FR2526677A1 - INSUFFLATION UNIT FOR A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR - Google Patents

INSUFFLATION UNIT FOR A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2526677A1
FR2526677A1 FR8307677A FR8307677A FR2526677A1 FR 2526677 A1 FR2526677 A1 FR 2526677A1 FR 8307677 A FR8307677 A FR 8307677A FR 8307677 A FR8307677 A FR 8307677A FR 2526677 A1 FR2526677 A1 FR 2526677A1
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France
Prior art keywords
gas
bed reactor
wall
fluidized bed
central channel
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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FR8307677A
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French (fr)
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FR2526677B1 (en
Inventor
Eike Barnert
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Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
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Kernforschungsanlage Juelich GmbH
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Publication of FR2526677A1 publication Critical patent/FR2526677A1/en
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Publication of FR2526677B1 publication Critical patent/FR2526677B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/442—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using fluidised bed process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/1818—Feeding of the fluidising gas
    • B01J8/1827—Feeding of the fluidising gas the fluidising gas being a reactant

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an incident flow unit for a fluidised bed reactor, in which a central channel for conducting the decomposable gases and an annular channel, coaxial with the central channel, for conducting the carrier gases are provided. With laminar flow, the decomposable gases are laterally sheathed by the carrier gas stream emerging from the annular channel, so that the formation of deposits on the portions of the incident flow unit is in fact largely, but not completely, avoided. The object is to provide an incident flow unit in which the formation of deposits - in particular on the narrow place located below the fluidised bed - is completely prevented. According to the invention, the gas feed above the narrow place to the fluidised bed reactor is of a conical shape, with its opening angle upwards, and is bounded by a wall of porous material, which in turn is surrounded by a gas feed. In operation of the incident flow unit, a gas is additionally forced through the porous wall above the narrow place, and appropriately is an inert gas. This gas fills the space between the annular stream and the wall and protects against wetting with sheathing gas.

Description

Unité d'insufflation pour un réacteur à lit fluidisé.Insufflation unit for a fluidized bed reactor.

L'invention se rapporte à une unité dtin- sufflation pour un réacteur à lit fluidisé, dans laquellesont prévus un canal central pour guider un gaz susceptible de se décomposer et un canal annulaire, coaxial au canal central,pour guider un gaz porteur, le canal annulaire formant à son extrémité supérieure un étranglement sur lequel le canal central est dirigé en en étant à distance, un guidage du gaz vers le réacteur à lit fluidisé se trouvant au-dessus de l'étranglement et étant conique en s'évasant vers le haut. The invention relates to a distillation unit for a fluidized bed reactor, in which a central channel is provided for guiding a gas liable to decompose and an annular channel, coaxial with the central channel, for guiding a carrier gas, the channel annular forming at its upper end a constriction on which the central channel is directed by being at a distance therefrom, a gas guide towards the fluidized bed reactor located above the constriction and being conical by widening upwards .

On connaît une unité d'insufflation de ce type par les brevets de la République Fédérale d'Allemagne No.2.611.844 et No. 2. 937.652. Des unités d'insufflation du type mentionné ci-dessus sont prévues dans des réacteurs à lit fluidisé, ces unités se trouvant en-dessous du lit fluidisé. Dans des réacteurs à lit fluidisé de ce type, on enrobe par exemple des noyaux combustibles ou fertiles, ayant un diamètre de quelques 100 microns, par pyrolyse à l'aide de substances convenables et on empêche la libération de produits fissiles lors de la fission nucléaire. A blowing unit of this type is known from the patents of the Federal Republic of Germany No. 2,611,844 and No. 2,937,652. Insufflation units of the type mentioned above are provided in fluidized bed reactors, these units being located below the fluidized bed. In fluidized bed reactors of this type, for example combustible or fertile nuclei, having a diameter of some 100 microns, are coated by pyrolysis with the aid of suitable substances and the release of fissile products during nuclear fission is prevented .

Des gaz qui conviennent à la pyrolyse sont le méthane, le propane, le propylène, le chlore, le méthylsilane, le chlorure de molybdène V ou autres gaz semblables. Ils sont introduits,ensemble avec un gaz support convenable, comme l'argon, l'hélium, l'hydrogène, l'azote, l'oxyde de carbone, ou autres gaz semblables, dans le lit fluidisé. La température de réaction est comprise entre 1000 et 22000C. Gases suitable for pyrolysis are methane, propane, propylene, chlorine, methylsilane, molybdenum chloride V or other similar gases. They are introduced, together with a suitable support gas, such as argon, helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, or other similar gases, into the fluidized bed. The reaction temperature is between 1000 and 22000C.

