FR2500844A1 - Preventing phase-sepn. of mixt. of hydrocarbon fuel and an alcohol - using additive mixt. contg. benzyl alcohol and acetate - Google Patents

Preventing phase-sepn. of mixt. of hydrocarbon fuel and an alcohol - using additive mixt. contg. benzyl alcohol and acetate Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2500844A1
FR2500844A1 FR8104112A FR8104112A FR2500844A1 FR 2500844 A1 FR2500844 A1 FR 2500844A1 FR 8104112 A FR8104112 A FR 8104112A FR 8104112 A FR8104112 A FR 8104112A FR 2500844 A1 FR2500844 A1 FR 2500844A1
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Prior art keywords
parts
volume
additive
alcohol
benzyl alcohol
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FR8104112A
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FR2500844B1 (en
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Andre Arnould
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REALISATIONS SARL ET
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REALISATIONS SARL ET
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

An additive (I), claimed for permitting alcohols (pref. methanol or hydrous ethanol) to be incorporated in hydrocarbon fuels, contains benzyl alcohol and acetone. It pref. comprises 30-80 vol.% benzyl alcohol and 20-70 vol.% acetone; or 10-30 vol.% benzyl alcohol, 30-50 vol.% butanol, 20-60 vol.% acetone and opt. 0.5-10 vol.% phenol. The fuel compsn. pref. comprises 85-99 vol.% hydrocarbons, 1-5 vol.% of 99-96% hydrous ethanol, methanol or a mixt. of both, and 1-15(pref. 3-6) vol.% (I). Used to permit fuel oil or pref. gasoline or gas oil to be diluted with alcohols without phase-sepn.

Description

En raison de la pénurie de pétrole, on a cherché ces dernières années à remplacer au moins en partie les hydrocarbures par des alcools dans l'alimentation des moteurs. Cette substitution se traduit souvent par des avantages ; on sait, en effet, que si l'on ajoute de l'éthanol à une essence, on obtient un carburant dont l'indice d'octane est accru par rapport à l'indice d'octane de l'essence utilisée sans ajout de l'éthanol. I1 en résulte qu'on peut utiliser, pour le mélange essence-alcool, un taux de compression plus élevé, conduisant à un meilleur rendement thermique du moteur. Toutefois des difficultés majeures apparaissent très rapidement en raison de la sensibilité à l'eau des mélanges essence-alcool, fuel-alcool ou gazole-alcool, la présence d'eau se traduisant par des phénomènes de demixtion.Owing to the shortage of petroleum, attempts have been made in recent years to replace at least part of the hydrocarbons with alcohols in the supply of engines. This substitution often results in advantages; we know, in fact, that if we add ethanol to a gasoline, we obtain a fuel whose octane number is increased compared to the octane number of the gasoline used without adding ethanol. As a result, a higher compression ratio can be used for the petrol-alcohol mixture, leading to better thermal efficiency of the engine. However, major difficulties appear very quickly due to the sensitivity to water of gasoline-alcohol, fuel-alcohol or diesel-alcohol mixtures, the presence of water resulting in demixing phenomena.

Il en résulte que, jusqu a présent, il était impératif d'utiliser de l'éthanol anhydre.As a result, hitherto it has been imperative to use anhydrous ethanol.

Or l'utilisation d'éthanol anhydre entraîne des dépenses d'investissement et d'énergie, notamment pour réaliser la distillation de l'etha- nol, qui font que pratiquement les mélanges essence-éthanol ou les mélanges similaires n'ont pas été utilisés sur une large échelle.However, the use of anhydrous ethanol entails investment and energy costs, in particular for distilling ethanol, which means that practically the gasoline-ethanol mixtures or similar mixtures have not been used. on a large scale.

Cet inconvénient de mauvaise compatibilité se retrouve également avec le méthanol.This drawback of poor compatibility is also found with methanol.

