FI91274C - Detergent and method for its preparation - Google Patents

Description

91274

The present invention relates to a universal detergent.

Detergents, such as shampoos for washing hair, are known to be based on surfactants, which are generally anionic, nonionic or amphoteric. Typical anionic agents are long chain alkyl or alkylaryl sulfate and -10 sulfonate salts such as alkali metal, typically sodium, or organic salts such as di- and / or triethanolamine salts. Nonionic surfactants used in detergents include, for example, ethoxylated long chain alkyl amides and esters.

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Numerous publications are known from the patent literature relating to the use of different combinations of surfactants in different detergents. By way of example, EP patent application 232 153 relates to a detergent, in particular for hand dishwashing, which in addition to an anionic detergent contains anionic alkyl ether sulphate (ethoxylated alkyl sulphate), a foaming agent and a non-ionic alcohol, for example polyethoxylated alcohol.

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For example, a shampoo for washing hair must not degrease the skin too effectively and must improve the styling of the hair. Hair shampoos, on the other hand, cannot be used as a technical shampoo, for example for washing cars, due to their tendency to hydrolysis, which results in a corrosive effect on metal and paint. In car shampoos, the triethanolamine salt of alkylbenzenesulfonates is used as a surfactant, which does not corrode metal or leave stains on the paint surface. However, such substances are associated with negative health effects, which precludes their use, for example, for washing hair or as a bath foam.

• 91274 2

Bath foam must have good foam stability, even at low concentrations, and must promote the absorption of biologically useful substances through the skin.

5 Certain special properties are also required for sham poles intended for the treatment of carpets and hides.

In addition, the surfactants on which the various shampoos are based must be compatible with the other components of the recipe and ensure the homogeneity and clarity of the shampoo even during long-term storage.

Known shampoos are multi-stage and capricious in their manufacturing methods, employ staff and thus economically disadvantageous, and do not lead to a product that is optimal in terms of its quality properties.

Thus, there is a need for a basic surfactant mixture which is easy and economical to prepare in pure form from readily available starting materials and which, by the appropriate addition of additives and surfactants, in each case gives products suitable for different applications.

The above objects are achieved with a detergent according to the invention in which the di- and / or triethanolamine salts of long-chain primary and / or secondary alkylsulfonic acids are used as base surfactant, supplemented with other surfactants and additives, depending on the application. The detergent according to the invention can be used in various fields of technology and household, including personal hygiene, and has improved qualitative properties and is economically feasible.

The detergent according to the invention contains, as base surfactant, the following ingredients in said proportions from 3 91274 to 30 to 50 parts by weight of the di- and / or triethanolamine salt of R 3 H 3, and from 0 to 10 parts by weight of di- and / or 5 and / or a triethanolamine salt, and the detergent according to the invention is characterized in that it further contains

10 to 5 parts by weight of RCONHC2H4 (OCH2CH2) xOH of formula

and 2-2 parts by weight of an amide of the formula RC (= O) -NR, R 2, in which R represents a primary or secondary alkyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a mixture of alkyl groups, x is about 2 to 2 parts by weight. 6, and R 1 is hydrogen or hydroxy-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, and R 2 is hydroxy-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, as well as the amount of water required to adjust the appropriate active ingredient concentration and viscosity, as well as any other additives.

If water up to 100 parts by weight is added to the detergent combination as defined above, a suitable base detergent is obtained which can be further diluted with water and / or substances suitable for the particular application can be added, giving a wide range of detergents for the most diverse uses.

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The content of anionic agents in the final detergent should be about 10-35% by weight, often up to about 25% by weight. Suitable products are obtained, for example, by diluting, if necessary, the above-mentioned base detergent in a ratio of 35 base detergent: water to about 2: 1 to 1: 2.

Thus, the basic component of the detergent according to the invention consists of triion and / or diethanolamine salts of primary and secondary alkyl sulphonates, which can be represented by the formulas 5 R SO 3 NH (C 2 H 4 OH) 3 R SO 3 NH 2 (C 2 H 4 OH) 2 wherein R is as defined above the length of the carbon chain is preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms. The diethanolamine salts of said compounds preferably have a molecular weight in the range of about 310-370, and between triethanolamine salts of about 360-410.

