FR2507713A1 - Preloaded cantilevered rotor bearings - for rotating knife machines enables closer tolerances to be employed - Google Patents

Preloaded cantilevered rotor bearings - for rotating knife machines enables closer tolerances to be employed Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2507713A1
FR2507713A1 FR8111883A FR8111883A FR2507713A1 FR 2507713 A1 FR2507713 A1 FR 2507713A1 FR 8111883 A FR8111883 A FR 8111883A FR 8111883 A FR8111883 A FR 8111883A FR 2507713 A1 FR2507713 A1 FR 2507713A1
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Prior art keywords
bearings
fixed
blades
preloaded
bearing
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Granted
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FR8111883A
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French (fr)
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FR2507713B3 (en
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Publication of FR2507713B3 publication Critical patent/FR2507713B3/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C25/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
    • F16C25/06—Ball or roller bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/148—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers specially adapted for disintegrating plastics, e.g. cinematographic films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C39/00—Relieving load on bearings
    • F16C39/02—Relieving load on bearings using mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

A method of supporting the rotor of a rotating knife granulating machine incorporates a conventional inboard barrel roller bearing with a preloaded outboard bearing acting as a cantilever to compensate for loads arising during cutting. Previously the knives of rotary knife machines had to be set up with sufficient clearance that the rotating and fixed knives should not touch each other during operation under working load. By preloading the rotor by an amount greater than the loads to be encountered in operation, it is possible to set the knives up to operate closer together. Used for granulation and cutting machines, the smaller clearances enable finer granulation to be obtained.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte d'une manière générale à des perfectionnements concernant de grosses machines et en particulier des granulateurs à lames tournantes de dimensions importantes capables d'un grand débit de matériaux granulès réduits à un calibre extrêmement petit
Plus particulièrement, elle concerne des perfectionnements à des machines dans lesquelles une réauction des dimensions des particules de matière s'effectue à l'aide de lames ou couteaux tournants agissant sur la matière avec combinaison de chocs et d'effets de découpe contre des lames fixes et dans lesquels une toile métallique courbe est montée suivant une position générale concentrique par rapport au trajet parcouru par les lames rotatives pour permettre aux particules de matière qui ont été déjà suffisamment réduite de passer sous l'action ae la pesanteur et au déplacement d'air produit par la rotation rapiae des lames tournantes
Dans un granulateur, à cause du jeu J indispensable au fonctionnement durable des roulements des paliers , la partie tournante qui porte les lames rotatives est sujette , sous l'effet des efforts de coupe , dans toutes les directions radiales , à des débattements d'une amplitude inférieure ou égale à ce jeu J ; par suite à chaque passage d'une lame tournante devant une lame fixe , l'écartement ae ces dernières est diffèrent , il varie continuellement d'une façon aléatoire pour prendre toutes les valeurs instantanées des ébattements d'amplitude J .I1 y a lieu d'envisager deux modes de fonctionnement pour un granulateur
I/ Le calibre de granulation à obtenir est supérieur à J ; A chaque passage d'une lame rotative devant une lame fixe la matière est divisèe , le débit du granulateur est à son maximum,
2/ Le calibre de granulation à obtenir est inférieur à J ;Rarement de temps en temps , lors du passage d'une lame rotative devant une lame fixe, leur distance est assez réduite pour que la matière soit divisèe , le débit du granulateur devient de plus en plus faible , d'autant plus faible que le calibre ae granulation à obtenir est plus faible que la valeur de J
Dans un granulateur à lames rotatives de dimensions réduites , tout est réduit , le jeu J et par suite le calibre minimum économique de granulation est égal ou supérieur au calibre exigé dans la plupart des cas dans l'industrie la machine et parfaitement adapte Si ce n'est son débit , il est forcément réduit lui aussi .L'industrie demande des débits très importants de matière granulés à des calibres trés réauits par des granulateurs à lames rotatives ; par exemple non limitatif , la récupèration du métal contenu dans des fils et câbles électriques extra souples .On est amené à envisager la construction de machines importantes , on est trés vite limité , en effet , dans un granulateur de grande dimension , tout prend une dimension importante , notamment le jeu J , par quite le calibre minimum économique de granulation devient très supérieur au calibre demandé, le débit du granulateur devient de plus en plus faible, d'autant plus faible que le calibre de granulation demandé est plus petit que la valeur du jeu
J; pratiquement,un.granulateur de gande dimension a relativement, un débit trés faible de matière granulée à un calibre trés réduit.The present invention relates generally to improvements relating to large machines and in particular granulators with rotating blades of large dimensions capable of a large throughput of granulated materials reduced to an extremely small caliber
More particularly, it relates to improvements to machines in which a reduction of the dimensions of the particles of material is effected by means of blades or rotating knives acting on the material with combination of impacts and cutting effects against fixed blades and in which a curved metallic fabric is mounted in a generally concentric position with respect to the path traveled by the rotating blades to allow particles of material which have already been sufficiently reduced to pass under the action of gravity and the movement of air produced by the rapiae rotation of the rotating blades
In a granulator, because of the clearance J essential for the durable functioning of the bearings of the bearings, the rotating part which carries the rotary blades is subject, under the effect of the cutting forces, in all the radial directions, to deflections of a amplitude less than or equal to this clearance J; as a result of each passage of a rotating blade in front of a fixed blade, the spacing ae these are different, it varies continuously in a random manner to take all the instantaneous values of the abatements of amplitude J .I1 there is place d '' consider two operating modes for a granulator
I / The granulation size to be obtained is greater than J; At each passage of a rotary blade in front of a fixed blade the material is divided, the flow rate of the granulator is at its maximum,
2 / The granulation size to be obtained is less than J; Rarely from time to time, when passing a rotary blade in front of a fixed blade, their distance is small enough for the material to be divided, the flow rate of the granulator becomes smaller and smaller, the smaller the size of the granulation to be obtained is lower than the value of J
In a granulator with rotary blades of reduced dimensions, everything is reduced, the clearance J and consequently the minimum economic size of granulation is equal to or greater than the size required in most cases in the machine industry and perfectly adapted If this n 'is its throughput, it is necessarily reduced too. The industry requires very high throughputs of granulated material to calibres very rehearsed by granulators with rotating blades; for example, without limitation, the recovery of the metal contained in extra flexible electric wires and cables. We are led to consider the construction of large machines, we are very quickly limited, in fact, in a large granulator, everything takes on a dimension important, in particular clearance J, by quite the minimum economic size of granulation becomes much higher than the required size, the flow rate of the granulator becomes more and more weak, all the more weak as the size of granulation requested is smaller than the value Game
J; practically, a large size granulator has relatively a very low flow rate of granulated material at a very reduced caliber.

