FR2472296A1 - Modular regulated power supply - uses regulator to control voltage applied to an inverter circuit to provide twin regulated supplies for electronic appts. - Google Patents

Abstract

The power supply comprises three modules: a voltage regulator for the incoming unregulated DC supply, a controlled inverter with rectified and filtered output, and a feedback circuit which controls the operation of the voltage regulator module in response to a combination of output voltage and voltage regulator current. The voltage regulator module uses either a series or shunt transistor regulator circuit with input and output filtering. The emitter-base junction of the regulating transistor is fed by a signal from the feedback circuit to regulate the DC voltage applied to the two transistor oscillator controlled inverter which generates an alternating current in the primary of a dual secondary transformer. Each secondary uses a centre tapped rectifier circuit with LC filtering to produce two regulated DC voltages which are monitored by the feedback circuit.

Description

 The present invention relates to the field of electronic power supplies of electronic systems it more particularly to a modular power supply sensing a great adaptability to different energy sources and different electronic systems users.

 A power supply of an electronic system constitutes the interface between an energy source which may be a network supplying a DC or AC voltage, of variable characteristics) and an electronic system using continuous voltages whose values can be very variable with systems, as well as the global powers required.

 Due to the diversity of energy sources and user systems, it is generally realized a power device adapted to each source-user system torque. In addition, in some cases, there are constraints on the presentation of the equipment, which may require the realization of several supply devices for the same source-system torque. These constraints lead to the multiplication of models and consequently to a high industrial cost.

The subject of the present invention is a feed device making it possible to avoid the drawbacks mentioned above: it is indeed capable, thanks to a modular structure, of being adapted to a larger number of energy sources or electronic systems different users: this modular structure allows to realize devices
feeding with the smallest possible number
different types of standardized modules.

More specifically, the system according to the invention
has three sets of circuits
a first set, connected to the energy source,
which comprises at least one filtering module, a transposition and regulation module and an energy reservoir, this assembly providing a voltage
pre-defined value, regulated, substantially continuous,
whatever the characteristics of the
energy source
a second set which receives the aforementioned voltage
dente, which comprises at least one inverter module and
one or more generator modules, and which provides
the voltages specific to the user systems
considered - - a third group comprising in particular a
oscillator and auxiliary circuits of comparai
sound and control, this set receiving signals
taken from different points of the previous system and
controlling in particular the transposition module and the inverter module.

Other objects, features and results
of the invention will emerge from the following description,
given by way of non-limiting example and illustrated
by the attached drawings, which represent
- Figure 1, the general diagram of the device according to the invention
- Figure 2, a partial diagram illustrating the implementation
parallel of a number of modules of the previous figure
FIG. 5, a to c, diagrams of the filtering module
of the device of Figure I
FIG. 4, a and b, diagrams of the transposition module of the device of FIG. 1; FIG. 5, the diagrams of the inverter and generator modules used in the device according to the invention; FIG. 6, the control circuit of FIG. transposition module used in the device according to the invention.

 In these different figures, the same references refer to the same elements.

 FIG. 1 therefore represents the general diagram of the device according to the invention.

 This device comprises three sets of circuits - a first set, marked 1, which receives a voltage VE, supplied by an external energy source and which can be continuous (and equal to 24.28 or 48 volts, for example) or alternatively ( from 50 to 400 Hertz, for example), single-phase or three-phase, whose nominal amplitude can vary from 115 volts to 220 volts.This assembly provides at a point  a voltage VA of a predefined value, substantially continuous and regulated, independent of a second assembly (2) which converts this voltage VA into a signal U having the characteristics required by the user electronic system; a third assembly (3) which comprises auxiliary control and comparison circuits, which receives signals; taken at different points of the system, that is to say the signal VE, the signal U, the signal VA in particular, and which controls each of the two previous sets.

The assembly 1 comprises three modular circuits, which are quadrupoles connected in cascade. The first of them is a filter circuit It has for object the isolation of the voltage VE by the filtering of a certain number of parasitic signals, in particular of transient signals. the output signal of the filter is available at a point H where is connected a circuit 12 ensuring the recovery of this signal, its transposition to a certain preset voltage, by raising or lowering the voltage
VE, and finally the regulation of this voltage. The signal thus obtained, at a point marked I, is transmitted to a reservoir of energy 13 which allows a stabilization of the voltage at point A.

 The voltage at the point A (VA) is chosen so that it can be obtained regardless of the input voltage VE by only two types of interchangeable transposers 12: a step-up transverter circuit and a step-down transposer circuit. voltage, described later. The choice of this voltage results from a compromise between the extreme voltages commonly encountered for the input voltage VE, to facilitate standardization, as well as to facilitate the filtering and distribution of energy, also taking account of space considerations and cost. A preferred value for the VA voltage is about 75 volts.

