FI91971B - Fluidized bed reactor - Google Patents

Fluidized bed reactor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
FI91971B
FI91971B FI921632A FI921632A FI91971B FI 91971 B FI91971 B FI 91971B FI 921632 A FI921632 A FI 921632A FI 921632 A FI921632 A FI 921632A FI 91971 B FI91971 B FI 91971B
Authority
FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
reactor
fluidized bed
circulating gas
floating bed
gas
Prior art date
Application number
FI921632A
Other languages
Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
FI921632A0 (en
FI91971C (en
FI921632A (en
Inventor
Matti Haemaelaeinen
Original Assignee
Neste Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Neste Oy filed Critical Neste Oy
Publication of FI921632A0 publication Critical patent/FI921632A0/en
Priority to FI921632A priority Critical patent/FI91971C/en
Priority to NO931285A priority patent/NO179486C/en
Priority to AT93105776T priority patent/ATE154524T1/en
Priority to EP93105776A priority patent/EP0565087B1/en
Priority to DE69311614T priority patent/DE69311614T2/en
Priority to US08/046,557 priority patent/US5395595A/en
Priority to JP5108865A priority patent/JP2663093B2/en
Publication of FI921632A publication Critical patent/FI921632A/en
Publication of FI91971B publication Critical patent/FI91971B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI91971C publication Critical patent/FI91971C/en

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/34Polymerisation in gaseous state
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/40Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes
    • B01F33/406Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes in receptacles with gas supply only at the bottom
    • B01F33/4061Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes in receptacles with gas supply only at the bottom through orifices arranged around a central cone
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/24Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/24Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
    • B01J8/38Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it
    • B01J8/382Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it with a rotatable device only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F10/00Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor (10) in which olefines are polymerized or copolymerized in a bed formed by particles being polymerized and fluidized with the aid of a circulating gas, and in which the reactor (10) is provided with means for feeding circulating gas from a gas space above the fluidized bed (14) into the lower part of the reactor (10). The bottom part (13) of the reactor (10) comprises an annular space, the inner wall (17) whereof being defined by an upwards tapering rotating conical surface and the outer wall (18) by a downwards tapering rotating conical surface. <IMAGE>

Description

91971 ' ^ »91971 '^ »

LeijupetireaktoriThe fluidized bed reactor

Virvelbäddreaktor 5Snare drum reactor 5

Keksintö koskee leijupetireaktoria olefiinien polymerointia tai kopolymerointia varten. Lähemmin sanottuna keksintö koskee tällaisen leijupetireaktorin pohjaosan muotoilua.The invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor for the polymerization or copolymerization of olefins. More specifically, the invention relates to the design of the bottom of such a fluidized bed reactor.

10 Leijupetireaktoreita käytetään yleisesti jatkuvatoimisessa kaasufaasipolyme-roinnissa olefiinipolymeerien valmistamiseksi. Leijupetireaktorissa polymerointi suoritetaan polymeroituvien polymeerihiukkasten muodostamassa leijupetissä, jota pidetään leijutilassa reaktorin pohjaosasta ylöspäin suunnatun kiertokaasuvir-tauksen avulla. Kiertokaasuvirtaus muodostuu kaasumaisista hiilivetylaimentimis-15 ta ja/tai inerttikaasuista ja/tai kiertokaasulinjaan lisätyistä polymeroitavista monomeereistä. Kiertokaasuvirtaus poistetaan reaktorin yläosan kaasutilasta, johdetaan lämmönvaihtimiin polymeroinnissa tuotetun lämmön poissiirtämiseksi ja palautetaan kompressorin avulla takaisin reaktorin alaosaan.Fluidized bed reactors are commonly used in continuous gas phase polymerization to produce olefin polymers. In a fluidized bed reactor, the polymerization is carried out in a fluidized bed of polymerizable polymer particles, which is kept in a fluidized state by means of a circulating gas flow directed upwards from the bottom of the reactor. The circulating gas stream consists of gaseous hydrocarbon diluents and / or inert gases and / or polymerizable monomers added to the circulating gas line. The circulating gas flow is removed from the gas space at the top of the reactor, passed to heat exchangers to dissipate the heat produced in the polymerization, and returned to the bottom of the reactor by means of a compressor.