La présente invention a pour but de réaliser une machine de grande dimension qui évite ces inconvénients, et qui est capable d'un important débit de matière trés finement divisée à un calibre trés réduit. The present invention aims to achieve a large machine which avoids these drawbacks, and which is capable of a large flow of very finely divided material at a very reduced caliber.

Une machine à broyer et granuler suivant l'invention comporte, axé sur deux paliers de construction spéciale, un rotor ou partie tournante sur lequel sont fixées les lames tournantes qui divisent la matière en agissant par effet de découpe et de chocs contre les lames fixes et dans lequel une toile métallique courbe est montée suivant une position généralement concentrique par rapport au trajet parcouru par les lames rotatives pour permettre aux particules de matière qui ont déjà été suffisamment réduites de passer au travers de cette toile
Suivant une caractéristique supplémentaire de l'invention, chaque palier de construction spéciale comporte, sur le meme bout d'arbre, un roulement fixé sur le bâti ae la machine ,et un ou plusieurs roulements sollicités chacun dans une direction radiale différente et opposée par une force de précontrainte d'une valeur supérieure aux efforts radiaux reportés sur l'ensemble du palier par le. A grinding and granulating machine according to the invention comprises, centered on two bearings of special construction, a rotor or rotating part on which are fixed the rotating blades which divide the material by acting by cutting and impact effect against the fixed blades and in which a curved metallic fabric is mounted in a generally concentric position relative to the path traveled by the rotary blades to allow particles of material which have already been sufficiently reduced to pass through this fabric
According to an additional characteristic of the invention, each bearing of special construction comprises, on the same end of the shaft, a bearing fixed on the frame to the machine, and one or more bearings each urged in a different radial direction and opposed by a prestressing force of a value greater than the radial forces carried over the entire bearing by the.

travail de.la machine, et de telle façon que chacun des roulements rattrape le jeu radial de l'autre ; Fig: I.work of the machine, and in such a way that each of the bearings catches up with the radial clearance of the other; Fig: I.