The energy reservoir module 13 may advantageously be constituted by a capacitor of high value connected between the point F and the ground. it is intended to supplement the external power source when the voltage VE no longer has a value sufficient to guarantee the regulation of the intermediate voltage
GO
the converter unit 2 comprises two modular circuits, also constituted by quadrupoles connected in cascade: an inverter 21 and a generator 22. the inverter 21, connected to the point A, has the function of transforming the voltage VA into a periodic voltage . The generator 22, connected to the output
B of the inverter 21, has the function of delivering from a normalized input voltage (Vg) a user voltage U adapted to the needs.

 Auxiliary circuits 3 comprise in particular an oscillator, comparator circuits and control circuits; they receive in particular the input voltage VB, the voltage delivered by the inverter 21, the voltage U, the voltage VA and a certain number of external controls (arrow 30 in the figure) such as temperature control, control of the device startup, remote control, etc. These circuits control the transposition circuit 12 and provide synchronization of the inverter 21, as described below.

 FIG. 2 is a partial diagram of the device according to the invention, illustrating the paralleling of the circuits of FIG. 1, making it possible to obtain variable powers thanks to the modularity of the device.

In this figure, there is the voltage VE which is received for example by two filters 11a and 11b connected in parallel between the points E and H the filtered voltage is processed for example by three transposers, 12a, 12b and 12c, also connected in parallel between points H and J; these power the energy reservoir 13. At point A are for example always connected in parallel a number of inverters, marked 21a ... 21i. On point
B, it is possible either to connect a single generator 22 providing a high power utilization signal U, or several generators, two in the example of the figure, marked 22a and 22b, each providing a different signal (Ua, Ub) , specific to user electronics systems.

Regarding the energy reservoir module 13, in an embodiment variant not shown, it further comprises a module similar to the transposing modules 12, a resistor and a capacitor, connected in the following way: the capacitor is connected to the terminals of the module (H1 and H2 in FIG. 4), one of which (H1) is connected via a resistor to the point
A (marked A1 in FIG. 5) from which the voltage VA is taken; the output terminals of the module are connected to the point J, like those of the other modules 12.

 This very modular structure thus makes it possible to very easily increase the power of the output signals U, while facilitating the maintainability of the system.

 FIG. 3 a to c represents different diagrams of the filtering module used in the device of FIG.

FIG. 3a represents an elementary module, denoted F, having an input 41 and an output 42; between the terminals 41 and 42 is connected an inductance 1F between the terminal 41 and the ground is connected a capacitor CF1 and between the terminal 42 and the ground a second capacitor CF2
When the power source is a three-phase network comprising four channels, that is to say one for each phase and a neutral, there is an elementary module F on each of the channels.

 When the energy source is constituted by a single-phase network, four modules such as F are provided, two by two in series as shown in the diagram of FIG. 3b: as previously described, the filtering module is a quadrupole whose terminals input, receiving the voltage VE, are marked E1 and E2 and the output terminals, providing the voltage VH, are marked H1 and H2.

Two elementary modules F1 and F2, are connected in series between E1 and H1 and two other elementary modules, F3 and F4, are connected in series between
E2 and H2.

 The diagram of FIG. 3c represents the filter quadrupole in the case where the energy source is constituted by a continuous network. As before, the input terminals are marked Et and E2 and the output terminals of this module H1 and H2.

Four elementary modules are also used here, two of them (F5 and F6) being connected in parallel between the terminals E1 and H1, and the other two modules (F7 and F8) being also connected in parallel but between the terminals E2 and H2.

 FIG. 4, a and b, shows the transposition module 12 used in the device of FIG. 1, in the case of a voltage booster circuit (diagram a) and in the case of a voltage-reducing circuit (diagram b).

 The transposing module is a quadripole whose two input terminals are labeled H1 and H2 and the two output terminals J1 and J2. Between H1 and J1 are connected an inductance T1 and a diode D1 in series, their common point being denoted K1. Between the terminals H1 and H2 is connected an input capacitor C1; between the output terminals J1 and J2 is connected an output capacitance C2. Between the points K1 and H2 are connected in series an NPN transistor? 1, by its emitter and its collector and a resistor R1, the transistor T1 receiving on its base a control signal coming from the control unit 3, that it receives the indication of the current flowing between the transistor T and the resistor R1.

According to the most frequent values given above for the external power source, it appears that this adapter-elevator is intended to receive a continuous VH voltage. This module makes it possible to have the same characteristics of voltage in J, whatever the characteristics of the source network, apart from the considerations of breaking or weakening of the source, mentioned above. For this, the assembly 3 ensures the voltage rise regardless of the variation of the network on the one hand and that of the load of use on the other hand, by the variation of the conduction ratio T; of the transistor T1, l being the conduction width of the transistor and T0 the period of the signal S1 received on the basis of the transistor
T1 from the set 7.

