FR2590433A1 - Safety heating element intended to be used in particular in a heating cover - Google Patents
Safety heating element intended to be used in particular in a heating cover Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2590433A1 FR2590433A1 FR8517175A FR8517175A FR2590433A1 FR 2590433 A1 FR2590433 A1 FR 2590433A1 FR 8517175 A FR8517175 A FR 8517175A FR 8517175 A FR8517175 A FR 8517175A FR 2590433 A1 FR2590433 A1 FR 2590433A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- heating element
- resistors
- insulating material
- element according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
- H05B3/56—Heating cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
- H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un élément chauffant de sécurité destiné a être utilisé notamment dans une couverture chauffante. The present invention relates to a safety heating element intended to be used in particular in a heating blanket.
En général, ces couvertures sont constituées de tissus et de feuilles de mousse, comportant des canaux à travers lesquels circule un élément chauffant souple. La puissance électrique de l'element chauffant est calculée pour des conditions de fonctionnement bien précises qui nécessitent par exemple de maintenir la couverture a plat et sans plis. In general, these blankets are made of fabrics and foam sheets, having channels through which a flexible heating element circulates. The electrical power of the heating element is calculated for very precise operating conditions which require, for example, to keep the cover flat and without wrinkles.
On sait en effet qu'a la suite d'un repli de la couverture sur elle-meme. par exemple en plusieurs épaisseurs, il se crée une accumulation de chaleur qui peut entrainer une destruction de cette couverture et provoquer un incident. We know in fact that following a retreat of the cover on itself. for example, in several thicknesses, an accumulation of heat is created which can destroy this cover and cause an incident.
Pour résoudre ces problèmes. on connait dans l'état de la technique un certain nombre de dispositifs permettant de contrôler la température de 1'1é- ment chauffant sur toute sa longueur, et en cas d'aanomalie, d'en interrompre l'alimentation. To solve these problems. a number of devices are known in the prior art for controlling the temperature of the heating element over its entire length, and in the event of an anomaly, to interrupt the supply thereof.
Ces dispositifs font presque tous appel à 1 exploitation d un courant " de fuite ' circulant å travers un isolant à coefficient de température variable, négatif ou positif, ou a fusion controlée. These devices almost all call upon the exploitation of a "leakage" current flowing through an insulator with variable temperature coefficient, negative or positive, or with controlled fusion.
Ce courant de fuite est par exemple collecté par un ou deux fils conducteurs séparés de 1'é1é- ment chauffant par 1 isolant à coefficient de température variable ou à fusion contrôlée, et, est ensuite utilisé pour assurer la coupure de 1 alimentation de l'élément chauffant. This leakage current is for example collected by one or two conductive wires separated from the heating element by 1 insulator with variable temperature coefficient or with controlled melting, and is then used to cut off the supply of the heating element.
Cependant, tous ces dispositifs présentent un certain nombre d inconvénients notamment au niveau de leur coût de fabrication, de leur fiabilité. et de leur encombrement. However, all of these devices have a certain number of drawbacks, particularly in terms of their manufacturing cost and their reliability. and their size.
Le but de 1 inventlon est donc de résoudre les problèmes évoqués ci-dessus en proposant un élé- ment chauffant de sécurité qui soit simple. fiable et dont le prix de revient soit relativement faible. The aim of the inventlon is therefore to solve the problems mentioned above by proposing a safety heating element which is simple. reliable and the cost price is relatively low.
A cet effet, 1 inventlon a pour objet un élément chauffant de sécurité destiné à etre utilisé notamment dans une couverture chauffante. caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux résistances de chauffage de valeurs à peu prés égales, connectées en série, bobinées autour d'une àme centrale et séparées par une matière isolante thermovariable de detection d'un échauffement anormal dudit élément et des moyens de coupure de l alimentation desdites résistances de chauffage en réponse à la détection d un échauffement anormal dudit élément chauffant par ladite matière isolante thermovariable. To this end, 1 inventlon relates to a safety heating element intended to be used in particular in a heating blanket. characterized in that it comprises two heating resistors of approximately equal values, connected in series, wound around a central core and separated by a thermovariable insulating material for detecting an abnormal heating of said element and cut-off means supplying said heating resistors in response to the detection of abnormal heating of said heating element by said thermovariable insulating material.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre. donnée uniquement a titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels
- la Fig.l représente un élément chauffant selon l'invention:
- la Fig.2 représente un schéma électrique illustrant le fonctionnement normal d'un premier mode de réalisation d un élément chauffant selon l'inven- tion:
- la Fig.3 représente un schéma électrique illustrant le fonctionnement de l'élément chauffant de la Fig.2 en cas d'échauffement anormal de celui-ci.The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows. given only by way of example and made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
- Fig.l shows a heating element according to the invention:
FIG. 2 represents an electrical diagram illustrating the normal operation of a first embodiment of a heating element according to the invention:
- Fig.3 shows an electrical diagram illustrating the operation of the heating element of Fig.2 in the event of abnormal heating thereof.
