FI89409B - Ventilation method and ventilation arrangement - Google Patents

Description

1 8 9 Ί C 5

Air conditioning method and air conditioner

The invention relates to a method of air conditioning in which room air is circulated through a heat exchanger and 5 is blown in a substantially horizontal direction into the room by means of a supply air supply through a supply duct. The invention further relates to an air conditioner.

For room cooling, the so-called convection beams, which are 10 heat exchangers located at the top of the room that are cooled with water or other coolant. The room air cools in the silencer, increasing its density and pushing it down. This creates a continuous so-called free convection flow, whereby the air cooled in the silencer cools the room space. In addition, the walls of the 15 beams and the lamella of the heat exchanger absorb some heat radiation.

However, the convection flow is relatively slow, so the heat transfer coefficient in the silencer is low. If an attempt is made to increase the speed by increasing the temperature of the exchanger, the flow rate will increase. However, the velocity of the air flowing out of the exchanger will increase and it will fall into the cooled state and cause draft. The power of the beams is therefore not * '*. in practice it can be increased in this way, in which case the heat transfer coefficient remains low, ie the investment cost / cooling efficiency is high. The total power of the beam is also insufficient for many purposes.

Em. an attempt has been made to remedy the weakness by combining: air distribution of air conditioning into convection beams. An example of such a solution is the element disclosed in NO-Publication 161 701. Em. The NO Publication presents a • · Cooling beam, in which a convection beam is placed on both sides of the central air-conditioning duct «· · <’ ·: kl. The convection flow coming down from the beams is blown «· · to the side with the mouthpiece-35 la at the bottom of the air duct, whereby the direction of the convection flow can be reversed •« «·« · · • · · · 2 89 4C9

And the cooled air is made to mix better with the surrounding warm room air. Traction risk is significantly reduced compared to previously mentioned solutions And more power can be taken out of the transmitters than before. The arrangement according to NO-Julkalsun 5 is claimed to be able to enhance the natural convection flow through the transducer by induction caused by the nozzle gap. In reality, however, the effect remains quite small, because the convective flow when forced to turn 90 ° compresses the air outlet relatively narrow-10 sl, whereby the flow rate in the shower easily increases to such an extent that it causes draft in the room. In reality, the flow rate is so low that induction is sufficient to compensate for the loss of bellows due to the reversal of the flow. Em. for this reason the beams can achieve 15 only about 10-30 t higher power than the free flow convector poles. The limiting factor is still the risk of traction in the room due to either cold air falling or too strong a shower. The airflow from the top beam bends the jet from the nozzles downwards towards the 20 living zones, thus increasing the risk of traction.

Another example is the solution presented in FI publication Θ3,133. The FI publication contains a • described solution. Where air conditioning air, ie supply air, is blown into the room next to the convector beam. In this case, the air in the air *: 25 shower immediately starts to mix with the air in the room. Induction is negligible due to the reversal of the flow from the beam, but the immediate mixing with the room air raises the temperature of the shower, so the risk of the flow falling slightly is reduced. On the other hand, the result is aggravated by the fact that the convective flow cannot be properly • ·. ·; ·. when the flow is reversed immediately below the bar.

In addition, it is often required that the convection bar. ··: heating can also be handled. FI-Publication 83 133 has • · ·: ...: it is proposed that the heating be treated with a separate heat exchanger panel, which is installed next to the convector beam m 35, mainly giving off 3 S 9 3 C 9 heat. In this case, the costs increase considerably. And more roof space is needed, which can make it difficult to place luminaires, for example. The heat transferred mainly as radiant heat is also physiologically unpleasant due to the large radiation asymmetry, i.e. the upper body is exposed to more radiation than the lower body. Em. moreover, the arrangement is inefficient also because only the lower surface of the heat exchanger panel transfers heat to the room.