 The operation of this circuit is as follows during the time H when the transistor 21 is saturated, the inductance 11 stores energy; when the transistor blocks, this energy is transmitted to the capacitor C2 via the energy recovery diode D1, connected in the direction from the inductance 11 to the terminal J1.

 The circuit illustrated in FIG. 4 corresponds to the case where the transposition module performs a lowering of voltage. In the usual cases of energy sources mentioned above, this case corresponds to a rectified AC voltage V, this rectification then being carried out in the filter module slightly modified with respect to the diagram of FIG. 3a, for example by the addition a diode connected in series to the input of the module F.

 In this case, there is connected between the input point H1 and the output terminal J1 successively the collector and the emitter of an NPN transistor T2, a resistor R2 and an inductance B2, two capacitors C3 and C4 are respectively connected between input terminals H1 and H2 and between output terminals J1 and J2; a diode D2 is connected between the terminal H2 and the point K2 common to the resistor R2 and the inductance Lui2. In a similar manner to the diagram of FIG. 4a, the transistor T2 is controlled by the set 3, via the signal S1 received on its base, and the assembly 3 receives the indication of the current between the transistor T2 and the resistor R2, the control of the regulation stepping in a similar way.

 FIG. 5 represents the diagram of the inverter and the generator used in the device according to the invention.

The inverter module has two input terminals A1 and A2 between which a capacitor C5 is connected; the point A1 is also connected to the common point of two windings B3 and B4 constituting the primary of a transformer T. The other two terminals of these windings are connected to respectively two transistors T3 and T mounted in
4 opposition, which are also connected to terminal A2; the transistors T3 and T4 are controlled via their base by a periodic signal supplied by the control unit 3.

 The secondary of the transformer T consists of at least two other windings 15 and L6 connected in series with two diodes connected to the same point M and mounted in opposition; at the point M is connected an inductance B9 and a capacitor C6, furthermore connected to the point N, common to the two windings L5 and L6; the operating voltage is available at the terminals of the capacitor C6, the current passing at the point common to the elements 19 and C6 being taken to control set 3.

 Between the points M and N, a pseudo-continuous voltage is obtained, that is to say having short-term zeros with respect to its non-zero value, which is moreover constant and a function of the transformation ratio of the transformer T. This voltage is thus filtered by a circuit for example of type 10 as shown in the figure (elements L9 and C6), to constitute the desired DC voltage U1.

 As shown in the figure, the secondary of the transformer T may comprise other windings such as B7 and B8 connected in series, their common point being marked N1, T7 and 18 being connected also, as previously L5 and B6 were at the diodes D3 and D4, with two diodes D5 and D6 connected to a common point M1 and mounted in opposition, a second utilization voltage U2 being available across a capacitor C7 connected between the point N1 and a terminal of a inductor T10 whose other terminal is connected to M1.

This arrangement has a number of advantages among which can be mentioned - a low static and dynamic impedance; - reduced filtering of the output voltage U - obtaining a multi-source power supply
(u1, U2 ...) space-saving by simple multiplica
secondary windings of the transforma
tor.

 FIG. 6 shows the control circuit of the transposition module (12 in FIG. 1), this circuit forming part of assembly 3 of FIG.

 This circuit mainly comprises an oscillator 31 providing a sawtooth signal S, a comparator 32 and an adder 33.

 The adder 33 receives on the one hand a current representing the output signal (U) of the generator 22 and, on the other hand, a current taken from the transposing module 12, at the level of the transistor T1 (Fig. 4a) or T2 (Fig. 4b) according to the circuit concerned, and possibly via a current amplifier (not shown). The signal SE resulting from the sum of the two preceding signals, constituting an error signal, is subtracted from the signal S by the comparator 32 in order to constitute the control signal S1 of the transistors T1 or 22.

 it should be noted that, when using the paralleling of the modules 12 as shown in Figure 2, the adder 33 is common to all modules. Because of this, since the error signal SE is common to several modules 12, self-balancing of the currents occurs without any phase condition between the modules.

Moreover, the current limitation in the transistor T1 (or T2) is ensured when the signal
SE reaches the level of sawtooth of signal S.

Still for the case where are connected several (n) transposing modules (12) in parallel, there is connected an oscillator 31 and a comparator 32 to each module 12, only the adder 33 remaining common to the various modules; the latter then furthermore comprises a synchronization input 34, making it possible to delay the signal S by a duration equal to To equal for all the modules. it is then possible to phase out the modules 12 of 2Y with respect to
n to the other, which has a number of advantages. This phase shift of 2 of one module relative to the other can be realized by an additional circuit, not shown, receiving the signal S (output 35 in FIG. 6), delaying it by a duration To n and transmitting it to input 34 of the next module.

 it should be noted that this phase-shifting process of the modules 12 with respect to one another can be implemented in the same way for the inverter and generator modules, using an oscillator and a delay element, when these modules are put in parallel.