These compounds are important to the invention in that they are not hydrolyzed, in contrast to the corresponding known sulphate salts, a property which, as mentioned above, is relevant in certain embodiments.

These ethanolamine salts can be prepared, for example, from the corresponding alkali metal salts, in particular the sodium salts, by reaction with sulfuric acid, followed by neutralization of the liberated organic acid with di- and / or triethanolamine.

A suitable alkyl salt of alkyl sulfonic acid as a starting material is the product sold under the trade name "Volgonat" (Volzhski Chemical Plant, Volgograd), which is a sodium salt of C10-C18 alkyl sulfonic acid, the alkyl sulfonate content of which may vary between about 60-80%. This product also contains some non-sulfonated compounds and inorganic salts.

As an optional surfactant component, the composition of the invention may contain triionic and / or diethanolamine salts of alkyl sulfoethoxylate of the above formula R- (OCH 2 CH 2) xOSO 3 H, wherein. 91274 5 R means the same as above and x is usually 2-5. This component, if used, can be prepared, for example, from the corresponding sodium salt, which is commercially available, for example, as "sulfoetoxylates", prepared by P / O Sintez, Nizhni-Novgorod, by treatment with sulfuric acid and neutralization with di- and / or triethanolamine.

The detergent of the invention uses ethoxylated alkanolamides of the formula RCONHC2H4 (OCH2CH2) xOH as the nonionic surfactant, wherein R is as defined above and x is preferably about 5-6. These are commercially available products. For example, a product where x is 5-6 and the hydrocarbon chain contains 10-16 carbon atoms is commercially available under the name synthamide-5 (manufactured by P / 0 15 SINTEZ, Nishni-Novgorod).

Finally, the detergent according to the invention also contains a mono- or dialkanolamide of the formula R C (= O) -NR, R 2, in which R, R 1 and R 2 have the same meaning as above. Hydroxy-C 1 -C 3 alkyl is preferably hydroxyethyl.

The function of this component is to act e.g. as a foam stabilizer additive and thickener. These are available as commercial products, such as mixtures containing alkyl groups of different lengths; examples are coconut or castor mono- or dialkanolides, such as ethanolamides, and other alloying products.

The detergent 30 according to the invention, as defined above, may, if desired and depending on the application, contain biologically active substances such as vegetable extracts, mink oil, daisy extract, pine extract, spruce extract, etc., typically up to about 1 part by weight, perfumes, all suitable fragrances being suitable. , for example Laven batch extract, usually up to about 1 part by weight, and saline (for viscosity control), usually up to about 2-3 to 91274 6 parts by weight of the masterbatch, and colorants.

According to a preferred embodiment, the detergent according to the invention is prepared in such a way that the di- and / or triethanolamine salts of the anionic components are prepared "in situ" from the corresponding alkali metal salts during the final detergent preparation, for example as disclosed in our co-pending patent application 92 2258. 10 according to. Accordingly, a mixture of an alkali metal salt of an alkylsulfonic acid, such as a sodium salt, an ethoxylated alkanolamide, an N-mono- and / or N, N-dialkanolamide, and optionally an alkali metal salt of an ethoxylated alkyl sulfate, especially a sodium salt, is treated with an excess of an alkali metal salt component. 70% sulfuric acid with stirring and, if necessary, cooling so that the temperature of the mixture rises to a maximum of about 35 ° C, after which the reaction mixture is allowed to separate into two layers, the organic acid layer is separated and neutralized with di- and / or triethanolamine for the preparation of the di- and / or triethanolamine salts of said acids, and optionally with the addition of water and customary additives and auxiliaries, such as perfumes, colorants, preservatives and table salt. Water is added to adjust the viscosity and bring the concentration of anionic substances to a suitable level.