20 Reaktorin alaosaan johdettavan kiertokaasun tasainen jakaminen leijupetiin on välttämätöntä tasaisen leijutustilan ylläpitämiseksi. Kiertokaasun jakamiseen käytetään tavallisesti rei’itetyn välipohjan muodossa olevaa virtauksen jakolaitet-ta, joka sijaitsee lähellä reaktorin pohjaosaa. Reaktorin pohjaosaan muodostuu siten kiertokaasun sisäänsyöttö- tai sekoituskammio, jonka mainittu virtauksen 25 jakolevy erottaa leijukerroksesta eli varsinaisesta polymerointiosasta.Even distribution of the circulating gas to the bottom of the reactor in a fluidized bed is necessary to maintain a uniform fluidization space. A flow divider in the form of a perforated midsole located near the bottom of the reactor is usually used to distribute the circulating gas. A circulating gas supply or mixing chamber is thus formed in the bottom part of the reactor, which is separated from the fluidized bed, i.e. the actual polymerization part, by said flow distribution plate 25.

Mitä suurempaa reaktorikokoa käytetään, sitä vaikeampaa on aikaansaada kierto-kaasun tasainen jakautuminen leijupetissä reaktorin koko poikkileikkauspinta-alalle. Epätasaisen jakautumisen seurauksena leijupetissä alkaa esiintyä tiheäm-30 piä ja huonosti leijuvia kohtia, erikoisesti reaktorin seinämien lähistöllä. Ongelma pahenee silloin, kun kiertokaasun mukana tulee myös nestemäisiä jakeita, koska nimenomaan nestefaasin tasainen jakaminen leijupetiin on vaikeaa. Tästä syystä leijupetissä esiintyy paikallista kuumentumista ja polymeeripartikkelien 2 91971 agglomeroitumista suuremmiksi möykyiksi sekä agglomeraattien tarttumista reaktoripinnoille.The larger the reactor size used, the more difficult it is to achieve an even distribution of the circulating gas in the fluidized bed over the entire cross-sectional area of the reactor. As a result of the uneven distribution, denser and poorly floating points begin to appear in the fluidized bed, especially near the reactor walls. The problem is exacerbated when liquid fractions are also included in the circulating gas, because it is precisely the even distribution of the liquid phase in the fluidized bed that is difficult. For this reason, there is local heating in the fluidized bed and agglomeration of the polymer particles 2,91971 into larger lumps, as well as adhesion of the agglomerates to the reactor surfaces.

Kaasuvirtauksen jakautumisen parantamiseksi on ehdotettu käytettäväksi sellaisia 5 kaasunjakolevyjä, joissa aukkojen kokoa, muotoa ja sijoittelua on modifioitu. Sellaisten erikoisrakenteisten kaasunjakolevyjen valmistus on kuitenkin kallista ja niiden kaasunläpäisevyys saattaa olla riittämätön, mikä aiheuttaa tarpeetonta paineputousta reaktorin läpi viilaavassa kaasukierrossa.In order to improve the distribution of the gas flow, it has been proposed to use gas distribution plates in which the size, shape and arrangement of the openings have been modified. However, such specially constructed gas distribution plates are expensive to manufacture and may have insufficient gas permeability, causing an unnecessary pressure drop in the gas circuit filing through the reactor.