 This has the advantage of not accumulating at the same time the calls to the energy reservoir module (13) from the various inverters, and allows in particular the quasi-constancy of the congestion of the filter module, regardless of its power.

 With regard to the control of the ONU module (21) by the circuit 3, as shown in FIG. 5 for the transistors T3 and T4, it is performed by circuits similar to those shown in FIG. 6, the signals coming from the module 12 and directed to it being replaced by those relating to module 21.

Finally, the device according to the invention also comprises a certain number of checks and servocontrollings customary in the supply systems, which are globally grouped together with the other control circuits of the device, in block 3 of FIG. are not described in detail here because made in a conventional manner. these include the control of the current overload at point B, during power up or during accidental short circuits in the user system for example; overvoltage control at point A; control of the voltage (on - or undervoltage or cutoff) of the energy source of the point
E; temperature controls, in particular oscillators; the operation of the device at startup.

 The feed device described above therefore has many advantages, among which we can cite - the neutralization of accidental cuts of the energy source, thanks to the energy reservoir module which is also likely to extend by capacitance or battery external to the module, which is particularly useful in the case where this source is a 50 or 60 Hz industrial network and the user system contains volatile memories - the applicability to many types of energy sources such as user systems - the diversity of presentations that can be made from modules that can be connected simply, in series and in parallel.

Claims (10)

claims 1. Modular power supply device for an electronic system, characterized in that it comprises - a first set (1), receiving a voltage (view) delivered by an external energy source, comprising at least one module of filtering (11), a transposition module (12) and an energy storage module (13), the first set (1) providing a predetermined value voltage (VA), independent of the characteristics of the input terminal (VE). a second set (2), receiving the predefined voltage (VA), comprising at least one inverter module (21) and a generator module (22), supplying a utilization voltage (U) to the user electronics system - a third assembly (3), comprising at least one oscillator (31) and auxiliary comparisons (32) and control circuits, providing control of the transposition module (12).  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transposition module (12) is a quadrupole having an input capacitance (C1), an output capacitance (C2), an inductance (L1) and a diode ( D1) connected in series between an input terminal (H1) and an output terminal (J1) 'and a transistor (T1) connected between the other input terminal (H2) and the common point (K1) of the inductance (L1) and of the diode (D1), this transistor (21) receiving on its base a periodic control signal (S1) supplied by the third set (3), ensuring a regulated rise in the input voltage ( VH). 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transposition module (12) is a quadrupole having an input capacitance (C3), an output capacitance (C4), an inductance (L2) and a diode ( D2) connected in series across the output capacitor (C4)> and a transistor (ru) connected between an input terminal (H1) and the common point (K2) of the inductor (L2)) and the diode (D2), this transistor (T2) receiving on its base a periodic control signal (s,) provided by the third set (3), providing a regulated lowering of the input voltage (VH). 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy reservoir module (13) comprises a capacitance. 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the energy reservoir module (13) further comprises an additional module similar to a transposition module (12) the output terminals (J1, J2) of this additional module being connected to the output terminals of the transposition module (12), and its input terminals (H1, H2) being connected to the two terminals of an additional capacitance, and connected via an additional resistance to the point ( A1) from which said pre-defined voltage (VA) is taken. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predefined voltage (VA) is substantially continuous and has a value between 50 and 100 volts. 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second assembly (2) comprises a transformer (T) comprising at least two primary windings (L3, L4) and two secondary windings (X5 B6) two transistors (T3, T) mounted opposite the terminals of the primary windings, two diodes (D3, D4) mounted opposite the terminals of the secondary windings, ure capacity (C5) connected between the two input terminals (A1, A2) of the together (2), constituted by the common points respectively to the two primary windings (L3, L4) and to the two transistors (T3 and 4), a filter circuit (L9, C6) connected to the common points respectively to the two secondary windings ( N) and the two diodes (M), which constitute the two output terminals of the assembly (2). 8. Device according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the third assembly (3) comprises at least one oscillator (31), a comparator (32) and an adder (33), the oscillator providing a periodic signal (period) to the comparator (32), the adder (33) realizing the sum of a part of a signal representing the utilization voltage (U) and of a signal representing the current flowing in the transistor (X1 T2)) of the transposition module (12), and supplying the resulting signal to the comparator (32), the latter providing a signal (S1) which constitutes the control signal of the same transistor (T1, T2). 9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the different modules is decomposed into a plurality of modules providing the same function, the modules forming the plurality being connected in parallel. 10. Device according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of n transposition modules (12) connected in parallel, n oscillators (34) operating with a phase shift equal to 2 # / n, n comparators (32) respectively connected to each of the transposition modules, and a single adder (33).