Dans l'unité d'insufflation connue, l'embouchure du canal central, dans laquelle passe le gaz d'enrobage, est à l'intérieur de l'unité d'insufflation et se trouve donc à une température plus basse que la température de décomposition nécessaire à la décomposition des gaz d'enrobage. Le courant de gaz d'enrobage, dirigé par le canal central sur le milieu de l'endroit le plus étroit de la paroi tubulaire, entoure aussi latéralement, quand le gaz s'écoule d'une manière laminaire, le courant de gaz porteur sortant du canal annulaire, et est maintenu ainsi éloigné de la paroi de l'unité d'insufflation menant le courant de gaz porteur à l'étranglement. On empêche ainsi également, dans une grande mesure, la formation de dépôts sur les autres parties de l'unité d'insufflation. In the known insufflation unit, the mouth of the central channel, through which the coating gas passes, is inside the insufflation unit and is therefore at a temperature lower than the temperature of decomposition necessary for the decomposition of the coating gases. The stream of coating gas, directed by the central channel on the middle of the narrowest point of the tubular wall, also surrounds laterally, when the gas flows in a laminar manner, the stream of outgoing carrier gas from the annular channel, and is thus kept away from the wall of the insufflation unit leading the stream of carrier gas to the throttle. This also prevents, to a large extent, the formation of deposits on the other parts of the insufflation unit.

Mais, comme l'a montré la pratique, on ne peut pas, dans l'unité d'insufflation connue, empêcher entièrement la formation de dépôts à l'étranglement servant de diaphragme. Car l'écoulement laminaire du gaz d'enrobage formant le jet central, ainsi que l'écoulement laminaire du gaz porteur formant le jet annulaire sont influencés, lorsqu'ils passent l'étranglement, de sorte qu'il se produit un tourbillonnement annulaire peu après l'étranglement.Une partie du gaz d'enrobage parvient ainsi sur la paroi du four Q lit fluidisé peu après l'étranglement, ce qui entraine la création faible, mais indésirable, cependant, par exemple de carbone pyrolytique
L'installation d'insufflation connue souffre en outre d'un autre inconvénient qui provient du fait que les particules à enrober -subissent, dans le lit fluidisé, des accélérations dans n'importe quelle direction. I1 faut donc, pour que les particules ne quittent pas le lit fluidisé vers le bas en passant par l'étranglement, qu'elles soient freinées par le courant gazeux venant du bas, ce qui exige un trajet de freinage d'une longueur déterminée. Mais ceci n'est pas assuré dans l'unité d'insufflation connue, puisque le lit fluidisé se raccorde directement audessus de l'étranglement.On ne peut pas donc éviter entièrement, dans l'unité d'insufflation connue, que des particules ne quittent le lit fluidisé par l'étranglement.However, as practice has shown, in the known insufflation unit, it is not possible to entirely prevent the formation of deposits at the constriction serving as a diaphragm. Because the laminar flow of the coating gas forming the central jet, as well as the laminar flow of the carrier gas forming the annular jet are influenced, when they pass the constriction, so that an annular vortex occurs little part of the coating gas thus reaches the wall of the fluidized bed furnace Q shortly after the constriction, which leads to the weak but undesirable creation, however, for example of pyrolytic carbon
The known insufflation installation also suffers from another drawback which arises from the fact that the particles to be coated undergo, in the fluidized bed, accelerations in any direction. I1 must therefore, so that the particles do not leave the fluidized bed down through the throttle, they must be braked by the gas stream from below, which requires a braking path of a determined length. However, this is not guaranteed in the known insufflation unit, since the fluidized bed is connected directly above the throttle. It is therefore not entirely possible, in the known insufflation unit, to prevent particles from leave the fluidized bed through the constriction.

L'invention vise à perfectionner une unité d'insufflation du type connu, de manière à en pallier les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus. The invention aims to improve an insufflation unit of the known type, so as to overcome the drawbacks mentioned above.

Suivant l'invention, le guidage du gaz est délimité par une paroi en matériau poreux, une chambre d'amenée de gaz entourant la paroi et pouvant être raccordée à un conduit d'amenée de gaz. According to the invention, the gas guidance is delimited by a wall made of porous material, a gas supply chamber surrounding the wall and being able to be connected to a gas supply duct.

