FR2539755A1 - LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITION FOR USE AT HIGH TEMPERATURE - Google Patents

Abstract

COMPOSITION OF LUBRICATING OIL FOR USE AT HIGH TEMPERATURE CONSISTING OF: A. 30 TO 95 BY WEIGHT OF AN ESTER OF AN ALCOHOL PRESENT A STERIC IMPAIRMENT AND OF AN UNSATURATED FATTY ACID WITH 18ATOMS OF CARBON AND B. 70 TO 5 IN WEIGHT OF A MINERAL OIL OR A SYNTHETIC OIL. ENGINE OIL.

Description

Various synthetic lubricating oils are currently known

  as lubricants for high use

  Their upper temperature limits, always

  However, if they are used at temperatures above 2000 C, there are various problems; for example, there is a very significant evaporation of the lubricating oil, which results in loss of lubricant present in the lubricated parts, or the lubricating action of the lubricant is reduced or canceled by sludge formation. Therefore the usual synthetic lubricating oils. are not suitable for

  employment at such high temperatures.

  Lubricants used in a motor of the type

  adiabatic, a very high temperature gas turbine

  a turbocharger engine, etc. It is required to withstand temperatures up to 200 C or more,

  particularly at temperatures up to 3000 C or higher.

  The main characteristics required of lubricants

  employed at such high temperatures are: (1)

  evaporation at high temperature is low; (2) he

  no sludge is formed at high temperature; (3) the stability

  bed 5 vis-à-vis the oxidation is good and (4) the capacity

load is high.

  An object of the invention is to provide a lubricant

  not presenting the problems described above and having all the characteristics required for the use

  at elevated temperature, as described above.

  It has been discovered that this goal can be achieved by

  combining a specific ester with a

  sterically and on the other hand a mineral oil or

synthetic oil.

  The present invention relates to a composition

  of lubricating oil for use at high temperature

both:

  (A) 30 to 95% by weight of an ester of a pre-alcohol

  with a steric hindrance and an unsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms and (B) 70 with 5% by weight of an oil-mineral and / or

synthetic oil.

  Component (A) of the oil composition

  according to the invention is an ester of an alcohol present in

  both a steric hindrance and an unsaturated fatty acid

  containing 18 carbon atoms It is possible to use according to

  a variety of hindered alcohols, including the compounds represented by the general formula (I):

CH 2 R 1

HR

R 2 CH 2 C CH 2 R

J

CH 2 R 3

  in which the groups R 1 to R 4 are each individual-

  a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having a hydroxyl group, or an alkyl group, provided that at least one of R 1 to R is a group

  hydroxyl or an alkyl group having a hydroxyl group.

  Among the hindered alcohols represented by the general formula (I), the compounds in which

  the alkyl group having a hydroxyl group and the group

  Alkyl contain from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

  most preferred sterically hindered alcohols are poly-

  alcohols such as trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane,

  pentaerythritol, neopentylglycol, 2-methylpropyl-

  2-1,3-propanediol, etc. Compounds can be used

  dipentaerythritol as well as alcohol to prevent

  The steric acid of general formula I. The acid to be used for preparing the desired ester by

  reaction with the sterically hindered alcohol described below.

  on it must be an unsaturated fatty acid containing 18 atoms

  The other acids can not give a

  lubricating oil position having the desired characteristics

  Examples of unsaturated fatty acids at 18 atoms

  carbon are: oleic acid, linoleic acid and linoleic acid. These acids can be used as

  form of their derivatives (for example: acid halides

des).

  Suitable examples of sterically hindered esters

  produced by reaction of the hindered alcohols with unsaturated fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms, as

  it has been said above are: trimethylolpropol trioleate

  pane, pentaerythrityl tetraoleate, dipentaerythrityl hexaoleate, neopentylglycyl dioleate; trimethylolpropane trilinoleate, pentaerythrityl tetralinoleate, dipentaerythrityl hexalinoleate, neopentylglycyl dilinoleate; and trimethylolpropane trilinolenate, pentaerythrityl tetralinolenate, dipentaerythrityl hexalinolenate and dilinolenate

of neopentylglycyl.

