FR2516412A1 - METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING REINFORCED CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT AND INSTALLATION FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

The method consists in arranging a plurality of frames (37) parallel to one another in a vertical position. To achieve this, the frames are inserted between the teeth of horizontal racks (31). All the iron rods required to produce the reinforcing body are then inserted horizontally between the frames and firmly connected to the frames by welding or by suitable fastening means. Finally, the racks (31) are removed from the finished reinforcing body. The method is suitable for the production of all reinforcing bodies for steel-reinforced concrete or for any other material of this kind, such as expanded clay concrete, plastic concrete.

Description

 The present invention relates to the manufacture of composite reinforcement elements, entering into reinforced concrete or any other agglomerate such as expanded clay concrete or plastic concrete.

 It relates more particularly to a method of manufacturing a frame and an installation allowing the implementation of this method.

 In the field of building and public works, it is now conventional to have recourse to metal reinforcements which are placed vertically, horizontally, or in any suitable direction between formwork, and around which concrete is poured to that this results in reinforced concrete.

 Depending on their layout and function for the building, and also on their dimensions and shape, these frames can take various names such as beams, posts, lintels.

 All these reinforcements are said to be composed, that is to say that they are formed of several parallel shooting bars, which extend over the entire height of the reinforcement and constitute its core, said bars being connected together by frames or stirrups which , by welding or fastening such as wire or the like, are fixed substantially orthogonally to the shooting bars.

 Currently, these reinforcing elements composed of "strings + frames (or stirrups)" are constructed, that is to say assembled, on the site, using makeshift trestles, more or less stable, which must be handled moreover times during the construction operation at each frame pass in view of his ace will be fixed to the shooting bars.

 It is also necessary to provide for the addition of mounting bars which are linked to the trestles and to the shooting bars in order to stabilize the reinforcement during construction.

 Under these conditions, the reinforcing element is not really frozen at any time during construction, and the torsional and oscillating movements which thereby occur alter the rigidity of the reinforcing element and give it some linear deformation.

 On the other hand, the spacing between the frames and / or the stirrups along the shooting bars is particularly difficult to respect, given that the position of these frames and / or these stirrups is simply marked with chalk on one of the shooting bars.

 In addition, and by the very fact of this practice, the frames and / or stirrups are not always perpendicular to the shooting bars, which then makes the reinforcements non-compliant with the rules of reinforced concrete.

 The present invention aims to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks.

 First of all, thanks to its original concept of manufacturing armatures on a perfectly stable installation, it avoids repeated handling of the trestles and the addition of mounting bars.

 Secondly, it ensures perfect orthogonality of the frames and stirrups relative to the shooting bars as well as a regularity of spacing of the frames or stirrups between them, along the shooting bars, in accordance with the spacing desired by construction.

 Thirdly, it should be added that the implementation of the method according to the invention represents a definite saving of time and a lesser manufacturing cost, relative to the artisanal manufacturing on site carried out using simple trestles, and that all handling operations are eliminated precisely thanks to the implementation of the invention, which allows workers to perform their work by producing almost zero physical effort.

 To this end, the present invention has for its first object a method of manufacturing a reinforcement for reinforced concrete or for any other agglomerate, said reinforcement being composed of several shooting bars, parallel, which extend over the entire height of the armature and constitute the core thereof and which are connected to one another by frames (or stirrups) fixed substantially orthogonally to the shooting bars, characterized in that the frames are arranged parallel to each other in a vertical position, with a predetermined precise spacing, corresponding to their actual position on the armature to be produced, by placing them between the teeth of horizontal combs which extend outside and along said caares, over the entire height of the armature to be produced, then in that the combs are brought together to immobilize the frames perfectly, then in that one places between the frames, in one or more operations, all the shooting bars necessary for the production of the frame, by introduction into an end frame and their horizontal displacement to the other end frame, then in that we make the shooting bars integral with the frames, by welds or fasteners, and finally in that the the combs are moved aside to release the completed armature.

