FR2467657A1 - Sealing jig for pipes being butt welded by electron beam - where jig carries hydraulically inflatable ring seals forced against pipe bores to make vacuum:tight joints - Google Patents

Sealing jig for pipes being butt welded by electron beam - where jig carries hydraulically inflatable ring seals forced against pipe bores to make vacuum:tight joints Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2467657A1
FR2467657A1 FR7925795A FR7925795A FR2467657A1 FR 2467657 A1 FR2467657 A1 FR 2467657A1 FR 7925795 A FR7925795 A FR 7925795A FR 7925795 A FR7925795 A FR 7925795A FR 2467657 A1 FR2467657 A1 FR 2467657A1
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Prior art keywords
pipes
jig
pipe
forced against
bore
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FR7925795A
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FR2467657B3 (en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/04Electron-beam welding or cutting for welding annular seams
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L1/00Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
    • F16L1/024Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground
    • F16L1/06Accessories therefor, e.g. anchors
    • F16L1/10Accessories therefor, e.g. anchors for aligning

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)

Abstract

The jig is inserted in the bore of the two pipes (3,4) being butt welded, and consists of a stationary shaft (6) fitted with circular rows of clamping plungers (19) which are driven radially outwards to clamp shaft (6) in the bore of one pipe (3). Shaft (6) also carries an expandable or inflatable ring seal forced against the bore of pipe (3) near the butt joint (3,4) to make a vacuum-tight seal. On shaft (6) is a sliding tube (2) with a flange carrying a second inflatable seal (8) forced against the bore of pipe (4) to make a vacuum tight seal. Air is thus prevented from reaching the bore of the butt joint being welded. Used for e.g. in the rapid, electron-beam butt welding of thick-walled pipes.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un système destiné à faciliter le soudage par électrons sous vide de canalisations.The subject of the present invention is a system intended to facilitate vacuum electron welding of pipes.

Il est connu en effet qu'avec un faisceau d'électrons on sait souder à très grande vitesse, de l'ordre de 20 à 200 cm par minute, des canalisations épaisses, par déplacement relatif d'un canon à électrons en regard du joint à souder. Ce procédé présente des avantages de productivité qui intéressent autant la préfabrication rapide de canalisations que le soudage en chantier de pipeline par exemple. De nombreux brevets ont déjà été déposés sur ce procédé de soudage de canalisations.It is known in fact that with an electron beam, it is known to weld thick pipes at very high speed, of the order of 20 to 200 cm per minute, by relative movement of an electron gun opposite the joint. welding. This process has productivity advantages which interest the rapid prefabrication of pipelines as much as welding on a pipeline site for example. Many patents have already been filed on this process of welding pipes.

Toutefois, dans le soudage sous vide, la soudabilité opératoire -c'est-à-dire les conditions industrielles de fonctionnement du système- est directement liée à la vitesse avec laquelle on obtiendra et maintiendra sans aléas un vide suffisant de l'ordre de 10 2 Torr au niveau de la soudure, et ceci de façon industrielle et répétitive.However, in vacuum welding, the operable weldability - that is to say the industrial conditions of operation of the system - is directly linked to the speed with which a sufficient vacuum of the order of 10 will be obtained and maintained without hazards. 2 Torr at the weld, and this in an industrial and repetitive way.

Les opérations à exécuter sont normalement les suivantes : les extrémités usinées des canalisations sont alignées l'une par rapport à l'autre et les pièces sont bridées. On aménage alors une chambre a vide en forme de couronne qui vient recouvrir le joint à souder à bords droits et cette chambre est temporairement scellée hermétiquement sur la canalisation avec des joints à vide statiques. Il est de pratique courante dsutiliser des joints gonflables pour ce genre de manoeuvres.Cette chambre extérieure porte le canon à électrons dont la circonvolution autour de la soudure assurera le soudage dans le cas de canalisations fixes ; dans le cas de pipes que lton désire raccorder en préfabrication, on fera, à l'inverse, tourner le pipe à l'intérieur de la chambre de façon à souder plus commodément "à plat" (le faisceau d'électrons étant dirigé selon une verticale descendante).The operations to be carried out are normally as follows: the machined ends of the pipes are aligned with each other and the parts are clamped. A vacuum chamber in the form of a crown is then fitted which covers the welded joint with straight edges and this chamber is temporarily hermetically sealed on the pipe with static vacuum joints. It is common practice to use inflatable seals for this kind of maneuvers. This outer chamber carries the electron gun whose convolution around the weld will ensure welding in the case of fixed pipes; in the case of pipes that lton wishes to connect in prefabrication, we will, on the contrary, turn the pipe inside the chamber so as to weld more conveniently "flat" (the electron beam being directed according to a vertical down).

