FI91454C - Differential current monitoring circuit - Google Patents

Differential current monitoring circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
FI91454C
FI91454C FI924483A FI924483A FI91454C FI 91454 C FI91454 C FI 91454C FI 924483 A FI924483 A FI 924483A FI 924483 A FI924483 A FI 924483A FI 91454 C FI91454 C FI 91454C
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current
voltage
conductor
conductors
amplifier
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FI924483A
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Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
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FI924483A0 (en
FI91454B (en
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Kari Halonen
Kimmo Koli
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Nokia Telecommunications Oy
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Priority to FI924483A priority Critical patent/FI91454C/en
Publication of FI924483A0 publication Critical patent/FI924483A0/en
Priority to AU48220/93A priority patent/AU4822093A/en
Priority to GB9507066A priority patent/GB2285870B/en
Priority to PCT/FI1993/000397 priority patent/WO1994008246A1/en
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Publication of FI91454B publication Critical patent/FI91454B/en
Publication of FI91454C publication Critical patent/FI91454C/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/0038Circuits for comparing several input signals and for indicating the result of this comparison, e.g. equal, different, greater, smaller (comparing pulses or pulse trains according to amplitude)

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)

Description

9145491454

Differentiaalinen virrantarkkailupiiriDifferential current monitoring circuit

Keksinto koskee differentiaalista virrantarkkailu-piiriå, ensimmåisen ja toisen johtimen vålisen virtaeron 5 tarkkailemiseksi kåsittåen våhintåån kaksi sarjavastusta, jotka ovat sovitettuina vastaavasti ensimmåiseen ja toi-seen johtimeen.The invention relates to a differential current monitoring circuit for monitoring the current difference 5 between the first and second conductors, comprising at least two series resistors arranged in the first and second conductors, respectively.

On tunnettua tarkkailla johtimella, tyypillisesti linjajohtimella, kulkevaa virtaa ja johtimen jånnitettå.It is known to monitor the current flowing through a conductor, typically a line conductor, and the voltage of the conductor.

10 Eras tapa toteuttaa linjajohtimen jånnitteen ja virran tarkkailu on tarkkailla linjavahvistimien antoihin kytket-tyjen sarjavastuksien yli vaikuttavia jånnitteita diffe-rentiaalivahvistimen avulla. Sarjavastuksilla ja differen-tiaalivahvistimella toteutetun virrantarkkailun ongelmana 15 on se, ettå sarjavastukset joudutaan mitoittamaan mahdol-lisimman pieniksi, etteivåt ne rajoittaisi mitattavan lin-jaliitåntapiirin dynamiikkaa ja linjavahvistimien antoim-pedansseja ja samalla myos yhteismuotoisia impedansseja. Nåin olien kytkennassa kåytettåvån differentiaalivahvisti-20 men vahvistus on mitoitettava suureksi ja silloin kytken-nån kaistanleveys rajoittuu pieneksi operaatiovahvistimen vahvistus-kaistanleveystulon mukaisesti. Lisåksi sarjavas-tuksia kåytettaesså aiheuttaa suuria ongelmia vastusten suuri lukumåårå ja siten vastusten sovittaminen. Vastusten 25 sovittaminen on erityistå tarkkuutta ja huolellisuutta vaativaa puuhaa. Eras tekniikan tason mukainen linjalii-tåntåpiirin virrantarkkailun toteutus sarjavastuksien a-vulla on esitetty julkaisussa "IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, SC-21, (1986), 2, Pieters J.F., Moons E., Wil-30 locx E:, Beckers S., A Monolithic 70-V Subscriber Line Interface Circuit, ss. 252-258".10 An Eras way to implement line voltage and current monitoring is to monitor the voltages across the series resistors connected to the outputs of the line amplifiers using a differential amplifier. The problem with current monitoring with series resistors and a differential amplifier 15 is that the series resistors have to be dimensioned as small as possible so as not to limit the dynamics of the line connection circuit to be measured and the impedances of the line amplifiers and at the same time the common forms. Thus, the gain of the differential amplifier-20 used in the connection must be dimensioned high, and then the bandwidth of the connection is limited to small according to the gain-bandwidth input of the operational amplifier. In addition, when using series resistors, a large number of resistors and thus the matching of resistors cause major problems. Matching the resistors 25 is a task that requires special precision and care. A prior art implementation of line interface circuit monitoring with a series resistors is described in IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, SC-21, (1986), 2, Pieters JF, Moons E., Wil-30 locx E :, Beckers S., A Monolithic 70-V Subscriber Line Interface Circuit, pp. 252-258 ".

