FR2573460A1 - Prefabricated self-supporting sandwich panels for waterproofing linings having a diffusion layer, and their method of manufacture - Google Patents

Prefabricated self-supporting sandwich panels for waterproofing linings having a diffusion layer, and their method of manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2573460A1
FR2573460A1 FR8417513A FR8417513A FR2573460A1 FR 2573460 A1 FR2573460 A1 FR 2573460A1 FR 8417513 A FR8417513 A FR 8417513A FR 8417513 A FR8417513 A FR 8417513A FR 2573460 A1 FR2573460 A1 FR 2573460A1
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France
Prior art keywords
layer
fibrous material
foam
sheet
perforated screen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR8417513A
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French (fr)
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FR2573460B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Claude Maillet
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Siplast SA
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Siplast SA
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Publication date
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Priority to FR8417513A priority Critical patent/FR2573460B1/en
Publication of FR2573460A1 publication Critical patent/FR2573460A1/en
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Publication of FR2573460B1 publication Critical patent/FR2573460B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/205—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • E04C2/246—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20 combinations of materials fully covered by E04C2/16 and E04C2/20

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Such sandwich panels comprise a rigid sheet, for example of ribbed steel, an insulating core made of cellular plastic foam, a layer of fibrous material acting as a diffusion layer for the residual gases of the plastic film and a waterproofing lining sheet, made of for example bitumen or modified bitumen. In order to prevent the layer of fibrous material being impregnated by the developing plastic foam, a perforated screen is inserted between the foam and the layer of fibrous material. This layer is only partially impregnated and can therefore act as a diffusion layer whilst the impregnation occurring through the perforations in the screen (plastic film generally) provide the bond between the layer of fibrous material and the plastic foam. These panels are obtained by simultaneously unrolling the various layers, injecting the reagents of the foam and after its formation, cutting to the desired dimensions.

Description

La présente invention concerne des panneaux sandwich autoportants préfabriqués destinés à former des revêtements d'étanchéité, ainsi que leur procédé de fabrication. The present invention relates to prefabricated self-supporting sandwich panels intended to form sealing coatings, as well as their manufacturing process.

On connait différents types de panneaux sandwich autoportants préfabriqués, utilisés dans l'industrie du bâtiment pour l'étanchéité des toitures en particulier. Ces panneaux sont de façon générale constitués d'une âme isolante en mousse plastique alvéolaire comprise entre une feuille rigide, par exemple une feuille métallique nervurée et une feuille de revêtement d'étanchéité proprement dit. Ils sont notamment fabriqués par un procédé continu consistant à dérouler et éventuellement conformer une feuille métallique, à déroulet simultanément une feuille de revêtement d'étanchéité, à injecter entre les deux feuilles les réactifs de préparation de la mousse plastique alvéolaire et à provoquer la formation de cette mousse entre les deux feuilles. Various types of prefabricated self-supporting sandwich panels are known, used in the building industry for waterproofing roofs in particular. These panels generally consist of an insulating core of cellular plastic foam comprised between a rigid sheet, for example a ribbed metal sheet and a sheet of waterproofing coating proper. They are in particular manufactured by a continuous process consisting of unwinding and optionally shaping a metal sheet, simultaneously unwinding a sheet of sealing coating, injecting between the two sheets the reagents for preparing the cellular plastic foam and causing the formation of this foam between the two sheets.

Le produit obtenu est ensuite découpé pour obtenir les panneaux de dimension voulue.The product obtained is then cut to obtain the panels of the desired size.

La mousse plastique alvéolaire est en général une mousse rigide de polyuréthane ou de polyisocyanurate.De telles mousses sont obtenues, de façon bien connue, par réaction d'un polyesterpolyol ou d'un polyéther-polyol avec un diisocyanate ou un polyisocyanate, en présence d'un agent d'expansion qui est un liquide à bas point d'ébullition. En pratique la mousse est obtenue par injection des réactifs appropriés
- un diisocyanate ou un de ses prépolymeres
- un polyol
- un agent d'expansion et un catalyseur de polymérisation ainsi que des adjuvants classiques, par exemple un agent tensio-actif agissant sur la structure cellulaire, ou divers autres additifs agissant par exemple sur la résistance au feu ou 1' inflammabilité.The cellular plastic foam is generally a rigid polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam. Such foams are obtained, in a well known manner, by reaction of a polyester polyol or of a polyether polyol with a diisocyanate or a polyisocyanate, in the presence of '' a blowing agent which is a liquid with low boiling point. In practice the foam is obtained by injection of the appropriate reagents
- a diisocyanate or one of its prepolymers
- a polyol
- A blowing agent and a polymerization catalyst as well as conventional adjuvants, for example a surfactant acting on the cell structure, or various other additives acting for example on fire resistance or 1 flammability.

