FR2531274A1 - POWER COMBINATOR DEVICE FOR MICROWAVE OSCILLATOR OR AMPLIFIER - Google Patents

Abstract

SEVERAL ACTIVE ELEMENTS ARE COUPLED TO A SINGLE CIRCUIT SUCH AS A TUNING DEVICE OR A WORKING LOAD BY AT LEAST ONE RADIAL LINE WITH SECTOR 11 CHARGED ALONG ITS ARC END EDGE 12C BY THE ACTIVE ELEMENTS 10 AND CONNECTED OR COUPLE AUDIT CIRCUIT COMMON TO ITS OTHER END 12B.

Description

Power combining device for

  microwave oscillator or amplifier.

  The subject of the present invention is a device

  tif power combiner for an oscillator or am-

  microwave amplifier, in combination devices of this type

  known, several active elements are coupled to a same

  charge me for use via cylindrical or parallelepiped metal cavities, or even via a quarter-wave transformer with constant impedance along its length In the case of coupling by cavity, it is in particular known to have the active elements around the edge of the

  cavity, in particular in notches provided for this purpose.

  The object of the present invention is to provide a simpler, less bulky and less expensive combining device than existing devices O This object is achieved, in accordance with the invention, because the means of coupling between the active elements and a charge d use have at least one radial sector line, loaded, along its

  arcuate end edges, by active elements and re-

  linked or coupled, at its other end, to the payload. The radial sector line can be of the type

  microstrip ("microstrip"), coplanar or triplate.

  The different active elements are preferably

  characteristics as close as possible

  for this purpose, for example,

  full of semiconductor elements from the same plate

  quette and used without shoemaker, this one bringing a

  additional undesirable dispersion of characteristics.

  Conventionally, the active elements used

  These can be elements having a negative resistance under suitable polarization conditions, for example dipoles formed by effect diodes.

  Gunn, avalanche diodes etc. The combined device

  The inventor can also be used.

  sé for the coupling of active elements of the quadrupole type, such as transistors, or hexapole, such as

bigrille transistors.

  According to an alternative embodiment of the device

  tif combiner according to the invention, the radial line comprises several sectors spaced from each other by intervals in the form of sections, intervals

  in which resistors are advantageously placed

  these anti-parasites to avoid any transverse resonance. According to another alternative embodiment, the coupling means comprise several radial lines

  in the sector, they themselves are coupled to a user load

  your own, for example by means of a cavity

  Other features and advantages of the

  sitive power combiner according to the invention

  upon reading the description given below,

  indicative but not limitntifg with reference to the-

sins attached on which:

  Figure 1 is a schematic view of a pre-

  mier embodiment of a device according to the invention

  tion using a microstrip type line,

  Figure 2 is a schematic view of a se-

  cond embodiment of a device according to the invention-

  tion using a line of coplanar type, Figures 3 and 4 are schematic plan views of alternative embodiments using a line of microstrip type with several sectors, Figure 5 is a schematic plan view of an alternative embodiment using a line of the coplanar type with several sectors, FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a

  device according to the invention carrying out a coupling col-

  output of active elements formed by transistors, Figures 7 and 8 are schematic views

  ques of devices according to the invention providing a cou-

collective range of agreement, and

  Figure 9 schematically illustrates the cost

  range of several radial lines to sector by a system

  combination dielectric cavity.

  Figure 1 shows several active elements, consisting for example of Gunn or avalanche diodes, which are mounted at regular intervals along the end edge in an arc of a line

  radial to sector 11 This line 11 is of the micro-

  ribbon and comprises a metallization 12 formed on a

  face of a substrate 13 and another metallization 14 for-

  méée on the opposite face of the substrate 13 Metallization

  12 includes a part 12 a in a sector of a prolonged circle

  gée at its top by a band 12 b, the whole being sy-

  metric with respect to the line containing the radius me-

  dian of sector 12 a Active elements 10 are connected

  in parallel between metallization 12 and 14, this latter

  mass forming The connections of the ac-

  tifs along the arc edge 12 c of the metallization 12

  are performed with a constant step p, the elements ac-

  tifs located at the ends being spaced p / 2 from the ends of the edge 12 c The characteristic impedance of the radial line in sector is a function in particular of the angle at the top O This angle is chosen according to the number of active elements to be coupled plus this angle is

