FR2480416A1 - DEVICE FOR USING SOLAR RAYS AS ENERGY SOURCE - Google Patents

Abstract

DEVICE FOR USING SOLAR RAYS AS A SOURCE OF ENERGY. IT INCLUDES AT LEAST ONE BODY 2 FORMING A VOLUME ZONE OR ARRIVE SOLAR RAYS REFLECTED BY A REFLECTOR 1. APPLICATION TO SOLAR SENSORS.

Description

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  The invention relates to a device and a method for

  use the sun's rays as a source of energy.

  While solar radiation could largely cover the entire energy needs of the earth's population, the technical expense - solar mirrors, solar-powered motors, heat traps - has not been acceptable until now, even in sunny countries despite the help or encouragement provided by the various nations (see Brockhaus 1968, volume 5, page 13, column

from right down).

  The solar mirror (solar oven) captures the sun's rays using a mobile mirror, directs them on a mirror

  hollow and the rays are concentrated at a point where they

  give temperatures of up to 3000C. Solar-powered engines and heat traps operate from

analogous way.

  The object of the invention is to provide a device that fully captures solar energy without great technical or financial expenditure and that is usable for all energy fields without the need for significant modifications, in order to use the device of the invention to

  where you need energy

  This object is achieved according to the invention by means of a device for the use of solar rays as a source of energy, characterized by at least one body forming a zone with length and / or diameter (volume zone) o reach (bounce) reflected solar rays (beams of rays) which, bundled together (concentrated) in this area by a reflective material, are deflected (reflected), and that the reflecting material is grouped (arranged) around the body ( absorbing sunlight), preferably symmetrically and at an angle

acute (referred to the median axis).

  The device according to the invention is also characterized by a control means known per se that constantly aligns the reflector accurately, with its central axis towards the sun (the reflector is mounted for example to pivot and moves with the sun) and that the reflector is a cone, truncated cone, pyramid or the analog consisting of a reflective material or coated on the outside 2 24a0416 of a reflective material, and that it is surrounded at least

partially by a body.

  The invention also provides a method for using solar rays as a source of energy, characterized by a solid, liquid or gaseous fluid (eg water, fuel oil, gas, etc.) that is transported

through the volume zone.

  The invention will be well understood on reading the

  detailed description, given below as an example

  only, embodiments shown schematically

  FIG. 1 schematically represents the basic principle using a reflector according to the invention; - Figure 2 corresponds to Figure 1, the path of the rays there being illustrated; FIG. 3 shows the principle of the invention illustrated with the aid of a reflector having an opening angle of 900; Figure 4 corresponds to Figure 3, however, practical use is shown in detail; FIG. 5 shows an example of use with a reflector having an opening angle greater than 900; FIG. 6 corresponds to FIG. 5; it emphasizes the advantage over practical use; - Figure 7 corresponds to Figure 5, but the opening angle is less than 900; - Figure 8 corresponds to Figure 6, however the opening angle is less than 90; - Figure 9 shows how a reflector-here a cone- can be divided into cone frustums and a small cone; and - Figure 10 explains once again the principle, however, by inverting relations, the reflector being

  disposed within a body.

  Figure 1 shows the principle of the invention.

  The reflector 1 here has the shape of a funnel and the inner surface is catoptric. All reflective materials can be used; the reflector can be realized

  as a whole in this matter or simply

  dressed. It is also possible to use a non

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  reflective and provide the inner surface of the reflector

  1 of a suitable color, coating or the like.

  In the axial direction of the reflector 1 is provided a bar or a tube 2; this tube 2 can be-for example in dark or black metal, for example with an absorbing surface, that is to say which retains the heat released by the radii

solar who hit it.

  The system of the invention consists in that each solar ray that arrives parallel to the axis of the cone on the catoptric inner surface is reflected and hits the bar or the tube 2, which heats the latter. The disposition

  Reflector 1 must be designed appropriately.

  Figure 2 shows the principle that the rays reflected in the reflector 1 are deflected centrally inwards. In this case, the opening angle 3 of the

  Reflector 1 can have various values.

  Figures 3 and 4 schematically represent reflectors la. Figure 3 schematically shows, for two examples, the path of the rays and in this case, the reflector has the shape of a truncated cone. The Rays

  arrive at a right angle on the central axis 4.

  Figure 4 is a similar figure. The body 5 is reached perpendicularly by the reflected rays; its diameter must be of such length that no reflected rays are lost. Its length therefore corresponds at least to the height of the truncated cone la. We can choose the diameter in a different way. When, for example, it is necessary to heat circulating water (in this case it is necessary to associate a pump or the like), a small diameter is chosen when it is desired to reach very high temperatures, and a larger diameter when the water must have a lower temperature. The temperature of the water would, of course, also be

  according to the speed of circulation.

  FIGS. 5 and 6 show how the rays are reflected when the angle of opening of the reflector 1b is greater than 900, the principle of the reflection of the rays being shown in FIG. 5. The body 6 is thus placed here more high (see Figure 6); it protrudes above the outer edge of the reflector 1b. The rays strike at an acute angle. If the body 6 was not arranged in coincidence with

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  the central axis 7, but for example if it was inclined, the energy uptake would be lower, because the intensity of the rays would also be lower. But it is understood that one could also use a body 6 of conical shape, for example. FIG. 7 shows the principle situation (ray path) when the opening angle is less than 900 and FIG. 8 shows the disposition of a body 8. In this example, the reflector 1c is represented in the form of a trunk of cone and the body 8 is below the truncated cone,

  so almost in the tip if we continue the cone.

