FI83546C - EN VATTENTAET, VAEDERBESTAENDIG OCH VAESENTLIGEN OELASTISK TEXTIL, ETT FOERFARANDE FOER DESS FRAMSTAELLNING OCH ETT ELEMENT, SOM FORMATS DAERAV. - Google Patents

Description

1 83546

This invention relates to a waterproof, weatherproof and substantially non-stretchable textile, and more particularly to a substantially non-stretchable, tensile fabric coated with a weatherproof synthetic material.

It is already known to coat textiles with a suitable material for this purpose. As coating materials for textiles, e.g. the following polymers: polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride and its copolymers, polyethylene, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, polyacrylic acid esters and copolymers, polyamides, synthetic rubber and its copolymers, and silicone rubber. The unitary polymer film is formed from a polymer dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent when the solvent is evaporated from the system, or the polymer can be applied to the textile as an aqueous dispersion to form a textile. a uniform polymer film is formed when water is evaporated out of the dispersion. Thermoformable polymers can also be added in the molten state.

By forming a uniform polymer film on the textile, the textile is made waterproof. The strength properties of a coated Textile depend primarily on the base fabric material selected, its yarn strength, and the yarn density and bond of the warps and wefts. By appropriately selecting these, a textile is obtained which has the desired strength values and which does not substantially stretch in use under load. However, such a fabric as such is neither waterproof nor weatherproof. Water resistance is achieved by coating the textile with a suitable synthetic material and if flexibility, for example rollability, is required for the product, the polymer used for coating must be flexible, i. extensible. This property can be achieved with a polymer formed from one type of monomer, but usually the desired properties are achieved with copolymers formed from different monomers. Additional softness and flexibility can be obtained for the polymer by using so-called external plasticizers.

From Textilveredlung, VEB Fachbuchverlag, Leipzig, 1981, 1. Auflage, it is known to form numerous coatings on textiles and it has been found that coatings made of polyurethane aqueous dispersions do not have as good properties as solvent-based coatings, but . In addition, it states that only a few of the polyacrylates are relevant as textile coatings.

It is also previously known to coat a fiberglass fabric with an aqueous dispersion of polyurethane to obtain a very strong and waterproof textile. The higher the requirements for the weather resistance of such a product, the more expensive the polyurethane dispersion must also be used. The total price of the product then easily becomes very high, since a relatively large amount of polyurethane dispersion is needed to fill the pores in the textile so as to obtain a completely waterproof product.

However, other active ingredients are also known which provide particularly good weather resistance. Such other substances are aromatic polyimides, the preparation, properties and use of which are described, for example, in Chemical Industry 28 (1971) 2 / 97-101.

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Modern applications of polymeric materials in many contexts require a very wide range of heat resistance and thermal stability, and in particular long-term weather resistance, even in severe extreme conditions and rapidly changing extreme conditions. This is especially true for technical textiles and products made from them, such as buildings and structures, and especially when used in arctic and tropical conditions.

It is known that the mechanical properties of polyimides generally remain unchanged at an external temperature of up to 600-700 C. For example, at 500 ° C, a polyimide film is twice as strong as a polyethylene film at room temperature. Its strength at room temperature is approximately equal to that of polyethylene terephthalate film, but o considerably higher below 0 ° C. The polyimide film does not soften or melt and its elasticity is maintained between temperatures o o -200 and +400 C.

From the above, it is clear that aromatic polyimides are particularly well suited for the surface treatment of such textiles; ; : which are required to withstand weather in very severe extreme conditions. However, aromatic polyimides are very expensive and if used to coat textiles that at the same time require ve-T! durability, they have to be used very much, which makes the price of the product disproportionately high.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a more inexpensive waterproof and at the same time weatherproof and substantially non-stretchable textile coated with an even smaller amount of weatherproof active material, a substantially non-stretchable, tensile fabric, and a method of making the same.

4,83546

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a waterproof and at the same time weatherproof and substantially non-stretchable rollable textile element for use as a loaded part of a building or structure, which is a substantially non-stretchable, tensile fabric coated with an even smaller amount of weatherproof material.

The main features of the invention appear from the appended claims.

The waterproof, weatherproof and substantially non-stretchable textile of the present invention thus consists of a substantially non-stretchable, tensile fiberglass fabric impregnated with a low cost polyurethane or polyaclate as a unitary coating substrate for a a halogenated hydrocarbon polymer.

As a substantially inextensible, tensile fabric, a fiberglass fabric having a tensile strength of the order of 300 kP / 5 cm and a very low elongation of less than 5X is preferably used. Despite its high strength, such a fiberglass fabric is very light, weighing on the order of 400 g / m 2. In order for the polymer to adhere well to the glass fiber fabric, an adhesion promoter such as an organic silane, preferably a glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, may be added to the polymer mixture.