Thus, a detergent is prepared by treating a mixture of alkyl sulfonate and any alkyl sulfate alkali salts and amides in water, the amount of water relative to the alkyl sulfonate component being non-critical, but suitably about 1: 1, concentrated, greater than about 70%, such as 75-92% with sulfuric acid. The amount of starting materials and water 35 as well as the concentration and amount of sulfuric acid are naturally interdependent and dependent on the desired end product and are selected so that the alkali metal is removed from the starting materials and free organic acid is formed. The amount of excess sulfuric acid is not critical, with a suitable excess being, for example, about 30-35% of said strong sulfuric acid.

The detergent according to the invention, due to its selected multi-active surfactants, which have been thoroughly cleaned of resins and other impurities, has soft washing properties and an excellent skin-care effect. The shampoo forms a strong and permanent foam in both 10 soft and hard water.

The detergent according to the invention is suitable for general use, for example as a hair and body shampoo, a bath foam, a gentle detergent for textiles, also for washing domestic animals and as a car shampoo. For each application, suitable additives known per se can be added to the product obtained as described above.

The acute toxicity of the main component of the basic surfactant mixture has been studied in CBWA line mice by intraperitoneal and oral administration. The mean lethal oral LD50 was 6.7 g / kg body weight. The allergenic effect was evaluated by the Over test in guinea pigs weighing 500 g. At the doses used (0.6-2.5 g / weight-25 kg) the mixture did not show an allergenic effect.

The basic detergent obtained by the process is a homogeneous, transparent liquid with a pleasant odor, without the odor of the raw materials. Its pH can be adjusted in the neutralization step by adding an interval of 30 to 30%, suitably the pH is in the range of about 5.0 to 8.5, whereby the lower pH is suitable for dry and the higher for oily hair.

The following examples illustrate the invention without limiting it in any way.

91274 δ

Example 1

A detergent was prepared containing the following ingredients 5 triethanolamine salts of alkyl sulfonates 30% by weight of synamidide-5 7 monoethanolamide 10 triethanolamine salts of alkyl sulfoethoxylate 4 - "- noble oil 0.25 -" - perfume 0.35 water ad 100 The pH is 7.2 and the viscosity at 25 ° C is 80 cSt.

Example 2 A highly foaming agent suitable for washing hair and bath foam was prepared containing the following ingredients: triethanolamine salt of alkyl sulfonates 23% by weight Syntamide-5 5 - "- monoethanolamide 4 -" - noble oil 0.25 - "- perfume 0.5 -" - table salt 2 - "- 30 water ad 100 -" -: The mixture was a homogeneous liquid.

Example 3 35

400 g of water containing 60-70% of the active ingredient of the sulfonate alkyl sulfonate (Volgonat), 200 g of water are placed in a round-bottomed, three-necked glass flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer and stirred for 1 hour. To an aqueous solution of the alkyl sulfonate is then added 80 g of ethoxylated amide (Syntamide-5) and 20 g of monoal-5 canolamide (C 1 -C 18 ethanolamide). 250 g of 80% sulfuric acid are slowly added dropwise to the mixture. During the dripping of sulfuric acid, the vessel is cooled externally with cold water so that the temperature of the vessel does not rise above 35 ° C. When sulfuric acid is added, the stirrer is switched off and the contents of graft 10 to a separatory funnel and allowed to survive for half an hour. Waste sulfuric acid with a strength of 53-58% is separated off. The upper layer of organic matter is transferred to a round-bottomed glass vessel and neutralized with 350 g of triethanolamine. 1000 g of finished product are obtained. To product 15 are added 2.5 g of spruce oil and 3.5 g of lavender extract.