  Component (B) of the lubricating oil composition

  according to the invention is a mineral oil and / or a synthetic oil: that is to say a mineral oil and

  synthetic oil are used separately or in combination

  We can use different types of mineral oils, such as naphthenic mineral oils and paraffinic mineral oils. In general, we can use the mineral oils known as oils.

  basic lubricants You can also use different types of

  synthetic oils Examples of synthetic oils

  can be used are: polymers of -olefins having a

  a polymerization advantage of 20 to 200, such as a homopolymer of

  thylene, a propylene homopolymer, a butene homopolymer and an ethylene-propylene copolymer; organic phosphates such as alkyl phosphates and phosphates

  aryl; organic silicates such as silicates of

  kyl and aryl silicates; and carboxylates These car-

  Boxylates include esters obtained by reaction of di-

  acids such as adipic acid, azelaic acid and acid

  sebacic acid or saturated fatty acids with a linear or branched

  , containing 5 to 30 carbon atoms, on 2-ethylhexanol, sec-butanol, 3-methylbutanol or alcohols

  with steric hindrance.

  The viscosity of the mineral or synthetic oil de-

  is not critical In general, we prefer to use

  mineral oil or synthetic oil having a viscosity

  kinematics at 10 00 C of at least 5 1 e m-2 / s, in particular

bind 10 10-6 to 50 10 6 m 2 / s.

  The lubricating oil composition according to the invention

  essentially comprises constituents (A) and (B)

  as has been described above The proportion of

  (A) in the lubricating oil composition is 30 to 95% by weight and preferably 50 to 90% by weight, and the proportion of component (B) is 70 to 5% by weight and preferably 50 to 10% by weight If the proportion of component (A) is too low, the composition obtained is not stable at high temperature, whereas if it is

  too high, the oxidation stability decreases.

  In addition to the constituents (A) and (B), if necessary, additives such as antioxidants can be added

  of the amine, phenol and dithiophosphoric acid type,

  1: Persistence detergents of the sulfonate, phenate, phosphonate type

  and salicylate, agents for very high pressures of

  sulphide and phosphorus and of the phosphate type, as well as

  agents accentuating the oily character.

  Even if the lubricating oil composition according to the invention is used at temperatures up to 2000 ° C.

  or more, especially around 3000, the loss by evaporation

  It is low and there is less sludge.

  lubricating oil composition according to the invention is superior

  from the point of view of oxidation stability and also

if of the carrying capacity.

  Therefore, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention

  vention suitable for the lubrication of machine components

  subjected to high temperatures of 2000 C or more, in particular

  particularly in internal combustion engines, that is to say

  it is suitable for use as engine oil -

  The present invention is described in more detail

  if we refer to the examples and comparative examples

  Examples 1 to 13 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 Lubricating oil compositions were prepared

  having the formulations described in the Table and measured

  Physical properties The results are presented

In the picture.

  The following physical properties were tested.

Thermal stability test.

  A sample of lubricating oil (30 g) is placed in a beaker as specified in Fig. 153 of Japanese Standard JIS K 2839 and maintained at 320 ° C. for 3 hours at the end of this period. we determine

  evaporation loss and sludge formation.

  Indiana oxidation stirring test.

Measurement according to JIS K 2514.

  Falex friction test for the capacity of

ge.

Measurement according to ASTM D 3233.

BOARD

  Components of the Lubricating Oil Composition (parts by weight) Component (A) Trimethylolpoxy and oleic acid ester * Pentaerythritol and oleic acid ester * 2 Ester of pentaerythritol and linoleic acid * 3 Exemplary

2 '3 4 5 6 7 8 9

70 70 90 95 70 50

  Constituent (B) Paraffinic Mineral Oil * 4 O-olefin Homopolymer * 5 Saturated Ester with Sterile Tern * 6 Other Additives Phenothiazine Dioctyldiphenylamine d-naphthylamine Calcium Sulfonate (TBN = 25) * 7 Calcium Phenate (TBN = 150) ) Calcium salicylate (TBN = 170) Tricresyl phosphate

50 30

1 1 1 1

5 5

5 5

5 15

5

5

  Physical Properties Thermal Stability Test Evaporative Loss (% by Weight) Sludge Formation Indiana Agitation Augmentation Viscosity Augmentation Test (viscosity ratio) deenergizes at 40 o C Esai Total Acid Index by Falex Fricticum pxur the capacity of c (N) Appearance none none

