FR2487080A1 - GROUND POSITION CONTROL APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR AUTOMATICALLY DISPLAYING AND RECORDING PARAMETERS THAT DEFINE IN SPACE THE POSITIONS OF SEISMIC EXPLORATION DEVICE NETWORKS AND SEISMIC ENERGY SOURCES - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION CONCERNS A GROUND POSITION CONTROL APPARATUS AND A PROCESS FOR THE AUTOMATIC DISPLAY AND RECORDING OF PARAMETERS WHICH DEFINE IN SPACE THE POSITIONS OF NETWORKS OF SEISMIC EXPLORATION DEVICES AND OF SEISMIC ENERGY SOURCES. A SYSTEM IN THE FORM OF A SOURCE OF ENERGY 16 AND A NETWORK OF DETECTORS 13 ARRANGED ALONG A PROSPECTING LINE 17 AND CONNECTED TO A MICRO COMPUTER 25 LOCATED IN A TRUCK 11 CONTAINING A NUMERIC SYSTEM 10, DETERMINES PARAMETERS ALLOWING TO IDENTIFY AND DISPLAY EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES. APPLICATION TO PETROLEUM PROSPECTIONS.

Description

1 2487080

  The present invention relates to sismi-

  that and more particularly methods and apparatus

  to ensure the integrity of firing and recording operations.

  in the field, during the prospection of hydro-

  carbides and the like. According to one of its aspects, the present invention

  provides for dynamic control of firing and

  field registration in such a way that they correspond

  in fact, the advanced specifications for these operations

  rations, with the result that the registration operations

  may be coordinated with the specified firing (or vibration creation) operations. According to another aspect

  of the present invention, the latter provides for the produc-

  tion and recording of data containing information

  the geometry of an array of detectors and a power source, on a recording medium in the form of header data, in addition to the recording of the seismic data representing received acoustic signals as

  consequence of the firing operations (or the creation of vibra-

tions).

  In the field of seismic exploration, the pres-

  proposed for shooting operations (or

  vibration) and recording should be precisely tracked in the field, especially in field techniques involving so-called point-to-depth recording operations (or CDPR operations). , in which variable sets of detectors are used in association with successive shots so as to obtain successive sets

  multiple registrations (throughout the description)

  following description, the words "shot" or "shots" shall be used for the part of the operation during which the

  acoustics are produced and sent below the

  face of the ground. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the same considerations apply where acoustic waves are produced by rather large surface-level vibration generators rather

only by explosive fire).

  During the implementation of the registration process

  very weight at the same depth of the detectors and energy sources are arranged in a first set

  locations or associated positions in space (geometry)

  truncation), so as to obtain a first record.

  Successive recordings are then made

  that the detectors and the energy source occupy new

  real positions. However the detectors and the source

  normally maintain the same

  relative spatial impact in the course of the operations

in the field.

  The advance of the positions of the detectors (during the recording operations of points at the same depth) implements a technique usually known as the "rolling advance". The relative advance of the detector array is usually carried out very quickly using a switching device referred to as a feed switch (as described, for example, in the US patent application filed under

  No. 3,618,000) and by means of which a large number of

  The controllers may be provided, in a controllable manner, at any intervals programmed along the registration line. Through the use of

  multiple pairs extending along the line, these detections

  are connected to switch input sockets

  beforehand. The switch design allows for interconnection

  a number of detectors, referred to as an "active" network, at the entrance of a seismic recorder

  geophysics and allows monitoring of the position of a

  active network compared to a number of available recording channels (ie any position in

  1-among-60 channels) Not only can the switch select

  setting any group of adjacent or adjacent detectors out of a total number of detectors arranged along a line,

  as an "active" network or device, but it can also

  additionally introduce spacings or

  valles in the active device using one or more "inactive" groups as spacers, which is a technique usually used when a large power source is located in the center of the active network

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  (an "interval" network for a recording with 24

  for example detectors 1 to 12 and

  at 26, while detectors 13 and 14 are left

  connected by the advance switch).

  Computer processing of field data according to the point registration process

  at a common depth (now customarily

  large centralized computer devices) not only requires accurate time-amplitude seismic reflection data, but also requires "layout or ordering" data describing

  the geometry of the source and the associated detectors,

  that the reflection data has been collected. These layout data consist inter alia of the locations or positions of each detector in each "active" network during the recording sequence of the energy source position and the position and the size of the gap

  (where appropriate) In order to obtain the elements indicated

  above, the usual procedure in the field is to determine

  undermine base locations or ground positions at

  by means of an examination carried out before the registration

  is lying. The position and direction of the line are

  geographical positions or geodetic survey points. The position of each detector (or each group of detectors) and the energy source is determined and is marked by a milestone

  having an identification number representing a posi-

  on the ground. These positions are recorded in the topographic survey for this particular seismic line. The topographic survey therefore contains a portion of the geometric data that must be added to the seismic data once it has been recorded.

and are ready for treatment.

  Another required requirement of geometric data is developed during the registration process. She

  data entered in the "Statement of Observer"

  "operator" (the operator implementing the registration system

  Seismic is usually referred to as the "observer").

  The observer's record contains, for each sequence

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  the spatial extent of active detectors

  usually identified by the ground positions of the

  at each end of the active network. In the case where the active network contains an "interval", the position of this interval will be specified in relation to the locations of the

  neighboring active detectors. The observer's statement

  also holds the position of the energy source for each

  than recording. In some cases, when an already prospected line is registered, the energy source may not be located at the location assigned to it during the survey. In this case, the position of the shot recorded in the observer's record must be used during the

  implementation of the operations in place of the initial data

  prospecting. The observer's record also contains information that indicates or describes the spatial defects or irregularities of the active network imposed by the

  conditions of the field when performing a recording

line.