- la Fig.4 représente un schéma électrique illustrant le fonctionnement normal d'un second mode de réalisation d'un élément chauffant selon l'inven- tion; et
- la Fig.5 représente un schéma électrique illustrant le fonctionnement de l'élément chauffant de la Fig.4 en cas d'échauffement anormal de celui-ci.- Fig.4 shows an electrical diagram illustrating the normal operation of a second embodiment of a heating element according to the invention; and
- Fig.5 shows an electrical diagram illustrating the operation of the heating element of Fig.4 in case of abnormal heating thereof.
Ainsi qu'on peut le voir sur la Fiv.1, l'é- lément chauffant de sécurité selon l'invention comporte une àme centrale 1, par exemple en coton. autour de laquelle est bobinée une première résistance de chauffage 2. Une seconde résistance de chauffage 3 est bobinée coaxialement et en sens inverse à la première résistance, sur une matière isolante thermovariable 4 séparant lesdites premiére et seconde résistances. Un isolant extérieur 5 par exemple en PVC 105 entoure l ensemble de ces composants. As can be seen in Fiv. 1, the safety heating element according to the invention comprises a central core 1, for example made of cotton. around which a first heating resistor 2 is wound. A second heating resistor 3 is coaxially coaxially and in the opposite direction to the first resistor, on a thermovariable insulating material 4 separating said first and second resistors. An external insulator 5, for example made of PVC 105, surrounds all of these components.
Ainsi qu'on peut le voir sur la Fig.2. les première et seconde résistances sont connectées en série à une source d'alimentation. un fusible 6 étant également connecté en série avec ces résistances 2 et 3. As can be seen in Fig. 2. the first and second resistors are connected in series to a power source. a fuse 6 also being connected in series with these resistors 2 and 3.
Ainsi qu'on peut le voir. la matière isolante thermovariable 4 sépare les première et seconde résistances. As we can see. the thermovariable insulating material 4 separates the first and second resistors.
Dans le cas représenté sur la Fig.2. le courant circulant dans la ligne d'alimentation est egal a
In = U/ R2 + R3 avec - U : tension d'alimentation
- R2 valeur de la résistance 2; et
- R3 valeur de la résistance 3.In the case shown in Fig. 2. the current flowing in the supply line is equal to
In = U / R2 + R3 with - U: supply voltage
- R2 value of resistance 2; and
- R3 value of resistance 3.
Si par suite d'un repli de la couverture chauffante ou pour toute autre cause, la température de l'élément chauffant atteint une valeur anormalement élevée, la matière isolante thermovariable 4 devient plus ou moins conductrice et met en liaison électrique les parties des résistances en regard, au point E où se produit cet échauffement (Fig.3). If as a result of a fall in the heating blanket or for any other reason, the temperature of the heating element reaches an abnormally high value, the thermovariable insulating material 4 becomes more or less conductive and puts the parts of the resistors in electrical connection. look at point E where this heating occurs (Fig. 3).
Ceci a pour effet de shunter une partie de la premiere résistance et uné partie de la seconde résistance et donc d'augmenter le courant circulant dans la ligne d'alimentation. Si les deux résistances sont de valeurs a peu pres égales, ce courant sera égal au double (2.In) du courant circulant normalement dans la ligne permettant ainsi au fusible 6 de couper rapidement l'alimentation de ces résistances avant qu'un incident majeur ne se produise. This has the effect of shunting part of the first resistor and part of the second resistor and therefore increasing the current flowing in the supply line. If the two resistors are of approximately equal values, this current will be equal to double (2.In) of the current circulating normally in the line thus allowing fuse 6 to quickly cut the supply of these resistors before a major incident does not happen.
