FR2601309A1

FR2601309A1 - Braking device for transport vehicles whose unladen (tare) weight is very different from the laden weight or towing weight

Info

Publication number: FR2601309A1
Application number: FR8609981A
Authority: FR
Original assignee: DANLOUP DANIEL
Current assignee: DANLOUP DANIEL
Priority date: 1986-07-09
Filing date: 1986-07-09
Publication date: 1988-01-15
Also published as: FR2601309B1

Abstract

Braking device intended for transport vehicles whose unladen (tare) weight is substantially different from the laden weight or towing weight. The invention relates to a system allowing a weighted action of the foot of the driver of a vehicle on the brake pedal, to give rise to the successive bringing into service of two independent braking circuits. These circuits will actuate, in order: braking which can be used unladen, then, if necessary, braking corresponding to stopping the said vehicle when the latter is laden. It consists of a pedal made up of two main parts 1 and 2. According to the figure, we have: 1 = bearing surface of the foot, 2 = arm actuating the first master cylinder, 3 = so-called straightening springs whose deformation only takes place beyond a certain threshold, 4 = a possible connection piece comprising a slot, 5 = master cylinder for unladen braking, 6 = master cylinder for fully laden braking. Such a device must avoid pile ups due to the wheels locking.

Description

Le présent certificat d'addition est lié à la demande de brevet nO 85 05 990. Il concerne un dispositif de freinage pour véhicules transporteurs tels que semi-remorques et poids lourds en général. This addition certificate is linked to patent application No. 85 05 990. It relates to a braking device for transport vehicles such as semi-trailers and heavy goods vehicles in general.

Il s'applique à des véhicules ayant un freinage traditionnel ou ayant des freins assistés.It applies to vehicles with traditional braking or with assisted brakes.

Le dispositif est applicable à des véhicules dont le poids (PV) à vide est très différent du poids total en charge ou poids tracté remorque accrochée (PTRA). The device is applicable to vehicles whose unladen weight (PV) is very different from the total laden weight or towed weight with trailer attached (PTRA).

Nombreux carambolages sur autoroute, par exemple, sqnt causés par le fait qu'un véhicule transporteur freine à vide avec un freinage pouvant ralentir puis arrêter le même véhicule en pleine charge. Many highway pileup, for example, caused by the fact that a carrier vehicle brakes empty with braking that can slow down and then stop the same vehicle under full load.

Un tel freinage provoque fréquemment le blocage des roues d'où instabilité, mise en travers de la chaussée du véhicule, carambolage.Such braking frequently causes the locking of the wheels, hence instability, crossing the roadway of the vehicle, piling up.

A titre d'exemple, un poids lourd de 10 tonnes à vide freine avec des freins capables d'arrêter 35 tonnes. For example, a heavy vehicle of 10 tonnes unladen brakes with brakes capable of stopping 35 tonnes.

L'invention consiste donc en l'utilisation d'une pédale de freins figure 13 qui actionne successivement des maitres cylindres différents. The invention therefore consists in the use of a brake pedal in FIG. 13 which successively actuates different master cylinders.

Selon la figure 13, l'appui du pied se fait sur la garniture d'appui nO (4) solidaire de la pédale (6). Cet appui entraîne la rotation autour de l'axe (2) du bras (7). Cette rotation actionne le piston du cylindre supérieur. Le piston de ce maître-cylindre provoque le freinage "à vide" du véhicule. Les garnitures appliquées aux disques ou tambours sont donc capables d'arrêter le camion vide. According to Figure 13, the support of the foot is on the support pad nO (4) integral with the pedal (6). This support causes rotation about the axis (2) of the arm (7). This rotation activates the piston of the upper cylinder. The piston of this master cylinder brakes the vehicle "when empty". The linings applied to the discs or drums are therefore capable of stopping the empty truck.

Par ailleurs, si l'on admet à présent que le véhicule est totalement chargé, alors l'appui sur la pièce 4 ou 6 provoque d'abord le freinage "à vide" mais provoque ensuite par écrasement de pièces élastiques telles que les ressorts (5), un déplacement relatif de la pédale (6) au travers du bras-support n07. Ce déplacement est guidé par des axes 11 sur la figure. Furthermore, if we now admit that the vehicle is fully loaded, then pressing on part 4 or 6 first causes "empty" braking but then causes crushing of elastic parts such as springs ( 5), a relative movement of the pedal (6) through the support arm n07. This movement is guided by axes 11 in the figure.

On conçoit l'importance de la lumière 12, celle-ci a permis une action sur le mattre-cylindre supérieur avant l'action sur le second mattre-cylindre (espace 8). L'appui continu sur la pédale 6 entraîne donc à présent une diminution de l'écart entre 6 et 7, d'où l'action de l'axe 13 sur la pièce de liaison 10, ce qui entraîne par l'axe 9, un appui sur le piston du second maitre-cylindre. We understand the importance of the light 12, this allowed an action on the upper master cylinder before the action on the second master cylinder (space 8). Continuous depressing of the pedal 6 therefore now leads to a reduction in the difference between 6 and 7, hence the action of the axis 13 on the connecting piece 10, which results in the axis 9, pressing the piston of the second master cylinder.