  As indicated above, the switching

  in advance tracks the position of the active network (for

  the position of the "active" detector network including the interval). Although some forward switches perform the transfer of such data from the network

  directly to the recorder placed in the field (identify

  as header data on the digital seismic band), these data are not present in the true ground position form, but in the form of a

  arbitrary numbering, relating to a particular heading

  re of the registration vehicle. The true ground position

  registration vehicle must therefore be introduced

  in the observer reading to convert the advance switch positions to true ground positions.

  The description given below of the operations of

  geophysical seismic data record conclusively indicates that seismic reflection data must be supported by accurate correlative data

  sufficient to define in a precise way the system

  geometric pattern of the source and detectors in space

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  relative to a fixed geographical location. It indicates

  also that separate types of cross-check data

  for documentation purposes are required when the data are collected and include the implementation of the production, formatting and display phases of the sensor array geometries and the sound source for both the current sequences and

  subsequent or subsequent shooting and recording.

  A particularly useful embodiment of

  the apparatus according to the invention comprises an apparatus for con-

  control of the ground position for production, setting

  format and the recording of information in order to

  shooting the integrity of shooting and field recording operations. The recording equipment includes sets of multi-digit display devices ordered

  dynamically by an interoperable microcomputer system

  connected to the exploration system. Before the source is activated and the spatial geometric parameters are saved, the operator examines - globally - all

  displayed data and cross-checks these results with

  prescribed instructions; after having

  reported that the data represent the operations required

  in the field, for example by means of the actuation of a link switch for transmissions, it may

  transfer the displayed data (both coded and calculated

  in the form of header data to a unit of record

  field recording, connected in series with the control device. Prior to transfer, the recording device also formats the data in a form required for correct annotation of the seismic record. As a result, the final seismic record contains data representing initial geometric data of the

  network of detectors and the source, which can be

  without ambiguity to the seismic information recorded and received from the subsoil, as results of the sequences

specific operational requirements.

  At the end of the recording cycle, the

  control produces a series of new data: (i) new

  the geometries of the dash device of the network, and (ii) i 6 2487080

  the position jumps (intervals or spacings) of the network.

  Then the sequence can be repeated. Thus, the present invention provides a translation of the initial operating instructions into a precisely appropriate presentation for the annotation of the seismic data, such data being present in a form that the field operator can quickly check with devices. before the operations are completed. Similarly, the present invention assists the operator in his counter-verification and control operations.

  the data so that any discrepancy

  the procedure prescribed in the field can be detected

  té and corrected. Finally, the coded descriptions of the opera-

  realities can be unambiguously associated with

  recorded seismic data received from the subsoil as results of field operations and described

in a particular way.

  These and other benefits and

  of the present invention will be readily apparent

  to those skilled in the art after reading the

  detailed description given below of forms of

  of the present invention.

  By way of example, an embodiment of the invention has been described below and diagrammatically illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

  process for the implementation of the apparatus according to

this invention.

  Figures 1 and 2 show a system of explo-

  ration implementing the present invention and in the-

  a source of energy and a network of detectors (connecting

  dice to a recording truck) are represented.

  Figures 3 and 6 are simplified diagrams of the appa-

  control wire of the present invention, installed on the ground

  and used in the exploration system of Figures 1 and 2.

  Figure 4 is an isometric view of a panel

  display device of FIGS. 3 and 6.

  Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a micro-unit

  processor of the tester of Figures 3 and 6.

  Fig. 7 is an imaginary interpretation of the header data encoded on a magnetic tape, in

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  using the recording apparatus according to the present invention in association with the recording unit of the system

for exploring Figures 1 and 2.

  FIG. 8 is a simplified diagram of parts of the circuit comprising the control apparatus of FIGS. 3 and 6 and

  the recording unit used in the system of

of Figures 1 and 2.

  Figures 9A-9C are flow diagrams that illustrate

  process according to the present invention.

  Figure 10 is a representation in part schematic

  of the recording unit of Figure 8 illustrating

  a sequence of operations associated with this unit.

  Figure 1 illustrates the operation of the system

  seismic exploration 9 according to the present invention.

  As shown, the system 9 includes a digital field system (DFS) 10 housed in a recording truck 11 and electrically interconnected

  through a multi-conductor geophysical cable

  ples 12 to a network of detectors 13 disposed on the surface 14 of the ground. The ground positions 15 are represented as encompassing both the detector array 13 and the source

  seismic energy 16, which are all arranged on the surface

  14. As is known from the process of collecting data by recording points at the same depth, it is more likely that

  have been previously prospected before the implementation

  of the seismic survey operation along the

  prospecting line 17 in the direction of arrow 18.

  Therefore, each of the positions 15 may be designated by a particular position number (or number P) along the line 17. The numbers P shown in Fig. 1 include the numbers 300, 301, ... 329. Similarly, the number of detectors 13 constituting each network (when the

  data are collected) is identified by the suc-

  N, N + 1 ... N + M denotes the length of the active network when the detectors 13 are advanced in the direction

of the arrow 18.

  The annotation of the positions of the detector arrays is facilitated by the fact that at each. detector is associated with a particular data transmission channel 1, 2, ... K

  digital field system DFS 10 when data

  are collected. For usual operations, K can

  be equal to 24, 48, 60, 96, 120, etc., as is

  Although, of course, the present invention is not limited to a particular overall number of channels, but this number may be modified to accommodate all field conditions. Each position of a detector and each location of the source may be indicated using the ground position monitor 20 according to the present invention in connection with the field digital recording unit 21.

