FR2517344A1 - Bonding wall having plaster surface to adjacent structure - by filling space with flexible foam, pref. polyurethane - Google Patents
Bonding wall having plaster surface to adjacent structure - by filling space with flexible foam, pref. polyurethane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2517344A1 FR2517344A1 FR8122600A FR8122600A FR2517344A1 FR 2517344 A1 FR2517344 A1 FR 2517344A1 FR 8122600 A FR8122600 A FR 8122600A FR 8122600 A FR8122600 A FR 8122600A FR 2517344 A1 FR2517344 A1 FR 2517344A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- foam
- weight
- wall
- partition
- plaster
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
- E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
- E04B1/6801—Fillings therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
- E04B2/82—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge characterised by the manner in which edges are connected to the building; Means therefor; Special details of easily-removable partitions as far as related to the connection with other parts of the building
- E04B2/821—Connections between two opposed surfaces (i.e. floor and ceiling) by means of a device offering a restraining force acting in the plane of the partition
- E04B2/822—Elastic connections, e.g. inflated joints
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à un procédé de construction de bâtiments ou de modification de bâtiments existants. The present invention relates to a method of constructing buildings or modifying existing buildings.
L'emploi de cloisons formées de panneaux ou de carreaux préfabriqués constitués entièrement de plâtre ou ayant au moins une de leurs faces revêtues de ce matériau a permis des gains importants de productivité par comparaison avec la technique ancienne. Cependant un problème résulte du fait que des mouvements relatifs peuvent affecter le gros oeuvre (ou la structure) d'une part, ou la cloison d'autre part. Si la liaison entre cloison et gros oeuvre est rigide, il peut en résulter l'apparition de fissures soit au niveau de la liaison soit à travers la cloison elle-même. On peut réduire ce risque en laissant un certain vide entre la cloison e le gros oeuvre, la cloison reposant alors sur une semelle en matière déformable et élastique, mais il faut alors prévoir des couvre-joints, ce qui grève le prix de revient.En outre, la capacité de déformation de la semelle élastique est parfois insuffisante et dans ce cas les inconvénients qu'on vient d'évoquer sont seulement différés. The use of partitions formed by panels or prefabricated tiles made entirely of plaster or having at least one of their faces coated with this material has enabled significant gains in productivity by comparison with the old technique. However, a problem results from the fact that relative movements can affect the shell (or structure) on the one hand, or the partition on the other. If the connection between the bulkhead and the structural work is rigid, it may result in the appearance of cracks either at the level of the connection or through the partition itself. This risk can be reduced by leaving a certain gap between the partition and the main structure, the partition then resting on a sole made of deformable and elastic material, but it is then necessary to provide joint covers, which increases the cost price. in addition, the deformation capacity of the elastic sole is sometimes insufficient and in this case the drawbacks just mentioned are only deferred.
Par ailleurs, le couvre-joint est en général imparfaitement efficace en ce qui concerne l'isolation thermique et phonique. En outre, le couvre-joint est d'une matière différente de celle de la cloison, ce qui pose des problèmes d'aspect après la finition. Furthermore, the joint cover is generally imperfectly effective with regard to thermal and sound insulation. In addition, the joint cover is of a different material from that of the partition, which poses appearance problems after finishing.
Le but de la présente invention est de fournir une jonction qui, d'une part, permette des déplacements relatifs importants entre cloison et gros oeuvre tout en assurant la continuité de l'isolation thermique et phonique, et, d'autre part, permette une finition conservant l'aspect d'un enduit traditionnel, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de faire appel à un couvre-joint. The object of the present invention is to provide a junction which, on the one hand, allows significant relative displacements between partition and structural work while ensuring the continuity of thermal and sound insulation, and, on the other hand, allows finish retaining the appearance of a traditional plaster, without the need to use a joint cover.