10 Toinen tavallinen leijupetireaktoreiden koon suurentuessa esiintyvä ongelma on polymeerihiukkasten agglomeroituminen ja tarttuminen reaktorin pohjaosan seinäpinnoille. Kiertokaasun mukana kulkeutuu reaktorista aina jonkin verran pieniä, aktiivista katalyyttiä sisältäviä polymeerihiukkasia, jotka palautuvat reaktorin pohjaosaan kiertokaasun mukana. Jos kiertokaasu johdetaan reaktoriin 15 tavanomaisella tavalla pohjassa olevan suoran putkiyhteen kautta ja jos virtausolosuhteet tai reaktorin pohjaosan muoto ei ole optimaalinen, muodostuu kiertokaasun sisäänsyöttökammiossa paikallisia virtauksia, joiden kohdalle kerääntyy polymeeripartikkeleita. Tämän haitan poistamiseksi on ehdotettu käytettäväksi erilaisia virtauksen hajotuselimiä kiertokaasun syöttöputken 20 yhteydessä. Siten esimerkiksi US-patentissa 4 877 587 on reaktorin pohjassa olevaan kiertokaasun syöttöputken päähän kiinnitetty hajotinelimet, jotka jakavat putkesta tulevan virtauksen kahtia siten, että osa virtauksesta suuntautuu sivulle ja osa virtauksesta suuntautuu ylöspäin. Tämäntapaisilla ratkaisuilla ei kuitenkaan voida kokonaan estää sitä, että reaktorin pohjaosassa esiintyy paikallaan 25 pyöriviä virtauksia ja siitä johtuen polymeerihiukkasten kerääntymistä ja tarttumista seinämille. Samoin tällaisten hajotuselinten puhdistaminen on hankalaa ja jos halutaan jostain syystä käyttää toisenlaista rakennetta, on laitteen purkaminen ja vaihtaminen hankalaa ja vaatii reaktorin pysäyttämisen ja avaamisen.10 Another common problem with increasing the size of fluidized bed reactors is the agglomeration and adhesion of polymer particles to the wall surfaces of the bottom of the reactor. The circulating gas always carries some small polymer particles containing active catalyst from the reactor, which return to the bottom of the reactor with the circulating gas. If the circulating gas is introduced into the reactor 15 in a conventional manner via a straight pipe connection at the bottom and if the flow conditions or the shape of the reactor bottom part are not optimal, local flows are formed in the circulating gas supply chamber at which polymer particles accumulate. To overcome this disadvantage, it has been proposed to use various flow diffusers in connection with the circulating gas supply pipe 20. Thus, for example, in U.S. Patent 4,877,587, diffuser members are attached to the end of the circulating gas supply pipe at the bottom of the reactor, which divides the flow from the pipe in half so that part of the flow is directed to the side and part of the flow is directed upwards. However, such solutions cannot completely prevent the presence of rotating flows in the bottom of the reactor and, consequently, the accumulation and adhesion of polymer particles to the walls. Likewise, the cleaning of such decomposing means is cumbersome, and if for some reason a different structure is desired, disassembly and replacement of the apparatus is cumbersome and requires the reactor to be stopped and opened.

30 Tyypillinen leijupetireaktorin pohjamuoto muodostaa enemmän tai vähemmän pallonmuotoisen pinnan, kuten esimerkiksi US-patentissa 4 877 587 on esitetty. Tällaisen pohjamuodon etuna venattuna tasomaiseen pohjaan on se, että li 3 91971 seinämän alaosan vierelle ei muodostu teräväkulmaisia alueita, joissa kaasun-virtaus on tästä syystä huono ja siitä johtuen esiintyy polymeeripartikkelien kasautumista. Jos kiertokaasu johdetaan sisään pohjan keskipisteessä olevan syöttöaukon tai - putken kautta, niin tällainen ratkaisu ei toimisi tuotantomitta-5 kaavaisissa reaktoreissa, joissa pohjaosan läpimitta saattaa olla useita metrejä.The typical bottom shape of a fluidized bed reactor forms a more or less spherical surface, as disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patent 4,877,587. The advantage of such a base shape stretched to a planar base is that no sharp-angled areas are formed next to the lower part of the wall of the li 3 91971, where the gas flow is therefore poor and consequently the accumulation of polymer particles occurs. If the circulating gas is introduced through a feed opening or pipe at the center of the bottom, then such a solution would not work in reactors of production scale-5, where the diameter of the bottom section may be several meters.

Esilläolevan keksinnön kohteena on leijupetireaktori, jonka pohjaosa on muotoiltu siten, että edellämainitut ongelmat saadaan poistetuksi. Siten esilläoleva keksintö koskee leijupetireaktoria, jossa olefiineja polymeroidaan tai kopolyme-10 roidaan polymeroituvien partikkelien muodostamassa kiertokaasun avulla leijutetussa petissä ja jossa reaktorissa on elimet kiertokaasun syöttämiseksi leijupetin yläpuolella olevasta kaasutilasta reaktorin alaosaan, joka on erotettu virtauksenjakolevyn avulla reaktorin yläosasta. Keksinnön mukainen reaktori on tunnettu siitä, että reaktorin pohjaosa käsittää rengasmaisen tilan, jonka si-15 säseinämä muodostuu ylöspäin suppenevasta pyörähdyskartiopinnasta ja ul-koseinämä muodostuu alaspäin suppenevasta pyörähdyskartiopinnasta ja reaktorin pohjaosan pohjapinta muodostuu mainittuja pyörähdyskartiopintoja yhdistävästä pyöreämuotoisen poikkipinnan omaavasta rengaspinnasta.The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor, the bottom part of which is shaped in such a way that the above-mentioned problems can be eliminated. Thus, the present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor in which olefins are polymerized or copolymerized in a circulating fluidized bed formed by polymerizable particles and in which the reactor has means for supplying circulating gas from a gas space above the fluidized bed to the bottom of the reactor. The reactor according to the invention is characterized in that the bottom part of the reactor comprises an annular space, the inner wall of which consists of an upwardly converging cone surface and the outer wall of a downwardly converging cone surface and the bottom surface of the reactor base