 In a preferred form of implementation, the shooting bars are introduced one by one, or two by two, between the frames, the two or more bars are then fixed to the frames, by welds or fasteners, then the combs are pivoted around. a horizontal axis substantially coincident with the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the frame, and finally repeating said operations of introduction of the bar or bars, of attachment to the frames, and possibly of rotation of the combs, until completion complete of the frame, that is to say all of the shooting bars required for the construction of this frame on all the frames immobilized between the combs.

 The present invention also relates to an installation for the implementation of the method rendering the above characteristics, said installation itself being characterized in that it comprises combs which extend horizontally over the entire height at least of the reinforcement to be produced, said combs being fixed on two vertical end plates provided with means for bringing the combs closer and further apart, and in this, respectively, for immobilizing the frames between the teeth of the combs during the phases of introduction of the shooting bars and securing said bars to the frames, and to release the arm, finished ature.

 The combs are advantageously three in number; taking into account this triangulation, all the frames and / or stirrups of the reinforcement during manufacture are at all times frozen in their final position, whatever their geatric form is in addition.

 In addition, by the use of combs having a characteristic of toothing suitable for the reinforcement to be produced, in particular as regards the pitch of the teeth and their thickness relative to this pitch, the frames and / or the stirrups are found. arranged along these combs in a position corresponding exactly to that which they will have to occupy on the armature produced, that is to say that they are parallel to each other, rigorously orthogonal to the shooting bars and spaced from one another by the 'desired spacing, previously determined by calculation based on the strength characteristics that the reinforced concrete beam must have.

 Because of a location facilitated by the teeth, over the entire length of the combs, there is no longer any tracing operation, but simply an operation of placing the frames or stirrups in the desired location and previously identified on at least one comb.

 According to a particularly advantageous construction, the means provided on the -two vertical plates placed at the ends of the installation for bringing the combs apart and apart act on them individually.

 In another particularly advantageous construction variant, the end plates are movable in rotation about a horizontal axis which is substantially coincident with the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the armature to be produced. The frames or stirrups are then somehow taken in a cage formed by the combs and rotating around a horizontal axis, arrangement which has the advantage of guaranteeing the preservation of the verticality of the frames or stirrups during and for all the operations. to be carried out on the installation, whatever the position occupied by the combs.

 According to other particularly interesting constructions, at least one of the combs is magnetized, so as to retain any metal frame constructed, after separation of the combs, and thus avoid its sudden fall.

 At least one of the combs can be retractable with its support, to facilitate the approach of the welding tongs in the event that the reinforcement to be produced is of very small section.

 According to another even more advantageous construction, the two end plates are each supported by a frame, at least one of these batiks being movable in longitudinal horizontal movement so as to allow the introduction between the two length comb plates adapted to the reinforcement to be produced. In this case, each comb is designed in the form of a main element on which can be adapted extensions of the same toothing as the main element.

To better understand the object of the present invention, there will be described below, by way of purely illustrative and non-limiting example, an embodiment as well as an embodiment of the installation with reference to the attached drawings on which
FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c represent the stationary fixed support of the installation, respectively in profile view, in top view and in rear view,
- Figures 2a, 2b and 2c show the movable bdti-support of the installation, respectively in side view, in top view and in rear view.

- Figure 3 is a detailed view of the combs and comb supports placed on the installation, between the fixed and mobile frames
FIGS. 4a and 4b show a detail of the central part of the installation and of the lifting table for receiving the reinforcements produced, respectively in profile view and in top view,
- Figure 5 is an axial sectional view along the line
VV of the comb engaged in and protected by its comb support,
- Figure 6 is an axial sectional view along the line
VI-VI of the comb and of the comb support of FIG. 5,
- Figures 7a to 72 illustrate the different phases of the construction of a composite reinforcement manufactured according to the method of the invention.

 Referring to the drawings, and more particularly to FIGS. 1, it can be seen that a fixed frame has been designated by 1 as a whole which rests on a base 2 in the form of a sole for its anchoring to the ground by threaded studs 7.