DFS 10.

  Figure 2 illustrates in more detail the

  control 20 of ground position control.

  Briefly, the position control apparatus 20

  ground operations to ensure integrity between prescribed and actual field firing and recording operations, by means of a series of

  operational phases, namely memorization, manipula-

  and (i) the ground positions of the source and detector array by means of the position number, (ii) the geometrical positions of the network and the source (both current positions). and subsequent positions) based on geometric field disposition algorithms, and (iii) network and source registration parameters so that annotation or realistic inventory of seismic data collected later can be performed. For this purpose, the operator uses coded data, which he provided initially, using coders

  26, the processed results produced by the apparatus of con-

  control and based on some of the relationships stored in

  inside the microcomputer 25 and finally geo-

  indicative metrics provided on display devices 27 and in the form of header information

  at the level of the recording unit 21.

  Since the present invention relates to

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  appropriate way to the process of recording points of the same depth, the detector network 13 and the source

  16 are continually "advanced in rolling"

  the direction of arrow 18 using the

  22. That is, once the seismic data has been recorded in the recording unit

  21 digital band (after amplification by amplification

  24), the detector array 13 (and the source 16)

  located in a first set of positions P, as

  felt, are "advanced rolling" in the direction of the arrow 18. It will be noted that the change of the entire

  active network of FIG. 1 in the aforementioned manner

  is identified by the sequence relating to the network and

  denoted by N, N + 1, ... N + M, as mentioned above.

  But the geometry of the network and the source is still known at the level of the recording truck 11, provided that the positions 300, 301, 302 ... P of FIG. 1 for the network

  particular active N, N + 1 ... N + M, are correctly identified

  and recorded during each registration cycle.

  the operation of the ground position tester in accordance with the present invention. Of particular importance is the manipulation or processing of data associated with the ground geometry of the detectors 13 and the detector.

  source 16 using geometric algorithms and function

  stored in the microcomputer 25 of the device.

control 20.

  As mentioned previously, the micro-

  computer 25 is used to predict the positions

  network when the advance switch 22 is

  kills switching between "active" and "inactive" networks of detectors. The microcomputer 25 may also coact with the feed switch 22, provided that the latter is capable of accepting the multi-bit codes conventionally produced by the microcomputer 25. (On this subject,

  can be used as an approved advance switch, the

  known under the trade name "Rolalong Switch", a manufacturer

  Input-Output, Inc., Houston, Texas, which consists of a set of contacts attached to a central tree

2487080

  a step-by-step motor controlled via

  a digital input code from the microcomputer 25).

  The advance switch 22 comprises, as usual,

  the, a display device (not shown) associated with one or two of the positions of the active detector array 13. A

  such display naturally varies when the sequential set

  the network changes as shown in the figure.

  re 1 by N, N + 2 ... N + M. The feed switch 22 also includes a digital generator (not shown) for generating a second multi-bit code indicative of the P-position of an element of the array of detectors as header indices to the recorder 21. However, as

  this was mentioned previously, the latter digital code

  that only an arbitrary number and not a posi-

geodesic

  Figure 3 represents even more

  cut the microcomputer 25 of the control apparatus 20.

  As shown, the microcomputer 25 includes a transmission bus 28 of the system used to connect the encoders 26 and the display devices 27 via an input / output interrupt network 34 connected to the microprocessor 30. (MPU) of the microcomputer 25. Similarly are connected via the bus 28 and access 29, the interrupter controller 31, the RAM 32, the ROM 33 (in addition to the network

  34 interface / output interface link) which functions

  classically to calculate, process, memorize

  and display the position data associated with the operation

  exploration. It will be noted that the input / output network 34 not only connects the MPU microprocessor 30 to the encoders 26 and the display devices 27, but is also used to deliver data to the printer.

  under the control of the microprocessor 30 so as to provide

  a permanent record of the data displayed on

  the display devices 27, if desired.

  The bus 28 consists essentially of three separate transmission buses, namely a data bus or data bus, an address bus or address bus and a control bus. The data bus 2487080 is conventional: not only does it convey information to and from the microprocessor 30, but it is also used to extract information that has been stored in the ROM 33, as required, and vehicle data to / from the encoders 26 and display devices 27 of FIG.

  the intermediate (or independently) of the RAM 32.

  Addressing data segments is the function

  annotating the address bus. He is able to select

  a position in RAM 32 or in memory

  ROM 33 or a particular address in the microproces-

  30, when such an element is

* requested, namely by the interrupt control apparatus

  31. The control bus controls the setting of the

  quence and the nature of the operation by using usual selection commands, for example "reading", "inscription", etc. In addition it should be noted that interruptions of the system are usually carried out via

  of the control bus so as to implement the planning

  cation and management of different accesses, as is

  required by the operations. In accordance with the present invention

  The interrupt control apparatus 31 processes seven (7) vectorized or directed priority interrupts.

  for the microprocessor 30, as will be explained hereinafter

  after, including an end of recording interruption (EOR) produced by the digital field system 10, Figure 1, to indicate the end of the collection cycle

  data and to trigger the operations of the next cycle.

  In general during the management of interrupts, a conservation of the state of the program is necessary and is easily performed by the microprocessor 30. Since the control device 31 is both vectorized

  and oriented from the point of view of priorities, he has the responsibility

  to send vectorized interrupts to the micropro-

  30, to identify the nature of the interruption (or its branch address) and to prioritize

  interruptions in competition. In particular when managing

  the end of recording EOR interrupt, the steps

12 2487080

  or operating phases illustrated in FIGS. 9B and 9D

  are executed to perform an automatic update.

  network and source geometry to perform the subsequent data collection, based in part on terrain geometry algorithms and contained in sets of equations I, II,

  III or IV presented below in the description.

