FR2593615A1 - Optical pumping structure having a plate or plates - Google Patents

Optical pumping structure having a plate or plates Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2593615A1
FR2593615A1 FR8601144A FR8601144A FR2593615A1 FR 2593615 A1 FR2593615 A1 FR 2593615A1 FR 8601144 A FR8601144 A FR 8601144A FR 8601144 A FR8601144 A FR 8601144A FR 2593615 A1 FR2593615 A1 FR 2593615A1
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Prior art keywords
optical pumping
pumping structure
structure according
medium
flash lamps
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FR8601144A
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French (fr)
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FR2593615B1 (en
Inventor
Gilles Brassart
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BM IND SA
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BM IND SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/23—Arrangements of two or more lasers not provided for in groups H01S3/02 - H01S3/22, e.g. tandem arrangements of separate active media
    • H01S3/2383—Parallel arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/0602—Crystal lasers or glass lasers
    • H01S3/0606—Crystal lasers or glass lasers with polygonal cross-section, e.g. slab, prism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/0915—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by incoherent light
    • H01S3/092—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by incoherent light of flash lamp
    • H01S3/093—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by incoherent light of flash lamp focusing or directing the excitation energy into the active medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/0602—Crystal lasers or glass lasers
    • H01S3/0604—Crystal lasers or glass lasers in the form of a plate or disc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H01S3/08095—Zig-zag travelling beam through the active medium

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

Optical pumping structure, characterised in that it consists of at least one amplifying medium 2 of rectangular shape, of at least two chambers for flashlamps 4, no more than two of which have a face covered with a diffusing element 3. The optical pumping structure having a plate or plates according to the invention is particularly intended for producing so-called solid-state lasers of high average power.

Description

La présente invention concerne les structures de pompage optique utilisées dans les cavités des lasers dits à milieu amplificateur solide. The present invention relates to optical pumping structures used in the cavities of so-called solid amplifier lasers.

Ces structures sont des complexes optoé'lectroniques quicomportent un milieu réfringent solide amplificateur, pompé optiquement par des lampes à éclair excitées électriquement par la décharge de condensateurs. These structures are optoelectronic complexes which include a solid refractive amplifier medium, optically pumped by flash lamps electrically excited by the discharge of capacitors.

Les technologies existantes des structures de pompage optique utilisent des milieux solides amplificateurs, qui sont de forme cylindrique suivant la direction de propagation du faisceau laser généré à partir de celles-ci placées entre deux miroirs qui constituent une cavité laser. Existing technologies of optical pumping structures use solid amplifying media, which are cylindrical in shape in the direction of propagation of the laser beam generated from them placed between two mirrors which constitute a laser cavity.

La conception de ces structures optiques ne permet pas de stocker dans le milieu solide amplificateur une grande puissance moyenne lumineuse pour des considérations d'ordre essentiellement thermique. The design of these optical structures does not make it possible to store in the amplifying solid medium a large average light power for essentially thermal considerations.

Cette puissance lumineuse stockée dans le milieu amplificateur est de la forme
Ps = Rt X G
avec
P : puissance moyenne lumineuse stockée dans le milieu
s
amplificateur, ( puissance maximum)
G : facteur de configuration géométrique du milieu ampli ficateur
Rt : paramètre qui définit la capacité thermique du milieu
amplificateur à la dissipation thermique. Il s'exprime
en Watt par mètre (W/m).This light power stored in the amplifying medium is of the form
Ps = Rt XG
with
P: average luminous power stored in the medium
s
amplifier, (maximum power)
G: geometric configuration factor of the amplifying medium
Rt: parameter which defines the thermal capacity of the medium
heat dissipation amplifier. He expresses himself
in Watt per meter (W / m).

L'invention vise à remédier à l'inconvénient précité, en créant une structure de pompage optique comportant un milieu amplificateur de forme rectangulaire qui conduit à un facteur G bien adapté aux grandes puissances moyennes lumineuses. The invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawback, by creating an optical pumping structure comprising an amplifier medium of rectangular shape which leads to a factor G well suited to large medium luminous powers.

En effet :
- dans le cas d'un milieu amplificateur de forme cylindrique, le facteur G a pour expression

Figure img00010001
Indeed :
- in the case of an amplifying medium of cylindrical shape, the factor G has as expression
Figure img00010001

- dans le cas d'un milieu amplificateur de forme rectangulaire, le facteur G a pour expression
G = 12.1
e
avec : 1 = largeur du milieu amplificateur,
e = épaisseur du milieu amplificateur.- in the case of an amplifying medium of rectangular shape, the factor G has as expression
G = 12.1
e
with: 1 = width of the amplifying medium,
e = thickness of the amplifying medium.