Il va de soi que des dispositifs autres que le fusible, peuvent être utilisés pour couper l'alimentation des résistances a la détection d'une surin tensité dans l'alimentation, provoquée par ladite ma tière isolante thermovariable en réponse à un échauffement anormal dudit élément chauffant. Ainsi par exemple, des disjoncteurs de type connu peuvent être utilisés. It goes without saying that devices other than the fuse can be used to cut the power supply to the resistors upon detection of an overcurrent in the power supply, caused by said thermovariable insulating material in response to an abnormal heating of said element. heating. For example, circuit breakers of known type can be used.
Il va de soi également que Si différentes puissances de chauffe sont utilisées, les moyens de coupure de l'alimentation desdites résistances seront adaptés aux nouvelles surintensités provoquées par la nouvelle puissance dissipée par ces résistances. It also goes without saying that if different heating powers are used, the means for cutting off the supply of said resistors will be adapted to the new overcurrents caused by the new power dissipated by these resistors.
Cette matière isolante thermovariable peut par exemple etre constituée par une matière isolante a coefficient de température négatif telle que le polyéthylène basse densité. This thermovariable insulating material can for example consist of an insulating material with a negative temperature coefficient such as low density polyethylene.
Cependant, cette matière isolante thermovariable peut également etre constituée par une matière à fusion contrôlée de type connu. However, this thermovariable insulating material can also be constituted by a controlled fusion material of known type.
Enfin, et ceci pour des raisons de securité. Finally, and this for security reasons.
il peut être envisage de placer deux fusibles de même calibre en série avec les résistances.it may be envisaged to place two fuses of the same rating in series with the resistors.
Suivant un second mode de réalisation de l'élément chauffant selon l'invention, représente sur les Fig. 4 et 5. un circuit comportant deux résistances 7 et 8 connectées en série, est branché en parallele sur les resistances de chauffage 2 et 3, séparées par la matière isolante thermovariable 4. According to a second embodiment of the heating element according to the invention, shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. a circuit comprising two resistors 7 and 8 connected in series is connected in parallel to the heating resistors 2 and 3, separated by the thermovariable insulating material 4.
Les résistances 7 et 8 ont avantageusement les mêmes valeurs que les résistances 2 et 3, respectivement, de sorte qu'en fonctionnement normal, le pont constitué par ces quatre résistances est à 1' é- quilibre et que la tension VAB représentant la différence de potentiel entre les points milieux A et B de chaque branche respectivement, est égale à 0. The resistors 7 and 8 advantageously have the same values as the resistors 2 and 3, respectively, so that in normal operation, the bridge formed by these four resistors is at equilibrium and the voltage VAB representing the difference of potential between the midpoints A and B of each branch respectively, is equal to 0.
Si les résistances de chauffage 2 et 3 ont des valeurs égales mais que lors de leur bobinage on décale par exemple les spires de chacune d'entre elles pour qu'elles présentent toujours une résistance dif férente lorsque l'on relie deux points de celles-ci en regard, il apparait une différence de potentiel VAS entre les points milieux de chaque branche de ce pont, à la détection d'un échauffement anormal de l'élément chauffant par ladite matière isolante thermovariable. If the heating resistors 2 and 3 have equal values but when during their winding, the coils of each of them are for example shifted so that they always have a different resistance when two points of these are connected here opposite, there appears a potential difference VAS between the midpoints of each branch of this bridge, upon detection of an abnormal heating of the heating element by said thermovariable insulating material.
En effet, les résistances 7 et 8 ayant des valeurs fixes, la tension au point milieu A de cette branche du pont est également fixe. Cependant, les résistances 2 et 3 bien qu'ayant des valeurs globales égales, sont bobinées de maniére que lorsque la matière isolante thermovariable 4 relie deux points de celles-ci en regard, par exemple en E, à la suite d'un échauffement anormal de l'élément chauffant, la tension en B n'est jamais égale à la tension en A, de sorte qu'un échauffement anormal de l'élément chauffant détecté par la matière isolante thermovariable, provoque toujours l'apparition d'une différence de potentiel entre A et B. Indeed, the resistors 7 and 8 having fixed values, the voltage at the midpoint A of this branch of the bridge is also fixed. However, the resistors 2 and 3, although having equal overall values, are wound in such a way that when the thermovariable insulating material 4 connects two points of these facing each other, for example at E, following an abnormal heating of the heating element, the voltage at B is never equal to the voltage at A, so that an abnormal heating of the heating element detected by the thermovariable insulating material always causes the appearance of a difference in potential between A and B.