A l'intérieur des pipes (tubes de fort diamètre), il faut également assurer le vide à l'envers du joint à souder. Ceci est en général réalisé par des bouchons étanches gonflables délimitant un volume hermétique minimal à pomper. Lorsque les pipes sont de grands diamè- tres, rien ntempêche dry placer à l'intérieur un groupe de pompage.Inside the pipes (large diameter tubes), it is also necessary to ensure the vacuum behind the joint to be welded. This is generally achieved by inflatable tight plugs defining a minimum hermetic volume to be pumped. When the pipes are of large diameters, nothing prevents dry placing inside a pumping group.

Lorsque l'encombrement devient un facteur critique, il a été envisagé déjà de mettre sous vide au moins l'une des canalisations par son extrémité libre avant accostage des pipes ; l'autre pipe ou canalisation étant obturé au plus près-de la soudure. De cette façon, on ré duit le temps de pompage par l'ouverture d'une vanné connectée au volume délimité à ltenvers de la soudure ; on n'est plus gêné par la conductance résultant de la longueur du pipe.When the size becomes a critical factor, it has already been envisaged to vacuum at least one of the pipes by its free end before docking the pipes; the other pipe or pipeline being closed as close as possible to the weld. In this way, the pumping time is reduced by opening a valve connected to the volume delimited through the weld; we are no longer bothered by the conductance resulting from the length of the pipe.

Une autre solution est de pomper ltenvers de la soudure au travers du joint à souder, ce qui risque d'être relativement long pour descendre à 10 2 Torr du fait que les chanfreins à bords droits sont plaqués l'un contre l'autre. Another solution is to pump through the weld through the joint to be welded, which is likely to be relatively long to descend to 10 2 Torr because the chamfers with straight edges are pressed against each other.

Afin d'augmenter la vitesse de mise sous vide du volume intérieur délimité par les bouchons d'obturation, on aura avantage à effectuer le pompage par l'extérieur des canalisations alors que les deux faces à souder sont séparées l'une de l'autre de quelques millimètres.In order to increase the speed of evacuating the interior volume delimited by the sealing plugs, it will be advantageous to carry out pumping from the outside of the pipes while the two faces to be welded are separated from each other. a few millimeters.

L'invention concerne un outillage de bridage des deux canalisations alignées l'une par rapport à l'autre, outillage délimitant un volume étanche à l'envers du joint. Cet outillage de bridage réalise également l'accostage des deux extrémités sous vide des canalisations sans rupture de l'alignement et du bridage et en préservant à tout moment l'étant chéité du système. A tout moment, le volume pompé sous vide est délimité par des joints statiques assurant l'étanchéité entre l'outillage et les parois internes du tube ; il est délimité à l'extérieur évidemment par les joints de la chambre anulaire qui est venue recouvrir la zone à assembler. En de telles conditions, un vide convenable pour le soudage est obtenu en quelques secondes.The invention relates to a tool for clamping the two pipes aligned with respect to each other, tool defining a tight volume upside down of the joint. This clamping tool also performs the docking of the two ends under vacuum of the pipes without breaking the alignment and clamping and preserving at all times the cheity of the system. At all times, the vacuum pumped volume is delimited by static seals ensuring the seal between the tool and the internal walls of the tube; it is obviously delimited on the outside by the joints of the annular chamber which has come to cover the area to be assembled. Under such conditions, a suitable vacuum for welding is obtained in a few seconds.