L'objet de la présente demande de brevet est de rendre possible l'utilisation d'éthanol, pouvant renfermer jusqu'à 10% en volume d'eau, ou de méthanol. On conçoit alors l'intérêt de la présente invention qui va permettre d'utiliser, en mélange avec de l'essence automobile ou avec un fuel ou un gazole, de méthanol à bon marché, utilisable sans fractionnement ou distillation poussée et coûteuse, et par exemple de méthanol à 90-96 % et notamment l'éthanol à 95 % obtenu à partir de betteraves, de topinambours ou d'autres plantes susceptibles d'être cultivées à large échelle sur le sol national.The object of the present patent application is to make possible the use of ethanol, which can contain up to 10% by volume of water, or methanol. We can therefore understand the advantage of the present invention which will make it possible to use, in mixture with motor gasoline or with fuel oil or diesel, inexpensive methanol, usable without fractionation or extensive and costly distillation, and by example of 90-96% methanol and in particular 95% ethanol obtained from beets, Jerusalem artichokes or other plants likely to be cultivated on a large scale on national soil.

L'invention concerne ainsi un nouveau carburant qui comprend a) de l'méthanol à 90-96 % et/ou du méthanol, b) une fraction d'hydrocarbures, telle que essence, gazole ou fuel, et c) un additif qui a pour rôle d'assurer la miscibilité dudit alcool
et de la fraction d'hydrocarbures, sans modifier les propriétés
d'usage du carburant, certaines propriétés se trouvant même amé liorées.
The invention thus relates to a new fuel which comprises a) 90-96% methanol and / or methanol, b) a fraction of hydrocarbons, such as petrol, diesel or fuel, and c) an additive which has role of ensuring the miscibility of said alcohol
and of the hydrocarbon fraction, without modifying the properties
use of fuel, some properties even being improved.

Les résultats avantageux, obtenus selon l'invention, sont les suivants: 1) l'additif est aisément disponible à faible coût et peut être uti
lisé en faible proportion, 2) On observe habituellement une baisse de la consommation de carbu
rant, 3) la pollution se trouve réduite, grâce au meilleur indice d'octane
qui permet de réduire ou même supprimer les additifs usuels au plomb, 4) la combustion est améliorée et se traduit par une réduction de
la teneur en CO et C02 des gaz d'échappement, 5) facilité de stockage sans risque de démixtion.
The advantageous results obtained according to the invention are as follows: 1) the additive is readily available at low cost and can be used
read in small proportion, 2) We usually observe a decrease in fuel consumption
rant, 3) the pollution is reduced, thanks to the better octane number
which makes it possible to reduce or even eliminate the usual additives to lead, 4) the combustion is improved and results in a reduction of
the CO and C02 content of the exhaust gases, 5) ease of storage without risk of demixing.

L'additif utilisé selon l'invention enferme, comme éléments essentiels, de l'alcool benzylique et de l'acétone, en proportions rela tives d'environ 30 à 80 parties en volume d'alcool benzylique pour 70 a 20 parties en volume d'acétone.The additive used according to the invention contains, as essential elements, benzyl alcohol and acetone, in relative proportions of approximately 30 to 80 parts by volume of benzyl alcohol for 70 to 20 parts by volume of 'acetone.

Cet additif peut avantageusement renfermer d'autres composants, en particulier de l'alcool butylique, du phénol et/ou du benzène, ou iIlême du méthanol et/ou de l'éthanol. This additive can advantageously contain other components, in particular butyl alcohol, phenol and / or benzene, or even methanol and / or ethanol.

Des compositions préférées renferment (en volume) : 10 à 30 parties d'alcool benzylique, 30 à 50 parties d'alcool butylique et 20 à 60 parties d'acétone ; ou bien 10 à 30 parties d'alcool benzylique, 30 à 50 parties d'alcool butylique, 20 à 60 parties d'acétone et 0,5 à 10 parties de phénol.Preferred compositions contain (by volume): 10 to 30 parts of benzyl alcohol, 30 to 50 parts of butyl alcohol and 20 to 60 parts of acetone; or else 10 to 30 parts of benzyl alcohol, 30 to 50 parts of butyl alcohol, 20 to 60 parts of acetone and 0.5 to 10 parts of phenol.

L'additif peut être incorporé à un mélange carburant formé de 1 à 15 parties (en volume) d'alcool (méthanol ou éthanol à 90-96 %) et 85 à 99 parties d'hydrocarbures (essence, fuel ou gazole), de préférence 8 à 12 parties (en volume) d'alcool précité et 88 à 92 parties d'hydrocarbures.The additive can be incorporated into a fuel mixture formed from 1 to 15 parts (by volume) of alcohol (methanol or ethanol at 90-96%) and 85 to 99 parts of hydrocarbons (petrol, fuel or diesel), preferably 8 to 12 parts (by volume) of the abovementioned alcohol and 88 to 92 parts of hydrocarbons.