Toinen tapa toteuttaa linjajohtimen jånnitteen ja virran tarkkailu on tarkkailla linjajohtimiin kytkettyjen linjavahvistimien virrankulutusta. Tållaisessa virrantark-35 kailuperiaatteeesa on sarjavastukset linjavahvistimien 2 annossa våltetty seuraamalla antovirran sijaan vahvistimi-en virrankulutusta. Tallainen virrantarkkailuperiaate pe-rustuu virtapeilien kayttoon. Tålloin, jotta linjaliitån-tåpiirin eli linjaliitånnan virrankulutus saadaan mahdol-5 lisimman pieneksi taytyy virtapeilien virtapeilaussuhteet mitoittaa siten, ettå ne ovat paljon pienempiå kuin yksi, tyypillisesti 1/100. Tållaisia virtapeilaussuhteita on kuitenkin vaikea toteuttaa riittavan tarkasti. Lisåksi, koska virtapeilit vaimentavat signaalia, on signaalia vah-10 vistettava vastaavasti virta-jånnitemuunnoksen yhteydesså, jolloin piirin hairioetåisyys pienenee.Another way to implement line conductor voltage and current monitoring is to monitor the power consumption of line amplifiers connected to line conductors. In such a current-accurate oscillation principle, the series resistors in the output of the line amplifiers 2 are avoided by monitoring the current consumption of the amplifiers instead of the output current. Such a current monitoring principle is based on the use of current mirrors. In this case, in order to keep the current consumption of the line connection circuit, i.e. the line connection, as low as possible, the current mirror ratios of the current mirrors must be dimensioned so that they are much smaller than one, typically 1/100. However, such current mirror ratios are difficult to implement with sufficient accuracy. In addition, since the current mirrors attenuate the signal, the signal must be amplified accordingly in connection with the current-voltage conversion, whereby the interference distance of the circuit is reduced.

Eras tapa linjajohtimen jånnitteen ja virran tark-kailemiseksi on toteuttaa linjaliitåntå virtavahvistimil-la. Tålloin linjaliitåntåpiirisså signaali syotetåån lin-15 jaile kahdella siirtokonduktanssivahvistimella, ja vastaavasti linjalla oleva signaali vastaanotetaan vahvistimel-la, ja sen antama signaali takaisinkytketåån linjavahvis-timille siirtofunktiolla halutun pååteimpedanssin saavut-tamiseksi. Myos tåsså ratkaisussa komponenttien sovitus 20 aiheuttaa ongelmia.An Eras way to monitor the voltage and current of a line conductor is to implement a line connection with current amplifiers. In this case, in the line connection circuit, the signal is applied to the lines 15 by two transmission conductance amplifiers, and correspondingly the signal on the line is received by the amplifier, and the signal provided by it is fed back to the line amplifiers to achieve the desired terminal impedance. Also in this solution, the matching of the components 20 causes problems.

Siis kaikissa nåisså tekniikan tason mukaisissa ratkaisuissa ongelmia tuottavat komponenttien sovittaminen ja vahvistimien minimointi.Thus, in all of these prior art solutions, the matching of components and the minimization of amplifiers present problems.

Keksinnon tarkoituksena on ratkaista ongelmat, jot-25 ka syntyvåt kun linjaliitåntåpiirin virrantarkkailupiiri toteutetaan sarjavastuksien ja normaalia operaatiovahvis-tinta kåyttåvån differentiaalivahvistimen avulla. Tållaisia ongelmia ovat kåytettåvien useiden vastusten vaatima suurta tarkkuutta vaatima sovitustyo.The object of the invention is to solve the problems which arise when the current monitoring circuit of a line connection circuit is implemented by means of series resistors and a differential amplifier using a normal operational amplifier. Such problems are the high-precision matching required by the multiple resistors used.