Il est important que les joints dtétanchéité entre l'outillage et les canalisations, tout autant que les joints entre la machine de soudage elle-même et les canalisations ne glissent à aucun moment sous peine d'avoir un risque de fuite puisque les canalisations ne sauraient être considérées comme des pièces mécaniques de précision (tolérance dimensionnelle et état de surface)
Dans la figure jointe, est représenté un tel outillage qui satisfait aux spécifications précédentes
L'outillage de bridage et d'étanchéité à àl'envers du soudage comprend une partie fixe 1 et une partie mobile 2 coulissant sur la partie fixe.
It is important that the seals between the tools and the pipes, just as much as the seals between the welding machine itself and the pipes do not slip at any time, otherwise there is a risk of leakage since the pipes cannot be considered as precision mechanical parts (dimensional tolerance and surface condition)
In the attached figure, there is shown such a tool which meets the preceding specifications.
The clamping and sealing tool for welding includes a fixed part 1 and a movable part 2 sliding on the fixed part.

L'extrémité amont de la partie fire est bridée par deux jeux deexpaa- seursl9 poussés par des vérins 21 contre la surface interne du pipe 3 à raccorder sur le pipeline 4 Elle possède un joint d'étanchéité gonflable 5 situé à 20 me environ du bord à souder. Elle se prolonge par un Àt rectifié 6 sur lequel coulisse la partie mobile et se termine par une tête d'extrémité 7.The upstream end of the fire part is clamped by two sets of exhausters 19 pushed by jacks 21 against the internal surface of the pipe 3 to be connected to the pipeline 4 It has an inflatable seal 5 located approximately 20 me from the edge welding. It is extended by a rectified Àt 6 on which the movable part slides and ends with an end head 7.

La partie annulaire mobile 2 possède un joint d'étanchéité gonflable 8, un jeu d'expanseurs 9 poussés par les vérins 10 La course de cette partie mobile est d'une dizaine de millimètres Les vérins 10 sont alimentés par des canalisations hydrauliques souples 11 débouchant radialement en 12 de l'extrémité de la colonne centrale 6 et raccordées en amont 13 sur un circuit hydraulique extérieur à l'outillage de bridage Ù en est de même des canalisations l4 et raccords 15, #16 alimentant le joint d5étaachéi;;#é expansible
La course de la partie mobile peut etre bloquée et comtiandée par l'in- termèdiaire des tirants 17 et des vérins poussoirs 72 prenant appui sur la tette 7 d'extrémité de la partie fixe
L'opération est la suivante o lOoutillage de bridage est amené en meme temps que le pipe 3 à l'intérieur duquel il est déjà bridé ; le joint gonflable est également appliqué et il aura été éventuellement contre lé au préalable.La partie dépassante de l'outillage est introduite dans le pipeline 4 jusqu'à ce que le pipe soit situé à 4 ou 5 me du pipeline. Les deux pièces à souder sont alors positionnées l'une en regard de l'autre par des moyens extérieurs ; aussitôt que les extrémités sont de niveau (coaxiales), on actionne les vérins 10. Cette opération réalise le bridage du pipe sur le pipeline au travers de ltoutillage. Le joint d'étanchéité de la partie mobile est gonflé et il vient stappliquer hermétiquement sur la surface intérieure du pipeline. La position de la partie mobile par rapport à la partie fixe est restée bloquée pendant toutes ces opérations grâce #aux vérins poussoirs 18.
The movable annular part 2 has an inflatable seal 8, a set of expanders 9 pushed by the jacks 10 The stroke of this movable part is around ten millimeters The jacks 10 are supplied by flexible hydraulic lines 11 opening out radially at 12 from the end of the central column 6 and connected upstream 13 on a hydraulic circuit external to the clamping tool Ù the same is true of the pipes l4 and fittings 15, # 16 supplying the seal d5étaachéi ;; # é expandable
The travel of the movable part can be blocked and controlled by means of the tie rods 17 and the push cylinders 72 bearing on the end tab 7 of the fixed part
The operation is as follows: the clamping tool is brought at the same time as the pipe 3 inside which it is already clamped; the inflatable seal is also applied and it may have been countered beforehand. The protruding part of the tool is introduced into pipeline 4 until the pipe is located 4 or 5 m from the pipeline. The two parts to be welded are then positioned opposite one another by external means; as soon as the ends are level (coaxial), actuators 10 are actuated. This operation clamps the pipe on the pipeline through the tools. The seal on the moving part is swollen and it hermetically applies to the interior surface of the pipeline. The position of the mobile part relative to the fixed part remained blocked during all these operations thanks to the push cylinders 18.

La machine de soudage avec sa chambre anulaire est descendue au-dessus des extrémités des canalisations, les joints d'étanchéité de cette chambre sont serrés et on commence le pompage sous vide. The welding machine with its annular chamber is lowered above the ends of the pipes, the seals of this chamber are tightened and vacuum pumping begins.