 The b ti 1 is preferably molded, or as a variant it is made of sheets assembled by mechanical welding.

 The fixed ba * ti 1 supports an end plate composed of a mandrel 3 equipped with three jaws 4 individually capable of double radial displacement, in the direction of the horizontal axis 3a around which the mandrel rotates, or on the contrary in direction opposite to this axis 3a.

 As an option, the fixed frame 1 is also equipped with an electrically controlled geared motor 5, the cradle 6 of this geared motor in this case being incorporated into the frame 1 to form a monobloc assembly.

 With reference to FIGS. 2, it can be seen that a mobile support frame produced by molding or by mechanical welding, like the fixed frame 1, has been designated by 8 as a whole.

 The movable base 8 also supports a vertical end plate, which is formed by a mandrel 9 equipped with three jaws 4 capable individually, like each jaw of the mandrel 3, of a radial displacement in the direction of the horizontal axis 3a of rotation of the mandrel 9 or in the direction opposite to this axis.

 The frame 8 is movable in longitudinal horizontal displacement, in the direction of the fixed frame 1, towards and opposite this fixed frame, as shown by the arrows 47.

 To this end, the b ti 8 rests on a base 10 equipped with casters 12, fixed or retractable, which roll on two guide rails 11. A locking system which acts on the rollers 12 makes it possible to immobilize the b ti 8 in anywhere along the rails 11, in a position which allows the user to have a useful distance between the cores 3 and 9 which can vary between one meter and twelve meters, lengths which, moreover, are by no means limiting.

 Each mandrel 3 and 9 is produced in the form of a steel plate 13, pierced in its center with a circular hole 48 to the right of which is welded a hollow shaft 14 whose internal diameter is substantially equal to the diameter of the orifice 48. The shaft 14 is mounted on a bearing and / or on a bearing.

 A ring gear 15 welded to the outer wall of the shaft 14 or, alternatively, fixed by screws or studs on the plate 13, ensures the rotation of said plate around the axis 3a by means of the gear motor 5 which drives a drive gear 49.

 This control device is only valid for the mandrel 3 associated with the fixed frame 1, the mandrel 9 being driven freely in rotation about its axis 3a by means of the three comb supports integrated between the two end plates.

 The two mandrels 3 and 9 are however associated with a respective surleurb ti peripheral guide. guide which is produced using four rotating rollers 21 arranged. and fixed every 900 on the inner face of the plate 13, that is to say facing the hollow shaft 14.

 The four rollers 21 are mounted to rotate on a circular guide rail 22 incorporated in the upper part of the frame, on its face opposite the mandrel, so as to border the opening giving onto the upper cavity 50.

 In addition to the fact that they allow the rotation of the mandrels and center this rotation in the axis of symmetry of the circular rails 22, which allows a perfect definition of the axis 3a around which rotate the end plates, the rollers 21 also have the role of absorbing the horizontal and vertical forces of the mandrels, forces which are deflected on the one hand to the own weight of the comb supports and, on the other hand, to the weight of the frame during the construction phase of that -this.

 In the construction variant according to which the toothed crown 15 can be fixed directly to the plate 13, it is quite clear that the four fastening devices for the rollers 21 are also all four used for fixing said toothed crown, as well as that 'it is shown schematically in Figure la.

 On the two mandrels 3 and 9, the three clamping jaws 4 are arranged 90 apart from one another on the external face of the plate 13, as can be seen in FIGS. 1c and 2c.

 Each jaw 4 is controlled by an endless screw, itself controlled either manually, using a small flywheel, or by an electric or pneumatic or hydraulic motor, synchronized or not.

 Each jaw is also equipped with a blocking system 20 which operates in any position and ensures complete safety in the event of accidental loosening.

 Each jaw 4 is also equipped with a yoke 16 or its technological reverse, namely a tenon 17, depending on the form of attachment -tenon or yoke- of the end of the comb supports 18 that the jaw will have to retain .