20 "Kakkumuotin" mukaisen pohjaosan käyttö leijupetireaktoreissa on uutta. Ulkonaisesti samantapaista pohjaratkaisua on esitetty käytettäväksi aikaisemmin mm. liuospolymerointireaktoreissa. Siten US-patentissa 3 737 288 on esitetty sisäpuolisella virtausputkella varustettu reaktori, jossa polymerointiliuosta kierrätetään potkurielinten avulla sisäputkea pitkin ylöspäin reaktorin yläosaan 25 ja liuos virtaa takaisin reaktorin alaosaan reaktorin sisäseinämää pitkin. US-patentissa esitetyn pohjamuodon tarkoituksena on ainoastaan saada aikaan normaalit "pyöristykset" nestefaasivirtauksen kääntämiseksi sujuvasta alaspäinvir-tauksesta ylöspäinvirtaukseksi. Esilläolevan keksinnön tarkoituksena on sensijaan aikaansaada tasaisesti koko reaktorin poikkileikkauspinnalle jakautunut kaasuvir-30 taus reaktorin pohjaosasta ylöspäin.20 The use of a bottom part according to the "cake mold" in fluidized bed reactors is new. Externally, a similar floor plan has been proposed for use previously, e.g. liuospolymerointireaktoreissa. Thus, U.S. Patent 3,737,288 discloses a reactor with an inner flow tube in which the polymerization solution is circulated by propeller means up the inner tube to the top of the reactor 25 and the solution flows back to the bottom of the reactor along the inner wall of the reactor. The sole shape disclosed in the U.S. patent is only intended to provide normal "rounding" to reverse the liquid phase flow from a smooth downstream flow to an upstream flow. The object of the present invention is instead to provide a gas flow evenly distributed over the cross-sectional surface of the entire reactor from the bottom of the reactor upwards.

"Kakkumuotti"-muoto on yleisesti tunnettu kotitalouksissa käytettävistä kakku- 4 91971 muoteista. Tällainen muoto tarkoittaa siten sitä, että pohjaosa on keskiosastaan kohotettu ylöspäin. Yleisesti keksinnön mukaisessa reaktorissa käytettävä pohjamuoto voidaan määritellä rengasmaisena tilana, jonka sisäseinämä muodostuu ylöspäin suppenevasta kartiopyörähdyspinnasta ja ulkoseinämä muodostuu 5 alaspäin suppenevasta kartiopyörähdyspinnasta.The "cake mold" shape is commonly known from the 4,91971 cake molds used in households. Such a shape thus means that the base part is raised upwards from its central part. In general, the bottom shape used in the reactor according to the invention can be defined as an annular space, the inner wall of which consists of an upwardly tapering conical surface of rotation and the outer wall of which consists of a downwardly tapering conical surface of rotation.

Keksinnön mukaisella tavalla muodostetun reaktorin pohjaosan alin kohta käsittäisi siten mainittujen kahden kartiopyörähdyspinnan yhtymiskohtaan muodostuvan terävän kulmauksen. Tällainen teräväkulmainen ratkaisu ei kuiten-10 kaan ole suotavaa. Tämän vuoksi pohjaosan alin kohta muotoillaan pyöreämuo-toiseksi, jolloin mitään teräviä kulmia tai nurkkauksia ei esiinny.The lowest point of the bottom part of the reactor formed in accordance with the invention would thus comprise a sharp angle formed at the junction of said two conical rotation surfaces. However, such a sharp-angled solution is not desirable either. Therefore, the lowest point of the base part is shaped into a round shape, so that no sharp corners or corners occur.

Siten keksinnön mukainen reaktorin pohjaosa muodostuu kahdesta sisäkkäisestä kartiosta, joista sisempi kapenee ylöspäin ja ulompi kapenee alaspäin ja mainittu-15 jen kartiopintojen alaosat on yhdistetty esimerkiksi puoliympyräpoikkipintaisella renkaalla. Tällöin muodostuu keksinnön mukainen kakkumuottimainen rakenne.Thus, the bottom part of the reactor according to the invention consists of two nested cones, of which the inner one tapers upwards and the outer one tapers downwards, and the lower parts of said conical surfaces are connected, for example, by a semicircular ring. In this case, a cake-like structure according to the invention is formed.