La nouvelle technologie des milieux amplificateurs de forme rectangulaire est donc intéressante pour une largeur (1) au moins égale à 1,5 fois l'épaisseur (e). The new technology of amplifying media of rectangular shape is therefore advantageous for a width (1) at least equal to 1.5 times the thickness (e).

L'invention a donc pour objet une structure de pompage optique diffusante, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée d'au moins un milieu amplificateur solide de forme rectangulaire, pompé optiquement par des lampes à éclair situées dans des chambres en matériau réfringent (dite chambre pour lampes à éclair) dont une face au plus de chacune d'elles est recouverue d'un élément diffusant la lumière. The subject of the invention is therefore a diffusing optical pumping structure, characterized in that it consists of at least one solid amplifying medium of rectangular shape, optically pumped by flash lamps located in chambers made of refractive material (called room for flash lamps), one side of each of which is covered with a light-diffusing element.

Suivant une caractéristique de l'invention, la structure de pompage optique diffusante a au moins deux chambres pour lampes à éclair, qui comprennent des lampes placées transversalement à la longueur du milieu amplificateur FIG 1 ou placées parallèlement
FIG 2.According to a characteristic of the invention, the diffusing optical pumping structure has at least two chambers for flash lamps, which comprise lamps placed transversely to the length of the amplifying medium FIG 1 or placed parallel
FIG 2.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les chambres pour lampes à éclair sont réalisées dans un matériau réfringent qui est absorbant à la longueur d'onde de l'émission laser et qui coupe le rayonnement ultraviolet. According to another characteristic of the invention, the chambers for flash lamps are made of a refractive material which is absorbent at the wavelength of the laser emission and which cuts off the ultraviolet radiation.

Suivant encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les chambres pour lampes à éclair sont réalisées dans un matériau qui coupe le rayonnement ultraviolet et dont la face en vis à vis de celle du milieu amplificateur a d'associer une plaque mince en milieu réfringent qui est absorbante à la longueur d'onde de l'émission laser et qui coupe le rayonnement ultraviolet. According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the chambers for flash lamps are made of a material which cuts ultraviolet radiation and whose face opposite that of the amplifying medium has to associate a thin plate in refractive medium which is absorbent at the wavelength of the laser emission and which cuts off ultraviolet radiation.

D'autres caractéristiques de l'invention apparattront au cours des descriptions qui vont suivre. Other characteristics of the invention will appear during the descriptions which follow.

Aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple:
- la FIG 1 est une vue schématique en élévation et en coupe du premier mode de réalisation de la structure de pompage optique suivant l'invention.In the appended drawings given solely by way of example:
- FIG 1 is a schematic view in elevation and in section of the first embodiment of the optical pumping structure according to the invention.

- la FIG 2 est une vue analogue à celle de la FIG 1 montrant une variante du premier mode de réalisation dans l'orientation des lampes à éclair. - FIG 2 is a view similar to that of FIG 1 showing a variant of the first embodiment in the orientation of the flash lamps.

- la FIG 3 présente une variante du premier-mode de réalisation qui comprend au moins deux milieux amplificateurs auxquels sont associées en nombre suffisant les chambres pour lampes à éclair.  - FIG 3 shows a variant of the first embodiment which comprises at least two amplifying media with which the chambers for flash lamps are associated in sufficient number.

- La FIG 4 est une variante du deuxième mode de réalisation (FIG 2) comprenant au moins deux milieux amplificateurs auxquels sont associées en nombre suffisant les chambres pour lampes à éclair. - FIG 4 is a variant of the second embodiment (FIG 2) comprising at least two amplifying media with which the chambers for flash lamps are associated in sufficient number.