  Figure 4 illustrates the nature of the data

  encoders 26 and display devices 27.

  The operator initially calibrates the positions of the

  bucket of exploration and source with geographical positions previously explored. The information has already been coded via encoders 26 in order to

  to be used by the microcomputer 25 before the operations

  rations do not begin. The coded data present at

  Encoders 26 include: (i) the position of the truck (vis-à-vis prospecting point posts having a known geographic position) encoded at the coder sub-element 40;

  (ii) the position of the "slave" truck (where

  ant) encoded using the sub-element 41 of the encoder; (iii) the position of the reference station (where the end of the network or device is initially positioned) encoded through a coding sub-element 42; (iv) the initial position of the energy source, coded using the sub-element 43 of the encoder; (v) the number of shots or sweeps coded in sub-element 44;

  (vi) the initial position of an interval,

born in sub-element 45;

  (vii) interval spacing, coded using

  coding sub-element 46; and (viii) the increment in advance over an interval, coded

using sub-element 47.

  The operator also has initial responsibility for coding other data that, for the most part, do not vary during the survey. In this respect, the operator may only have to code depth and height at the beginning.

13 24870O0

  of a shot (at the level of the sub-elements 48 and 49), the direction and the offset of the shots (at the level of the sub-elements 50 and 51) as well as the data associated with the device, from the point of view of its direction (at level of sub-element 52) and from the point of view of distance between groups (at the level of

sub-element 53).

  Switch networks generally denoted by references 54 and 55 are also set by the operator. The data provided by these switch networks relates to two or three possible states of the switches 56-66, which relate, for example, to the type of switch. the prospecting and the conditions of unfolding intervening a

  once the prospecting is in progress.

  In this regard, it is indicated that the functions of

  The switches 56 are as follows: the switch 56 specifies the direction of the prospecting line; the switch 57 specifies the class of the truck, that is to say, it determines whether the reference truck is the "master" or ("the slave")

  in connection with another truck; the specific switch 58

  operations in either a sequential or

  parallel, the mode being associated with the fact that one or two

  Seismograph pails are used in line or in parallel

  the with the corresponding line of the source; commutations

  pushbutton 59 and 60 relate to functions

  start and reset the alarm the switch 59 naturally triggers the operations after the entire synchronization has been obtained the switch 60 disconnects the audible alarm in the case o

  a signal of some importance has been produced and

  also evoked an actuation of the alarm; the transmit switch 61 "triggers" the power source and acts only after the operator has verified the correct status of the network and source positions, as displayed on the display devices 27; the switches 62 and 63 relate to (i) the "trip" connection associated with the actuation of the source (wired electrical line or radio transmission) and (ii) whether or not the advance switch 22 (FIG. in an active or passive state. The three-position switch 64 determines whether or not the operation is to be manual, automatic or performed according to the test mode; the update switch 65 acts only when the switch 64 is in the manual mode and is used (in manual mode) to trigger advances of the advance switch so as to produce new ground positions for the network after the completion of the registration cycle; and the switch 66 is a

  conventional on-off switch.

  The display devices 27 may be

  segmented conventional electronic diode display devices

  luminescent, except that they are controlled by a micro-

  computer. The main purposes of the display devices 27 are to provide data to the operator so that it can make determinations as to whether the system is operating correctly or not, and to allow the operator to act in the same manner as the operator. 'an independent counter-verifier verifying the correct state of the ground positions

  displayed. The data present on the display devices

  Most of them concern the type of operation

  underway and the prospecting conditions.

  In this regard, it will be noted that the nature of the display devices 27 is as follows: the display devices and 71 indicate the position of the shots and the number of shots per location, the display devices 72-75 are relative to the positions geographic network of the active network as a function of time; the display device 76 specifies

  the position of the slave reference; the display device

  state chase 77 specifies (by means of a code) the appearance

  certain activities occurring during the course of

  during an exploration and which may be accompanied by an acoustic alarm to indicate the immediate need for operator intervention, the meaning of the code

  in the display device 77 being such that

  shown below in Table I.

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TABLE I

  Code Activity 0 Assembly for the operation of

starting sequences.

1 Geometric error.

  2 Ready for update or update in progress (in case you are in

in the automatic mode).

  3 Move the feed switch.

  4 Advance switch (in the stopped position). Invalid advance switch.

  6 Slave reference code received.

  7 Emission reference error (the code

  slave reference is not received).

  8 Load reference output at the level

shift register.

  9 Emission (a bit of the reference code).

  A Error setting the interval.

D Intervention of the last shot.

  1x Sound signal emitter connected with the displayed status with regard to the code

0, 1, ... 9, A, D, alone.

  53 Increasing phase of the advance switch with sound signal connection

and code "3".

  93 Decrease phase of the advance switch with sound signal connection

and code "3".

  Explanation for Table I: The status code "0" appears each time the controller 20 is powered up to signal to the operator that all input data at the encoders 26 must now be set. The sequence start button 59 stops the information operation of the operator; the status code

16 2487080

  "D" indicates that the last firing position is the current position and therefore the position of the truck and the connecting station with respect to the network must be modified; status codes "3" ,, "41", "5" and "53" and "93" indicate certain switch activities

  beforehand. If there are any errors in the activity of

  programmed programming, warning codes are also

  issued by status codes "1" and "7".