30 Tåma uudentyyppinen differentiaalinen virrantark kailupiiri saavutetaan keksinnonmukaisella jårjestelyllå, joka on tunnettu siitå, ettå kåytetty virrantarkkailupiiri kåsittåå yhden tai useampia jånnitevirtamuuntimia asetet-tuna ensimmåisen ja toisen johtimen vålille, ensimmåisen 35 ja toisen johtimen vålisen potentiaalieron måårittåmiseksi 91454 3 ja sen muuntamiseksi virraksi.This new type of differential current monitoring circuit is achieved by the arrangement according to the invention, characterized in that the current monitoring circuit used comprises one or more voltage transformers 3 between its first and second current transducers, located between the first and second conductors.

Keksinto perustuu siihen ajatukseen, ettå kytketaån kahden, tarkkailtavan linjaliitåntåpiirin johtimen vålille jånnitevirtamuuntimia siten, ettå saadaan muutetuksi nåil-5 lå kahdella johtimella olevien våhintåån kahden pisteen vålinen potentiaaliero differentiaaliseksi virraksi.The invention is based on the idea of connecting voltage current converters between the conductors of two monitored line connection circuits in such a way that the potential difference between at least two points on the two conductors can be converted into a differential current.

Tållaieen differentiaalisen virrantarkkailupiirin etuna on se, ettå sen kåyttåminen våhentåå sovitettavien komponenttien lukumååråå. Samoin keksinnon toteutus vaatii 10 våhemmån tilaa piiriltå tax piirilevyltå. Lisåksi keksin-nonmukaisessa kytkennåsså kåytettåvån virtamuuntimen an-siosta yhteismuotoinen vaimennussuhde (CMRR) saadaan halu-tulle tasolle ilman erittåin tarkasti tehtåvåå sååtoå ja sovitusta, jolloin piirin toteutuksessa voidaan jåttåå 15 yksi tyovaihe pois. Erås keksinnon etu on, ettå se voidaan toteuttaa erilaisia integrointitapoja hyvåksikåyttåen. Keksinto voidaan toteuttaa jånnitekestoisemmilla ja siten hitaammilla piirielimillå, esimerkiksi CMOS, BiCMOS- tai bipolaaripiireillå. Tåmå ominaisuus on hyvin olennainen 20 linjaliitåntåpiirien yhteydesså, sillå linjaliitåntåpiire-jå toteutettaessa halutaan pååstå mahdollisimman hyvåån jånnitekestoisuuteen. Lisåksi kåytettåesså keksinnon mu-kaista jårjestelyå ei kahden johtimen vålistå jånnite-eroa mittaavien virtamuuntimien syottåmien virtojen vertaami-25 sessa vaadita erillistå elintå, vaan toisillensa vastak-kaissuuntaiset virrat voidaan suoraan yhdiståå, jolloin ne kåytånnosså våhennetåån toisistaan. Keksinnonmukaisessa ratkaisussa saadaan myos kåytetyillå vahvistimilla aikaan suuri vahvistus, ilman, ettå joudutaan rajoittamaan kais-30 tanleveyttå. Tåmån seurauksena kåytetyt sarjavastukset voivat olla niin pieniå, ettå ne eivåt håiritse tarkkail-tavaa piiriå, eli linjajohdinta. Kaistanleveyden kasvatta-minen tai pitåminen mahdollisimman suurena mahdollistaa vastaavasti linjaliitåntåpiirin siirtonopeuksien kasvatta-35 misen, jolloin mahdollistuu esimerkiksi linjaliitånnån 4 kåyttåminen ISDN-siirrossa.The advantage of such a differential current monitoring circuit is that its use reduces the number of components to be matched. Likewise, the implementation of the invention requires 10 less space on the circuit board. In addition, thanks to the current converter used in the circuit according to the invention, the common mode damping ratio (CMRR) can be obtained to the desired level without very precise adjustment and adjustment, whereby one operation step can be omitted in the implementation of the circuit. One advantage of the invention is that it can be implemented using various integration methods. The invention can be implemented with more voltage-resistant and thus slower circuit elements, for example CMOS, BiCMOS or bipolar circuits. This feature is very essential in connection with 20 line connection circuits, because when implementing line connection circuits, it is desired to achieve the best possible voltage resistance. In addition, when using the arrangement according to the invention, a separate element is not required for comparing the currents supplied by the current transducers measuring the voltage difference between the two conductors, but opposite currents can be directly connected to each other, in which case they are used in practice. In the solution according to the invention, high amplification is also achieved with the amplifiers used, without having to limit the bandwidth. As a result, the series resistors used may be so small that they do not interfere with the circuit being monitored, i.e. the line conductor. Increasing or keeping the bandwidth as large as possible makes it possible to increase the transmission speeds of the line connection circuit, which makes it possible, for example, to use line connection 4 in ISDN transmission.