Pour amener le pipe contre le pipeline, juste avant d'effectuer le soudage, on libère. le vérin poussoir 18et le pipe est rapproché puis accosté contre le pipeline. Pendant cette manoeuvre, ne se déplace sur l'outillage que la partie mobile. A aucun moment il n'y a mouvement de#s jonts d'étanchéité gonflables contre la surface du pipe ou contre celle du pipeline. Il n'y a pas de rupture d'étanchéité du fait d'un joint glissant entre ltaxe rectifié 6 et la face intérieure de la partie mobile. De même, il n'y a pas de déplacement relatif entre les expanseurs et leur appui correspondant contre le pipe ou le pipeline. To bring the pipe against the pipeline, just before welding, we release. the push cylinder 18 and the pipe is brought together then docked against the pipeline. During this maneuver, only the moving part moves on the tool. At no time is there movement of # s inflatable sealing rings against the surface of the pipe or against that of the pipeline. There is no leakage due to a sliding joint between the rectified axis 6 and the inner face of the movable part. Similarly, there is no relative movement between the expanders and their corresponding support against the pipe or the pipeline.

Claims (1)

RevendicationsClaims 1. Dispositif d'alignement et d'étanchéité pour soudage de canalisa1. Alignment and sealing device for pipe welding tions par faisceau dtélectrons sous vide, tions by vacuum electron beam, Caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une partie fixe de bridage de Characterized in that it comprises a fixed clamping part of l'outillage dans l'une des canalisations, portant des joints d'étan the tooling in one of the pipes, carrying seals chéité et des expanseurs venant en appui contre cette première cana cheeness and expanders coming to bear against this first cana lisation, reading, et une partie mobile coulissant de façon hermétique sur la partie and a movable part sliding hermetically on the part fixe et possédant un jeu d'expanseurs et un joint gonflable d'étan fixed and having a set of expanders and an inflatable seal of etan chéité venant en appui contre la seconde canalisation.  chewing coming to bear against the second pipe.
FR7925795A 1979-10-17 1979-10-17 Sealing jig for pipes being butt welded by electron beam - where jig carries hydraulically inflatable ring seals forced against pipe bores to make vacuum:tight joints Granted FR2467657A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7925795A FR2467657A1 (en) 1979-10-17 1979-10-17 Sealing jig for pipes being butt welded by electron beam - where jig carries hydraulically inflatable ring seals forced against pipe bores to make vacuum:tight joints

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7925795A FR2467657A1 (en) 1979-10-17 1979-10-17 Sealing jig for pipes being butt welded by electron beam - where jig carries hydraulically inflatable ring seals forced against pipe bores to make vacuum:tight joints

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FR2467657A1 true FR2467657A1 (en) 1981-04-30
FR2467657B3 FR2467657B3 (en) 1982-07-16

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FR7925795A Granted FR2467657A1 (en) 1979-10-17 1979-10-17 Sealing jig for pipes being butt welded by electron beam - where jig carries hydraulically inflatable ring seals forced against pipe bores to make vacuum:tight joints

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2571793A1 (en) * 1984-10-11 1986-04-18 Saipem Spa TUBE COUPLING DEVICE, PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR THE INSTALLATION OF PILES FOR SEA DRILLING PLATFORMS
US5471030A (en) * 1993-05-12 1995-11-28 Framatome Internal equipment for electron beam butt welding of two annular parts and utilization of such equipment
EP4190476A1 (en) * 2021-11-11 2023-06-07 Universität Stuttgart Device and method for electron beam welding and laser beam welding of thick-walled pipes and pressure vessels

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2571793A1 (en) * 1984-10-11 1986-04-18 Saipem Spa TUBE COUPLING DEVICE, PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR THE INSTALLATION OF PILES FOR SEA DRILLING PLATFORMS
US5471030A (en) * 1993-05-12 1995-11-28 Framatome Internal equipment for electron beam butt welding of two annular parts and utilization of such equipment
EP4190476A1 (en) * 2021-11-11 2023-06-07 Universität Stuttgart Device and method for electron beam welding and laser beam welding of thick-walled pipes and pressure vessels

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Publication number Publication date
FR2467657B3 (en) 1982-07-16

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