OPERATING SEQUENCE

  It is assumed that the operator initially calibrated the start positions of the network and the source with the

  Prospected locations. As mentioned above,

  4, this results in encoding of the position data via the encoders 26.

  in connection with the correct setting of the communication networks

  54, 55. As a result, the corresponding shot, scanning device or network, and associated data appear on the display devices 27 as a result of the data link interaction established by the operation of the microcomputer 25. In order to better understand how the present invention uses all the data, it is necessary to give a brief overview of all the hardware of the microprocessor 30.

  is presented below in connection with FIG.

  It should be noted initially that the microprocessor 30 is preferably constituted by a microprocessor well known in the trade under the name of Intel 8085, manufactured by the so-called Intel Inc. Incorp., Cupertino, California, United States of America. As is well known, this unit has a built-in microprocessor and controller

  on a single chip or chip. It also includes

  a set of registers 82 connected to an arithmetic logic unit 83 via an internal data bus 84 controlled via a control unit 85. The program counter 86 and

  the instruction register 87 have special uses

  Sees; other registers, such as accumula-

  88, have more general uses. In the micro-

  Intel 8085 processor, we can get functions

17 2487080

  control ranges since the eight (8) least significant address bits can be multiplexed. A

  such an operation occurs at the beginning of each cycle of

  constructions; the transmission lines of the eight-bit low-weight addresses are indicated by means of the line

  ALE 89 to ensure the control of the different elements

  parts of the assembly, including encoders 26, display devices 27 and printer 35 via the

  network of input / output interfaces 34 of FIG. 6.

  As shown in FIG. 6, although the input / output network 34 is conventional, it must

  to be able to process a series of addressable codes of

  independent 8-bit version. For this purpose it includes

  a set of input / output access chips

  8-bit independently addressable via the medium

  re of the ALE line 89, FIG. 5, of the microprocessor 30.

  Each 8-bit input / output access chip is preferably constituted by an 8-bit flip-flop combined with a tri-state output buffer, wherein

  each state can be ordered separately. When deter-

  data location via the intermediary

  of the address decoder 38, the microprocessor 30 must also

  manipulate the data using geometric relationships.

  known data, in which coded position data can be transmitted as required, in

function of several factors.

  It is assumed that the survey has just begun

  and the operator has encoded all relevant data via the encoders 26. Similarly, the switch arrays 54, 55 have been correctly set. At the beginning

  control and reference position data from

  Encoders 26 (and switch arrays) are introduced into the microprocessor 30. The microprocessor then performs the required manipulation or processing of these data to define interesting spatial geometries of the network and the source, as illustrated. in Figures 9A and 9C. Such manipulation

  includes the execution of the associated operating phases

  the basic subroutine for powering up the

18 -2487080

  Fig. 9A and the sequence start routine of Fig. 9B, including sending the calculated data to the display devices 27 for their careful examination by the operator.

  DATA PROVISIONS ON DEVICES

DISPLAY 27

  The values of the data appearing on the dis-

  Positive release devices 27 of Figure 4 naturally depend on

  the use of certain sets of equations

  geometries, namely sets I, II, III and IV indi-

  hereinafter and stored in the microprocessor 30 and used selectively by the control apparatus 20

when required.

  SET I OF SEQUENCE STARTING EQUATIONS

  It is assumed that both the numbers of ground positions and the numbers of the data channels increase the

  along the line of seismic prospecting according to the direc-

  of the arrow 18 and that consequently the following set of equations for the control of the operations:

(1) RLSP = REF-NP-TR

(2) END 1 = REF

(3) END 2 = REF + GPNO + K-1

If GPNO = O

(4) GAP 1 = O

(5) GAP 2 = O

If GPNO> O

(4) GAP 1 = REF + GPLOC-1

(5) GAP 2 = REF + GPLOC + GPNO

(6) ROOM = TR-REF-GPNO + 1.

  Table II shown below defines the

  used above in conjunction with equation set I.

0 - from O, - *, f - -

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TABLE II

  Rating Definition SHLO Position of energy sources.

  SHNO Numbers of energy sources.

  REF Location of the reference detector.

  ROOM Number of available feed switch positions for feed advance

network or active device.

  TR Ground reference for the recorder position. PNO Number of seismograph groups

in the meantime.

GPLOC Location of the interval.

  K Number of data channels in the recording system

(24, 48, 60, 96, 120, etc.).

  END 1 Ground position of the seismograph group connected via the feed switch to the first data channel of the recorder. END 2 Ground position of the K-th data channel.

  GAP 1 Ground position of the data channel

  below the INTERVAL on the first

side of the data channel.

  GAP 2 Ground position of the data channel

  above L'INTERVALLE in the direction of

K-th channel.

  RLSP Position of the feed switch required for a desired position in the network or

active device.

  NP Number of advance switch positions available minus 1. (N-1). The advance switch must be consistent

for K + N inputs and K outputs.

  TABLE II (cont'd) Note that the signs (+) and (-) of each homer of ground positions (GL) denote its relation to the direction of the advance of the network; the detector of

  reference and the sign of the number of channels also depend on

  the reference state of the network. If the latter is equal to 1, the number CH is positive. If it's not the case,

the sign is negative.

  SET II OF SEQUENCE STARTING EQUATIONS

  The number of ground positions increasing,

  as the numbers of the channels decrease, we use the

  appears next of equations: RLSP = r

END 1 = I

END 2 = I

GPNO = O

GAP 1 = O

GAP 2 = 0

GPNO> 0

GAP 1 =!

PR-REF-GPNO + 1

REF + GPNO + K-1

REF

END-1-GPLOC-1

  Rating Definition GL (+) Numbers of ground positions along

  the seismic survey line increases

  both numerically according to the direction in which the active seismograph network is advanced in each sequence

successive recordings.

  GL (-) Numbers of ground positions decreasing numerically according to the direction in

  which active network is advanced.