  large and more the resistance brought back on the elements ac-

  tifs is weak The link with the user load

  tion (not shown) is produced at the end of the strip 12 b The polarization links of the active elements 10 are not shown As already indicated, advantageously used as active elements are semiconductor elements coming from the same wafer

  and without bootmaker in order to have characteristics

  practically uniform The power combining device with radial sector line is therefore well suited to the production of integrated oscillators or amplifiers. Figures 2 to 9 illustrate other modes of

  realization of the device according to the invention On these fi-

  gures, only the active elements and the

  means for coupling them to a load of use.

  FIG. 2 shows a power combining device using a radial sector sector 21 of the coplanar type Line 21 comprises two metallizations

  22, 24 formed on the same face of a substrate 23 The met

  tallization 22 has a shape similar to that of 12-

  gure 1, with a sector part 22 a and a strip part 22 b Metallization 24 forms a mass and surrounds the

  metallization 22 by being separated from it by an in-

  tervalle of constant width The active elements 20 are connected in common, on the one hand, to the metallization 24 and, on the other hand, at regular intervals along the

  arc edge 22 c of the sector part 22 a.

  The radial line can include several sec-

  each linked to several active elements, such as

illustrated by figures 3 to 5.

  Thus, FIG. 3 shows a radial line 31 of the microstrip type, the metallization 32 formed on one face of the substrate 33 has several parts in

  circular sector 32 a, 32 'a, 32 "has the same top and even

  me diameter, these parts being united at their top

  fitted and extended by a single strip part 32 b The different parts 32 a, 32 'a, 32 "a have the same dimensions and are each connected, along their arcuate edge, to several active elements 30 regularly spaced The sectors 32 a, 32 'a, 32 "a are separated from each other by intervals 36 in which are placed interference resistors 37 connected between neighboring metallized sectors The intervals 36 extend over

  a length L sufficient for the anti-resistance

  parasites 37 effectively prevent any

transverse sounding.

  FIG. 4 shows a combining device which differs from that of FIG. 3 only by the fact that the metallization 42 of the line 41 comprises, in addition to the sector parts 42 a, 42 ′ a, 42 "a and the part in strip 42 b, part in additional strip 42 d The strip 42 d extends parallel to strip 42 b, along and at a distance therefrom and extends beyond

  to allow the connection with the load of use.

  In this case, the connection between the active elements 40 and the load therefore comprises the coupling between the banids

42 b and 42 d.

  A radial line 51 with several sectors

  shown in coplanar technology is illustrated by the figure

  gure 5 Two metallizations 52, 54 are formed on the same face of a substrate 53 The metallization 52 comprises two identical sector parts 52 a, 52 ′ a joined and extended at their common apex by a strip part 52 b -The metallization 54 surrounds the metallization 52 while being spaced therefrom by an interval of constant width Several active elements 50 are connected in parallel between the metallization 54 and each sector 52 a, 52 ′ a, the elements 50 being regularly distributed

  along the arc edge 52 c, 52 ′ c of each sector.

  The use of a li-

  radial to sector to collectively couple more

  dipoles (diodes) Such a line can also be used to make a collective coupling of transistor output 60, as illustrated in FIG. 6 The output terminals of the transistors are connected at regular intervals along the arc edge of a line

  61 of micro-ribbon type Line 61 includes a metal-

  reading 62 formed on one face of a substrate 63, with a circular sector portion 62 extended at its top by a strip portion 62 b The input terminals of the transistors are connected to respective lines formed by strips 68 on one face of a substrate 69 which has a cnté 69 a S 'extending parallel to the

  arc edge of line 61 and away from it: ci.

  The bias links of the transistors 60 and the

  metallizations formed on the other faces of the

  trats 63 and 69 are not shown.

  In the case of the application of the power monitoring device to the production of oscillators,

  the radial line has sector can be used for

  read a collective coupling of active elements to a

tuning circuit.