L'additif peut être incorporé audit mélange carburant à raison de 1 à 15 parties en volume, de préférence 3 à 6 parties, pour 100 parties de mélange carburant précité, formé d'essence, gazole ou fuel et d'alcool.The additive may be incorporated into said fuel mixture in a proportion of 1 to 15 parts by volume, preferably 3 to 6 parts, per 100 parts of the abovementioned fuel mixture, formed of petrol, diesel or fuel and alcohol.

Les exemples suivants, non limitatifs, illustrent l'invention. Dans ces exemples, les proportions sont exprimées en volume.The following nonlimiting examples illustrate the invention. In these examples, the proportions are expressed in volume.

Exemple 1
On a réalisé le mélange suivant (A)
alcool benzylique 60 parties
acétone 40 parties.
Example 1
The following mixture was produced (A)
benzyl alcohol 60 parts
acetone 40 parts.

On a ajouté 4 parties du mélange (A) résultant à 10 parties d'alcool éthylique du commerce à 95 X et 86 parties d'essence ordinaire (normale) du commerce. La mélange obtenu est parfaitement limpide et a été utilisé comme carburant sur un parc de voitures européennes à allumage commandé.4 parts of the resulting mixture (A) was added to 10 parts of 95% commercial ethyl alcohol and 86 parts of commercial (normal) gasoline. The mixture obtained is perfectly clear and has been used as fuel on a fleet of European spark-ignition cars.

Des essais comparatifs de consommation ont été réalisés comme suit deux véhicules neufs de même type ont été utilisés sur un même parcours, l'un fonctionnant avec un supercarburant du commerce et l'autre avec le mélange défini ci-dessus. On a observé une économie relative de carburant de 12,6 % en faveur de ce mélange. L'agrément de conduite a été identique dans les deux cas : même facilité de démarrage, même facilité de reprise, etc.., malgré l'emploi d'essence ordinaire au lieu de super carburant.Comparative consumption tests were carried out as follows: two new vehicles of the same type were used on the same route, one operating with a commercial premium fuel and the other with the mixture defined above. A relative fuel economy of 12.6% was observed in favor of this mixture. The driving pleasure was identical in both cases: same ease of starting, same ease of recovery, etc., despite the use of ordinary gasoline instead of super fuel.

Exemples 2 et 3
On a répété l'exemple 1 aec les mélanges suivants
- Exemple 2 : mélange (B)
alcool benzylique 20 parties
acétone 35 parties
alcool butylique 40 parties
phénol 5 parties
- Exemple 3 : mélange (C)
alcool benzylique 20 parties
acétone 30 parties
alcool butylique 30 parties
benzol 15 parties
phénol 5 parties.
Examples 2 and 3
Example 1 was repeated with the following mixtures
- Example 2: mixture (B)
benzyl alcohol 20 parts
acetone 35 parts
butyl alcohol 40 parts
phenol 5 parts
- Example 3: mixture (C)
benzyl alcohol 20 parts
acetone 30 parts
butyl alcohol 30 parts
benzol 15 parts
phenol 5 parts.

On a incorporé chacun de ces mélanges à une composition carburante alcool éthylique à 95 % -essence normale exactement dans les mêmes conditions qu'à l'exemple 1.Each of these mixtures was incorporated into a 95% ethyl alcohol-normal gasoline fuel composition under exactly the same conditions as in Example 1.

On a obtenu sensiblement les mêmes résultats que dans l'exemple 1.The same results were obtained as in Example 1.

Exemple 4
On réalise le mélange suivant
alcool benzylique 35 parties
acétone 30 parties
phénol 5 parties
benzol 30 parties
On a ajouté 8 parties de ce mélange à 92 parties d'un mélange carburant lui-même constitué de
70 parties de gazole,
30 parties de méthanol,
et 20 parties d'huile de colza raffinée, et on a chauffé à 40C C.
Example 4
The following mixture is produced
benzyl alcohol 35 parts
acetone 30 parts
phenol 5 parts
benzol 30 parts
8 parts of this mixture were added to 92 parts of a fuel mixture itself consisting of
70 parts of diesel,
30 parts of methanol,
and 20 parts of refined rapeseed oil, and heated to 40C C.