A la fin de la formation de la couche de matériau alvéolaire, il peut s'y trouver encore des quantités relativement importantes d'agent d'expansion (par exemple le trichlorofluorométhane ou Freon 11). En outre les groupements isocyanate forment du gaz carbonique en présence d'eau. La présence de ces produits gazeux dans la mousse alvéolaire provoque l'apparition de défauts de surface, cloques, plis, boursouflures, sur la feuille d'étanchéité, soit à la fin de la fabrication, soit en cours de stockage ou d'utilisation. At the end of the formation of the layer of cellular material, there may still be relatively large amounts of blowing agent there (for example trichlorofluoromethane or Freon 11). In addition, the isocyanate groups form carbon dioxide in the presence of water. The presence of these gaseous products in the cellular foam causes the appearance of surface defects, blisters, folds, blisters, on the sealing sheet, either at the end of manufacture, or during storage or use.

Afin de remédier à ce défaut, il a été imaginé d'introduire une couche de diffusion permettant l'évacuation des gaz vers les bordures et d'éviter ainsi leur emprisonnement. In order to remedy this defect, it has been imagined to introduce a diffusion layer allowing the evacuation of gases towards the edges and thus avoiding their imprisonment.

Un exemple d'une telle réalisation est décrit dans
FR-A-2526 463 où une couche de matériau fibreux est interposée entre l'âme en mousse alvéolaire et la feuille rigide.An example of such an embodiment is described in
FR-A-2526 463 where a layer of fibrous material is interposed between the foam core and the rigid sheet.

Toutefois les résultats obtenus en utilisant de telles couches de matériau fibreux ou nappes fibreuses sont aléatoires. However, the results obtained by using such layers of fibrous material or fibrous layers are random.

En effet, lors de sa formation, la mousse de polyuréthane ou de polyisocyanurate imprègne partiellement ou totalement les fibres.Indeed, during its formation, the polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam partially or totally impregnates the fibers.

L'importance de l'imprégnation est fonction de la fluidité des réactifs et de leur pressionEde la siccité et du degré a d'ouvertu- re du matériau fibreux et il est très difficile de ce fait de contrôler tous ces paramètres dans une réalisation industrielle.The extent of the impregnation is a function of the fluidity of the reagents and their pressure, the dryness and the degree of opening of the fibrous material and it is therefore very difficult to control all these parameters in an industrial production.

Par suite, la couche de matériau fibreux ne peut plus jouer son rôle de diffusion des gaz vers les bordures de façon certaine et l'on voyait apparaître alors les mêmes défauts que dans les panneaux sans couche de diffusion.As a result, the layer of fibrous material can no longer play its role of diffusion of gases towards the edges with certainty and we then saw the same defects appear as in the panels without diffusion layer.

I1 serait donc utile de disposer de panneaux sandwich autoportants comportant, en plus des éléments aui les constituent normalement, un écran protégeant la couche de diffusion de l'im- prégnation totale par la mousse en formation tout en permettant le passage des gaz de la mousse vers la couche de diffusion. It would therefore be useful to have self-supporting sandwich panels comprising, in addition to the elements which normally constitute them, a screen protecting the diffusion layer from total impregnation by the foam in formation while allowing the passage of gases from the foam. towards the diffusion layer.

Ceci est obtenu selon la présente invention en interposant entre la couche de diffusion et la mousse alvéolaire un film continu imperméable à la mousse en formation et présentant des perforations.  This is obtained according to the present invention by interposing between the diffusion layer and the cellular foam a continuous film impermeable to the foam in formation and having perforations.

Lors de l'expansion de la mousse, la couche de matériau fibreux est imprégnée au droit des trous, l'écran protégeant le reste de la couche de cette imprégnation. Les produits gazeux emprisonnés dans la mousse (agent d'expansion) ou formés par la suite (gaz carbonique) circuleront dans la nousse jusqu'à la couche de diffusion dont la structure poreuse continue permettra leur migration jusqu'aux bordures. When the foam expands, the layer of fibrous material is impregnated at the level of the holes, the screen protecting the rest of the layer from this impregnation. The gaseous products trapped in the foam (blowing agent) or formed thereafter (carbon dioxide) will circulate in the mass to the diffusion layer whose continuous porous structure will allow their migration to the edges.