  CH (+) Decanal numbers of seismic data increasing (from 1 to K) numerically along the active network following the direction

  in which this active network is advanced.

  CH (-) Number of seismic data channels

  decreasing numerically (from K to 1)

  the direction in which the network

active is advanced.

(1) (2) (3) If (4) (5) If (4)

(5) GAP 2 =

(6) ROOM =

END 1-GPLOC-GPNO

TR-REF-GPNO.

  SET III OF SEQUENCE STARTING EQUATIONS

  The numbers of ground positions decreasing so numbers of channels increase, we use the set of equations: (1) (2) (3) Si (4) (5) Si (4) (5) (6)

RLSP = TR + NP-REF

END 1 = REF

END 2 = REF- (K-1) -GPNO

GPNO = O

GAP 1 = O

GAP 2 = O

GPNO> O

GAP 1 = REF-GPOC-1

GAP 2 = REF-GPLOC-GPNO

ROOM = REF-TR-GPNO + 1.

  IV SET OF SEQUENCE STARTING EQUATIONS

  Since the numbers of ground positions and the numbers of the channels both decrease, the following set of equations is used: (1) (2) (3) Si (4) (5) Si (4) (5) 6)

RLSP = REF-TR-GPNO + 1

END 1 = REF- (K-1) -GPNO

END 2 = REF

GPNO = O

GAP 1 = 0

GAP 2 = O

GPNO> O

GAP 1 = END 1 + GPLOC-1

GAP 2 = END 1 + GPLOC + GPNO

* ROOM = REF-TR-GPNO.

  Following these operations, the operator examines

  the data on display devices

  27 and on the coders 26. If they are correct, he

  the trigger switch 61 (FIG. 4) so that the following

22 2487080

  ultimately causes the actuation of the energy source 16 (Figure 1). But before this can happen,

  produces a transfer of all relevant header data

  the digital recorder in the field 21, as illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 10.

  FIG. 10, that after the operator has actuated the

  trigger 61, the digital system on the

  DFS 10 sends a series of commands to record

  21, which executes them in the manner shown. It is-

  that is, the tape drive of the tape recorder

  The recorder 21 first accelerates the tape past the recording head until a nominal operating speed is achieved. Then the header data

  are recorded on the tape during the inter-

  time T1-T2. Note that in T2, the data associated with

  given to the encoders 26 and the display devices 27

  The selected elements are then transferred in the manner described in FIG. 8, on which the input / output network 34 validates the "selected" elements indicated above.

  to transmit the associated data. That is,

  say that the network 34 is able to validate the display devices 7073 and the coders 48-53 so that the data can be transferred via the bus

  and the interface 81 for transmitting data from

  Header to the recorder 21. An address multiplexer 78 is used to conventionally produce the required format in advance. As a result, the annotation of the positions of the detector array and the associated source (-the data

  seismic data collected later, is guaranteed (note.

  in FIG. 9E that the operating mode of the apparatus

  control 20 is inhibited during the recording of the data.

  born of header. Therefore, if there is a modification,

  inadvertently, the condition of the

  during the recording of the data, it does not affect

not the operations).

  It should be noted that the address multiplexer 78 sets

  preferably in data format using

  standards adopted by the Sub-Committee on the Technical Standardization of Bands Formats, as illustrated in

23 2487080

Figure 7.

  DISPOSITION OF DATA AT THE RECORDER LEVEL 21

  As shown in Fig. 7, the header segment 79 has 2x2 network dimensions, which include sixty-four (64) bytes of a value of nine (9) characters. The organization of each byte includes two segments in decimal -coded -binary 4-bit DCB used to indicate

  the direction of the line, the interval of the groups, the

  firing, firing offset, offset direction, load value, shot position, number of shots, truck position, position of the shot

  group, the locations of the groups at

  and the associated data channel, in the order shown.

  Therefore this ensures proper documentation of the detector array locations and the source for annotation purposes. The legends of the flowcharts of FIGS. 9A to 9E are as follows: FIG. 9A denotes the subroutine at A;

  in B, the setting of the initial conditions

  the; disconnecting the sound signal generator, the display device, etc .; setting the interrupt controller; printing initial work tag data; reading the input data on the front panel; in C, there is a waiting interrupt, and in D an output to the management routines of

interruptions (ISR).

  In FIG. 9A, at the end of

  recording program and in B a direct jump to the ISR 4

  if the automatic update mode is present.

  In FIG. 9C, reference is made in A to the determination of the network geometry progression algorithm, in B to the calculation, display and printing of the firing and network geometry, as well as to the adjustment of the geometry of the network. data and

in C, an interruption of waiting.

  FIG. 9D denotes the introduction of control parameters at A, the update of the firing and network geometry, the output of the geometry data to the printer and the setting for the tape recording,

  and B denotes a waiting interrupt.

  In Fig. 9E, A denotes an inhibition of the operation of the controller so that the data to be recorded in the tape header will not be changed when the data is recorded on

the band.

  It will be understood that the present invention does not relate to

  not just specific embodiments

  indicated above, but includes all the modifications

  tions and variants which are obvious to the specialists

techniques.