Pohjaosan reunaosan ja sisäosan kartiokkuudet voivat olla samanlaisia tai erilaisia ja mainitut kartiokulmat voidaan valita esimerkiksi väliltä 1-30°. Samoin 20 voi pohjaosan korkeus eli etäisyys pohjan alimmasta kohdasta virtauksenjakole-vyyn asti vaihdella huomattavasti riippuen reaktorin mitoista. Siten mainittu •« etäisyys voi vaihdella välillä 0,3 x D - 0,5 x D, niissä D on reaktorin läpimitta.The cones of the edge part of the base part and the inner part may be the same or different and said cone angles can be selected, for example, from 1 to 30 °. Likewise, the height of the bottom part, i.e. the distance from the lowest point of the bottom to the flow distribution width, can vary considerably depending on the dimensions of the reactor. Thus, said distance may vary between 0.3 x D and 0.5 x D, in which D is the diameter of the reactor.

Kiertokaasu johdetaan reaktorin pohjaosaan pohjarakenteen alimpaan osaan 25 muodostettujen virtausaukkojen kautta. Aukkoja voi olla yksi tai useampia, mutta suotavaa on yleensä käyttää kolmea tai useampaa symmetrisesti sijoitettua virtausaukkoa.The circulating gas is introduced into the bottom part of the reactor through flow openings formed in the lower part 25 of the bottom structure. There may be one or more orifices, but it is generally desirable to use three or more symmetrically arranged flow orifices.

Keksinnön mukaisen kakkumuottimainen pohjarakenne taijoaa lisäedun sekoit-30 timella varustetuissa reaktoreissa. Pohjan läpi viety sekoitinakseli vaatii yleensä reaktorin sisäpuolisen tukilaakerin, joka saattaa häiritä leijupetin toimintaa. Keksinnön mukaisessa reaktorin pohjaosassa tukilaakeri voidaan kiinnittää 5 91971 pohjaosan ylösnostetun keskiosan yläpäähän, jolloin reaktorin sisäpuolisia tukilaakereita ei tarvita.The cake-shaped bottom structure according to the invention offers an additional advantage in reactors equipped with a stirrer. The agitator shaft passed through the bottom usually requires a support bearing inside the reactor, which may interfere with the operation of the fluidized bed. In the bottom part of the reactor according to the invention, a support bearing can be attached to the upper end of the raised central part of the bottom part, in which case support bearings inside the reactor are not required.

Keksintöä selostetaan edelleen viittaamalla oheisiin kuvioihin, joissa 5 kuvio 1 esittää keksinnön mukaista reaktorin pohjaosaa sivulta päin nähtynä ja kuvio 2 esittää reaktorin pohjaosaa ylhäältä päin nähtynä.The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying figures, in which Figure 1 shows a side view of a reactor bottom according to the invention and Figure 2 shows a top view of a reactor bottom.

10 Kuvioissa 1 ja 2 on leijupetireaktoria merkitty yleisesti viitenumerolla 10. Reaktorissa 10 on sylinterinmuotoinen ulkoseinämä 11. Revitetty virtauksenjako-levy 12 jakaa reaktorin kiertokaasun sisääntulo-osaan 13 ja leijupetiosaan 14. Kuviossa 2 virtauksenjakolevy 12 nähdään osittain aukileikattuna. Reaktori 10 on tässä suoritusmuodossa varustettu lisäksi akselin 15 pyörittämällä sekoitinelimellä 15 16.In Figures 1 and 2, the fluidized bed reactor is generally indicated by reference numeral 10. The reactor 10 has a cylindrical outer wall 11. The ruptured flow divider plate 12 divides the reactor circulating gas into an inlet portion 13 and a fluidized bed portion 14. In Figure 2, the flow divider plate 12 is partially sectioned. In this embodiment, the reactor 10 is further provided with a stirring member 15 16 rotated by a shaft 15.

