FI83165B - Dust separator of the cyclone type - Google Patents

Description

-1- 83165

CYCLONE TYPE DUST SEPARATOR

The invention relates to a dust separator of the cyclone type, in which, thanks to the centrifugal force, dust particles heavier than gas are ejected into the outer circumference and the purified gas can thus be removed from the central part of the cyclone. along the central tube.

5

The object of the invention is to improve the degree of separation of a cyclone based on the centrifugal force equation F = ^ -.

Commonly known separation rate enhancers are small cyclones based on radius reductions, which are formed in parallel to form cyclone groups, i.e. multicyclones. These achieve a higher degree of separation than a single cyclone of the same structure, but with a larger one.

Another factor that improves the degree of separation is the increase in velocity and the accelerating channels around the central tube, which may have openings in the outer circumference, as in German Patent 657469 or completely without bottom, as in German Patent Publication 1274857. The acceleration channel may also be intact .

A common disadvantage of all the above cyclones is that they take advantage of only one factor of the centrifugal force formula, leaving room for improvement in the separation rate of 25 cyclones.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate this disadvantage, whereby an even better degree of separation is achieved.

The invention is characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing part of the main claim.

The invention will now be described in detail by means of an exemplary operation, with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows a side view of the dust-35 separator.

-2- 83165

In the side view, the outer jacket (1) and the central tube (2) are cut at the bottom, whereby the operation of the inner parts becomes more apparent. The dust-containing gas enters under the action of suction or pressure from the mouth opening (4) into a helical acceleration channel (3), the outer wall 5 of which is the outer jacket (1) of the cyclone and the inner wall of the central tube (2). The purpose of the acceleration channel is to accelerate the flow of dust, whereby it passes to the outer wall and the cleanest gas remains next to the inner wall.

At the end of the acceleration channel (3), a number of holes (5) are drilled in its inner wall (2), from which clean gas circulates inside the central tube. In the centrifugal force equation, this means a decrease in radius, which increases the degree of separation. In summary, the acceleration channel according to the invention is a double-acting separation stage enhancer, since on the one hand it increases the velocity of the particle stream to be separated and on the other hand reduces the radius of the gas flow.

The flow from the acceleration channel discharge opening (6) to the dust chamber (7) contains the particle stream in its entirety, but only so much gas that no harmful vortices are generated in the dust chamber and the dust particles roll into the collection vessel (8).

20

The gas flow entering the central pipe (2) through the holes (5) flows upwards between the collecting funnel (10) and the guide ring (11), whereby the dust particles separated in the change of direction fall into the dust pipe of the hopper (10). The rising gas flow also keeps the gap between the sealing cone (13) and the sealing ring (12) open and simultaneously closes the dust chamber (9) at the lower end of the central tube with a flap (14) fixed to the dust tube of the sealing cone (13). When the gas flow stops, the closing cone (13) falls down on the closing ring (12), at the same time opening the closing flap (14) and the dust accumulated in the dust chamber (9) 30 and in the dust pipes (10) and (13) collapses through the chamber (7) .

During operation, the shut-off flap (14) closes the drop opening of the dust chamber (9) so that the inflow due to the pressure difference does not interfere with the settling of the dust in the dust chambers and the dust pipes and the gas (15) leaving the central pipe.

Claims (4)

A cyclone-type dust separator in which the velocity of the dust stream intended for separation is increased by a spiral acceleration channel (3) arranged between the outer casing (1) and central tube (2), the particles to be separated being passed down the outer wall of the channel (an outlet opening) ( into a dust chamber (7), characterized in that, before the outlet opening (6), purified gas can flow through a perforated inner wall (5) into the central pipe. Dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the direction of the gas flowing in the central pipe (2) above the perforated lower part is changed by means of a collection funnel (10) and a control ring (11), the solid particles separated during the change of direction falling along the dust funnel of the collection funnel down onto the bottom plane of the central chamber's dust chamber (9). Dust separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mechanical gas stream rising in the central pipe (2) pours the gap between a closing cone (13) and a closing ring (12) at the same time and closes the dust chamber (9) at the lower end of the central pipe. flap (14) which is fitted with a spring attached to the fabric tube of the closure cone (13), but shutdown of the mechanical flow settles the closure cone and flap (14) on the closure ring (12), whereby the self-draft flow is stopped and finely divided dust falls from the dust chamber (9). ) into a collection vessel (8).