L'imprégnation de la couche fibreuse au droi-t des perforations donne une résistance d'accrochage entre l'écran et la couche de diffusion d'une part et le support de mousse alvéolaire d autre part, suffisante pour résister aux efforts d'arrachement (vent) que subissent les panneaux pendant leur utilisation. La résistance est obtenue en utilisant un degre de perforation approprié. The impregnation of the fibrous layer to the right of the perforations gives a bonding resistance between the screen and the diffusion layer on the one hand and the cellular foam support on the other hand, sufficient to withstand the tearing forces. (wind) that the panels undergo during their use. Strength is achieved using an appropriate degree of perforation.

L'écran perforé est réalisé par exemple à l'aide d'un film ou voile continu en matière plastique (polyéthylene, polypropylène,...) ou éventuellement en panier imperméable à la mousse en formation. Ces exemples ne sont évidemment pas limistatifs et d'autres matériaux peuvent être utilisés s'ils donnent les mêmes caractéristiques de protection de la couche de matériau fibreux vis-à-vis de l'imprégnation
La couche de matériau fibreux est de façon classique un tissu ou un non-tissé de fibres naturelles ou synthétiques. L'utilisation de tels matériaux fibreux est connue en soi, et en particulier pour la diffusion de produits gazeux d'origine diverse afin d'éviter le cloquage (FR-A-2508521; FR-A-2526463).The perforated screen is produced, for example, using a continuous plastic film or veil (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.) or possibly in a basket impermeable to the foam being formed. These examples are obviously not limiting and other materials can be used if they give the same characteristics of protection of the layer of fibrous material against impregnation
The layer of fibrous material is conventionally a fabric or a nonwoven of natural or synthetic fibers. The use of such fibrous materials is known per se, and in particular for the diffusion of gaseous products of various origin in order to avoid blistering (FR-A-2508521; FR-A-2526463).

La feuille d'étanchéité enduite sur une face de la couche de matériau fibreux est constituée par du bitume ou du bitume modifié, éventuellement armé, c'est-à-dire renforcé par un ma tériau fibreux (voile de fibres de verre ou similaire). La feuille rigide est constituée d'une feuille métallioue, par exemple de l'acier nervuré, ou de matière plastique rigide. The sealing sheet coated on one side of the layer of fibrous material consists of bitumen or modified bitumen, possibly reinforced, that is to say reinforced by a fibrous material (veil of glass fibers or the like) . The rigid sheet consists of a metal sheet, for example ribbed steel, or rigid plastic.

Les panneaux selon l'invention sont préparés par un procédé qui en plus du déroulage et/ou du conformage de la feuille rigide, du déroulage simultané de la feuille d'étanchéité et de la couche de diffusion et de l'injection de la mousse plastique entre la feuille rigide et la couche de diffusion, comporte le déroulage d'un écran perforé entre la couche de diffusion et la mousse plastique en formation.  The panels according to the invention are prepared by a process which, in addition to the unwinding and / or shaping of the rigid sheet, the simultaneous unwinding of the sealing sheet and the diffusion layer and the injection of the plastic foam. between the rigid sheet and the diffusion layer, the unwinding of a perforated screen between the diffusion layer and the plastic foam in formation.

I1 est également possible de préparer à ltavance un ensemble feuille d'étanchéité, couche de diffusion et écran perforé que l'on viendra dérouler sur la mousse en formation injec te-ë en continu sur la feuille métallique au fur et à la mesure du déroulage et de la conformation de celle-ci.  It is also possible to prepare in advance a set of sealing sheet, diffusion layer and perforated screen which will be unrolled on the foam in injec te-ë formation continuously on the metal foil as the unrolling progresses. and the conformation thereof.