  Figure 7 shows two lines 71, 71 ', of ty-

  eg micro-ribbon arranged on the two opposite faces of a conductive plate 74 forming a mass. The line 71 comprises a substrate 73, one face of which is linked to one of the

  faces of the plate 74 and the other face of which bears a

  tallization 72, while line 71 'includes a sub-

  trat 73 ', one face of which is linked to the other face of the plate 74 and the other face of which bears a metallization 72' The metallization 72 has a sector part 72 a along the arc edge of which are connected

  active element terminals 70 (transistors) and a part

  strip tie 72 b connected to ground via

  with a decoupling capacity Cd and an anti-resistance

  parasite Rap Line 71 performs collective coupling

  elements 70 to a tuning circuit comprising a ca-

  dielectric life 75 formed near the metallized part 72 b The metallization 72 ′ has, for example, a shape similar to that of line 11 of the figure

  l and performs a collective coupling of output of the elements

70.

  In the case of FIG. 8, a line 8 i of

  micro-ribbon type performs collective coupling of

  sistors 80 in a similar manner to that illustrated in FIG. 6 A metallization 82 formed on a substrate 83 has a part in the form of a circular sector 82 a on the arc edge of which the outputs of the

  transistors 80 and a strip portion 82 b The latter

  re-is L-shaped with a branch 82 'b connected to the top of sector 82 a and extended at right angles by

  a branch 82 "b which is connected to ground by a capa-

  decoupling city Cd and an anti-parasitic resistance Rap A dielectric cavity 85 is formed near the branch 82 "b while a metallized band-like part 82 d extends parallel to the branch 82 'b and extends for connection with a load

of use.

  In the foregoing, the case of the

  coupling of several active elements by means of a single

  the sector line comprising one or more parts

  in the form of circular sectors It is also envisaged

  ble to couple a large number of active elements using

  of several sector radial lines themselves

  collectively folded, for example by means of a cavity

  dielectric as shown schematically in Figure 9.

  Several preferably identical lines 91 are arranged in a crown at regular intervals.

  lines 91 are of the micro-ribbon type and each include

  does a part 9 la with a metallization 92 a in the form of

  circular sector formed on a substrate-93 a and a part

  tie 91 b with metallization 92 b in the form of a band

  mée on-a substrate 93 b Metallizations 92 a de-diff-

  ferent lines 91 are formed on a common substrate 93 a in the form of a crown and have their arcuate edges 92 c situated along the circumference of the crown These

  92 b metallizations connect to the tops of the sec-

  92 a at the inner circumference of the

  crown and extend perpendicular to the metallization

  tions 92 a, on respective substrates 93 b linked to the sub-

  trat 93 a and extending e N d i r e c t i o N a x i a 1 e around a tubular dielectric cavity 95 performing the collective coupling of lines 91 Several active elements 90 are connected along each arc edge of the

  metallizations 92 a It is then possible to couple more

  several dozen active elements, the energy being taken

  from cavity 95, we can then reach ni-

  high power calves Pest resistance

  97 are arranged in the intervals 96 between the mete

  92 a to eliminate transverse resonances

  These resistors can be placed at the two ex-

  hoppers of intervals 96, i.e. at the level of

  inner and outer circumferences of the crown.

  It is alternatively possible to connect the meta

  tallizations 92 a in the vicinity of the outer circumference

  crown as illustrated in broken lines

more at 92 d in Figure 9.

Claims (3)

  1 Power combining device for oscil-   microwave reader or amplifier, device   bearing means for coupling several active elements   tifs to the same circuit such as a tuning device or a load of use, characterized in that the coupling means comprise at least one radial sector line (11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71 , 81, 91) loaded along its end edge   in arc, by the active elements and connected or coupled to-   says common circuit at its other end.   2 Device according to claim se in that the radial line sector is ribbon. 3 Device according to claim se in that the radial sector line is planar. 4 Device according to claim se in that the radial sector line is triplate. 1, character of the micro type 1, character of the co- type 1, character   of the device type according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the line (31, 41, 51, 91) comprises several parts in similar sector united at their common summit.   6 Device according to any one of the claims.   previous cations, characterized in that Dil comprises% several radial sector lines (91) each having a part in the form of a charged sector, along its   arched edge, by several active elements, and a part   tie in the form of a band, and a cavity combination system (95) providing a collective coupling of the different lines.