Lorsque l'unité d'insufflation fonctionne, le jet central laminaire, entouré du jet annulaire laminaire, pénètre par l'étranglement dans le lit de particules. Les deux jets se contractent. L'endroit le plus étroit des jets se trouve au-dessus de l'étranglement. L'apparition d'écoulements turbulents, peu après l'étranglement, est empêchée dans l'unité d'insufflation suivant l'invention par le fait qu'un gaz, qui avantageusement est un gaz inerte, est comprime supplémentairement à travers la paroi poreuse au-dessus de l'étranglement. Ce gaz emplit l'espace compris entre le jet annulaire et la paroi et empêche ainsi la rupture de l'écoulement du jet central et du jet annulaire à l'étranglement. When the insufflation unit is operating, the central laminar jet, surrounded by the laminar annular jet, enters through the throttle in the particle bed. The two jets contract. The narrowest point of the jets is above the throat. The appearance of turbulent flows, shortly after the constriction, is prevented in the blowing unit according to the invention by the fact that a gas, which advantageously is an inert gas, is additionally compressed through the porous wall. above the throttle. This gas fills the space between the annular jet and the wall and thus prevents the flow of the central jet and the annular jet from throttling.

Les jets restent laminaires. La paroi poreuse est protégée de tout mouillage par le gaz d'enrobage.The jets remain laminar. The porous wall is protected from any wetting by the coating gas.

Elle est en outre aussi refroidie par le gaz supplémentaire qui la traverse.It is also also cooled by the additional gas passing through it.

Suivant un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'unité d'insufflation suivant l'invention, le guidage du gaz vers le réacteur à lit fluidisé est en forme de double cône, l'angle d'ouverture inférieur du double cône étant compris entre 20 et 600, et l'angle d'ouverture supérieur du double cône étant de 90". Dans ce mode de réalisation de l'unité d'insufflation, le gaz devient turbulent après la traversée du cône inférieur, en raison de l'importante augmentation de section droite et du mouvement des particules. Mais tout mouillage par le gaz d'enrobage de la paroi poreuse dans la région du cône supérieur est empêché par la sortie du gaz comprimé à travers la paroi. According to an advantageous embodiment of the blowing unit according to the invention, the guiding of the gas towards the fluidized bed reactor is in the form of a double cone, the lower opening angle of the double cone being between 20 and 600, and the upper opening angle of the double cone being 90 ". In this embodiment of the insufflation unit, the gas becomes turbulent after passing through the lower cone, due to the significant increase in cross section and movement of the particles, but any wetting by the coating gas of the porous wall in the region of the upper cone is prevented by the exit of the compressed gas through the wall.

La sortie du gaz comprimé à travers la paroi poreuse est commandée par la perte de pression dans la paroi, perte qui dépend de l'épaisseur et de la porosité de la paroi. The outlet of the compressed gas through the porous wall is controlled by the pressure loss in the wall, which loss depends on the thickness and the porosity of the wall.

La figure unique du dessin annexé est un schéma d'un exemple de réalisation de l'unité d'insufflation suivant l'invention. The single figure of the accompanying drawing is a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the insufflation unit according to the invention.

Comme il ressort du dessin, l'unité d'insufflation présente un canal central 1 qui, suivant la représentation 2, est subdivisé, en vue d'augmenter le débit, en courants partiels,par la mise en oeuvre d'un faisceau tubulaire. La paroi délimitant le canal annulaire 3 débouche dans un étranglement 4 qui se trouve en-dessous du lit fluidisé 5 représenté seulement partiellement au dessin. La plaque 6 poreuse sert à obtenir un profil de vitesse uniforme du courant du jet annulaire. En même temps, le canal central 1 est centré au moyen de la plaque 6. As is apparent from the drawing, the insufflation unit has a central channel 1 which, according to the representation 2, is subdivided, with a view to increasing the flow rate, in partial currents, by the use of a tubular bundle. The wall delimiting the annular channel 3 opens into a constriction 4 which is located below the fluidized bed 5 shown only partially in the drawing. The porous plate 6 is used to obtain a uniform velocity profile for the current of the annular jet. At the same time, the central channel 1 is centered by means of the plate 6.