Reaktorin 10 pohjaosa muodostuu kahdesta sisäkkäisestä kartiopinnasta, joista sisempi kartiopinta 17 kapenee ylöspäin ja ulompi kartiopinta 18 kapenee alaspäin. Kartiopintoja 17 ja 18 yhdistää suunnilleen puoliympyrän muotoinen 20 rengasosa 19, joka muodostaa pohjan alimman osan. Sisemmän kartiopinnan 17 kartiokkuutta eli pystysuorasta poikkeavaa kartiokulmaa on merkitty kirjaimella a. Vastaavasti ulomman kartiopinnan 18 kartiokkuutta on merkitty kirjaimella fl. Pohjaosan korkeutta eli etäisyyttä pohjaosan alimmasta kohdasta virtauksenjako-levyyn 12 on merkitty kirjaimella h.The bottom of the reactor 10 consists of two nested conical surfaces, of which the inner conical surface 17 tapers upwards and the outer conical surface 18 tapers downwards. The conical surfaces 17 and 18 are connected by an approximately semicircular annular portion 19 which forms the lowest part of the base. The conicity of the inner conical surface 17, i.e. the conical angle deviating from the vertical, is denoted by the letter a. Correspondingly, the conicity of the outer conical surface 18 is denoted by the letter f1. The height of the bottom part, i.e. the distance from the lowest point of the bottom part to the flow distribution plate 12, is denoted by the letter h.

2525

Kiertokaasun sisääntuloaukkoja 20 on muodostettu pohjaosan 13 alimpaan kohtaan. Kiertokaasu johdetaan aukkojen 20 kautta kiertokaasuputkesta tai -putkista 21 reaktorin pohjaosaan 13 ja edelleen virtauksenjakolevyn 12 läpi leijupetiosaan 14. Tasaisen virtauksen aikaansaamiseksi aukkoja 20 on useampia 30 ja ne on sijoitettu mieluimmin symmetrisesti.Circulation gas inlets 20 are formed at the lowest point of the base part 13. The circulating gas is passed through the openings 20 from the circulating gas pipe or pipes 21 to the reactor bottom part 13 and further through the flow distribution plate 12 to the fluidized bed part 14. In order to achieve a uniform flow, there are several openings 20 and are preferably arranged symmetrically.

Sekoitinakselia 15 pyörittävä sähkömoottori 21 laakereineen on sijoitettu 6 91971 edullisesti sisemmän kartiopinnan 17 muodostaman seinämäosan sisäpuolelle viitenumeroilla 22 ja 23 merkittyihin kohtiin. Siten saavutetaan luja kiinnitys eikä sekoitinakseli 15 tarvitse mitään yläpuolisia tukilaakereita leijupetiosassa 14.The electric motor 21 rotating the agitator shaft 15 with its bearings is located 6 91971, preferably inside the wall part formed by the inner conical surface 17, at the positions indicated by reference numerals 22 and 23. Thus, a firm attachment is achieved and the agitator shaft 15 does not need any upper support bearings in the fluidized bed part 14.

««

Claims (4)

1. Svävbäddsreaktor (10), där man polymeriserar eller sampolymeriserar olefiner med hjälp av cirkulationsgas som bildas av polymeriserande partiklar i en 5 svävbädd och i vilken reaktor (10) finns organ för att mata cirkulationsgasen frän gasutrymmet ovanför svävbädden (14) till den undre delen av reaktom (10), som avskiljts frän den övre delen av reaktom (10) med hjälp av en strömfördelnings-skiva (12), kännetecknad därav, att bottendeln (13) av reaktom (10) innefattar ett ringformigt utrymme, vars inre vägg (17) bestär av en rotationsko-10 nyta som smalnar av uppät och den yttre väggen (18) bildas av en rotationskony-ta som smalnar av nedät, och bottenytan (13) av reaktoms (10) bottendel bestär av en ringformig yta (14) med cirkulärt tvärsnitt som förenar nämnda rotation-skonytor (17,18).A floating bed reactor (10), wherein polymerizing or copolymerizing olefins is obtained by circulating gas formed by polymerizing particles in a floating bed and in which reactor (10) is provided means for supplying the circulating gas from the gas space above the floating bed (14) to the lower part of the reactor (10), which is separated from the upper part of the reactor (10) by means of a distribution plate (12), characterized in that the bottom part (13) of the reactor (10) comprises an annular space, the inner wall of which ( 17) consists of a rotating cone that tapers upwards and the outer wall (18) is formed by a rotating cone tapering downwards, and the bottom surface (13) of the bottom part of the reactor (10) consists of an annular surface (14). having a circular cross-section joining the said rotation shoe surfaces (17, 18). 2. Svävbäddsreaktor enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknad därav, att den ringformiga ytan (19) har formen av en halvcirkel.Floating bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular surface (19) is in the form of a semicircle. 3. Svävbäddsreaktor enligt patentkrav 1 eller 2, kännetecknad därav, att cirkulationsgasen letts frän en eller flera matningsöppningar (20) som öppnar 20 sig tili nämnda bottenyta (19).Float bed reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the circulating gas is led from one or more supply openings (20) which open 20 to said bottom surface (19). 4. Svävbäddsreaktor enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknad därav, att den uppäthöjda mittdelen av bottendelen (13) av reaktom (10) fungerar som stödpunkt för lagret av blandningsaxeln (15). 25 liFloating bed reactor according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heated center portion of the bottom part (13) of the reactor (10) serves as a support point for the bearing of the mixing shaft (15). 25 li
FI921632A 1992-04-10 1992-04-10 Fluidized bed reactor FI91971C (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI921632A FI91971C (en) 1992-04-10 1992-04-10 Fluidized bed reactor
NO931285A NO179486C (en) 1992-04-10 1993-04-02 Fluidized-bed reactor
AT93105776T ATE154524T1 (en) 1992-04-10 1993-04-07 FLUID BED REACTOR
EP93105776A EP0565087B1 (en) 1992-04-10 1993-04-07 Fluidized bed reactor
DE69311614T DE69311614T2 (en) 1992-04-10 1993-04-07 Fluidized bed reactor
US08/046,557 US5395595A (en) 1992-04-10 1993-04-12 Fluidized bed reactor
JP5108865A JP2663093B2 (en) 1992-04-10 1993-04-12 Fluidized bed reactor