19 20 17 15 20

none at all year old aruoe alder

28 27

arxire ax L Ore

1.3 1 5 2 1 2 3 2 5 2 5 2 3 2 O 1 5

2.5 2 9 4 9 5 0 7 6 8 0 5 6 3 O 3 1

4 '900 4900 4900 4900 4900 4900

800 4900

  (continued) Ingredients for the oenposition of lubricating oil (partial by weight> Constituent (A) * LI-ter of triaethylolp Drpane and of: -Oleic acid Ester of p taitrtlet de ilàciae oleic 2 Ester of tentaurrythritol and linoleic acid * 3 Constituent (B) * Paraffinic mineral oil Homopolymer of oc-olefin; K 5 Ester saturated with steroidal enquency; <6 Other additis Phenothiazine

Dioctyldiphenylamine -

  naphtylandne - * 7 Calcium sulphonate (TBN = 25) Calciuim phenate (93 BN = 150) Calcium salicylate <TBN-170) Phosphonate tricr 6 sy 1 ique il 12

90 50

Exe mp the coraparative

I 3 2 3 4

20

70

i

100

1 1 1 i 1

5

5

s 5 5

5 5

  Physical Properties Thermal Stability Test Evaporative Loss (wt.%) Sludge Formation Indiana Ag-oxidation Test Peak viscosity (viscosity ratio) test at 40 ° C Total acid number Esmi rr fricticai Falex For the capacity of da Rent (nt Aspect

22 16 29 21 15 33

  none none none none none yes yes

64

Yes Yes

2.4 2 5 1 9 1 7 3 5 1 2 1 1 1 1 5 4

5.3 7 9 3 8 8 0 11 9 1 1

4900 5340 4900 4900 4900, 445 C

0.5 9 6 12 3

4900 4450 4450

  (Note) Unister H-381 R, produced by Nippon Oils & Fats Co., Ltd. * 2 Unister H-481 R, produced by Nippon Oils & Fats Co, Ltd. * 3 Prepared by esterification of pentaerythritol and linoleic acid. * 4 Viscosity at 100 C: 30 10 6 m 2 / s

  * 5 Lucant HC, produced by Mitsui Petrochemical Co Ltd (co-

  ethylene propylene polymer; viscosity (100 C) 20.10-6 m 2 / s)

  * 6 Composite ester of trimethylolpropane and adiatic acid

  spike and stearic acid (Unister C-3373 H, produced

by Nippon Oils & Fats Co, Ltd).

* 7 TBN = Total number of bases

2539755.

Claims (7)

  A lubricating oil composition for high temperature use consisting of (A) 30 to 95% by weight of an ester of a hindered alcohol and an unsaturated fatty acid containing 18 carbon atoms and B) 70 to 5% by weight of a mineral oil and / or a synthetic oil.   Composition according to Claim 1, characterized   in that this composition is an engine oil.   Composition according to claim 1, characterized   in that the sterically hindered alcohol is one of the compounds represented by the general formula: CH 2 R 1 R 2 CH 2 C CH 2 R CH 2 R 1 4   in which groups R to R are each individual-   a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having a hydroxyl group, or an alkyl group,   provided that at least one of R 1 to R 4 is a hyphenated group   droxyl or an alkyl group having a hydroxyl group.   Composition according to Claim 3, characterized in   in that the compounds represented by the general formula   are trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, neopentylglycol or 2-methylpropyl-2-propanediol-1,3. Composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that the unsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms   is one of the compounds selected from the group consisting of   oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid.   6 Composition according to claim 1, characterized   in that the ester of the alcohol exhibiting a steric hindrance and the unsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms   is a compound selected from the group consisting of   of trimethylolpropane, pentaerythrityte tetraolate   dipentaerythrityl hexaoleate, neopenic dioleate   tylglycyl, trimethylolpropane trilinoleate, tetra-   pentaerythrityl linoleate, dipentan hexalinoleate   erythrityl, neopentylglycyl dilinoleate, trilinyl   trimethylolpropane lenate, tetralinolenate penta   erythrityl, dipentaerythrityl hexalinolenate and neopentylglycyl dilinolenate.   Composition according to claim 1, characterized   in that the mineral oil is a natural mineral oil   phenetic or a paraffinic mineral oil.   8 Composition according to claim 1, characterized   in that the synthetic oil is a compound selected from the group consisting of polymers of olefins having a polymerization degree of 20 to 200, phosphates   organic silicates and carboxylates.