Des moyens de détection de cette différence de potentiel, tels que par exemple un relais, sont connectés entre les points A et B pour couper l'ali- mentation des résistances de chauffage à la détection de cette différence de potentiel provoquée par la détection d'un échauffement anormal de l'élément chauffant par la matière isolante thermovariable. Means for detecting this potential difference, such as for example a relay, are connected between points A and B to cut off the supply of the heating resistors upon detection of this potential difference caused by the detection of abnormal heating of the heating element by the thermovariable insulating material.
L'élément chauffant de sécurité selon l'invention trouve donc son application plus particulièrement dans les couvertures chauffantes, les chauffematelas, les coussins chauffants, les ceintures chauffantes, etc... The safety heating element according to the invention therefore finds its application more particularly in electric blankets, mattress warmers, heating cushions, heating belts, etc.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8517175A FR2590433B1 (en) | 1985-11-20 | 1985-11-20 | SAFETY HEATING ELEMENT FOR USE, ESPECIALLY IN A HEATING COVER |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8517175A FR2590433B1 (en) | 1985-11-20 | 1985-11-20 | SAFETY HEATING ELEMENT FOR USE, ESPECIALLY IN A HEATING COVER |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2590433A1 true FR2590433A1 (en) | 1987-05-22 |
| FR2590433B1 FR2590433B1 (en) | 1989-06-30 |
Family
ID=9325003
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8517175A Expired FR2590433B1 (en) | 1985-11-20 | 1985-11-20 | SAFETY HEATING ELEMENT FOR USE, ESPECIALLY IN A HEATING COVER |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2590433B1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0383152A2 (en) * | 1989-02-11 | 1990-08-22 | Wilhelm Wetzel Gmbh + Co. | Flexible electric heating apparatus |
| EP0570246A1 (en) * | 1992-05-14 | 1993-11-18 | Thermonette Appliances Limited | Improvements in or relating to electrically-powered heating panels |
| EP0577378A1 (en) * | 1992-07-03 | 1994-01-05 | Thermonette Appliances Limited | Electric heating cable |
| WO1999030535A1 (en) * | 1997-12-05 | 1999-06-17 | Winterwarm Ltd. | Improvements relating to heating blankets and the like |
| WO1999041948A1 (en) * | 1998-02-16 | 1999-08-19 | Pulse Home Products Limited | Electrically heated panel apparatus |
| US6713733B2 (en) | 1999-05-11 | 2004-03-30 | Thermosoft International Corporation | Textile heater with continuous temperature sensing and hot spot detection |
| WO2005009080A1 (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2005-01-27 | Thermocable (Flexible Elements) Limited | Heating blanket |
| US6958463B1 (en) | 2004-04-23 | 2005-10-25 | Thermosoft International Corporation | Heater with simultaneous hot spot and mechanical intrusion protection |
| EP1670286A3 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2006-08-16 | IMETEC S.p.A. | Electric blanket/pad |
| DE202013101027U1 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2013-03-18 | Beurer Gmbh | Pliable warming device |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102802288A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2012-11-28 | 王清传 | Safety control structure for heating wires |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2522753A (en) * | 1947-07-24 | 1950-09-19 | Swartzbaugh Mfg Company | Electric blanket control |
| FR1320687A (en) * | 1962-05-03 | 1963-03-08 | British Insulated Callenders | Improvements made to flexible electric heating elements and to an adjustment device intended for these elements |
| FR1522664A (en) * | 1966-05-03 | 1968-04-26 | Gen Electric | Flexible electric heating appliance for domestic use |
| FR2007051A1 (en) * | 1968-04-26 | 1970-01-02 | Dreamland Electrical Appliance | |
| CH498544A (en) * | 1966-10-10 | 1970-10-31 | Dreamland Electrical Appliance | Heating circuit for electrically heated blankets or cushions |