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI921632A FI91971C (en) 1992-04-10 1992-04-10 Fluidized bed reactor
FI921632 1992-04-10

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
FI921632A0 FI921632A0 (en) 1992-04-10
FI921632A FI921632A (en) 1993-10-11
FI91971B true FI91971B (en) 1994-05-31
FI91971C FI91971C (en) 1994-09-12

Family

ID=8535093

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FI921632A FI91971C (en) 1992-04-10 1992-04-10 Fluidized bed reactor

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5395595A (en)
EP (1) EP0565087B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2663093B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE154524T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69311614T2 (en)
FI (1) FI91971C (en)
NO (1) NO179486C (en)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5879638A (en) * 1995-10-16 1999-03-09 Dorr-Oliver Incorporated Fluidized bed reactor with gas distributor
PL2072587T3 (en) 2007-12-20 2020-11-02 Borealis Technology Oy Coated pipes having improved mechanical properties at elevated temperatures and a method of production thereof
EP2072588B1 (en) 2007-12-20 2012-10-10 Borealis Technology Oy Process for coating a pipe with high throughput using multimodal ethylene copolymer, and coated pipes obtained thereof
EP2072589A1 (en) 2007-12-20 2009-06-24 Borealis Technology Oy Process for coating a pipe with high throughput using multimodal ethylene copolymer, and coated pipes obtained thereof
PL2072586T3 (en) 2007-12-20 2021-05-31 Borealis Technology Oy Coated pipes having improved mechanical properties and a method of production thereof
CN109803986B (en) 2016-09-28 2020-04-14 博里利斯股份公司 Method for preparing coated pipe
EP3544815B1 (en) 2016-11-25 2020-12-30 Borealis AG A process for producing polyolefin film composition and films prepared thereof
WO2020136164A1 (en) 2018-12-28 2020-07-02 Borealis Ag A process for producing polyolefin film composition and films prepared thereof
EP3902851A1 (en) 2018-12-28 2021-11-03 Borealis AG A process for producing polyolefin film composition and films prepared thereof
US20240279368A1 (en) 2021-06-11 2024-08-22 Borealis Ag A process for producing a multimodal ethylene polymer and films prepared therefrom
EP4344869A1 (en) 2022-09-30 2024-04-03 Borealis AG Multimodal ethylene copolymer composition and films comprising the same
WO2024083689A1 (en) 2022-10-18 2024-04-25 Borealis Ag Multilayer film
EP4403598A1 (en) 2023-01-23 2024-07-24 Borealis AG Polymer composition comprising recycled low density polyethylene for packaging applications