Une fois le mélange réalisé, celui-ci est stable et on a pu le refroidir
jusqu'à la température de - 250 C sans observer de perte sensible de
limpidité.
Once the mixture is made, it is stable and we were able to cool it
up to a temperature of - 250 C without observing a significant loss of
clarity.

On a alimenté, avec cette composition, un moteur Diesel, bi-cylindre
d'une puissance réelle de 10 KW.
We supplied, with this composition, a diesel engine, twin-cylinder
with a real power of 10 KW.

Le fonctionnement s'est révélé identique à celui du même moteur alimenté au gazole seul.The operation was identical to that of the same engine powered by diesel only.

Exemple 5
L'exemple 4 a été répété, en remplaçant le méthanol par de méthanol hydraté à 95 %. Les résultats ont été également satisfaisants.
Example 5
Example 4 was repeated, replacing the methanol with 95% hydrated methanol. The results were also satisfactory.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS 1. - Additif permettant l'incorporation d'alcools aux carburants, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un mélange d'alcool benzylique et d'acétone.1. - Additive allowing the incorporation of alcohols into fuels, characterized in that it comprises a mixture of benzyl alcohol and acetone. 2. - Additif selon la revendication 1, comprenant 30 à 80 parties en volume d'alcool benzylique et 20 à 70 parties en volume d'acétone pour 100 parties en volume d'additif.2. - Additive according to claim 1, comprising 30 to 80 parts by volume of benzyl alcohol and 20 to 70 parts by volume of acetone per 100 parts by volume of additive. 3. - Additif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comprenant 10 à 30 parties en volume d'alcool benzylique, 30 à 50 parties en volume d'alcool butylique et 20 à 60 parties en volume d'acétone pour 100 parties en volume d'additif.3. - Additive according to claim 1 or 2, comprising 10 to 30 parts by volume of benzyl alcohol, 30 to 50 parts by volume of butyl alcohol and 20 to 60 parts by volume of acetone per 100 parts by volume of additive. 4. - Additif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, comprenant 10 à 30 partes en volume d'alcool benzylique, 30 à 50 parties en volume d'alcool butylique, 20 à 60 parties en volume d'acétone et 0;5 à 10 parties en volume de phénol pour 100 parties en volume d'additif.4. - Additive according to one of claims 1 to 3, comprising 10 to 30 parts by volume of benzyl alcohol, 30 to 50 parts by volume of butyl alcohol, 20 to 60 parts by volume of acetone and 0; 5 10 parts by volume of phenol per 100 parts by volume of additive. 5. - Utilisaticn d'un additif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, consistant à introduire ledit additif dans un mélange carburant formé de 1 à 15 parties en volume d'alcool choisi dans le groupe formé par l'méthanol à 90-96 %, le méthanol et leurs mélanges, et 85 à 99 parties en volume d'hydrocarbures, la proportion d'additif etant de 1 à 15 parties en volume pour 100 parties en volume dudit mélar.ge carburant 6. - Utilisation selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle l'additif est présent à raison de 3 à 6 parties en volume pour 100 parties en volume de mélange carburant.5. - The use of an additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, consisting in introducing said additive into a fuel mixture formed from 1 to 15 parts by volume of alcohol chosen from the group formed by methanol at 90 -96%, methanol and their mixtures, and 85 to 99 parts by volume of hydrocarbons, the proportion of additive being from 1 to 15 parts by volume per 100 parts by volume of said fuel mixture 6. - Use according to the claim 5, wherein the additive is present in an amount of 3 to 6 parts by volume per 100 parts by volume of fuel mixture. 7. - Utilisation selon l'une des revendications 5 et 6, dans laquelle I'alciol est de l'éthanol hydraté à 90-96 %. 7. - Use according to one of claims 5 and 6, wherein the alciol is ethanol hydrated at 90-96%. 8. - Utilisation selon l'une des revendications 5 et 6, dans laquelle l'alcool est le méthanol.8. - Use according to one of claims 5 and 6, wherein the alcohol is methanol. 9. - Composition carburante comprenant de 1 à 15 parties en volume d'éthanol à 90-96 % ou de méthanol et de 85 à 99 parties en volume d'hydrocarbures et renfermant en outre, pour 100 parties en volume de ladite composition, de 1 à 15 parties en volume d'un additif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4.9. - Fuel composition comprising from 1 to 15 parts by volume of 90-96% ethanol or methanol and from 85 to 99 parts by volume of hydrocarbons and also containing, per 100 parts by volume of said composition, 1 to 15 parts by volume of an additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 10. - Composition selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle les hydrocarbures sont présents sous forme d'une fraction d'essence.10. - Composition according to claim 9, in which the hydrocarbons are present in the form of a gasoline fraction. 11. - Composition selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle les hydrocarbures sont présents sous forme d'une fraction de gazole. 11. - Composition according to claim 9, in which the hydrocarbons are present in the form of a diesel fraction.
FR8104112A 1981-03-02 1981-03-02 Preventing phase-sepn. of mixt. of hydrocarbon fuel and an alcohol - using additive mixt. contg. benzyl alcohol and acetate Granted FR2500844A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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FR8104112A FR2500844A1 (en) 1981-03-02 1981-03-02 Preventing phase-sepn. of mixt. of hydrocarbon fuel and an alcohol - using additive mixt. contg. benzyl alcohol and acetate