 The tenon of the jaw 4 and the yoke of the support 18, or their inverses, will be assembled by a pin 19 mounted with play and locked by safety pins on either side of the wings of the yoke.

 It should be noted that the design of the frames 1 and 8 at any time authorizes the replacement of a certain type of mandrel, respectively 3 and 9, by other types of mandrel, without changing the training thereof.

 It should also be noted that, at their upper part, the rear faces of the frames 1 and 8 are open to the right of the orifice 48 and of the hollow shaft 14, so as to constitute a passage 51 for the subsequent introduction of the shooting bars between the frames or stirrups. It is clear that the two frames 1 and 8 equipped with such a passage for the shooting bars allow great flexibility in installing the machine in a workshop, in a factory or on a site. The mobile of the bti 8 over a length of eleven meters (movement from 1 to 12 meters) only increases this flexibility of installation.

The comb supports 18 are executed in one piece over a length of 3.50m or 7m (reinforcement heights of 3m and 6m are in fact the most commonly used), in the form of a beam in the shape of a knife blade which receives and protects the comb while allowing a slight clearance so as, by this play, to make up for possible irregularities in section of some of the frames or stirrups;
Each comb support beam 18 is therefore produced in the form of two sheets 29 ′ and 29 ″ faired by a folding of the order of 30, said sheets being at their folded and converging ends provided with coplanar returns 52 and turned l 'towards each other and leaving between them only an interval slightly greater than the thickness of the comb 31, said sheets being moreover, at their bases, fixed by mechanical welding on a core 28 than a rib 30 stiffens in order to limit the deflection effect (tolerance 1/500).

 The fairing given to the sheets 29 'and 29 "has a double protective role, first with respect to the combs 1 and the comb attachments inside the beam 18, then for the hand of man, both during the handling of the beams 18 than during the placement of the combs 31 in the said beams.

 Each comb attachment 32 is a V-shaped part, machined in the form of a yoke, that is to say cut in its central part to allow the passage of the combs 31, and also pierced orthogonally to this passage with a hole 53 which opens into the two seats of the yoke to be crossed by a pin 33 lockable by hand.

 The combs 31 are produced in the form of flat steel irons 4 cm in height, 2 cm in thickness and above all in lm length.

 The aforementioned values are of course in no way limiting and in particular the length of the combs may be increased to a value greater than one meter, for example to a value of 3 meters under multiple of the standard heights of reinforcement, in particular in the case of special works. .

 However, for the sake of simplification of the description which follows, the length which will be given as a preferred example for all the combs will be that of one meter, each comb section of this length of lm taking 1 denomination of "template" .

Several precise machining operations will be carried out on each template 31
- At each longitudinal end, production of an articulation device on the neighboring jigs in the form of a ball joint 42 at one end of each jig and a housing 41 complementary to said ball joint at the other end of each jig .

 - slightly set back from each of the two ends of the templates, with a projection 54 of approximately 4 cm in height, crossed substantially in its center by an oblong lumen 40 which extends in the direction of the projection, say perpendicular to the body of the template; the width of the light 40 is slightly greater than the diameter of the pin 33.

- On its lower edge are cut in the mass a succession of teeth 43 of a constant pitch (or center distance), of regular width and height so that the toothing of each template is perfectly defined; the irons forming the stirrups and / or the frames 37 to be assembled are most often rcnds with a diameter of 5 to 10 mm, the teeth will be cut so that their width and their depth are equal to 12mm and their center distance is equal to 50mm; such teeth will in practice allow the manufacture of all standard frames, with arrangements of frames and / or stirrups along the multiple strands of Scm; however, in the case of realizations of reinforcements with stirrups to be arranged with precise intervals which are not multiples of 5cm and / or with stirrup irons having a diameter greater than as templates specially adapted to each of said realizations can be produced and manufactured on request, preferably in lengths identical to the previous ones;
each tooth is chamfered on its angles in order to facilitate the introduction of the frames and / or stirrups 37.

 For standard works, all the templates are interchangeable. Furthermore, in the event of breakage, each template can be easily released from the comb support to be replaced by a new template with the same toothing.