The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device by means of which the disadvantages of the prior art can be eliminated. This has been achieved by the method according to the invention. Which is characterized in that the supply air is blown vertically to a substantially closed mixing space 15 below the level of the heat exchanger. The method can be further improved by blowing the supply air 20 to draw the room air into the mixing space also below the level of the blowing. The air conditioner according to the invention. The device, in turn, is characterized in that the device comprises a substantially closed mixing space into which the room air flowing vertically through the heat exchanger 1 \ and the supply air blown through the supply duct * · j 25 is adapted to flow so that the supply air supply * and means by means of which the direction of flow of the room air flowing through the heat exchanger is adapted to be reversed substantially after the supply of the supply air: * · *: 30 before the level of the supply air supply. The operation of the device can be further improved by installing the device *. incorporating means by which the supply air blowing is • · · adapted to draw the room air into the mixing space also below the level of the blowing • «* ·· *.

The main advantage of the invention is that with the aid of the invention the total power introduced into the room can be increased almost three times compared to the free convection flow beams. The investment cost / cooling capacity is thus halved compared to previously known solutions and, in addition, the vetor risk can be substantially reduced. Thanks to efficient induction, the beam can be used not only for cooling but also for heating. By utilizing the flow properties of the convector beam, a completely draft-free and very stable circulating flow can be created in the room space.

The invention will now be described with reference to embodiments according to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 shows in principle a side view of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention, Figure 7 shows in principle a second side view of a device according to the invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of the flow embodiment provided by the embodiment of Fig. 2; 1, and Fig. 8 shows in principle a side view of a second modification of the embodiment according to Fig. 2.

Figure 1 shows an air conditioner according to the invention. the first embodiment of the device. Figure 1 shows five. the body of the air conditioner, marked with the number 1, which ••• j at the same time forms a convector beam. A heat sink 2 is placed in the upper part of the body 1, into which the cooling duct is introduced by 35 pipes 3. The air-conditioning air, i.e. the supply air is introduced by means of a duct • »· • · 1 '5 8 9 <i C 9 4 into the housing 9 formed by the body 1 and guide plates 5 substantially below the level of the heat exchanger. Em. the duct 4 and the housing 9 together form the supply air supply duct. The inlet account is blown from the supply duct 4,9 5 through small nozzles 6 at high speed into a substantially closed mixing space 10. In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the mixing space 10 consists of a space delimited by guide plates 5 and body 1 walls. The nozzles 6 are arranged at smaller intervals in one or more rows over the entire length 10 of the body 1. The high-velocity air jet d discharged from the nozzles 6 draws room air a through the heat exchanger 2 into the mixing space 10 in the mixing space. blowing direction-15 sex, whereby mixing is efficient and impulse loss when the flow is reversed is almost completely eliminated.

The supply air blowing, i.e. the shower d, also draws uncooled room air below the level of the blowing through at least one opening 7 as a partial flow c. In the mixing mode 10, the air flowing into the mixing space 10 is mixed with the jet d. The temperature of the mixture is higher than,. temperatures of convection air b and supply air d. Temperature! **. can even be adjusted by adjusting the surface area 11 of the opening or openings 7 by means of an adjustment damper or other similar mechanism.

* 1 25 The mixture of convection air b, supply air d and room air coming from below '· c flows through the openings 8 into the room space, where it * 1 continues to draw mixing air f around it. However, the velocity of the air jet e is already considerably reduced due to the mixing. And since its temperature is higher than the temperature of the supply air jet, the jet e does not fall easily either. Overall, the risk of traction in the room space *. in the coiling zone is significantly reduced due to better mixing * · 1 ·.

»· · * · * ·; · 'Since the mixing air c is also taken into the mixing space: V: 35 from below, the mixing is intensified in the mixing mode 10. Spraying • ·« «• 1 6 8 9 4 C 9 when the speed also decreases much faster when it gives up movement energy in both directions. The convection air b coming from above is also unable to bend the jet e downwards. So the risk of the flow falling is reduced.

The basic idea of the invention is thus to provide power induction and mixing of room air with cooled air already inside the convection beam, whereby the air entering the room is already heated and does not fall down at a high speed and cause draft. When 10 room air is taken into the beam as mixing air, it stabilizes the room flows so as to provide a constant circulating flow, which further reduces the draft risk. Efficient induction is achieved by reversing the convection flow with the baffles, where the flow losses are small, arranging the mixing to take place in a loose space with mixing air coming from all sides and using small nozzles to blow the supply air.