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8104112A FR2500844A1 (en) 1981-03-02 1981-03-02 Preventing phase-sepn. of mixt. of hydrocarbon fuel and an alcohol - using additive mixt. contg. benzyl alcohol and acetate

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FR2500844A1 true FR2500844A1 (en) 1982-09-03
FR2500844B1 FR2500844B1 (en) 1985-01-04

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4770670A (en) * 1986-12-22 1988-09-13 Arco Chemical Company Fire resistant microemulsions containing phenyl alcohols as cosurfactants
WO2001053436A1 (en) * 2000-01-24 2001-07-26 Angelica Golubkov Motor fuel for spark ignition internal combustion engines
US6761745B2 (en) 2000-01-24 2004-07-13 Angelica Hull Method of reducing the vapor pressure of ethanol-containing motor fuels for spark ignition combustion engines

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR380310A (en) * 1907-07-27 1907-12-05 Julien Novel Denatured motor alcohol for use in automobiles, motorcycles, motor boats and other explosive engines, as well as for lighting and heating
GB411904A (en) * 1932-12-15 1934-06-15 Ernst Gustav Edwin Meyer Improvements in and relating to fuels for use in internal combustion engines and forother purposes
FR787590A (en) * 1934-06-18 1935-09-25 Ternary mixtures of gasoline, alcohol and a third solvent for use as motor fuel
CH245072A (en) * 1945-01-06 1946-10-31 Lonza Ag Process for the production of fuels containing alcohol.
FR1536406A (en) * 1967-07-06 1968-08-16 Fuel compositions which may include a high proportion of ethyl alcohol

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR380310A (en) * 1907-07-27 1907-12-05 Julien Novel Denatured motor alcohol for use in automobiles, motorcycles, motor boats and other explosive engines, as well as for lighting and heating
GB411904A (en) * 1932-12-15 1934-06-15 Ernst Gustav Edwin Meyer Improvements in and relating to fuels for use in internal combustion engines and forother purposes
FR787590A (en) * 1934-06-18 1935-09-25 Ternary mixtures of gasoline, alcohol and a third solvent for use as motor fuel
CH245072A (en) * 1945-01-06 1946-10-31 Lonza Ag Process for the production of fuels containing alcohol.
FR1536406A (en) * 1967-07-06 1968-08-16 Fuel compositions which may include a high proportion of ethyl alcohol

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4770670A (en) * 1986-12-22 1988-09-13 Arco Chemical Company Fire resistant microemulsions containing phenyl alcohols as cosurfactants
WO2001053436A1 (en) * 2000-01-24 2001-07-26 Angelica Golubkov Motor fuel for spark ignition internal combustion engines
US6761745B2 (en) 2000-01-24 2004-07-13 Angelica Hull Method of reducing the vapor pressure of ethanol-containing motor fuels for spark ignition combustion engines
US7323020B2 (en) 2000-01-24 2008-01-29 Angelica Hull Method for making a fuel for a modified spark ignition combustion engine, a fuel for a modified spark ignition combustion engine and a fuel additive for a conventional spark ignition combustion engine

Also Published As

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