Claims (5)

- REVENDICATIONS  - CLAIMS Panneaux sandwich autoportants préfabriqués pour revêtement d'étanchéité, comportant une feuille rigide, une ame isolante en mousse plastique alvéolaire, une couche de matériau fibreux et une feuille de revêtement d'étanchéité proprement dit en bitume ou bitume modifié, caractérisés en ce qu'ils comportent, entre la couche de matériau fibreux et l'aine en mousse, un écran perforé. Self-supporting prefabricated sandwich panels for waterproofing coating, comprising a rigid sheet, an insulating core of cellular plastic foam, a layer of fibrous material and a sheet of waterproofing coating proper in bitumen or modified bitumen, characterized in that they have, between the layer of fibrous material and the foam groin, a perforated screen. 2.- Panneaux selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce que l'écran perforé est un film plastique continu présentant des perforations. 2.- Panels according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated screen is a continuous plastic film having perforations. 3.- Procédé de fabrication de panneaux sandwich selon la revendication 1, consistant à dérouler et conformer en continu la feuille rigide, à dérouler simultanément la feuille d'étanchéité et la couche de matériau. fibreux, à injecter en continu de la mousse plastique alvéolaire en formation entre la feuille rigide et la couche de matériau fibreux, caractérisé en ce qu'on interpose simultanément entre la mousse en formation et la couche de matériau fibreux, un écran perforé. 3. A method of manufacturing sandwich panels according to claim 1, consisting of unwinding and continuously conforming the rigid sheet, simultaneously unwinding the sealing sheet and the layer of material. fibrous, to continuously inject cellular plastic foam in formation between the rigid sheet and the layer of fibrous material, characterized in that a perforated screen is interposed simultaneously between the foam in formation and the layer of fibrous material. 4.- Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on assemble préalablement la couche de matériau fibreux entre la feuille de revêtement d'étanchéité et l'écran perforé et que l'on déroule l'ensemble ainsi formé de telle sorte que la surface libre de l'écran perfore vienne en contact avec la mousse alvéolaire en formation. 4.- Method according to claim 3, characterized in that one assembles beforehand the layer of fibrous material between the sheet of sealing coating and the perforated screen and that the assembly thus formed is unwound so the free surface of the perforated screen comes into contact with the foam forming. 5.- Feuille de revêtement d'étanchéité pour la réalisation des panneaux sandwich autSortants selon la revendication hqui comporte sur une face une couche de matériau fibreux, caractérisée en ce que la surface libre de ce matériau fibreux est recouverte d'un écran perforé.  5. Sealing coating sheet for the production of autSortant sandwich panels according to claim h which comprises on one face a layer of fibrous material, characterized in that the free surface of this fibrous material is covered with a perforated screen.
FR8417513A 1984-11-16 1984-11-16 PREFABRICATED SELF-SUPPORTING SANDWICH PANELS FOR DIFFUSION LAYER COATINGS, AND THEIR MANUFACTURING METHOD Expired FR2573460B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8417513A FR2573460B1 (en) 1984-11-16 1984-11-16 PREFABRICATED SELF-SUPPORTING SANDWICH PANELS FOR DIFFUSION LAYER COATINGS, AND THEIR MANUFACTURING METHOD

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8417513A FR2573460B1 (en) 1984-11-16 1984-11-16 PREFABRICATED SELF-SUPPORTING SANDWICH PANELS FOR DIFFUSION LAYER COATINGS, AND THEIR MANUFACTURING METHOD

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FR2573460A1 true FR2573460A1 (en) 1986-05-23
FR2573460B1 FR2573460B1 (en) 1988-05-06

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210381259A1 (en) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-09 Johns Manville Non-wicking underlayment board
US20210381229A1 (en) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-09 Johns Manville Non-wicking underlayment board

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0094299A1 (en) * 1982-05-10 1983-11-16 Etablissement public dit: CHARBONNAGES DE FRANCE Composite material of self supporting sandwich panel type
US4418108A (en) * 1982-02-08 1983-11-29 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Composite roofing panel

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4418108A (en) * 1982-02-08 1983-11-29 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Composite roofing panel
EP0094299A1 (en) * 1982-05-10 1983-11-16 Etablissement public dit: CHARBONNAGES DE FRANCE Composite material of self supporting sandwich panel type

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210381259A1 (en) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-09 Johns Manville Non-wicking underlayment board
US20210381229A1 (en) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-09 Johns Manville Non-wicking underlayment board
US11685140B2 (en) * 2020-06-05 2023-06-27 Johns Manville Non-wicking underlayment board
US11773586B2 (en) * 2020-06-05 2023-10-03 Johns Manville Non-wicking underlayment board

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Publication number Publication date
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