Keksintoå selitetåån låhemmin seuraavassa viitaten oheisiin piirustuksiin, joissa kuvio 1 esittåå kahden johtimen virtaa tarkkailevan 5 differentiaalisen virrantarkkailupiirin rakenteen.The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows the structure of a differential current monitoring circuit 5 for monitoring the current of two conductors.

kuvio 2 esittåå yksityiskohtaisemmin eråån kuviossa 1 esitetyn jånnitevirtamuuntimen rakenteen.Fig. 2 shows in more detail the structure of a voltage current converter shown in Fig. 1.

KeksinnSlle tyypillisesså, kuvassa 1 esitetysså, ratkaisussa on kahdelle linjajohtimelle 1, 2, joilla kul-10 kevaa virtaa halutaan tarkkailla, kytketty sarjavastukset RS1 ja RS2. Niiden tehtåvånå on muodostaa jånnite-ero pis-teiden A ja B vålille johtimella 1 ja vastaavasti pistei-den C ja D vålille johtimella 2. Keksinnon mukaisessa vir-rantarkkailupiirisså on vahvistimen A3 positiivinen napa, 15 joka on merkitty Y:llå, kytketty johtimeen 1 sarjavastuk-sien RS1 ja RS2 ensimmåiselle puolelle. Vahvistimen A3 negatiivinen napa on kytketty saman vahvistimen antoport-tiin X. Samalla tavalla on vahvistimen A4 positiivinen napa Y2 kytketty johtimeen 2 sarjavastuksien RS1 ja RS2 20 toiselle puolelle. Vahvistimen A4 negatiivinen napa on kytketty saman vahvistimen antoporttiin X2. Vahvistimen Al positiivinen napa, on kytketty johtimeen 2 sarjavastuksien RS1 ja RS2 ensimmåiselle puolelle. Vahvistimen Al negatiivinen napa on takais inky tke tty saman vahvistimen antoport-25 tiin. Vastaavasti on samalla tavoin kytketty vahvistimen A2 positiivinen napa johtimeen 1 ja negatiivinen napa takais inky tketty vahvistimen antoon. Vahvistimet Al ja A2 toimivat jånniteseuraajina, jolloin vahvistin Al vålittåå johtimen 2 potentiaalin pisteestå C antopuolelleen. Vas-30 taavasti vahvistin A2 vålittåå johtimen 1 potentiaalin pisteestå B antopuolelleen. Vahvistimien A3 ja Al våliin on kytketty vastus RI sekå vastaavasti vahvistimien A4 ja A2 vålille on kytketty vastus R2. Mikåli johtimella 1 kul-kee virtaa ja pisteen A potentiaali on pienempi, kuin pis-35 teen C potentiaali alkaa vahvistimien A3 ja Al vålillå, 91454 5 vastuksen Ri låvitse, kulkea virta II vahvistimen A3 port-tiin X. Tåmå virta kuvautuu vahvistimen A3 ja ohjatun låh-teen eli virtapeilin Cl muodostaman jånnitevirtamuuntimen CC1 antopuolelle pisteeseen Z. Jånnitevirtamuuntimia on 5 kuvattu låhemmin kirjassa "Toumazou C., Lidgey F.J., Haigh D.G. (toim.), Analogue IC design: the current-mode approach, 1990, Peter Peregnirus Ltd, Lontoo, s. 93-178." Vas-taavasti, kun johtimella 1 kulkee virtaa ja pisteen B po-tentiaali on suurempi, kuin pisteen D potentiaali, alkaa 10 vahvistimien A4 ja A2 vålillå, vastuksen R2 låvitse kulkea virta 12 vahvistimen A4 portiin X. Tåma virta kuvautuu vahvistimen A4 ja ohjatun låhteen eli virtapeilin C2 muodostaman jånnitevirtamuuntimen CC2 antopuolelle pisteeseen Z. Nåisså kytkennoisså toimivat vahvistimet A3 ja A4 jån-15 nitevirtamuuntimien CC1 ja CC2 antoportteina, jotka ohjaa-vat jånnitevirtamuuntimien ulostuloporttien virtalåhteitå Cl ja C2 syottåmåån jånnitevirtamuuntimista ulos virtoja, joiden suuruus on verrannollinen vastuksien RI ja R2 låpi-meneviin virtoihin eli II ja 12. Virtalåhteiden II ja 12 20 syottåmat virrat ovat vastakkaismerkkisiå, koska jånnite-virtamuunnin CC1 on kytketty johtimeen 1 ja jånnitevirta-muunnin CC2 on kytketty johtimeen 2. Jånnitevirtamuuntimien CC1 ja CC2 Z-porttiensa kautta syottåmåt virrat yhdis-tetåån (eli summataan) pisteesså 10, ja koska virrat ovat 25 vastakkaismerkkiset muodostuu virtoja yhdistettåesså nii-den erotus, eli se erovirta, IOUT, joka on verrannollinen (linja) johtimilla 1 ja 2 kulkevien virtojen