Le guidage 7 du gaz vers le réacteur à lit fluidisé est en forme de double cône, avec un angle d'ouverture vers le haut, et est délimité par une paroi 8 en matériau poreux. La paroi 8 poreuse est entourée d'une chambre 9 d'introduction du gaz qui peut être raccordée à une alimentation en gaz par un raccord 10. La pression qui est nécessaire dans la chambre 9 d'introduction du gaz est établie au moyen d'un régulateur 11.  The guide 7 of the gas towards the fluidized bed reactor is in the form of a double cone, with an opening angle upwards, and is delimited by a wall 8 made of porous material. The porous wall 8 is surrounded by a gas introduction chamber 9 which can be connected to a gas supply by a connector 10. The pressure which is necessary in the gas introduction chamber 9 is established by means of a regulator 11.

Claims (2)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Unité d'insufflation pour un réacteur à lit fluidisé, dans laquelle sont prévus un canal central (1) pour guider un gaz susceptible de se décomposer et un canal annulaire (3), coaxial au canal central (1), pour guider un gaz porteur, le canal annulaire (3) formant à son extrémité supérieure un étranglement (4) sur lequel le canal central (1) est dirigé en en étant à distance, un guidage (7) du gaz vers le réacteur à lit fluidisé se trouvant au-dessus de l'étranglement (4) et étant conique en s'évasant vers le haut, caractérisée en ce que le guidage (7) du gaz est délimité par une paroi (8) en matériau poreux, une chambre (9) d'amenée de gaz entourant la paroi (8) et pouvant être raccordée à un conduit d'amenée (10) de gaz. 1. Insufflation unit for a fluidized bed reactor, in which a central channel (1) is provided to guide a gas liable to decompose and an annular channel (3), coaxial with the central channel (1), to guide a carrier gas, the annular channel (3) forming at its upper end a constriction (4) on which the central channel (1) is directed by being at a distance therefrom, a guide (7) of the gas towards the fluidized bed reactor being above the throttle (4) and being conical by widening upwards, characterized in that the gas guide (7) is delimited by a wall (8) of porous material, a chamber (9) d gas supply surrounding the wall (8) and can be connected to a gas supply pipe (10). 2. Unité d'insufflation suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le guidage (7) du gaz vers le réacteur à lit fluidisé est en forme de double cône, l'angle d'ouverture inférieur du double cône étant compris entre 20 et 600, et l'angle d'ouverture supérieur du double cône étant de 90".  2. Insufflation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide (7) of the gas towards the fluidized bed reactor is in the form of a double cone, the lower opening angle of the double cone being between 20 and 600, and the upper opening angle of the double cone being 90 ".
FR8307677A 1982-05-14 1983-05-09 INSUFFLATION UNIT FOR A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR Expired FR2526677B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823218136 DE3218136C2 (en) 1982-05-14 1982-05-14 Inflow unit for a fluidized bed reactor

Publications (2)

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FR2526677A1 true FR2526677A1 (en) 1983-11-18
FR2526677B1 FR2526677B1 (en) 1987-01-16

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DE (1) DE3218136C2 (en)
FR (1) FR2526677B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013001024A1 (en) * 2011-06-28 2013-01-03 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Jet-spouted bed reactor having a specific profile

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4738780B2 (en) * 2004-09-13 2011-08-03 株式会社日本アルミ Powder circulation device

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2016048A1 (en) * 1968-08-21 1970-04-30 Sincat Societa Ind
FR2344932A1 (en) * 1976-03-20 1977-10-14 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich NOZZLE TO SPRAY GAS

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2016048A1 (en) * 1968-08-21 1970-04-30 Sincat Societa Ind
FR2344932A1 (en) * 1976-03-20 1977-10-14 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich NOZZLE TO SPRAY GAS

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013001024A1 (en) * 2011-06-28 2013-01-03 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Jet-spouted bed reactor having a specific profile
FR2977259A1 (en) * 2011-06-28 2013-01-04 Commissariat Energie Atomique SPECIFIC REACTOR TYPE REACTOR DEVICE WITH JET TYPE FOR CVD DEPOSITION
US20140193570A1 (en) * 2011-06-28 2014-07-10 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Jet Spouted Bed Type Reactor Device Having A Specific Profile For CVD
US10068674B2 (en) * 2011-06-28 2018-09-04 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Jet spouted bed type reactor device having a specific profile for CVD

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS58207940A (en) 1983-12-03
DE3218136C2 (en) 1984-05-03
DE3218136A1 (en) 1983-11-17
FR2526677B1 (en) 1987-01-16

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