Example 4

In a steel enamelled reaction vessel with a stirrer with a volume of 2 m3, 600 kg of alkyl sulfonate with an active ingredient content of 70% (Volgonat) are placed and 350 kg of water are added. After stirring the surfactant solution, 150 kg of sodium sulfoethoxylate containing 2-3 oxyethyl groups in its alkyl chain, 120 kg of Syntamide-5 and 30 kg of alkylethanolamide (C10-C18 mixture) are introduced into the solution. 420 l of sulfuric acid with a concentration of 92 l are added to the reaction mixture from an enamelled volumetric flask. Cold water is introduced into the jacket of the vessel so that the reaction can be carried out at 25-35 ° C. After the addition of the acid, the stirrer is switched off and the reaction is allowed to clear for one hour. After clarification *, the lower layer is lowered into a reaction vessel containing triethanolamine and the 55-56% waste acid is neutralized to an organic fertilizer. The mixture of organic acids remaining in the reaction vessel is neutralized with triethanolamine.

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350 kg of triethanolamine are required to obtain a neutral reaction (pH - 7). Shampoo obtained 1500 kg, viscosity 600 cSt. 2000 kg of shampoo with 100 cSt are obtained.

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Example 5

In a glass vessel equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, cooled from the outside, place 600 g of sodium alkyl-10-sulphonate with an active substance content of 60% (Volgonat) and add 300 g of water. 120 g of Syndiamide-5 and 25 g of diethanolamide (C10-C, mixture 8) are fed into the mixture. After thorough mixing, 450 g of 75% sulfuric acid are slowly added to the mixture. After all the acid has been added, the contents 15 are poured into a separatory funnel and separated into two layers. The lower layer is neutralized with potassium hydroxide and becomes a potassium fertilizer. The upper layer is neutralized with 250 g of diethanolamine. 1100 g of shampoo with a viscosity of 600 cSt are obtained. If the viscosity 20 is adjusted to 80-100 cStri, 1600-1700 g of shampoo is obtained. In this case, 1% NaCl is added.

Claims (8)

1. Detergent containing - 30-50 parts by weight of a di- and / or triethanol-amine salt of a compound of formula RSO3H, and - 0-10 parts by weight of a di- and / or triethanol amine salt of a compound of formula R (OCH2CH2) xOSO3H, characterized in that it contains in addition 10 - 5-10 parts by weight of a compound of the formula RCONHC2H4 (OCH2OCH2) xOH, - 2-5 parts by weight of an amide of the formula RC (= O) -NR, R2, and the amount of water needed for administration to a suitable anionic concentration and viscosity, and any other additives, wherein R in the above formulas represents a primary or secondary alkyl group having 6-18 carbon atoms or a mixture of alkyl groups, x represents represents an integer of about 2-6, R 2 represents hydrogen or a hydroxyalkyl of 1-3 carbon atoms, and R 2 represents a hydroxyalkyl of 1-3 carbon atoms. Detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains water up to 100 parts by weight. 25 Detergent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is diluted to a concentration of about 10-35% by weight of anionic active substances, preferably at most 25% by weight. 30 Detergent according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that R is an alkyl group having 10-18 carbon atoms or a mixture of alkyl groups. Detergent according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixture contains a triethanolamine salt of an alkyl sulfonate and optionally a triethanolamine salt of an alkyl sulfo ethoxylate. Detergent according to claim 2, characterized in that it contains at most 1 part by weight of a biologically active substance and / or odorant. Process for the preparation of a detergent according to Claim 1, characterized in that one processes a mixture containing an alkali metal salt of an alkylsulfonic acid RSO 3 H, an ethoxylated alkyl-alkanol amide RCONHC 2 H 4 (OCH 2 CH 2) xOH, an N-mono and / or N, N-dialkanolamide RC (= O) NR, R2, and optionally an alkali metal salt of an ethoxylated alkyl sulfate R (OCH2CH2) 2_50SO3H, with a strong, over 70% sulfuric acid present in excess - to the alkali metal salt components of the acids, during sarotide mixing and if necessary cooling, so that the temperature of the mixture rises to about 35 ° C, 20 liters of the reaction mixture separate into two layers, - separates the layer containing the organic acids, and neutralizes the same. with a di- and / or triethanolamine to prepare the di- and / or triethanolamine salts of said acids, and optionally adding water and other additives. 8. A process according to claim 7, characterized in that the temperature of the mixture is controlled by the rate of addition of sulfuric acid.