Polyurethane or polyacrylate is used as the active material with which the substantially inextensible, tensile fabric is impregnated and which forms a uniform coating substrate for the actual weather-resistant synthetic material.

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In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a glass fiber fabric impregnated with an aqueous dispersion of polyurethane or polyacrylate is contacted with fluorine gas while the fabric surface is still moist, the surface of the polyurethane or polyacrylate halogenating to form a very thin, weatherproof and chemically resistant , which surface layer at the same time forms an effective barrier against solvents and gases.

If it is desired to provide a rollable textile, the polymers used for impregnating and coating the fabric should form stretchable films, the elongation of which is preferably in the order of 100-300%, for example 200%.

As the active ingredient for impregnating the fabric, a mixture is preferably used in which the base polymer is an aliphatic polyurethane dispersion modified with an anionic aliphatic polyurethane emulsion which softens the base polymer while allowing the flexibility of the product to be controlled by crosslinking. and to control toughness properties. The total amount of anionic aliphatic polyurethane emulsion and aliphatic polyurethane emulsion in this mixture can be up to 50% by weight, however, the amount of the latter ingredient is at most about 20% by weight.

The substantially inextensible, tensile fabric of the present invention impregnated with a cost-effective polymer is coated with a halogenated polyacrylate, polyurethane or polyethylene which is known to withstand very harsh conditions.

6,83546 Such an annealing halogenated polymer can be applied to the surface of the Textile of the present invention as a very thin film, preferably having a thickness of about 2 to 180, for example 2 to 10. Although the acoustic coating is relatively expensive, the total price of the product does not become disproportionately high.

The halogenated polyurethane or polyacrylate used as a textile coating is formed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention by exposing a glass fiber fabric impregnated with polyacrylate or polyurethane to a halogen, preferably fluorine atmosphere, before the surface of the glass fiber fabric dries so that its surface is halogenated.

Thus, weathering of equal quality can also be achieved with a separately halogenated hydrocarbon polymer such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene or polyvinylidene fluoride (e.g. Pennwalt).

Corporation, USA, manufactured and marketed by TM

Kynar 600). The base is then preferably a glass fiber mat impregnated with a 100% acrylic emulsion, such as Prinol AC-338. The polyvinylidene fluoride emulsion is then applied by conventional painting and curing is carried out at 240 ° C for one minute.

The fiberglass fabric used as the substantially inextensible, tensile fabric of the Textile of the invention can be coated with a roll, like any coating substrate. On an industrial scale, the coating is performed on industrial coating lines commonly used in the paint industry, for example using calender technology, dip pool technology or curtain machine technology. It is also possible to use paper coating technology known from the plastics industry or "Hotmelt" -

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7 83546 technology. Alternatively, direct or indirect coating methods known in the art can be used, etc. The waterproof, adjustable and substantially inextensible textile according to the invention can be made into suitably sized textile elements, preferably about 25 m in length and width of about 1.2 m. Such elements can be joined together into larger entities, for example by knitting, gluing or a zipper connection, in which, for example, zippers with polyacetal hooks are attached to the fabric by a 2-needle machine from a strip which may be polyester. The zipper connection can still advantageously be covered with tape or adhesive tape, whereby the zipper connection remains below the edge of the sealing element. The connection can then be carried out at the place of use as a whole required for use, and when the need for use changes or ends, the text building can be dismantled back into its elements.

The textile elements according to the present invention can be used to make textile buildings or structures in which an even larger part of the load on the frame can be transferred to the textile elements themselves and thus lighten the frame structure, which at the same time becomes cheaper.

Applications include technical textiles, such as water and soil structures, shelters, canopies, warehouses and awnings, as well as various pioneering equipment such as bridges, barges, boats, tents, camouflage equipment, barriers and fences. The textiles according to the invention can also be used in agriculture for the construction of animal shelters, barns, production facilities, warehouses and silos. The textiles according to the invention are particularly useful in arctic and tropical construction and can be used even in conditions as harsh as in outer space.

8 83546

The invention is described in more detail below by way of example.

Example 1

A glass fiber fabric having a width of 50 mm and a tensile strength of 300 N, 2 elongation less than 5% and a weight of 400 g / m was impregnated with a water-borne aliphatic-anionic emulsion dispersion mixture, the composition of which was varied according to Table 1 below.

Table 1.