2487080

Claims (19)

  1. Method for calculating, memorizing and recording   position data associated with a digital exploration system during the production and collection of seismic data by a network   souroe (16) and detectors (13) arranged in   known along a prospecting line (17), the position data being produced in the form of bits   of digital data stored in a micro-system.   computer (25) having a microprocessor (30), memories (32, 33) and a series of display devices /   storage (26, 27) and switching (54, 55) intercon-   connected to each other and to a digital field system (DFS, 10) via a system transmission bus (28), thereby   errors in the exploration activities and a self-adjunct   of a census of exploration activities, as it consists   (a) to put in a digital format, through the   of the microcomputer system (25), the parameters   geometry and exploration of the network that allows   sequentially identify the activities of exploration of the prospecting line (17), (b) to be displayed automatically at the display / storage (26, 27) and switching (54, 55 ) of the system at least some of the   data from the operating phase (a) in alphanumeric form   only for the purpose of examination and correction by the operator, if necessary, and (c) to automatically record the part of the data obtained in the operational phase (a) in the form of to carry out a census   exploration activities, which leads to the discovery of   and to take into account errors in such activities. exploration.   2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in   what the operational phase (c) includes the application of   time synchronization and tripping   display / storage (26, 27) and switching devices   tion (54, 55), which allows systematic access to data   memory and a systematic recording of these   data in the form of header data.   Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating phase (c) is triggered by activation of a trip sequence control switch,   which allows the excitation of a recording unit to be   (21) of the digital system in the field (DFS, 10),   and once production is stabilized, data from   head are recorded to provide a census said activities.   4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the activation of the trip switch also ensures the subsequent activation of a seismic source (16) of the source assembly (16) -detectors (13), which has effect that the produced waves propagate through a   field formation below the source network (16) -   detectors (13) and are also recorded after   by the detectors (13) of the network, by the unit of   Digital Field System (DFS) recording (21). 5. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the recording unit (21) has the data   in an appropriate format including the recorded information   associated with the position of a recording truck (11) along the prospecting line (17), the reference position of the grating (13), the position of the shots along the line (17), the position of intervals along   of this line, the number of intervals, the number of   these, the number of shots, the final position of the network (13)   and the number of channel recorders (K).   6. Method for calculating, memorizing and recording   of position data associated with a digital exploration system during production and   collection of seismic data by a source assembly (16) -   detectors (13) disposed at known locations along a survey line (17) at the soil surface (14), the position data being produced in the form of   bits of digital data in a micro-system 27 2487080   computer (25) having a microprocessor (MPU 30), memories (32, 33) and a set of display devices /   interconnection (26, 27) and switching (54, 55)   to each other and to a digital field system (DFS, 10) via a system transmission bus (28), thereby significantly reducing errors in the exploration activity. both the prior activation and the subsequent suppression of the energy coming from the source (16), characterized in that it consists of (a) automatic coding and memorizing   additional numerical data concerning the parameters   meters of the network geometry (13) and the exploration parameters, which allow a sequential repetition of activities along the prospecting line (17), (b) to automatically display at least part of the data coded under alphanumeric form for operator examination and correction, if necessary,   (c) to produce automatically through the medium of   of the microprocessor system (30) additional data   parameters relating to the network parameters based in part on the data encoded at the operating phase (a) and previously stored data and concerning the exploration parameters,   (d) to be displayed at the level of the display devices   displaying (26, 27) and switching (54, 55) said microcomputer system (25) at least a portion of the   new network parameters (13) obtained in the operational phase   (c) for the purposes of examination by the operator and   where necessary, and (e) to automatically record portions of the displayed data obtained at (b) and / or (d) in the form of header data so as to obtain a complete exploration activities, which makes it possible to locate and take into account the   errors occurring during such activities.   7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in   what the operational phase (c) is triggered by the activation 28 2487080   a sequential trigger control switch   This has the effect of exciting the field digital recording unit (21) (DFS, 10) and, once the operation is stabilized, the header data is recorded to provide a census of say activities.   8. Process according to claim 7, characterized in   the activation of the trigger switch   also the subsequent activation of a seismic source   (16) of the source assembly (16) -detectors (13), which causes   the propagation of waves produced through a formation of ground below the source (16) -detectors (13)   and also a recording of said waves, after detecting   by the network (13), by the recording unit (21)   digital system in the field (DFS, 10).   9. Ground position control apparatus for manipulating, calculating, storing, displaying and triggering position data record associated with a digital exploration system during the   production and collection of seismic data by a   seems to be source (16) -detectors (13) occupying   known along a survey line (17) of the   floor area (14), which allows a substantial reduction in   carrying the errors during the scanning activity - both pre-activation and subsequent release of energy from the source (16) -, said position data being produced as data bits   using a micro-system   computer (25) having a microprocessor (MPU, 30),   memories (32, 33) and a series of display devices   interlocking (26, 27) and switching (54, 55)   connected to each other and to a digital field system (DFS, 10) via a system transmission bus (28), characterized in that the display / storage devices (26, 27) and switching (54, 55)   include separate means of coding allowing coding   automatic digital data associated with the parameters   the geometry of the network and the parameters of   which allow a sequential repetition of activities   along the survey line (17), separate display means allowing the automatic display of   least part of the coded data in alphanumeric form.   only for review purposes. by the operator and for correction purposes, if necessary, before activation   the source (16), and separate sequential control means   switch, connected to the microcomputer   25) and to the digital system (DFS, 10) to trigger, on command, an operation signal leading (i) to the recording of portions of the encoded and displayed data on a magnetic tape in a recording unit   (21) of the digital system in the field (DFS, 10), and later   (ii) activating a seismic source (16) of the array (1613), the data displayed at the separate display means being automatically generated   by the microcomputer system (25) using data   associated with the network parameters based in part on   coded data on previously stored data.   associated with the exploration parameters and on the parameters   meters obtained from the network, which allows for   significant errors in the exploration activities, the recorded data being associated with   positions of the source (16) and the network (13) by   port at known geographical positions along the prospecting line (17).   