I1 est connu, dans d'autres domaines que le batiment, de combler le vide entre deux éléments susceptibles de subir un déplacement relatif limité à l'aide d'une mousse souple, en particulier une mousse de polyuréthane. Cette solution n'a pu être adoptée jusqu'ici dans le bâtent car 1'aspect et la couleur de ces mousses sont très différents de ceux du plâtre habituellement utilisé pour les revêtements intérieurs,si bien que le couvre-joint demeure nécessaire pour des considérations d'aspect. On sait en effet qu'une simple peinture ne peut arriver à fournir une surface lisse en recouvrant une surface telle que celle d'une mousse, qui est parsemée de cavités profondes, oh la peinture liquide se rassemble pour donner naissance à des manques ou au contraire à des gouttes en saillie.Les revêtements usuels ne permettent pas non plus d'obtenir un résultat durable car ils se fissurent sous l'effet des déformations. I1 is known, in other fields than the building, to fill the gap between two elements likely to undergo a limited relative movement using a flexible foam, in particular a polyurethane foam. This solution could not be adopted so far in the building because the appearance and the color of these foams are very different from those of the plaster usually used for interior coatings, so that the joint cover remains necessary for considerations appearance. We know in fact that a simple paint cannot manage to provide a smooth surface by covering a surface such as that of a foam, which is strewn with deep cavities, oh the liquid paint collects to give rise to gaps or to contrary to protruding drops. The usual coatings also do not make it possible to obtain a lasting result because they crack under the effect of the deformations.
Les recherches entreprises par la demanderesse, ont permis de.résoudre ce problème et en particulier de fournir un couple (matériau d'obturation) + (matière de revêtement) dont les composants présentent une bonne adhérence réciproque, des propriétés d'élasticité voisines, et une bonne aptitude à fournir des surfaces extérieures planes, la matière de revêtement ayant en plus une très bonne adhérence sur le plâtre, des caractéristiques de couleurs et de grains pratiquement identiques à celles des enduits de plâtre usuels, cette matière de revêtement étant en plus facile à mettre en place selon les techniques usuelles. The research undertaken by the applicant has made it possible to solve this problem and in particular to provide a couple (filling material) + (coating material) whose components exhibit good mutual adhesion, similar elasticity properties, and a good ability to provide flat exterior surfaces, the coating material also having very good adhesion to plaster, characteristics of colors and grains practically identical to those of conventional plaster coatings, this coating material being easier to set up according to the usual techniques.
La présente invention fournit donc un procédé de liaison entre une cloison formée de panneaux ou carreaux préfabriqués ayant au moins une face formée de plâtre et les ouvrages adjacents, comportant l'interposition d'une matière élastique entre le panneau et l'ouvrage adjacent qui présente la particularité que l'on introduit dans l'intervalle entre la cloison et l'ouvrage adjacent un agent formateur de mousse souple, on laisse la mousse se former jusqu'à remplir au moins tout ledit intervalle, puis faire prise, ensuite on coupe la mousse qui a débordé de l'intervalle pour obtenir une surface plane prolongeant la surface de la cloison, et, enfin, on dispose dans la zone du joint une couche de matière de revêtement souple ayant la composition suivante
a) résine synthétique en émulsion anionique, formée principalement de copolymères carboxyles contenant des groupes acryliques et/ou vinyliques à raison de 17 à 20 % en poids
b) carbonate de calcium blanc en particules de 2 à 120 micromètres à raison de 30 à 40 % en poids
c) talc à raison de 5 à 10 % en poids
d) oxyde de titane à raison de 4 à 10 % en poids
e) solde : essentiellement eau et adjuvants épais
sissants, de viscosité et/ou de conservation.The present invention therefore provides a method of bonding between a partition formed of prefabricated panels or tiles having at least one face formed of plaster and the adjacent works, comprising the interposition of an elastic material between the panel and the adjacent work which has the peculiarity that a flexible foam-forming agent is introduced into the interval between the partition and the adjacent work, the foam is allowed to form until filling at least the entire said interval, then setting, then cutting the foam which has protruded from the gap in order to obtain a flat surface extending the surface of the partition, and finally, a layer of flexible covering material having the following composition is placed in the region of the joint
a) synthetic resin in anionic emulsion, formed mainly of carboxylated copolymers containing acrylic and / or vinyl groups at a rate of 17 to 20% by weight
b) white calcium carbonate in particles of 2 to 120 micrometers at a rate of 30 to 40% by weight
c) talc at 5 to 10% by weight
d) titanium oxide in an amount of 4 to 10% by weight
e) balance: mainly water and thick additives
sissant, viscosity and / or conservation.