 To this end, all the ball joints 42 and all the complementary hollow housings 4l are advantageously made with rounded machining to facilitate the release of the templates to be replaced, but also to allow better articulation of the entire line of templates in the same support. comb, the rounded machining visible in FIG. 5 supplemented by the damping box 34 detailed in FIGS. 5 and 6 leading to the formation of a semi-articulated line of templates in the same beam 18 and by l & mdme allowing ab- remove any irregularities in the shape of the stirrups and / or frames 37.

 The slight clearance that each template 31 must be able to take inside the beam 18, between the seats of the yoke 32, is obtained using shock absorber shells 34 arranged in pairs for each template, in line with the projections 54, therefore in the vicinity of the joints of the templates on one another.

 Each shock absorbing housing 34 is formed by a steel cylinder whose outside diameter is equal to the width of the yoke 32 and whose base forms a crown which projects on either side of the wall of the cylinder to form a surface d maximum support on the foundations of the yoke 32.

 The part of this ring projecting from the outside is welded to the inside of the sheets 29 ′ and 29 ", so as to fix the assembly 34-32 inside the beam 18.

 The damper housing 34 is completed with a calibrated coil spring 35, housed inside the cylinder, and with a taring catch 45.

 The coil spring 35 is retained in its housing by a movable stop 36 which at the same time ensures the centering of the spring by sliding with a slight clearance in the circular orifice which leaves the crown part projecting inward towards the inside of the cylinder 34.

 The base of the movable stop 36 receives the contact of the upper edge of the projection 54 after the latter has been engaged between the seatings of the clevis-shaped fastener 32 and locked in this fastener by the pin 33, taking care that that the locked template is at the same time articulated on the template closest to the locking point.

 It is therefore understood how the shock absorbers 34 can absorb any irregularities in the shape of some of the few stirrups and / or frames that each template will receive and immobilize; by eliminating the risk of crushing the stirrups and frames when they are tightened between the three comb supports 18, it also avoids increasing these possible irregularities which are obviously visible to the mechanical characteristics of the armature to be produced.

 The spindle 33, cooperating with the oblong opening 40, provides the desired clearance.

 In fact, in its lower locked position shown in FIG. 6, the template 31 undergoes all the pressure of the spring 35 by means of the stop 36, the axis of the spindle 33 being in this case just below the edge upper light 40, ie occupying the position shown in dotted lines in FIG. 5.

 On the other hand, in its high locked position according to which it must catch up with a certain play inherent in the irregularities of the frames, the template is more embedded inside the beam 18 by pressing with at least one of its projections 54 the stop 36, said projection being for this purpose guided by the pin 33 which slides along its lumen 40 until it occupies the position shown in solid lines in FIG. 5.

 After manufacture of the frame in question, and opening of the comb supports to release said frame, all the jigs 31 will automatically resume their low locked position shown in FIG. 6, under the simple effect of the elastic return of the springs 35.

 To change a damaged template, it will suffice to unlock its two pins 33 as well as the immediately adjacent pin of one of the two neighboring templates.

 Then, using a new template, we will reform the articulated line of templates by cooperation of the ball joints 42 and their AC lologations, elementary 41, then we will bring the combs in the high position by pressing lightly on their teeth, towards comb supports, until the pressure exerted by the springs 35 exceeds, and finally the line of templates will be relocked by replacing the three pins 33 in their respective slots 40 and the pressure exerted on the teeth of the templates will be gently released.

 It will be recalled that the combs, each comb being understood here by the term "line of templates", as well as the beams 18 for the protection and the support of these combs are in the number of three, as is visible in particular in the figures lc, 2c and 7a to 7q.

 Due to their arrangement at 90 from each other, the combs and their supports form the three sides of a T. The central bar 104 of this T is then advantageously magnetized, that is to say that all the templates of the comb 131 are magnetic, while the wings 204 and 304 of the T are not magnetized, their combs 231 and 331 being in this respect formed of templates of the same toothing as those of the comb 131 but having no power of attraction on ferrous materials.