10. Control device according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises in addition means   synchronization links connected by the inter-   of the system transmission bus (28) to the separate means of sequential switching control of the sets of the display / storage (26,27) and switching devices (54,55), whereby, assuming that the data displayed in FIG. level of separate means of display   have the approval of the operator, a trigger command   This is done for the transmission of this data to the digital system (DFS, 10), which allows the recording of the portions of the data coded and displayed as header data at the level of the recording unit.   (21) digital system in the field (DFS, 10).   11. Control device according to claim 9, characterized in that an end of recording signal is produced by the digital field system (DFS, 10) for the microprocessor (30) after recording the reflected waves at the level of the recording unit (21),   whereby the microprocessor (30) recalculates the parameters   following position of the network (13) and the source   (16), for approval by the operator, and   that the display of such parameters for examination purposes   by the operator, on the separate means of display.   12. Method of calculating, memorizing and displaying   position data, associated with a system of explora-   during the production and collection of data.   generated at known locations along a prospecting line (17) at the soil surface (14), wherein the position data is produced in the form of a source assembly (16) -detectors (13)   of digital data bits in a microordinate system   (25) having a microprocessor (MPU 30), memories   res (32, 33) and a plurality of display / storage devices (26, 27) interconnected with one another and   to a digital system in the field (DFS, 10) through   a transmission bus (28) of the system, which allows a significant reduction of errors in the activity of exploration - both prior activation and release   energy from the source (16) -   in that it consists of: (a) automatically coding and storing   additional numerical data associated with   very much of the network geometry (13) and exploration parameters which allow a sequential repetition of activities along the prospecting line (17), (b) to automatically display at least a part of the alphanumeric coded data Has   for examination by the operator and for the purpose of if necessary,   (c) to produce automatically through   of the microcomputer system (25), additional data associated with the network parameters (13) and 31 2487080   based on some of the coded data at the level of the   phase (a) and on previously stored data.   associated with exploration parameters, and   (d) to be displayed at the level of the display devices   caching / storing (26, 27) of the microcomputer system (25) at least a portion of the new network parameters obtained during the operation phase (c) for operator examination and for correction purposes , if necessary, which makes it possible to significantly reduce errors in the extractive activities,   before activation of the source (16) of the set (16-13).   13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the operating phase (a) comprises coding the positions of the source (16) and the network (13) with respect to the known geographical positions along the line of   prospecting (17) in the form of digital data bits.   in the truck (11) containing the micro- computer (25).   Method according to claim 12, characterized in that it includes the additional operating phases consisting of (i) assuming that the displayed data of the   phases (b) and (d) have the approval of the opera-   to transmit a trigger command to the digital system in the field (DFS, 10), which results in seismic waves being produced by the source (16) and propagating through a terrain formation, while reflections of these transmitted waves are detected by the detector array (13), operation   which is followed finally by a registration of the indica-   provided by the received waves at a recording unit (21) of the digital system (DFS, 10), (ii) in response to a command signal sent, to recalculate the parameters of subsequent positions of the network (13). ) and the source (16), for approval by the operator, using the microprocessor (MPU 30) of the microcomputer system (25), (iii) displaying the parameters obtained during the operating phase (ii) for review by 32 2487080   the operator. 15. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the operating phase (b) includes displays   alphanumeric data of positions at the level of   display / storage systems (26, 27>, so as to describe the position of the truck (11) along the survey line (17), the reference position of the network (13), the firing position along line (17), the position of the intervals along that line and the number of intervals and the number of advances.   16. Standing position control device   manipulating, calculating, memorizing and displaying   expensive position data associated with a system   digital exploration during production and collection.   of seismic data by a source array (16) of a detector array (13) occupying known locations along a survey line (17) at the ground surface (14), thereby significantly reducing errors in the exploration activity - both pre-activation and subsequent release of energy from the source (16) -, the position data being produced in the form of digital data bits, and of the type having a microcomputer system (25) including a microprocessor (MPU 30), memories (32, 33) and a series   display / storage devices (26, 27) intercon-   connected to each other and to a digital field system (DFS, 10) via a bus (28).   transmission of the system, characterized in that the   display and storage devices (26, 27) comprise separate coding means for automatically coding the digital data associated with the parameters of the geometry   the network (13) and the exploration parameters and   put sequential repetition of activities along   the prospecting line (17) and the display devices   separate display allowing the automatic display of at least a portion of the data coded in alpha-numeric form to   for review by the operator and for the purpose of   if necessary, said data displayed at the separate display means being automatically generated via the microcomputer system (25) using data associated with the network parameters (13) and based in part on coded data ,   previously stored data and associated with the parameters   exploration and new network product parameters (13), which significantly reduces   errors in exploration activities.   17. Control device according to claim 16, characterized in that the separate coding means comprise partial coding elements (41) making it possible to code, in the form of digital data bits, the positions of the truck (11), the source (16) and the network (13) with respect to known geographical positions along from the prospecting line (17).   18. Control apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that it further comprises means for   synchronization link, connected to the transmission bus (28)   system mission, whereby, assuming that the data displayed at the separate display device has the approval of the operator, a trigger command is produced for the data transmission to the digital system in the field (DFS , 10), which causes the generation of seismic waves by the source (16) and their propagation through a field formation, whereas the reflections of the transmitted waves are detected by the detector array (13), which detection is finally followed by the recording of the wave indications received at the recording unit (21) of the digital system (DFS, 10).   19. Control device according to claim 18, characterized in that the digital system on the   field (DFS, 10) sends a control signal to the micro-   processor (MPU 30) once the received waves have been   stored in the registration unit (21), which allows   causes the microprocessor (MPU 30) to recalculate the following positional parameters of the network (13) and the source (16)   for approval by the operator, and causes the   setting of parameters for the purposes of examination by the operator,   on the separate display means.