  The intensity of the reflection and therefore of the

  they can be produced at the same time as the catoptric surface increases. Referring to FIG. 1, this would mean that the intensity of the heating increases from bottom to top, hence from point 9 to point 10. To obtain uniform heating of the fluid chosen in a body 8,

  it would be better not to give this body a cylindrical form.

  for example, but a cone-like shape, as shown in-dashes in Figure 1 (body 2a sketched) If we divide in parallel planes a conical system like that shown in Figure 9, whatever or its size, one obtains a multiplicity of truncated cones, each of which is a "concentrated solar collector". The powers of the three truncated cones II to 13, for example, and cone 14 therefore differ significantly because of the difference

reflection surfaces.

  In this case (see FIG. 9), the body 15 can only abrade in the zone (thus be realized as an absorber), where it is reached by the rays and where the transformation of the solar rays into heat takes place. The simplest embodiment of an absorber is that, for example, a tube is colored black in the area where the reflected rays reach it. The energy can be used for all uses, for example to heat water, oil, gases, to desalt seawater, to obtain electrical energy (vaporization / turbine), for transformations and chemical reactions, etc. The simplest application example is the use as heating and in this case it

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  should a heat accumulator; the system according to the invention is also suitable for cooking operations, etc. In Figure 10 is shown schematically the inverted system. Here, a conical (or partially conical) surface is coated on the outside (thus on the conical envelope) of a reflective material, or the reflector 18 itself is constituted by such a material. The solar rays are directed outwards and it is expected,

  either directly connected or remotely

  service, for example annular (body 19) which guides water, for example. The water is heated as previously described. Naturally, the intensity is not as strong here as when the rays are reflected back to the center. It can be seen in FIG. 10 that the annular body can then open into a tube 20 (for example) and that the reheated water can thus

to be evacuated.

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Claims (19)

  ]. Device for the use of solar rays as a source of energy, characterized by at least one body (2. 5. 6. 8, 15) forming an area with length and / or diameter o are reflected by reflected solar rays which , gathered in bundles in this area by a reflective material,   are deflected, and in that the reflective material is   around the body preferably symmetrically and within one   gle acute with respect to the median axis (4, 7).   2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the body is a hollow body, preferably elongated, of   round cross section, polygonal or oval.   3. Device according to any one of the claims   preceding, characterized in that the body (2,5,6,8,15) is a cylindrical or polygonal tube (2), a cone, a truncated cone or a pyramid.   4. Device according to any one of the claims   preceding, characterized in that the body (2, 5, 6, 8, 15).   is made of a material and / or is coated with a coating that absorbs be the heat.   5. Device according to any one of the claims   characterized in that the body (2, 5, 6, 8, 15) is made of a material, or is coated with a coating such that, on the side struck by the spokes, the heat is retained and that on the opposite side that is to say inside for a tube -, the heat is yielded.   6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the body (2, 5, 6, 8, 15) consists of at least two layers of matter.   7. Device according to any one of the claims   characterized in that the reflective material is, for example, mirror glass, polished metal such as aluminum or any other known material which reflects the solar rays.   8. Device according to any one of the claims   Previously characterized in that the reflective material is shaped according to at least one reflector (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) having, for example, the shape of a funnel, a pyramid, a cone, or a truncated cone. 7 24 8 416   9. Device according to any one of the claims   previous, characterized in that the reflector has an angle   opening between 200 and 1750.   10. Device according to any one of the claims   tions, characterized in that the route of the   reflector is at a variable distance from the central axis tral (4, 7).   11. Device according to any one of the claims   tions, characterized in that the lateral surface   the cone is curved, for example, convex or concave.   12. Device according to any one of the claims   tions, characterized in that the body is arranged eccentric in the reflector.   13. Device according to any one of the claims   tions, characterized in that the body is inclined   relative to the axis of the reflector.   14. Device according to any one of the claims   characterized by a body (2, 5, 6, 8, 15) disposed within the reflector (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d), which is embodied as an absorber only in the region of the radii reflect (16 to 19).   15. Device according to any one of the claims   previous, characterized in that the absorber is a tube   colored in black or dark or is made of a black matter.   Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the central axis (7) and the maximum opening angle of the   Reflector are oriented towards the sun.   17. Device according to any one of the claims   preceding, characterized by a control means which constantly aligns the reflector with its central axis (4, 7) towards the   sun, the reflector being mounted for example pivotally.   Device according to claim 1, characterized   in that the reflector (18) is a cone, truncated cone, pyra-   mide or the like constituted by a reflective material or externally coated with a reflective material, and that   is surrounded at least partially by a body (19).   19. A method for using solar rays as a source of energy, characterized by a solid, liquid or gaseous medium such as water, fuel oil, gas, etc.   is transported through the body (2, 5, 6, 8, 15, 19).