Le second mattre-cylindre provoque un freinage d'une valeur qui va permettre l'arrêt de notre véhicule à pleine charge. A titre d'exemple, si un véhicule pèse 10 tonnes à vide et 35 tonnes à pleine charge, le premier mattre-eylindre provoquera un freinage correspondant à 10 tonnes, le second maître cylindre provoquera un freinage correspondant à 35 - 10 = 25 tonnes (complément nécessaire à l'arrêt en pleine charge). The second master cylinder causes braking of a value which will allow our vehicle to stop at full load. For example, if a vehicle weighs 10 tonnes when empty and 35 tonnes at full load, the first master cylinder will cause braking corresponding to 10 tonnes, the second master cylinder will cause braking corresponding to 35 - 10 = 25 tonnes ( additional necessary to stop at full load).

Le principe de fonctionnement du dispositif revendiqué peut être légèrement différent si l'on considère la figure 16. The operating principle of the claimed device may be slightly different if we consider Figure 16.

Dans le cas de la figure 16, la pièce à déformation élastique (ressort par exemple) ne subira une déformation qu'après l'action du 1er mattre-cylindre. On voit que l'action sur le piston du second mattre-cylindre est provoquée par le déplacement rectiligne du premier mattre-cylindre. In the case of FIG. 16, the part with elastic deformation (spring for example) will undergo a deformation only after the action of the 1st master cylinder. We see that the action on the piston of the second master cylinder is caused by the rectilinear displacement of the first master cylinder.

A cet effet, il convient que le raccordement hydraulique soit souple et non rigide, pour cela on utilisera des tuyauteries permettant ce déplacement. For this purpose, the hydraulic connection should be flexible and not rigid, for this we will use pipes allowing this movement.

La nomenclature de la figure 16 est la suivante
1 : réserves de liquide de freinage.The nomenclature in Figure 16 is as follows
1: brake fluid reserves.

68 : corps du le maître cylindre guidé en translation selon son axe
5 : ressort taré 69 : corps du 2e maître cylindre, fixé de façon rigide.68: body of the master cylinder guided in translation along its axis
5: calibrated spring 69: body of the 2nd master cylinder, rigidly fixed.

B : butée arrière de 68
P : poussoir de 68 actionnant le piston de 69 après écrasement de 5
TS : tuyauterie souple permettant la translation de 68
ZR : Zone de réglage de la garde précédent l'action F2
F1 : premier freinage
F2 : second freinage
G : Glissière servant de guide à "68" B: rear stop of 68
P: pusher of 68 actuating the piston of 69 after overwriting of 5
TS: flexible piping allowing the translation of 68
ZR: Guard adjustment zone before action F2
F1: first braking
F2: second braking
G: Slide serving as a guide for "68"

Claims

1) Device allowing, by means of a weighted press of the foot on a brake pedal to cause successive braking actions, these successive actions being able to be used on a vehicle having independent 'braking circuits, one of which corresponds to the braking of the unladen vehicle, the second corresponding to the cumulative braking necessary to stop the same vehicle while it is loaded, that is to say the total weight of which is very different from the unladen weight.

The second braking can be voluntarily condemned.

Characterized in that the action causing the second braking can only occur after crushing of the elastic parts, such as springs, the particularity of which is that they cannot be deformed until beyond a certain pressure threshold, the pressure below this threshold being used to cause the first braking.

2) Device according to claim 1, allowing the support of the foot on a single brake pedal to obtain two consecutive braking.

Characterized in that it uses a brake pedal, the bearing surface of which causes a first braking through non-deformed elastic parts and which causes a second braking by discarding of the bearing surface, discarding linked to the crushing of the elastic parts thus deformed beyond a certain pressure threshold.

3) Device according to claim 1, similar to claim 2, characterized in that the second braking is caused by a displacement of the first master cylinder after exceeding a certain pressure threshold.

4) Device according to claim 1, for obtaining two brakes of identified or different intensity.

Characterized by the use on the same brake disc of several brake slave cylinders, these slave cylinders actuating linings whose bearing surfaces are calculated as a function of the required braking power.

5) Device according to claim 1, for obtaining two brakes of identical or different intensity.

Characterized by the use of several identical or different brake assemblies (discs, drums, etc.) per wheel.

6) Device according to claim 1, for obtaining two consecutive braking.

Characterized in that any one of the brakes or both brakes can act on mechanical and non-hydraulic connections.

7) Device according to claim 1, necessarily causing a braking when the vehicle is empty.

Characterized by the random use of rigid parts such as chocks, spacers or pins whose role is to prevent the operation of the second braking and whose use can only be accepted if the vehicle is empty.