 Taking into account the total identity of the teeth of the templates of the combs, whether or not they are magnetized, care will therefore be taken to differentiate by non-magnetized combs from the magnetized combs by simple marks, for example by colors.

 For example, the beams 204 and 304 receive non-magnetized jigs in red color and the central support 104 receives magnetized jigs in blue color.

 In addition, the supports 204 and 304 are graduated over their entire length, initially on the fixed frame side 1, the graduations being marks arranged for example every 10 cm.

 The purpose of these graduations is to constitute easy reference points for the operator, in particular at the time of the installation of the stirrups or of the frames, so as to simultaneously maintain a constancy in the spacing between frames and a verticality of the immobilized frames. between the templates.

 By the horizontality given by construction to the axis of rotation 3a of the mandrels 3 and 9, also by the horizontality that can be given to the beams 18, therefore to the combs 31 by the operation of the six jaws 4 for a immobilization of all the frames 37 in an absolute verticality for each of them, it is clear that the rotation of a mandrel, whether manual or controlled by a motor, causes the three beams and their combs as well as the other mandrel, the three combs in their rotation generating a cage rotating around a horizontal axis inside which the frames or stirrups 37 held captive between the teeth of the templates retain their absolute verticality.

 Starting from the closure of the jaws 4 on their mandrins 3 and.

9 according to their movements controlled for each of them by an endless screw, it is easy to obtain between jaws a clearance of 100 to 500 mm for forms of frames or stirrups to be immobilized the section of which is indifferent - round, rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal or more commonly square as shown in Figure 7- as long as they fall into a section of 500 x 500 mm.

 The triangular arrangement of the combs, and consequently the tightening of the frames and stirrups by three points, allows the use of all known geometric shapes of frames and stirrups for the manufacture of frames on the installation which has just been described.

 For sections of frames and stirrups which could not be inscribed in a 500 x 500 square, it will suffice to replace the two standart chucks 3 and 9 with more powerful chucks, by a simple disassembly and reassembly operation.

 For a manufacturing as simplified as possible of armature using the installation described above, it is interesting to give the two mandrels 3 and 9 various positions depending on the geometry of the armature to be produced and function of the number of strings to be fixed on the frames or stirrups.

 Under these conditions, a graduation is advantageously printed on the periphery of each mandrel and an index fixed on each frame 1 and 8 ensures the reading and the control of the number of degrees which it is desired to give to the displacement of each mandrel. Optionally, the position of the mandrels and / or the angular position of the combs can be viewed by digital display on the console.

 The position of the mandrels having been identified, it is also essential to maintain them throughout the intended operation.

 To this end, the security of the mandrels 3 and 9 after their positioning is ensured by a mechanical locking, obtained for example by the cooperation of a steel pin 25 which automatically engages in slots 26 provided in the plate 13 of each mandrel, either continuously over 360, or discontinuously, for example every 5.

 In any event, the spacing between the locking openings 26 corresponds to the successive positions that the combs must occupy during the various phases of the operation of fabricating the armature.

 In the case of a drive command for the mandrel 3 by a geared motor 5, the electrical safety of this geared motor is linked to the locking pin 25. When the spindle is engaged, an electrical contactor 27 cuts feeding the gear motor; conversely, after manual unlocking of the spindle 25, and only after this unlocking, the electrical circuit of the gear motor is restored.

 Naturally, other drive variants of the mandrel 3 are conceivable, for example hydraulic, pneumatic, stepping motor, or manual using a flywheel.

 The security of the positioning of the mandrels will then of course be specific to the drive variants mentioned above.

 In the case where a manual control would replace the gearmotor, the two mandrels 3 and 9 will then advantageously be used indifferently, one or the other for the drive, and they will each comprise a gear wheel associated, for its safety, with a counterweight whose role will be to act as the motor brake of motorized drives.

 From the installation described above, the method of manufacturing an armature is implemented as follows, illustrated in FIGS. 7a to 7p.