Suivant une caractéristique supplémentaire de l'invention, la force radiale de précontrainte est appliquée par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce élastique, par exemple non limitatif, un ressort ou un bloc de matière telle que le caoutchouc, et qui permet à la force radiale de précontrainte.de garder une valeur suffisante, et ce malgrés une augmentation accidentelle du jeu radial des roulements due, par exemple non limitatif, à l'usure de cse derniers; Fig: 3. According to an additional characteristic of the invention, the radial prestressing force is applied by means of an elastic piece, for example not limiting, a spring or a block of material such as rubber, and which allows the radial force prestressing. to keep a sufficient value, despite an accidental increase in the radial clearance of the bearings due, for example, without limitation, to wear of the latter; Fig: 3.

Le aessin annexé, donne à titre d'exemple. non limitatif, permettra de mieux comprendre les caractéristiques de l'invention. The annexed drawing gives by way of example. non-limiting, will allow a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention.

- Fig: I est une vue latérale schématique d'une machine suivant l'invention. - Fig: I is a schematic side view of a machine according to the invention.

- Fig: 2 est une section partielle II-II de la machine
- Fig: 3 est une vue latérale , avec un ressort de précontrainte, de la machine.- Fig: 2 is a partial section II-II of the machine
- Fig: 3 is a side view, with a preload spring, of the machine.

On a représenté sur les figures I et 3 , une machine à granuler de grande dimension réalisée cnformément à l'invention. Cette machine comporte, axé sur deux paliers 5, un. rotor ou partietournante, sur lequel sont fixées les lames tournantes 3 qui divisent la matière par effet de découpe et de chocs; contre les lames fixes 4, fixées sur le bati 7 de la machine et dans laquelle une toile métallique courbe 5 est montée suivant une position généralement cncentrique par rapport au trajet parcouru par les lames tournantes 3, pour permettre à la ma matière qui a déjà été suffisamment divisée de passer au travers de la toile métallique 5. Fig:I, 2 et 3. There is shown in Figures I and 3, a large pelletizing machine produced in accordance with the invention. This machine comprises, focused on two bearings 5, one. rotor or revolving party, on which are fixed the rotating blades 3 which divide the material by cutting and impact effect; against the fixed blades 4, fixed on the frame 7 of the machine and in which a curved metal fabric 5 is mounted in a generally centric position relative to the path traveled by the rotating blades 3, to allow the material which has already been sufficiently divided to pass through the wire mesh 5. Fig: I, 2 and 3.

Chaque palier spécial T est constitué par un roulement 6 fixé sur le bâti 7 de la machine, et un ou plusieurs roulements 8 sollicités chacun dans une direction différente et opposée par une force radiale de précontrainte supérieure aux efforts radiaux reportés sur les paliers I par le travail de la machine, et de telle façon que chaque roulement 6 et 8 rattrape le jeu radial de l'autre. L' invention concerne plus particuliérement ces paliers spéciaux I. Each special bearing T is constituted by a bearing 6 fixed to the frame 7 of the machine, and one or more bearings 8 each urged in a different direction and opposed by a radial prestressing force greater than the radial forces transferred to the bearings I by the work of the machine, and in such a way that each bearing 6 and 8 catches up with the radial clearance of the other. The invention relates more particularly to these special bearings I.

La force radiale de précontrainte est appliquée par l'intermédiaire d' une pièce élastique 9, par exemple non limitatif, un ressort ou un bloc de.. matiére telle que le caoutchouc. Fig: Fig 3. The radial prestressing force is applied by means of an elastic piece 9, for example without limitation, a spring or a block of material such as rubber. Fig: Fig 3.

Le fonctionnement est le suivant. The operation is as follows.

A-cause de son élasticité, la pièce 9, malgrés le jeu initial J, ainsi que le jeu radial accidentel du à l'usure des roulements, conserve à,la force radial ale de précontrâinte une valeur suffisante pour annuler les débattements dans le sens radial, de la partie tournante ou rotor 2; il est par suite possible de réduire à volonté la aistance qui sépare une lame fixe d'une lame tournante lors de la rotation du rotor et par conséquent, il est possible de réduire dans les mêmes proportions le calibre minimum de granulation, c'est à dire à volonté. Because of its elasticity, the part 9, despite the initial clearance J, as well as the accidental radial clearance due to the wear of the bearings, keeps at, the radial force ale of pre-tensioned a value sufficient to cancel the deflections in the direction radial, of the rotating part or rotor 2; it is consequently possible to reduce at will the aistance which separates a fixed blade from a rotating blade during the rotation of the rotor and consequently, it is possible to reduce in the same proportions the minimum caliber of granulation, that is to say at will.