Les structures de pompage optique représentées aux FIG 1, 2, 3 et 4 comprennent
- un corps 1, qui maintient les éléments 2, 3, 4, 6 et 7,
- le ou les milieu(x) amplificateur(s) 2 qui à titre d'exemple peuvent être du YAG, du verre dopé au néodyme, du YAP, du GSGG, de l'Alexandrite,
- les milieux diffusants 3 qui à titre d'exemple peuvent être de la magnésie (MgO), du zérodur transformé par une cuisson à 1 2000C, une matière plastique fluorée,
- les chambres pour lampes à éclair 4 qui à titre d'exemple sont, soit en pyrex, soit en verre dopé au samarium, soit d'une façon générale en verre,
- les lampes à éclair 6,
- un milieu d'adaptation thermique 7 solide ou liquide qui évite les déformations géométriques du milieu amplificateur sur ses bords,
- des zones de refroidissement par un fluide 5 et 8. The optical pumping structures shown in FIGs 1, 2, 3 and 4 include
- a body 1, which holds the elements 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7,
- the amplifying medium (s) 2 which, by way of example, may be YAG, glass doped with neodymium, YAP, GSGG, Alexandrite,
- the diffusing media 3 which, by way of example, may be magnesia (MgO), zerodur transformed by cooking at 1 2000C, a fluorinated plastic,
the chambers for flash lamps 4 which, for example, are either made of pyrex, or glass doped with samarium, or generally of glass,
- flash lamps 6,
a solid or liquid thermal adaptation medium 7 which avoids geometric deformations of the amplifying medium on its edges,
- fluid cooling zones 5 and 8.

Claims (13)

REVENDICATIONS r - Structure de pompage optique, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée d'au moins un milieu amplificateur solide de forme rectangulaire (2).CLAIMS r - Optical pumping structure, characterized in that it consists of at least one solid amplifying medium of rectangular shape (2). 2 - Structure de pompage optique suivant la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins deux chambres pour lampes à éclair (4) dont au plus, deux ont une face recouverte d'un milieu diffusant la lumière (3). 2 - optical pumping structure according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises at least two chambers for flash lamps (4), at most two of which have one side covered with a light-diffusing medium (3). 3 - Structure de pompage optique suivant les revendications 1 et 2 caractérisée en ce que le milieu diffusant (3) est réalisé en magnésie. 3 - Optical pumping structure according to claims 1 and 2 characterized in that the diffusing medium (3) is made of magnesia. 4 - Structure de pompage optique suivant les revendications 1 et 2 caractérisée en ce que le milieu diffusant (3) est realisé dans un matériau vitro-céramique. 4 - Optical pumping structure according to claims 1 and 2 characterized in that the diffusing medium (3) is made of a vitro-ceramic material. 5 - Structure de pompage optique suivant les revendications 1 et 2 caractérisée en ce que le milieu diffusant (3) est réalisé dans une matière plastique fluorée. 5 - Optical pumping structure according to claims 1 and 2 characterized in that the diffusing medium (3) is made of a fluorinated plastic. 6 - Structure de pompage optique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1,2, 3, 4 et 5 caractérisée en ce que les chambres pour lampes à éclair (4) sont réalisées dans un matériau réfringent en pyrex. 6 - Optical pumping structure according to any one of claims 1,2, 3, 4 and 5 characterized in that the chambers for flash lamps (4) are made of a refractive material in pyrex. 7 - Structure de pompage optique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 4 et 5 caractérisée en ce que les chambres pour lampes à éclair(4) sont réalisées en verre dwéausamrium.  7 - Optical pumping structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 characterized in that the chambers for flash lamps (4) are made of dwéausamrium glass. 8 - Structure de pompage optique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 4 et 5 caractérisée en ce que la chambre pour lampes à éclair (4) est réalisée d'une manière plus générale en milieu réfringent. 8 - Optical pumping structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 characterized in that the chamber for flash lamps (4) is produced more generally in refractive medium. 9 - Structure de pompage optique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 et 8 caractérisée en ce que la face de la chambre pour lampes à éclair (4) située en vis à vis de la face du milieu amplificateur, est séparée de cette der niera par une lame réfringente absorbante à la longueur d'onde de l'émission laser, refroidie par un fluide. 9 - Optical pumping structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 characterized in that the face of the chamber for flash lamps (4) located opposite the face from the amplifying medium, is separated from this latter by a refractive plate absorbing at the wavelength of the laser emission, cooled by a fluid. 10 - Structure de pompage optique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 et 9 caractérisée en ce que le milieu amplificateur (2) a d'associer deux adaptateurs thermiques liquides (7). 10 - Optical pumping structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 characterized in that the amplifying medium (2) has to associate two liquid thermal adapters (7 ). 1l - Structure de pompage optique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 et 9 caractérisée en ce que le milieu amplificateur (2) a d'associer deux adaptateurs thermiques solides. 11 - Optical pumping structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 characterized in that the amplifying medium (2) has to associate two solid thermal adapters. 12 - Structure de pompage optique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 et ll caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend plus d'un milieu amplificateur (2). 12 - optical pumping structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and ll characterized in that it comprises more than one amplifying medium (2) . 13 - Structure de pompage optique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1l et 12 caractérisée en ce qu'elle a des lampes à éclair (6) placées transversalement à la longueur du milieu amplificateur (2). 13 - optical pumping structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 characterized in that it has flash lamps (6) placed transversely to the length of the amplifying medium (2). 14 - Structure de pompage optique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, ll et 12 caractérisée en ce qu'elle a des lampes à éclair (6), placées parallèlement à la longueur du milieu amplificateur (2). 14 - optical pumping structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, ll and 12 characterized in that it has flash lamps (6) , placed parallel to the length of the amplifying medium (2). 15 - Structure de pompage optique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 et 14 caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des zones de refroidissement par un fluide (5, 8).  15 - optical pumping structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 characterized in that it comprises zones of fluid cooling (5, 8).
FR8601144A 1986-01-28 1986-01-28 PLATE OPTICAL PUMPING STRUCTURE (S) Expired - Fee Related FR2593615B1 (en)