 After defining the shape of the "composite reinforcement" or "lattice reinforcement" to be manufactured, it is checked that the templates of the combs have the desired toothing or else the standard templates are replaced by the special templates adapted to the diameter of the rounds of the frames and stirrups and / or the spacing which must exist between them.

 Then, using the worm control device, the spacing between the jaws is adjusted so that the jigs of the combs are separated from the desired spacing increased by about lcm.

 The comb support beams being originally in: the position shown in FIG. 7a, namely the wings 204 and 304 of the T arranged in the vertical plane, the mandrels are made to rotate in the retrograde direction 55 in order to bring the combs 131, 231 and 331 to form an inclined cage of 15C around its axis of rotation 3a, relative to its original position (Figure 7b).

 All the stirrups or frames necessary for the manufacture of the frame are then placed manually, by arranging them vertically, while respecting a precise predetermined spacing, and by using for this purpose the marks provided for example on the supports of the combs 231 and 331.

 After the establishment of these frames or stirrups over the entire desired length, the jaws are tightened to bring the comb supports closer and permanently immobilize the frames 37 between the teeth of the combs (FIG. 7b).

 After perfect immobilization of the frames, the assembly of 15 is pivoted, in the direct direction 56, so as to return to the original position and, in the particular case where the frames have at least one rectilinear side, to place the 'one of these sides horizontal to the ground (Figure 7c).

 By the hollow shaft of one of the mandrels 3 or 9, as indicated by the arrow 51, two shooting bars 57 and 58 are then introduced which are engaged in the first end frame and which are moves horizontally to the other end frame so that they extend over the entire height of the frame, for the desired embodiment.

 By various welds or attachments, the two struts 57 and 58 are immobilized on all the trapped frames 37. The small size of the combs 31 on the frames allows a welder on each side of the frame (Figure 7c).

 After welding the first two strands, the assembly is rotated, by 1800 for example as shown by the arrow 59 in FIG. 7d, two other strands 60 and 61 are introduced which are secured according to the same principle to all the frames 37 of the installation so that, if it is a square reinforcement, it is entirely made.

 If by hypothesis the Reinforcement to be built does not have any straight part, the shooting bars will be introduced one by one and fixed one by one a'xcadroe, the operations of introduction, securing and rotation of the combs being repeated as many times as 'there are threads, so until complete completion of the frame.

 By a reverse rotation of 900, shown diagrammatically by the arrow 62 in FIG. 7e, we return to the position for evacuating the armature, a position which is orthogonal to that of the original position.

 Using an elevator 63, a central table 64 is previously placed under the combs, as shown by the arrow 65, until the rollers 66 of this table come into contact with the lower horizontal side of reinforcement completed 23.

By maneuvering the jaws associated with the horizontal beams 204 and 304, the combs 231 and 331 are moved aside, as shown by the arrows 67, thus releasing the completed armature 23 which is no longer retained except by the magnetic combs 131 which fulfill an additional safety role in the event that the armature is not placed perfectly on the rollers 66 of the table 64. (FIG. 7 f).

 Once the frame is well stabilized on the table 64, it is lowered as shown by the arrow 68, then the table 64 is moved laterally, as shown by the arrow 69, making it roll on two transverse rails 70, and finally by conveyor belts or other roller tables arranged downstream of the movable table 64, the finished armature 23 is discharged towards the storage area as shown by the arrow 71. (Figure 4 b).

 From the above description, it appears that the spacing which has been defined between the frames or stirrups at the instant of their immobilization between the teeth of the combs 31 can no longer vary during the manufacture of the frame and in particular not during the welding operation of the shooting bars on the frames or stirrups.

 Consequently, by the simple observation of the good verticality of the frames before the first maneuvers of driving the mandrels 3 and 9, any possibility of error in the positioning of the frames and / or stirrups along the completed frame 27 is avoided. .