De préférence, la matière de revêtement comprend en outre une charge silico-alumineuse vitrifiée, constituée de par
ticule de 5 à 300/1-m en quantité de 2 à 4%.Preferably, the coating material further comprises a vitrified silico-aluminous filler, constituted by
ticle from 5 to 300/1-m in quantity from 2 to 4%.
Avantageusement, la mousse est une mousse de polyuréthane ayant une densité de 10 à 40 kg/m3. Advantageously, the foam is a polyurethane foam having a density of 10 to 40 kg / m3.
L'invention sera exposée plus en détail en s'aidant d'un exemple pratique, illustré par les figures 1 à 4 qui représentent les étapes successives de sa mise en oeuvre. The invention will be explained in more detail with the aid of a practical example, illustrated by FIGS. 1 to 4 which represent the successive stages of its implementation.
La figure 1 montre une cloison verticale 1 en pan
neaux de plâtre située au dessous d'un plafond 2 et séparée de celui-ci par un vide 3 qui est destiné à compenser un rapprochement relatif de la cloison et du plafond.Figure 1 shows a vertical bulkhead 1 in pan
plaster loops located below a ceiling 2 and separated from it by a void 3 which is intended to compensate for a relative approximation of the partition and the ceiling.
La première opération consiste à injecter, au moyen
d'une bouteille sous pression 4, munie d'un tuyau d'injection 5,un cordon 6 émousse de polyuréthane en début de gonflement. The first operation consists of injecting, using
a pressurized bottle 4, fitted with an injection pipe 5, a bead 6 blunts polyurethane at the start of swelling.
La figure 2 montre l'état de la jonction après que la mousse a terminé son expansion et s'est solidifiée, c'està-dire au bout de six à dix-huit heures environ. Une masse élastique 7 de mousse, d'une densité de 30 kg/m , s'est formée et déborde largement de chaque côté de la cloison 1. Cette mousse a une résistance à la rupture en traction comprise entre 0,5 et 1,lkg/cm2, et un module d'élasticité en traction compris entre 10 et 20kg/cm2. Figure 2 shows the state of the joint after the foam has finished expanding and solidified, that is to say after about six to eighteen hours. An elastic mass 7 of foam, with a density of 30 kg / m 3, has formed and largely extends beyond each side of the partition 1. This foam has a tensile strength of between 0.5 and 1, lkg / cm2, and a modulus of elasticity in tension between 10 and 20kg / cm2.
La figure 3 montre l'opération suivante, qui consiste enltenlevement de la partie de la masse 7 qui est en
excédent, et la figure 4 montre la dernière opération, qui
est la pose d'une couche 8 de revêtement souple selon l'in
vention à l'aide d'une spatule 9.FIG. 3 shows the following operation, which consists in removing the part of the mass 7 which is in
excess, and Figure 4 shows the last operation, which
is the laying of a layer 8 of flexible coating according to the in
vention using a spatula 9.
On donne ci-après la composition en poids du reve
tement utilisé
a) résine synthétique en émulsion : 18,5 %
b) épaississant : 0,1 %
c) agent pénétrant : 2,5 %
d) oxyde de titane : 6,5 %
e) carbonate de calcium : 38 %
f) talc 7,5 %
g) produits de conservation : 1 7o
h) eau : 27 %
Les différents composants ont les caractéristiques suivantes a) Résine synthétique Dispersion aqueuse et anionique renfermant des groupes carboxylés à particules très fines contenant environ 45 à 60 % de copolymère. Ce copolymère est à plastification interne et il est-ici vinyl-acrylique. Des copolymères acrylique , vinylversatique ou vinyl-maléate ont aussi été essayés avec suc cès. The composition by weight of the dream is given below
highly used
a) synthetic resin in emulsion: 18.5%
b) thickener: 0.1%
c) penetrating agent: 2.5%
d) titanium oxide: 6.5%
e) calcium carbonate: 38%
f) talc 7.5%
g) preservatives: 17%
h) water: 27%
The various components have the following characteristics: a) Synthetic resin An aqueous and anionic dispersion containing carboxyl groups with very fine particles containing approximately 45 to 60% of copolymer. This copolymer is internally plasticized and is here vinyl-acrylic. Acrylic, vinylversatic or vinyl maleate copolymers have also been successfully tested.