As stated above, it is very essential that the supply air is blown through the small nozzles 6. The flow from a small nozzle smaller than 10 mm takes 20 mixing air all around, so it releases its kinetic energy into the surrounding air over a very short distance, reducing the speed of the air in the shower rapidly. Because! '*. the intake of the mixing air is symmetrical, there is also no rapid 1 * users and the resulting friction losses in the shower. Overall • · · * · * | 25 this results in a so-called the induction ratio is very high, for example the air flow of a jet flowing from a 5 mm nozzle has increased tenfold at a distance of about 200 mm from the nozzle. The corresponding distance required to achieve a mixing ratio of n is, for example, several to 30 times when blown from a slit nozzle.

When the shower slows down a short distance, the air speed *. the shower may be large and there is still no risk of traction ···; mi? daily. As the velocity in the shower increases, the vacuum in the shower ** ·· * also increases and the shower d draws both 35 convection air b and the mixing air c more efficiently. In this way, the air velocity through the heat exchanger 2 can be increased so that a forced flow is created instead of a convection flow. ♦ · • ♦ • ♦ ♦ • ♦ · • · 7 894C9. The heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger is substantially improved.

With the device according to the invention, the body 1 of the convection beam and the casing of the housing 9, i.e. the part of the supply channel, can be utilized as heat transfer surfaces by providing the surfaces with heat transfer means. The heat transfer means can, of course, also be placed elsewhere in the supply duct and in the mixing space. In the example of Figure 8, the heat transfer vanes are formed of tubes 16, 17 in which heat transfer medium flows. Supply air flows on the inner surface of the supply duct 9 and on the outer surface, i.e. in the mixing chamber 10, the secondary air induced by the nozzle 6 around the nozzle teams 6 and the openings 7. With the arrangement of Figure 8, the heat mixes rapidly with the room air and is evenly distributed in the room without forming a temperature layer which is perceived as physiologically unpleasant. The arrangement also saves heat because the average room temperature is the same as the minimum temperature. For example, the upper surface of the heat sink panel of FX Publication 83 133 heats only the upper part of the room, whereby the temperature difference between the lower and upper part of the room may be 5-6 ° C, i.e. the difference in average temperatures is 2-3 ° C. This means 10-15%. · · \ 'Difference in the use and cost of thermal energy. Heating time • · * · * | The 25 nepotes can, of course, be placed in any part of the • «· * · '· convection bar.

The basic idea of the invention can be applied in several different ways. In the embodiment of Fig. 2, in fact, two devices according to Fig. 1, stored in the back, are connected, whereby a beam blowing in two directions is provided.

In the embodiment of Figure 3, air is introduced inside the beam through separate channels 12, which at the same time form the bottom of the convection beam. Nozzles 6 are formed in the above.

35 channels. The convection is controlled by a separate control plate or plates. Instead of two channels, for example, one oval channel 13 can be used, which is marked in Fig. 3 with broken lines.

Various functions can be included in the convection bar, such as the adjustment or setting of the mixing air flow c, which in Fig. 6 is made by adjusting or setting the height position of the housing 9, i.e. the part of the supply duct. The housing 9 is in the normal position in Fig. 6. Figure 6 also shows the position of the housing in broken lines (where the bottom 14 of the housing closes the opening 7.

The adjustment or setting of the secondary air, i.e. the air flow c, can also be carried out according to Fig. 7, with an adjusting flap IS arranged on the bottom 20 of the body 1, which in Fig. 7 is drawn in the normal position and in the broken lines in the fully open position. 15 The adjusting device can also be an L-rail Etc. sliding along the bottom.

Fig. 4 shows in principle one possible situation in which the device according to Fig. 1 is placed in a room space. When the device according to the invention is suitably introduced into the room, both the air extraction e and the mixing air-20 flow c amplify each other's effect and a steady circulating flow is created in the room, where there are no speed peaks As is known, the circulating flow remains well t · · * ‘I with a small increase in energy per moving mass unit« · 4 '·' · 25. The flow is also very stable, i.e. when the flow • ♦ \ ** i is disturbed, the flow returns to circulating flow as soon as the disturbance disappears. When the placement in the room is suitable, the room's heat sources can also be used to amplify the circulating flow. Heat loads are bound to air as it flows in space j1 · 1; 30 across, reducing the density of the air And it • rises up the other side of the room. In Fig. 4, the air flow e from the beam • i · is colder than the ambient air and its density is higher, so that the air begins to settle and sinks down on the other side of the 4 44 room as flow g, which before. · .1. 35 floor levels turn And flows across the room as flow h.