 The invention described above is suitable in the first place for the production of reinforcements of standard height 3 meters or 6 meters, using beams 18, respectively 3.50 meters or 7 meters in which are respectively integrated three or six jigs 31. However, for simplification of storage and lifting, it may be advantageous to replace a single 7-meter beam with two juxtaposed sections of 3.50 meters.

 Up to heights of reinforcement to be manufactured of 6 meters, the deflection of the beams 18 is taken up by one or two cradles 24, adjustable in height and in diameter, and arranged between the fixed frame 1 and the movable frame 8, and across table 64.

 For a non-standard reinforcement height, therefore greater than 6 meters and up to 11 meters, therefore for a beam length greater than 7 meters and up to 12 meters, the deflection will be greater and the number of cradles 24 will be multiplied by 2 or even by 3. Each beam can be made in several sections of 1 meter for the length between 7 and 12 meters, as it is referenced at 39 in Figure 4a, and in this case each extension 39 of beam will be associated in advance with its template 31.

 However, for these split beams, it is possible to substitute one-piece beams, on which, due to their greater weight, shackles or rings 72 will be provided for their handling using lifting means shown schematically by the arrow73.

 In this hypothesis of particularly high reinforcement manufacturing, the control of one of the two end plates will be ensured by a flying pedal 46 wired and protected, so as to avoid welder workers from repeated movements at the moment when they have to give a new inclination to the reinforcement during manufacture.

Claims (9)

 10) Method for manufacturing a reinforcement, in particular a metal beam, for reinforced concrete or for any other agglomerate such as expanded clay concrete, plastic concrete, said reinforcement being composed of several parallel, shooting bars which extend over the entire height of the frame and constitute the core thereof and which are connected to one another by bare stirrup frames) fixed substantially orthogonally to the shooting bars, characterized in that the frames are arranged parallel to each other , in a vertical position, with a precise predetermined spacing, corresponding to their real position on the reinforcement to be produced, by placing them between the teeth of horizontal combs which extend outside and along said frames, over the entire height of the armature to be produced, in that the combs are brought together to immobilize the frames perfectly, in that one places between the frames, in one or more operations, all the shooting bars necessary for realizing isation of the frame, by introduction into a skeleton frame and their horizontal movement to the other end frame, in that the shooting bars are made integral with the frames, by welds or fasteners, and finally in that one inserts the combs to release the completed armature.  20) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that one introduces the shooting bars one by one, or two by two, between the frames, in that one or said two bars are fixed to the frames, by welding or fasteners, then rotate the combs around a horizontal axis substantially coincident with the longidutinal axis of symmetry of the frame, and in that lion repeats the said operations of introduction of the bar (s), of joining the frames, and possibly of rotation of the combs, until complete completion of the frame.  30) Installation for the manufacture of a reinforcement, in particular a metal beam for reinforced concrete or any other agglomerate such as expanded clay concrete, plastic concrete, said reinforcement being composed of several parallel, extending bars over the entire height of the frame and constitute the core thereof and which are connected together by frames (or stirrups) fixed substantially orthogonally to the shooting bars, characterized in that it comprises combs which extend horizontally over the whole at least the height of the armature to be produced, said combs being fixed on two vertical end plates provided with means for bringing the combs closer and further apart.  40) Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that the means for bringing the combs apart and apart act on them individually.  5) Installation according to any one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the end plates are movable in rotation about a horizontal axis which is substantially coincident with the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the armature to be produced .  60) Installation according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the combs is magnetized.  70) Installation according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that at least one of the combs is retractable, at the same time as its support.  80) Installation according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the two end plates are each supported by a frame, and in that at least one of these frames is movable in longitudinal horizontal displacement, so as to allow the introduction between the two plates of combs of length adapted to the frame to be produced.  90) Installation according to claim 8, characterized in that each comb is designed in the form of a main element on which can be adapted extensions of the same toothing as the main element.  100) Installation according to any one of claims 3 to 9 characterized in that each comb is mounted in its support under two shock absorbing boxes which ensure a take-up of play as a function of the mounting position that said comb takes inside of its support