des efforts de traction, et-1 couche interne assurant la reprise des efforts de compression.1 Composite plates that can have very tormented shapes with numerous curvatures and substantial thickenings, and having very high flexural and impact strengths in relation to their mass, characterized by the fact that they consist of 2 outer layers ensuring the recovery of tensile forces, and 1-inner layer ensuring the recovery of compressive forces. 2 Plaques selon revendication 1 caractèrisées par le fait que la couche 2 est d'une épaisseur plus forte et/ou d'une densité plus faible que les couches 1 et/ou 3 et par le fait que les couches 1 et 3 peuvent se rejoindre en périphérie de la plaque,et être constituées de stratifié renfort fibré/matrice de préférence fibres imprègnées de résine thermodurcissable.2 plates according to claim 1 characterized in that the layer 2 is of a greater thickness and / or a lower density than the layers 1 and / or 3 and in that the layers 1 and 3 can join at the periphery of the plate, and consist of fibered reinforcement laminate / matrix preferably fibers impregnated with thermosetting resin. 3 Plaques selon revendication 1 ou 2 caractèrisées par le fait que les couches 1 et/ou 3 sont constituées de matériaux thermoformé de préférence des thermoplastiques renforcés estampables.Plates according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the layers 1 and / or 3 consist of thermoformed materials, preferably stamped reinforced thermoplastics. 4 Plaques selon revendications 1 ou 2 caractèrisées par le fait que les couches 1 et/ou 3 sont constituées de feuilles métalliques mises en forme.Plates according to claims 1 or 2 characterized in that the layers 1 and / or 3 consist of shaped metal sheets. 5 Plaques selon l'une des revendications ià4 caractèrisées par le fait que la couche 2 est constituée d'une mousse de préféren de la même famille chimique que la matrice des couches 1 et /ou 3.Plates according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the layer 2 consists of a foam of preference of the same chemical family as the matrix of layers 1 and / or 3. 6 Plaques selon l'une des revendications 1à4 caractèrisées par le fait que la couche 2 est constituée d'un mélange de granulats légers et résistants dans une matrice de préférence identique à celle des couches i et/ou 3.6 Plates according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the layer 2 consists of a mixture of light and resistant granules in a matrix preferably identical to that of layers i and / or 3. 7 Plaques selon l'une des revendications 1à4 caractèrisées par le fait que la couche 2 est constituée partiellement ou totalement d'un noyau gonflable. 7 plates according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the layer 2 is formed partially or totally of an inflatable core. Plaques selon l'une des revendications là4 caractèrisées ar le fait que la couche 2 est constituée d'un noyau souple et/ou éformable, de préférence des granulats légers dans une matrice lastomère. Plates according to one of the claims 4 characterized by the fact that the layer 2 consists of a flexible and / or deformable core, preferably lightweight aggregates in a lastomeric matrix. Plaques selon l'une des revendications 1à4 caractèrisées lar I fait que la couche 2 est constituée d'un nid d'abeille rès déformable. Plates according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the layer 2 consists of a very deformable honeycomb. imprégnée de préférence d'une résine le la même famille chimique que celle des couches 1 et/ou 3. preferably impregnated with a resin the same chemical family as that of the layers 1 and / or 3. O Plaques selon l'une des revendications 1à4 caractèrisées ear le fait que la couche 2 est constitué d'une mousse O plates according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterized by the fact that the layer 2 consists of a foam i Plaques selon la revendication 1 caractèrisées par le fait lue les -couches 1 et/ou 2 et/ou=3 sont constituées d'un mélange 'enforts de fibres longues et/ou granulats légers et matrice de )référence thermodurcissable. Plates according to Claim 1, characterized in that the layers 1 and / or 2 and / or = 3 consist of a mixture of long fibers and / or light aggregates and a thermosetting reference matrix. L2 Procèdé de fabrication des plaques selon lune des revendication à à 11 caractèrisé par le fait que le mélange constituant la couche est mis en place entre les couches 1 et 3 dans un moule élastomère. L2 Process for manufacturing plates according to one of claims to 11 characterized in that the mixture constituting the layer is placed between the layers 1 and 3 in an elastomeric mold.
FR8706279A 1987-04-30 1987-04-30 Composite panels which may have highly contorted shapes with numerous curves and large reentrant angles, and having mechanical flexural strength and impact resistance which are both very high in relation to their weight, and method of manufacture Pending FR2614579A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8706279A FR2614579A1 (en) 1987-04-30 1987-04-30 Composite panels which may have highly contorted shapes with numerous curves and large reentrant angles, and having mechanical flexural strength and impact resistance which are both very high in relation to their weight, and method of manufacture

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8706279A FR2614579A1 (en) 1987-04-30 1987-04-30 Composite panels which may have highly contorted shapes with numerous curves and large reentrant angles, and having mechanical flexural strength and impact resistance which are both very high in relation to their weight, and method of manufacture

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2614579A1 true FR2614579A1 (en) 1988-11-04

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FR8706279A Pending FR2614579A1 (en) 1987-04-30 1987-04-30 Composite panels which may have highly contorted shapes with numerous curves and large reentrant angles, and having mechanical flexural strength and impact resistance which are both very high in relation to their weight, and method of manufacture

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FR (1) FR2614579A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991004852A1 (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-04-18 Marc Vanden Broeck Composite material
FR2671016A1 (en) * 1990-12-28 1992-07-03 Maletras Alain Inflatable structure allowing the practice of climbing
WO1995013916A1 (en) * 1992-05-14 1995-05-26 Minster Composite Industries Limited Panel
EP0730951A1 (en) * 1995-03-04 1996-09-11 British Aerospace Public Limited Company A composite laminate
WO2002055384A3 (en) * 2000-08-24 2002-10-17 Lockheed Corp Composite structural panel with undulated body

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2133599A1 (en) * 1971-04-21 1972-12-01 Inst Novykh Str Synthetic foam prodn - from thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic material, as layer for laminated cladding material
AU506960B2 (en) * 1977-03-03 1980-01-31 Unitex Ltd. Foam sandwich construction
US4472472A (en) * 1983-04-28 1984-09-18 Schultz Robert J Protective device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2133599A1 (en) * 1971-04-21 1972-12-01 Inst Novykh Str Synthetic foam prodn - from thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic material, as layer for laminated cladding material
AU506960B2 (en) * 1977-03-03 1980-01-31 Unitex Ltd. Foam sandwich construction
US4472472A (en) * 1983-04-28 1984-09-18 Schultz Robert J Protective device

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991004852A1 (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-04-18 Marc Vanden Broeck Composite material
FR2671016A1 (en) * 1990-12-28 1992-07-03 Maletras Alain Inflatable structure allowing the practice of climbing
WO1995013916A1 (en) * 1992-05-14 1995-05-26 Minster Composite Industries Limited Panel
EP0730951A1 (en) * 1995-03-04 1996-09-11 British Aerospace Public Limited Company A composite laminate
US5806796A (en) * 1995-03-04 1998-09-15 British Aerospace Public Limited Company Composite laminate
WO2002055384A3 (en) * 2000-08-24 2002-10-17 Lockheed Corp Composite structural panel with undulated body
US6553734B1 (en) 2000-08-24 2003-04-29 Lockheed Martin Corporation Composite structural panel with undulated body

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