erotukseen. Tåmån erovirran IOUT osan kulkiessa differentiaalisen vir-rantarkkailupiirin ulostulon ja maan våliin kytketyn vas-30 tuksen R3 låpi saadaan vastaava erojånnite, joka on ver-rannollinen johtimilla 1 ja 2 kulkevien virtojen erotukseen.In the solution typical of the invention, shown in Fig. 1, series resistors RS1 and RS2 are connected to two line conductors 1, 2, with which it is desired to monitor the current flow. Their function is to generate a voltage difference between points A and B on conductor 1 and between points C and D on conductor 2, respectively. In the current monitoring circuit according to the invention, the positive terminal 15 of amplifier A3, marked Y, is connected to conductor 1. to the first side of the series resistors RS1 and RS2. The negative terminal of the amplifier A3 is connected to the output port X of the same amplifier. Similarly, the positive terminal Y2 of the amplifier A4 is connected to the conductor 2 on the other side of the series resistors RS1 and RS2. The negative terminal of amplifier A4 is connected to output port X2 of the same amplifier. The positive terminal of the amplifier A1, is connected to the conductor 2 on the first side of the series resistors RS1 and RS2. The negative terminal of amplifier A1 is reconnected to the output port of the same amplifier. Correspondingly, the positive pole of the amplifier A2 is connected to the conductor 1 in the same way and the negative pole is reconnected to the output of the amplifier. Amplifiers A1 and A2 act as voltage followers, whereby amplifier A1 transmits the potential of conductor 2 from point C to its output side. Correspondingly, amplifier A2 transmits the potential of conductor 1 from point B to its output side. A resistor RI is connected between the amplifiers A3 and A1, and a resistor R2 is connected between the amplifiers A4 and A2, respectively. If current is flowing through conductor 1 and the potential at point A is less than the potential at point C of pis-35 between amplifiers A3 and A1, 91454 5 through resistor Ri, current II flows through port X of amplifier A3. This current is described by amplifier A3 and to the output side of the voltage-to-current converter CC1 formed by the controlled source, i.e. the current mirror C1, to the point Z. , London, pp. 93-178. " Correspondingly, when current flows through conductor 1 and the potential of point B is greater than the potential of point D, 10 begins to flow between amplifiers A4 and A2, current 12 flows through resistor R2 to port X of amplifier A4. This current is represented by amplifier A4 and controlled source. that is, to the output side of the voltage converter CC2 formed by the current mirror C2 to the point Z. In these connections, the amplifiers A3 and A4 act as output ports of the to currents II and 12. The currents supplied by current sources II and 12 20 are of opposite signals because the voltage-current converter CC1 is connected to conductor 1 and the voltage-current converter CC2 is connected to conductor 2. The currents of the voltage-current converters CC1 and CC2 are supplied via their Z-ports. (i.e. summed) at point 10, and k since the currents are 25 opposite signs, the currents are formed by combining their difference, i.e. the difference current, IOUT, which is proportional to the difference of the currents flowing through the (line) conductors 1 and 2. As part of this differential current IOUT passes through the output of the differential current monitoring circuit and the resistor R3 connected between the ground, a corresponding differential voltage is obtained, which is proportional to the difference between the currents flowing through the conductors 1 and 2.