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On the way, the air heats up, in which case it rises as a flow i. The device according to Figure 1 must therefore be placed next to the wall of the room in the upper corner.

Figure 5 shows the location of the device 5 according to Figure 2 and the air flows in the room. The descending flow g1 # g2 is generated on both sides of the beam as mirror images. The currents turn before the floor level And flow across the room as flows hx, h ,. The flows converge in the middle into one flow 1. In this case, the device 10 according to the invention must therefore be placed in the middle of the room near the ceiling.

The application examples presented above are in no way intended to limit the invention, but the invention can be modified completely freely within the scope of the claims. Thus, it is clear that the device according to the invention or its details do not necessarily have to be exactly as shown in the figures, but other solutions are possible. In all embodiments of the figures, blow-in room air draft from below the blow plane has been used. However, it is also entirely possible to apply the invention in such a way that an opening or openings 7 are omitted from the applications, in which case the above-mentioned room air is not drawn below the level of the blowing.

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Claims (14)

Ventilation method, in which the air in the room is caused to rotate through a heat exchanger (2) and is blown in a substantially horizontal direction into the room by means of the inlet air flow fed through an inlet duct, characterized in that the inlet air is blown into the room. vertical direction to a substantially closed mixer space (10) located below the heat exchanger (2) of the heat exchanger (10), and the direction of air purification in the room (b) flowing through the heat exchanger (2) is reversed after the heat exchanger before the inlet plane blowing substantially in the direction of the inlet air blowing (d). Ventilation method according to claim 1, characterized in that with the inlet air blow (d), the air in the room (c) is sucked into the mixer space (10). Ventilation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inlet air is blown (d) into the mixer space (10) via smelt nozzles (6) located in one or more rows. * .J .: Ventilation method according to any of the preceding claims 1-3, characterized in that the mixture of inlet air and room air is controlled into the room space, so that the air flows (c, d) have the same direction as the room in the room. the circulation flow-one. • · · 5. Ventilation method according to claim 4, ... characterized in that the direction of the flow of air is chosen so that the heat generation of the room amplifies the flow. ··· 6. Ventilation device, comprising a heating eee: ***; exchanger (2), through which the air in the room is arranged to. And circulated and arranged to be blown in substantially horizontal direction. characterized in that the device comprises a substantially closed mixer space (10), to which the air in the room 5 (b), which flows in a vertical direction through the heat exchanger (2), and the inlet air, which is blown through an inlet duct (4,9), arranged to flow sA, the plane of the inlet air blow (d) is below the plane of the heat exchanger (2), and means (5,11), with the aid of which the flow direction of the air in the room (b) which has flowed through the heat exchanger (2), the heat exchanger before the inlet air blower plane is turned essentially in the direction of the inlet air blowout (d). 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the device comprises means (7), through which the inlet air blower (d) is arranged to suck the air in the room (c) into the mixer space (10) also underneath it. of the blast (d) liilan. 8. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the inlet air k · 1 is arranged to be blown (d) into the mixing space (10) via small nozzles (6) located in one or more rows. •,in.: Device according to any of the preceding claims: claims 6-8, characterized in that the means (25) for reversing the flow direction of the air in the room (b) are control discs. • · ....: 10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the control boards At least partially • · · consist of the walls of the mixer compartment (10). .. .30 11. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the means (7), through which the inlet (d) of the air (d) into the mixer space is arranged that " 1: 1 suction the air in room 1 (c) below the plane of the blast (d), consisting of At least one orifice formed in the bottom 35 of the mixer compartment (10). 9 4 09 12. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening Mr is provided with a control device (14,15). Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the control device (14) comprises devices by means of which the positon of the input channel (9) or part thereof can be changed in relation to the opening (7). Device according to any one of the preceding claims 6-13, characterized in that the heat transfer means (16,17) are arranged in an outer space network (10) and / or the inlet duct (9) for controlling the temperature of the air. • · • «· • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • • ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m