FI77400C - BARKRIVARE. - Google Patents

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a single-rotor shell ripper in which the tearing takes place by means of cutting blades attached to the rotor pivots and counterblades mounted on the stator.

Bark shredders shred wood industry waste, especially bark, for use as a fuel or soil improver. The problem in tearing the shells, and especially in its automation efforts, has been the presence of stones, metal parts, and other contaminants entrained in the wood-based ingredients, as these cause malfunctions and wear the shredder quickly. Felled trees and bark material are very often stored in sandy fields, so the presence of contaminants in the bark material is the rule rather than the exception. In addition, stones and the like passing through the shredder can cause serious disruption in the later stages of the process.

Prior art tearing devices with safety systems for rocks or other hard objects use center pulleys that are articulated to the rotor and thus give in when striking the rock. The counterblades, if any, may be equipped with a simple overload protection, but the leaking structure releases fine mass into the protection device and causes operational uncertainty.

Other solutions include, for example, triggering a blockage with a breaking pin and pruning metal objects with traps or detectors. The disadvantage of current safety devices is that a blade intended for cutting wood strikes the stone with full force, e.g., before it recedes on its joints. This can happen repeatedly because the blade does not get the stone crushed, causing the blade to wear out quickly. The burglar pin solution has the same problem, but in addition, the operation is disrupted and the shredder must be stopped to replace the pin.

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Metal object detectors, on the other hand, do not prune rocks, and the operation of various traps is very uncertain. None of the known solutions take into account the disadvantage caused by large unbreakable objects in further processing, but the protective measures are only aimed at protecting the shredder blades.

The service and maintenance of the blades is usually cumbersome, so the longest possible service interval for the blades is an important feature of the shredder. In practice, however, the blades have to be serviced frequently in known devices. Different screen solutions reduce the yield of the device and pose a risk of clogging.

The object of the invention is to provide a shell tearer which does not have the above-mentioned disadvantages. The shell rupture according to the invention is mainly characterized in that the upright rotor has percussion blades fixed at the top in the incoming material direction for crushing material deposits and that the stator has at least one counterblade to allow hard objects to pass through. are at different levels in the height direction so that there is a space between the planes in which the cutting blades can move. Impact blades refer here and hereafter to blades which do not actually cut the wood but are fixedly mounted on the rotor to crush stones and other hard components so that they do not damage the cutting blade and do not proceed intact to the other stages of the process.

For example, when a metal object enters the shredder, it is clear that the impact blades will not be able to eliminate it. Therefore, the counterblades are arranged to dodge out of the way if an object comes between them and the impact blades which the impact blades have not been able to crush. Such a metal object passes through a shredder for further processing, but is easily detected there, usually due to its rather large size and with the help of metal detectors.

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Other preferred embodiments of the shell tear according to the invention are characterized by what is stated in the claims below.

The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which

Fig. 1 shows a side view and section of a shell tear according to the invention,

Fig. 2 shows a top view of a shell tear according to the invention.

The shell material is fed into the shell ripper from above through the feed hopper 1 to the upper surface of the rotating rotor 2, from where it flows into the impact blades 4, whereby the stones possibly present in the shell strike and break completely or partially. The bark material is ejected outwards by the centrifugal force into the annular space between the stator 3 and the rotor 2, where the impurities which have passed through the previous impact blades strike and crush into the hard side of the counterblades 6. The peel material is torn between the sharp edges of the blades 5, 6 and 7. As it falls down below the blades, the crushed bark material falls onto the discharge plate at the bottom of the rotor 2, from which it flies out of the outlet 8 under the effect of centrifugal force.

When an object that is too large or unbroken enters the blades, the counterblades with overload protection are flexible. In this case, the buckling rod 9 loading the counterblade buckles and allows the counterblade to turn away from the cutting space into the protective housing outside. Because the counter-blades do not recover automatically, the churn indicator on the control panel will illuminate to indicate which of the three counter-blades is flexible. Based on this, the service technician knows how to install the blade.

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It will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the various embodiments of the invention are not limited only to the example given above, but may vary within the scope of the claims set out below. Thus, in the device according to the invention, almost any material which is not too hard and which has harmful impurities in the form of stones or the like can be comminuted.

Claims (3)

5 77400 ♦ A single-rotor shell tearer, in which the tearing takes place by means of cutting blades (5) fixed by the pivot pins of the rotor (2) and counterblades (6,7) mounted on the stator (3), characterized in that the upright rotor (2) impact blades (4) And that the stator (3) has at least one counterblade (6) to allow the passage of hard objects, which is avoidable in the event of an overload And at least one fixed counterblade (7), which counterblades (6,7) are at different levels in the height so that between the planes remains a space in which the cutting blades (5) can move. Shell tear according to Claim 1, characterized in that the three receding counterblades (6) are arranged symmetrically along the stator housing immediately below the impact blades (4), and in that there are also three fixed counterblades (7) arranged vertically on the stator housing. ) and between the blades (6) which recede symmetrically in the direction of the casing. Bark tearer according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the receding counterblades (6) are provided with a protective element which gives in the event of an overload, such as a buckling rod (9), which allows the counterblade (6) to protrude from the cutting space.