Kuvio 2 esittåå yksityiskohtaisemmin kuviossa 1 esitetyn jånnitevirtamuuntimen CC1 rakenteen, esittåmållå 35 tarkemman kuvauksen kuviossa 1 olevasta katkoviivalla ero- 6 tetusta alueesta CC1. Trans is tor it MD5, MD1, MD2, MD3 ja MD4 muodostavat jånnitevirtamuuntimen CC1 operaatiovahvis-tinsolun A3. Transistorit MB4 ja MB6 muodostavat operaa-tiovahvistimen A3 pååtefetit. Jånnitevirtamuuntimen CC1 5 ohjattuvirtalåhde Cl on toteutettu transistorien Hl, M2, M5 ja M6 muodostaman virtapeilisolun avulla.Fig. 2 shows in more detail the structure of the voltage current converter CC1 shown in Fig. 1, showing 35 a more detailed description of the dashed area CC1 in Fig. 1. Trans is Tor it MD5, MD1, MD2, MD3 and MD4 form the operational amplifier cell A3 of the voltage current converter CC1. Transistors MB4 and MB6 form the terminal facets of the operational amplifier A3. The controlled current source C1 of the voltage current converter CC1 5 is implemented by means of a current mirror cell formed by the transistors H1, M2, M5 and M6.

Piirustukset ja niihin liittyvå selitys on tarkoi-tettu vain havainnollistamaan keksinnon ajatusta. Yksi-tyiskohdiltaan voi keksinnon mukainen differentiaalinen 10 virrantarkkailupiiri vaihdella patenttivaatimusten puit-teissa. Vaikka keksintoå onkin edellå selitetty låhinnå puhelinlinjojen linjaliitåntåpiirien yhteydesså, voidaan keksinnonmukaista differentiaalista virrantarkkailupiiriå kåyttåå muunkinlaisessa virrantarkkailussa.The drawings and the related explanation are only intended to illustrate the idea of the invention. The details of the differential current monitoring circuit 10 according to the invention may vary within the scope of the claims. Although the invention has been described above mainly in connection with line connection circuits for telephone lines, the differential current monitoring circuit according to the invention can be used in other types of current monitoring.

Claims (2)