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2664346A (en) * 1950-06-22 1953-12-29 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Fluid reactor
NL203077A (en) * 1955-01-14
US2931711A (en) * 1955-05-31 1960-04-05 Pan American Petroleum Corp Fluidized bed reactor with internal tube structure design
US2891846A (en) * 1956-01-23 1959-06-23 Dorr Oliver Inc Furnace structure
DE1632404A1 (en) * 1968-02-14 1970-08-13 Miag Muehlenbau & Ind Gmbh Pneumatic mixing device
US3737288A (en) * 1971-06-18 1973-06-05 Exxon Co Antifouling deflector in olefin polymerization reactors
US4366123A (en) * 1981-09-21 1982-12-28 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries Ltd. Anchor agitator for gaseous phase polymerization vessel
DE3234911A1 (en) * 1982-09-21 1984-03-22 Herbert 7853 Steinen Hüttlin FLUID BED APPARATUS
DE3244769C2 (en) * 1982-12-03 1987-03-05 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Device for fine dust separation in a fluidized bed reactor
JPS6078286A (en) * 1983-10-03 1985-05-02 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 Fluidizing baking furnace for powdered raw material
DE3423580A1 (en) * 1984-06-27 1986-01-02 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt METHOD FOR TREATING FLUIDIZED SOOT WITH GASES, FLUID BED APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD AND LIMIT VALUES USED IN THE APPARATUS
DE3523990A1 (en) * 1984-08-20 1986-02-27 Herbert 7853 Steinen Hüttlin Fluidised-bed apparatus
US4877587A (en) * 1984-08-24 1989-10-31 Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Company Inc. Fluidized bed polymerization reactors
FR2581173B1 (en) * 1985-04-24 1989-03-31 Charbonnages De France FLUIDIZED BED EXCHANGER FOR HEAT TRANSFER
DE3706538A1 (en) * 1987-02-28 1988-09-08 Metallgesellschaft Ag Fluidized bed system
CA1284017C (en) * 1987-05-21 1991-05-14 Hugo I. De Lasa Riser simulator
US4976688A (en) * 1989-02-03 1990-12-11 Rosenblum Jeffrey L Position-adjustable thoracic catheter
US4967688A (en) * 1989-06-09 1990-11-06 Fuji Sangyo Company, Limited Powder processing apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE154524T1 (en) 1997-07-15
DE69311614T2 (en) 1998-01-22
EP0565087A1 (en) 1993-10-13
NO931285L (en) 1993-10-11
EP0565087B1 (en) 1997-06-18
DE69311614D1 (en) 1997-07-24
FI921632A0 (en) 1992-04-10
NO931285D0 (en) 1993-04-02
NO179486C (en) 1996-12-27
NO179486B (en) 1996-07-08
JPH0649105A (en) 1994-02-22
US5395595A (en) 1995-03-07
FI91971C (en) 1994-09-12
JP2663093B2 (en) 1997-10-15
FI921632A (en) 1993-10-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FI91971B (en) Fluidized bed reactor
FI96867C (en) The fluidized bed reactor
CN1036053C (en) Method for polymerizing olefins in a fluid-bed reactor
TWI426958B (en) Gas distribution grid for a polymerization apparatus
US9637572B2 (en) Process for continuous polymerization of olefin monomers in a reactor
EA011265B1 (en) Method and apparatus for producing polymers
US10822435B2 (en) Process for continuous polymerization of olefin monomers in a reactor
KR102259574B1 (en) Process for continuous polymerization of olefin monomers in a reactor
CN102574937A (en) Gas-phase polymerization of alpha-olefins
TWI671320B (en) A method, an arrangement and use of an arrangement for olefin polymerisation
US8314198B2 (en) Apparatus and process for gas phase fluidised bed polymerisation reaction
FI92291C (en) Swirl bed device and method for feeding gas to the swirl bed device
US10836842B2 (en) Process for continuous polymerization of olefin monomers in a reactor
EP0049130A1 (en) Fluidized bed apparatus and a method for reducing particle entrainment therein
CN113631593B (en) Central jet pipe
FI89335B (en) Fluidised bed reactor
JPH10316703A (en) Gas-phase polymerizer
WO2001087989A1 (en) Fluidised bed reactor without gas distribution plate
US6958376B2 (en) Inlet distribution device for upflow polymerization reactors
JP2000072802A (en) Vapor phase polymerization apparatus
CN1445246A (en) Fluidized bed polymerization reactor
JPH08232185A (en) Wet process production unit for fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin sheet

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FG Patent granted

Owner name: BOREALIS POLYMERS OY

BB Publication of examined application
GB Transfer or assigment of application

Owner name: BOREALIS POLYMERS OY

PC Transfer of assignment of patent

Owner name: BOREALIS POLYMERS OY