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FR8601144A FR2593615B1 (en) 1986-01-28 1986-01-28 PLATE OPTICAL PUMPING STRUCTURE (S)

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FR8601144A FR2593615B1 (en) 1986-01-28 1986-01-28 PLATE OPTICAL PUMPING STRUCTURE (S)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0294646A1 (en) * 1987-06-12 1988-12-14 Raycon Textron Inc. Laser pumping cavity
FR2640088A1 (en) * 1988-12-02 1990-06-08 Gen Electric SOLID STATE LASER AND METHOD FOR REDUCING BEAM DISTORTION
FR2641421A1 (en) * 1989-01-03 1990-07-06 Comp Generale Electricite PLATE LASER WITH OPTICAL PUMPING BY SOURCE WITH NARROW EMISSION RANGE
EP0507015A1 (en) * 1989-06-15 1992-10-07 Electrox Inc. High power NdYAG laser
US8259391B2 (en) * 2006-08-30 2012-09-04 Thales Amplification device comprising a laser amplifying medium of parallelepiped shape and pumping means comprising lamps

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3624552A (en) * 1969-08-05 1971-11-30 Us Army Glass laser coupling reflector
US3702976A (en) * 1971-11-11 1972-11-14 American Optical Corp All glass peripherally multi-arcuate disc laser
US4321551A (en) * 1980-06-12 1982-03-23 General Motors Corporation Laser line of light generator
EP0078654A1 (en) * 1981-11-02 1983-05-11 General Electric Company Multiple host face-pumped laser

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3624552A (en) * 1969-08-05 1971-11-30 Us Army Glass laser coupling reflector
US3702976A (en) * 1971-11-11 1972-11-14 American Optical Corp All glass peripherally multi-arcuate disc laser
US4321551A (en) * 1980-06-12 1982-03-23 General Motors Corporation Laser line of light generator
EP0078654A1 (en) * 1981-11-02 1983-05-11 General Electric Company Multiple host face-pumped laser

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 28, no. 2, février 1979, pages 221-226, Amsterdam, NL; S.CHU et al.: "A reliable thyratron-switched flashlamp-pumped dye laser" *
SOVIET JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS, vol. 6, no. 2, février 1976, pages 230-231, American Institute of Physics, New York, US; V.P.KIRSANOV et al.: "Influence of illumination enclosure on electrical and load characteristics of flashlamps" *
SOVIET JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS, vol. 8, no. 5, mai 1978, pages 612-614, American Institute of Physics, New York, US; M.E.BRODOV et al.: "Investigation of the inversion in an amplifier module utilizing an active element with rectangular cross section" *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0294646A1 (en) * 1987-06-12 1988-12-14 Raycon Textron Inc. Laser pumping cavity
FR2640088A1 (en) * 1988-12-02 1990-06-08 Gen Electric SOLID STATE LASER AND METHOD FOR REDUCING BEAM DISTORTION
FR2641421A1 (en) * 1989-01-03 1990-07-06 Comp Generale Electricite PLATE LASER WITH OPTICAL PUMPING BY SOURCE WITH NARROW EMISSION RANGE
EP0377206A1 (en) * 1989-01-03 1990-07-11 Laserdot Slab laser optically pumped by a source with a narrow emitting surface
EP0507015A1 (en) * 1989-06-15 1992-10-07 Electrox Inc. High power NdYAG laser
US8259391B2 (en) * 2006-08-30 2012-09-04 Thales Amplification device comprising a laser amplifying medium of parallelepiped shape and pumping means comprising lamps

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