9145491454 1. Differentiaalinen virrantarkkailupiiri, ensimmåisen (1) ja toisen (2) johtimen vålisen virtaeron tark- 5 kailemiseksi kasittåen våhintåån kaksi sarjavastusta (RSI, RS2), jotka ovat sovitettuina vastaavasti ensimmåiseen (1) ja toiseen (2) johtimeen, tunnettu siitå, ettå virrantarkkailupiiri kasittåå yhden tai useampia jånnitevirtamuuntimia (CC1, CC2) asetettuna ensimmåisen 10 (1) ja toisen (2) johtimen vålille, ensimmåisen (1) ja toisen (2) johtimen vålisen potentiaalieron måårittåmisek-si ja sen muuntamiseksi virraksi.A differential current monitoring circuit for monitoring the current difference between a first (1) and a second (2) conductor comprising at least two series resistors (RSI, RS2) arranged in the first (1) and second (2) conductors, respectively, characterized in that the current monitoring circuit comprises one or more voltage current converters (CC1, CC2) interposed between the first 10 (1) and second (2) conductors to determine the potential difference between the first (1) and second (2) conductors and to convert it into current. 2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen differentiaalinen virrantarkkailupiiri, tunnettu siitå, ettå 15 piirijårjestely kåsittåå; - ensimmåisen jånniteseuraajan (Al) ja ensimmåisen jånnitevirtamuuntimen (CC1) sarjaankytkennån, joka on kyt-ketty mainittujen johtimien (1, 2) vålille mainittujen sarjavastuksien (RSI, RS2) ensimmåiselle puolelle siten, 20 ettå ensimmåinen jånnitevirtamuunnin (CC1) on kytketty ensimmåiseen johtimeen (1) ja ensimmåinen jånniteseuraaja (Al) on kytketty toiseen johtimeen (2), - toisen jånniteseuraajan (A2) ja toisen jånnitevirtamuuntimen (CC1) sarjaankytkennån, joka on kytketty 25 mainittujen johtimien (2, 1) vålille mainittujen sarjavastuksien (RSI, RS2) toiselle puolelle siten, ettå toinen jånniteseuraaja (A2) on kytketty ensimmåiseen johtimeen (1) ja toinen jånnitevirtamuunnin (CC2) on kytketty toiseen johtimeen (2), 30. vålineen (10) ensimmåisen (CC1) ja toisen (CC2) jånnitevirtamuuntimen ulostulovirtojen (Z) erotuksen (IOUT) muodostamiseksi.A differential current monitoring circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the circuit arrangement comprises; - a series connection of a first voltage follower (A1) and a first voltage current converter (CC1) connected between said conductors (1, 2) to the first side of said series resistors (RSI, RS2) so that the first voltage converter (CC) is connected to the first voltage converter (CC) 1) and the first voltage follower (A1) is connected to the second conductor (2), - a series connection of the second voltage follower (A2) and the second voltage current converter (CC1) connected between said conductors (2, 1) to the second of said series resistors (RSI, RS2) side so that the second voltage follower (A2) is connected to the first conductor (1) and the second voltage current converter (CC2) is connected to the second conductor (2), 30 means (10) to form a difference (IOUT).
FI924483A 1992-10-05 1992-10-05 Differential current monitoring circuit FI91454C (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI924483A FI91454C (en) 1992-10-05 1992-10-05 Differential current monitoring circuit
AU48220/93A AU4822093A (en) 1992-10-05 1993-10-04 Differential current sensing circuit
GB9507066A GB2285870B (en) 1992-10-05 1993-10-04 Differential current sensing circuit
PCT/FI1993/000397 WO1994008246A1 (en) 1992-10-05 1993-10-04 Differential current sensing circuit

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI924483A FI91454C (en) 1992-10-05 1992-10-05 Differential current monitoring circuit
FI924483 1992-10-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
FI924483A0 FI924483A0 (en) 1992-10-05
FI91454B FI91454B (en) 1994-03-15
FI91454C true FI91454C (en) 1994-06-27

Family

ID=8535979

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FI924483A FI91454C (en) 1992-10-05 1992-10-05 Differential current monitoring circuit

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4822093A (en)
FI (1) FI91454C (en)
GB (1) GB2285870B (en)
WO (1) WO1994008246A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2059924C3 (en) * 1970-12-05 1973-11-29 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin U. 8000 Muenchen Method and circuit arrangement for measuring the difference between measured values falling as electrical voltages or currents
AT344255B (en) * 1976-03-01 1978-07-10 Siemens Ag Oesterreich DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT EVALUATION DEVICE FOR EARTH FAULT MONITORING OF TWO-WIRE CABLES, EACH FORMING A LOOP, IN PARTICULAR TELEPHONE CABLES

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2285870A (en) 1995-07-26
GB2285870B (en) 1996-02-14
FI924483A0 (en) 1992-10-05
GB2285870A8 (en) 1995-08-29
GB9507066D0 (en) 1995-05-31
FI91454B (en) 1994-03-15
AU4822093A (en) 1994-04-26
WO1994008246A1 (en) 1994-04-14

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