Mixture Binder Free film properties - - —e - ^ - 2- 1 23 Tensile strength N / mm Elongation at break 1 100% 20 2 80% 15% 5% 227 3 60% 20% 20% 16.5 197 4 50% 25% 25% 16,150 5 50% 10% 40% 24,35 6 50% 40% 10% 16,295

The amount of each binder can be calculated by multiplying the total amount below by the percentage above.

The composition of mixtures 1-6 was as follows:

Content% paint varnish

Co-solvent Ppopylene glycol 20

Water 100 -

Defoamer 388 K 12 10

Dispersant Dispex GA 10 "Can Poison" Proxel GLX 0.8

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Concentration%

Pigment Finntitan RR 230 a)

Binder (above 2 Witcobond V / 234 485 770 b) in 2 "W 290 ij 61 100 tical 3" W 240 60 100)

Thickener Borchigel L 75 10 10

Surface-Active. substance Surfynol 104 E 10 10 a) colloidal dispersion of aliphatic urethane, solids content 30%.

(b) anionic low-viscosity urethane latex, solids content 60%.

c) self-crosslinking aqueous polyurethane dispersion, solids content 30%.

The fiberglass fabric impregnated with these blends was finally coated with polyvinyl chloride. The result was a very strong, waterproof and weather-resistant textile in difficult and rapidly changing extreme conditions. However, the best result was obtained when the fiberglass fabric impregnated with the above mixtures was coated with a mixture of nynyvinylidene fluorides Kynar 600 (manufactured by Pennwalt Corp, USA) TM

or the Kynar 500. The weather resistance properties of these coatings remain essentially unchanged for decades.

Example 2

The fiberglass fabric used in Example 1 was impregnated with an acrylic lacquer having the following composition: Amount,%:: Primal AC-388 68: ': Water 10

Propylene glycol 5 co-solvent

Texanol 1 co-solvent

Nopco NXZ 0.2 defoamer

Primal ASE 60 (50%) 10 thickener 10 83546 Amount,%

Ammonia (25%) 0.2

Water 4.1

Nopcoside N54D 1.5 poison_ 100

Primal AC-388 is a 100% acrylic emulsion marketed by Rohm & Haas with a solids content of 49.5-50.5%. The elongation of the film made of this acrylate mixture was measured to be 300% and the tensile strength 5 N / mm. When the fiberglass fabric impregnated with this mixture was contacted with the fluorine atmosphere immediately after impregnation, a waterproof and substantially inextensible textile having a very wide range of heat resistance and thermal stability was obtained.

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Claims (10)

A waterproof, weatherproof and substantially non-stretchable textile, which is a substantially non-stretchable, tensile fabric coated with a weatherproof synthetic material, characterized in that the fiberglass fabric is impregnated with polyurethane or polyacrylate into a uniform halogenated polyethylene or a polymer of a separately halogenated hydrocarbon. Textile according to Claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the halogenated surface layer is of the order of magnitude of the halogenated polymer molecule. Textile according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the separately halogenated hydrocarbon polymer is polyvinyl chloride or fluoride, preferably polyvinylidene fluoride. 4. A method of waterproofing, weatherproofing and substantially waterproofing; : for the production of an unstretched Textile by coating a substantially inextensible, tensile fabric with a weatherproof synthetic material, characterized in that the glass fiber fabric is first impregnated with polyacrylate or polyurethane to form a uniform coating substrate on a fabric layer. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the glass fiber fabric is impregnated with an aqueous dispersion of polyurethane or polyacrylate, which, after drying, is coated with a weather-resistant surface layer material. ΐ2 835 46 Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that the glass fiber fabric is impregnated with an aqueous dispersion of polyurethane or polyacrylate and, before the surface dries, it is exposed to a fluorine atmosphere in order to halogenate the surface layer. 7. A waterproof, weatherproof and substantially non-stretchable rollable textile element for use as a loaded part of a building or structure, which is a substantially non-stretchable, tensile fabric coated with a weatherproof synthetic material, characterized in that the fabric is made of a glass fiber fabric impregnated with a glass fiber fabric. or a polyacrylate which forms a uniform coating substrate for a weatherproof halogenated polyurethane, a halogenated polyacrylate, a halogenated polyethylene or a separately halogenated hydrocarbon polymer. Θ. Textile element according to Claim 5, characterized in that it is intended to be connected to adjacent textile elements by a zipper attached to its edges or adjacent to the edges. Textile element according to claim 7 or Θ, characterized in that at least one of its sides is coated with said halogenated polyurethane, halogenated polyacrylate, halogenated polyethylene or a separately halogenated hydrocarbon polymer. Textile element according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the weather-resistant synthetic coating is polyvinyl chloride or fluoride, preferably polyvinylidene fluoride. 11 i3 83 546 fatentkrav