Cette machine est plus particulièrement destinée à la construction de granulateurs de grandes dimension.  This machine is more particularly intended for the construction of large granulators.

Claims (3)

REVgNDICATIONS  REVgNDICATIONS I. tachine à granuler comportant, axé sur deux paliers, une partie tournante sur laquelle sont fixées les lames rotatives qui divisent la matière contre les lames fixées sur le bati et dans laquelle une toile métallique courbe est montée suivant une position concentrique au trajet parcouru par les lames rota tives, et caractérisée en ce que ces paliers comportent, sur > même bout d'ar- bre, un roulement fixé sur le bâti et un autre roulement sollicité dans une direction radiale opposée par une force de précontrainte d'une valeur supérieure aux efforts qui sont reportés sur les paliers. I. granulating machine comprising, centered on two bearings, a rotating part on which are fixed the rotary blades which divide the material against the blades fixed on the frame and in which a curved metallic canvas is mounted in a position concentric with the path traveled by the rotary blades, and characterized in that these bearings comprise, on> the same shaft end, a bearing fixed on the frame and another bearing urged in an opposite radial direction by a prestressing force of a greater value to the efforts which are carried over to the bearings. 2. Machine à granuler comportant, axé sur deux paliers, une partie tournante sur laquelle sont fixés les lames rotatives qui divisent la matière contre les lames fixées sur le bâti et dans laquelle une toile métallique courbe est montée suivant une position concentrique au trajet parcouru par les lames rotatives, et caractérisée en ce que ces paliers comportent, sur le même bout d'arbre, un roulement fixé sur le bati et plusieurs roulements sàllicités chacun dans une direction radiale opposée par une force radiale de précontrainte d'une valeur supérieure aux efforts qui sont reportés sur les paliers. 2. Pelletizing machine comprising, centered on two bearings, a rotating part on which are fixed the rotary blades which divide the material against the blades fixed on the frame and in which a curved metallic fabric is mounted in a position concentric to the path traveled by the rotary blades, and characterized in that these bearings comprise, on the same end of the shaft, a bearing fixed on the frame and several bearings each connected in an opposite radial direction by a radial prestressing force of a value greater than the forces which are carried over to the bearings. 3. Machine suivant les revendications I et 2, caractérisdeet ce que la force radiale de précontrainte est appliquée sur le ou les roulements par I'inermédl- aire d'une piéce faisant office de ressort.  3. Machine according to Claims I and 2, characterized in that the radial prestressing force is applied to the bearing (s) by means of a piece acting as a spring.
FR8111883A 1981-06-10 1981-06-10 Preloaded cantilevered rotor bearings - for rotating knife machines enables closer tolerances to be employed Granted FR2507713A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8111883A FR2507713A1 (en) 1981-06-10 1981-06-10 Preloaded cantilevered rotor bearings - for rotating knife machines enables closer tolerances to be employed

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8111883A FR2507713A1 (en) 1981-06-10 1981-06-10 Preloaded cantilevered rotor bearings - for rotating knife machines enables closer tolerances to be employed

Publications (2)

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FR2507713A1 true FR2507713A1 (en) 1982-12-17
FR2507713B3 FR2507713B3 (en) 1984-06-29

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FR8111883A Granted FR2507713A1 (en) 1981-06-10 1981-06-10 Preloaded cantilevered rotor bearings - for rotating knife machines enables closer tolerances to be employed

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20200037862A (en) * 2017-09-22 2020-04-09 봅스트 맥스 에스에이 Bearing unit with 3 bearings, especially preload bearings for paper processing tools

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20200037862A (en) * 2017-09-22 2020-04-09 봅스트 맥스 에스에이 Bearing unit with 3 bearings, especially preload bearings for paper processing tools
US11221041B2 (en) * 2017-09-22 2022-01-11 Bobst Mex Sa Bearing unit with three bearings including a preload bearing, in particular for a paper processing tool
KR102450906B1 (en) * 2017-09-22 2022-10-04 봅스트 맥스 에스에이 Bearing unit with three bearings with preload bearings especially for paper processing tools

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