b) Epaississant :
Dérivé d'épaississants cellulosiques, il peut être aussi acrylique ou dérivé de caséine, gélatine ou amidon.b) Thickener:
Derived from cellulosic thickeners, it can also be acrylic or derived from casein, gelatin or starch.
c) Agent pénétrant
Résine alkyde non jaunissante; on a aussi utilisé divers types de résine ou huile augmentant la pénétration dans le support.c) Penetrating agent
Non-yellowing alkyd resin; various types of resin or oil have also been used which increase penetration into the support.
d) Oxyde de titane : classique e) Carbonate de calcium blanc
En fines particules de 2,i jusqu'à l20,i. Ces particules caractérisent les enduits du point de vue remplissage, étalement, et garnissage.d) Titanium oxide: classic e) White calcium carbonate
In fine particles from 2, i to l20, i. These particles characterize the plasters from the filling, spreading and filling point of view.
f) Talc
En particules de 5 Jusqu'a' 100F. f) Talc
In particles of 5 up to 100F.
g) Produit de conservation
Mélange synergique de composés organiques de zinc et d'étain. g) Preservative
Synergistic mixture of organic zinc and tin compounds.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8122600A FR2517344A1 (en) | 1981-12-02 | 1981-12-02 | Bonding wall having plaster surface to adjacent structure - by filling space with flexible foam, pref. polyurethane |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8122600A FR2517344A1 (en) | 1981-12-02 | 1981-12-02 | Bonding wall having plaster surface to adjacent structure - by filling space with flexible foam, pref. polyurethane |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2517344A1 true FR2517344A1 (en) | 1983-06-03 |
| FR2517344B1 FR2517344B1 (en) | 1984-12-14 |
Family
ID=9264603
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8122600A Granted FR2517344A1 (en) | 1981-12-02 | 1981-12-02 | Bonding wall having plaster surface to adjacent structure - by filling space with flexible foam, pref. polyurethane |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2517344A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0134308A1 (en) * | 1983-08-17 | 1985-03-20 | Correcta GmbH | Bath side-panel |
| EP0186470A2 (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-07-02 | D. Lynn Stevens | Sealant compositions and methods for use in detecting equipment tampering |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3542375A (en) * | 1966-08-10 | 1970-11-24 | Dow Corning | Joint sealing composite with heat activating component |
| US3754363A (en) * | 1971-08-06 | 1973-08-28 | Nat Gypsum Co | Elastomeric monolithic drywall corner |
| JPS49120984A (en) * | 1973-03-26 | 1974-11-19 | ||
| US4288173A (en) * | 1979-12-19 | 1981-09-08 | Nick Albert T | Expansion and contraction joint assembly |
-
1981
- 1981-12-02 FR FR8122600A patent/FR2517344A1/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3542375A (en) * | 1966-08-10 | 1970-11-24 | Dow Corning | Joint sealing composite with heat activating component |
| US3754363A (en) * | 1971-08-06 | 1973-08-28 | Nat Gypsum Co | Elastomeric monolithic drywall corner |
| JPS49120984A (en) * | 1973-03-26 | 1974-11-19 | ||
| US4288173A (en) * | 1979-12-19 | 1981-09-08 | Nick Albert T | Expansion and contraction joint assembly |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| CA1975 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0134308A1 (en) * | 1983-08-17 | 1985-03-20 | Correcta GmbH | Bath side-panel |
| EP0186470A2 (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-07-02 | D. Lynn Stevens | Sealant compositions and methods for use in detecting equipment tampering |
| EP0186470A3 (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1987-11-25 | D. Lynn Stevens | Sealant compositions and methods for use in detecting equipment tampering |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2517344B1 (en) | 1984-12-14 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ST | Notification of lapse |