FI92292B - Glass crushing mill - Google Patents

Abstract

Crushing device for glass, by means of which glass bottles or the like are crushed into material suitable for reuse. The crushing device comprises a frame 1, an intake funnel 2, crushing bit 16, a limit stop 12 and guide plates 20. The upper parts 21 and 22 of the limit stop function as the guide and the bottom part 22 as a cam plate. The crushing bit 16 comprises radial pins 18 and transverse pins 19 are fixed to the ends thereof. The intake funnel 2 has been designed so that it guides the bottles 25 that are to be crushed into the correct position for crushing. <IMAGE>

Description

1 92292

Glass crusher

The invention relates to a device for crushing glass objects, such as bottles, containers or the like, which can also be used for crushing objects made of other materials. The glass crushing device comprises a body part, a mating piece, crushing blades, a hopper and guide dampers. The crusher works like a tooth mill. The crushing blades press the object to be crushed against the counterpart, whereby the part is crushed, and the blades pass through an opening made for them.

The crushing of municipal waste and glassware is a fairly well-known technique, and numerous different mills and grinders have been developed for this purpose. 15 The most commonly used are various hammer and tooth mills. The mating pieces are usually straight comb plates with openings through which the crushing blades pass. In tooth mills, the crushing blades are rigidly attached to the shaft. Instead, in hammer mills, they are usually articulated, allowing the blades 20 to flex on hard-to-break objects. CH 526 994 discloses a hammer mill type crusher in which plate-shaped crusher blades pass through openings in a comb-like counter plate. The counter plate is equipped with spring means that facilitate crushing and reduce impact-like stresses. SE 432 063 discloses a crusher equipped with a simple comb plate guide. The device is not suitable for directing individual objects onto a crushing blade, but is intended for grinding the shell of a bulk material or the like. EP 0 220 100 discloses a vertical tooth mill. Equipment of this type is suitable for crushing, which does not place great demands on the piece size of the crush.

The known solutions have many drawbacks. The impact-like stresses on the rotating crushing blade and the counterpart are large if no flexibility is provided. When a hammer mill is used to crush glass 2 92292, the crush may be largely ground to dust. When the crusher acts as a grinder, the wear of the blades and the counterpart is severe. Most of the known crushers are long-axis with a large number of crusher blades. In such devices, piece goods, for example bottles of shock, are fed and they are crushed in a random position. As a result, the grinding intensifies and the crush is inhomogeneous. For example, when crushing glass bottles, even large pieces can pass through the comb plate, 10 or they will wedge into the openings and grind to dust. The guitar openings of crushers in use are often unprotected, which can also pose a safety risk.

With the glass crushing device according to the invention, the above-mentioned drawbacks can be eliminated and reduced. The glass crushing device according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing parts of the following claims.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a front sectional view of a glass breaker according to the invention.

Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional side view of the device according to the invention.

Figure 3 shows the crushing blade of the device according to the invention.

Figure 4 shows a counterpart of a crusher according to the invention.

In Figures 1 and 2, the number 1 refers to the body of a glass crusher with a feed hopper 2 at the top. The feed opening 3 30 is provided with a flap 4 which closes by means of a counterweight 5. The flap 4 controls the microswitch 6, which starts the drive motor of the crusher. The walls 7 and 8 of the hopper and the base 9 guide the objects to be fed, for example glass bottles, in the correct position for the crusher. A counterpart 12 is attached to the cover 10 of the body 1 35 by means of a joint 11, which is resilient due to the rubber pads 13. Counterpart 12

II

3,92292 is further supported at its lower part by a topper 14. The opening in the lower part of the mating piece is marked with the number 15. The crusher blades 16 are fixed to a shaft 17 mounted on the crusher body. The crushing blades 16 consist of 5 radial pins 18 and a transverse pin 19 attached to this end. To guide the crushed stone, the lower part of the body 1 has guide plates 20.

Figure 4 shows a mating piece 12 of a glass crushing device consisting of three straight parts 10 21, 22 and 23. The angles a and b between the straight parts are very important for the bottle to be guided in the correct position on the crusher. Lateral movement of the object to be crushed is prevented by the side supports 24 in the mating piece 12. The crushable bottle 25 is illustrated in different positions.

The glass crushing device according to the invention operates in the following manner. The bottle 25 to be crushed is fed through the opening 3 into the hopper 2, and the microswitch 6 starts the crusher motor. The mouth opening 3 is not in a straight line to the crusher blades 16, so that the device 20 can be safely fed continuously. In addition, the mouth opening is protected by a flap 4, which is closed by a counterweight 5. The hopper 2 is shaped to guide the bottle 25 in the desired position for crushing. The radial pin 18 of the crusher blade 16 is bent in the middle so that it is parallel to the bottle 25 at the beginning of the crushing phase. The transverse pin 19 improves the crushing effect. The two upper straight portions 21 and 22 of the mating piece 12 act as guides, and the lower portion 23 acts like a normal comb plate. In the experiments performed, it was found that in the most preferred embodiment, the upper angle α is about 30 to 140 ° and the lowest b is about 120 °. The mating piece 12 acts like a seesaw on a joint 11, and the rubber pads 13 provide sufficient flexibility. Sufficient clearance is provided in the opening 15 to take into account the resilience of the counterpart. The guides 20 below the crusher direct the crush to the tank or conveyor.

The crusher of the glass crushing device according to the invention can be modified within the scope of the invention. The number of pins can vary and some of the cross pins can be removed. The dimensional changes caused by the different shapes of the pieces to be crushed are, of course, included in the protection sought for the invention.

Claims (7)

92292 A glass crushing device for crushing bottles or the like, comprising a body part (1), a hopper (2), crushing blades (16), a counterpiece (12) and guide plates (20), characterized in that - the crushing blades (16) consist of radial pins (18) bent partially backwards in the direction of rotation and provided with a transverse pin (19) arranged at the tip of the pin (18), - the mating piece (12) consists of three straight parts (21, 22 and 23) with edges lateral supports (24) preventing lateral movement of the object (15) to be crushed, and that the two upper straight portions (21 and 22) 15 of the mating piece (12) and the side supports (24) form the guide of the object (25) to be crushed, and that the lower straight portion (23) forms known per se crusher comb plate. Glass crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the walls 20 (7 and 8) and the base (9) of the hopper form guide surfaces which turn the object (25) to be crushed into the desired position as it slides against the counterpart (12). Glass crushing device according to Claim 1, characterized in that only a part of the radial pins (18) of the rotating crushing blade 25 (16) is provided with transverse pins (19). Glass crushing device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the feed opening (3) of the hopper (2) has a flap .30 (4) which closes by a counterweight (5). Glass crushing device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the feed hopper (12) forms a bend which, together with the flap (4), prevents the crushed pieces from being ejected from the opening (3). Glass crushing device 92292 according to claim 1, characterized in that the mating piece (12) is articulated by a hinge (11) to the cover (10) of the body (1) and provided with rubber pads (13) on each side of the hinge (11). to provide a spring-5 ton. Glass crushing device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the microswitch (6) starts the crusher when the flap (4) opens. Il 92292