| DE2501227A1 (en) * | 1974-01-14 | 1975-07-17 | Thermonette Appliances Ltd | FLAT-SHAPED, ELECTRICALLY HEATABLE EQUIPMENT |
| FR2336901A1 (en) * | 1975-12-30 | 1977-07-29 | Degois Julien | Safety cutout for electric blanket - has two variable and two constant resistances forming Wheatstone bridge unbalanced at preset temperature |
-
1985
- 1985-11-20 FR FR8517175A patent/FR2590433B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2522753A (en) * | 1947-07-24 | 1950-09-19 | Swartzbaugh Mfg Company | Electric blanket control |
| FR1320687A (en) * | 1962-05-03 | 1963-03-08 | British Insulated Callenders | Improvements made to flexible electric heating elements and to an adjustment device intended for these elements |
| FR1522664A (en) * | 1966-05-03 | 1968-04-26 | Gen Electric | Flexible electric heating appliance for domestic use |
| CH498544A (en) * | 1966-10-10 | 1970-10-31 | Dreamland Electrical Appliance | Heating circuit for electrically heated blankets or cushions |
| FR2007051A1 (en) * | 1968-04-26 | 1970-01-02 | Dreamland Electrical Appliance | |
| DE2501227A1 (en) * | 1974-01-14 | 1975-07-17 | Thermonette Appliances Ltd | FLAT-SHAPED, ELECTRICALLY HEATABLE EQUIPMENT |
| FR2336901A1 (en) * | 1975-12-30 | 1977-07-29 | Degois Julien | Safety cutout for electric blanket - has two variable and two constant resistances forming Wheatstone bridge unbalanced at preset temperature |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0383152A2 (en) * | 1989-02-11 | 1990-08-22 | Wilhelm Wetzel Gmbh + Co. | Flexible electric heating apparatus |
| EP0383152A3 (en) * | 1989-02-11 | 1992-03-04 | Wilhelm Wetzel Gmbh + Co. | Flexible electric heating apparatus |
| EP0570246A1 (en) * | 1992-05-14 | 1993-11-18 | Thermonette Appliances Limited | Improvements in or relating to electrically-powered heating panels |
| EP0577378A1 (en) * | 1992-07-03 | 1994-01-05 | Thermonette Appliances Limited | Electric heating cable |
| AU740320B2 (en) * | 1997-12-05 | 2001-11-01 | Beurer Gmbh & Co Kg | Improvements relating to heating blankets and the like |
| US6310332B1 (en) | 1997-12-05 | 2001-10-30 | Winterwarm Limited | Heating blankets and the like |
| WO1999030535A1 (en) * | 1997-12-05 | 1999-06-17 | Winterwarm Ltd. | Improvements relating to heating blankets and the like |
| WO1999041948A1 (en) * | 1998-02-16 | 1999-08-19 | Pulse Home Products Limited | Electrically heated panel apparatus |
| US6252198B1 (en) | 1998-02-16 | 2001-06-26 | Pulse Home Products Limited | Electrically heated panel apparatus |
| US6713733B2 (en) | 1999-05-11 | 2004-03-30 | Thermosoft International Corporation | Textile heater with continuous temperature sensing and hot spot detection |
| WO2004098239A1 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-11-11 | Thermosoft International Corporation | Textile heater with continuous temperature sensing and hot spot detection |
| WO2005009080A1 (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2005-01-27 | Thermocable (Flexible Elements) Limited | Heating blanket |
| US8698045B2 (en) | 2003-07-15 | 2014-04-15 | Thermocable (Flexible Elements) Limited | Heating blanket |
| US6958463B1 (en) | 2004-04-23 | 2005-10-25 | Thermosoft International Corporation | Heater with simultaneous hot spot and mechanical intrusion protection |
| EP1670286A3 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2006-08-16 | IMETEC S.p.A. | Electric blanket/pad |
| AU2005242143B2 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2011-04-07 | Imetec Spa | Electric blanket/pad |
| DE202013101027U1 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2013-03-18 | Beurer Gmbh | Pliable warming device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2590433B1 (en) | 1989-06-30 |
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| ST | Notification of lapse | ||
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| ST | Notification of lapse |