FI64134C - SAMMANSAETTNING FOER TILLVERKNING AV ISOLERINGSMATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

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Patent and registration of AimBIcm uthgd och utUkilfcm pubUesrad ju.uo.oj (32) (33) (31) priority »i« rd prlorHec 11.10.71 * USSR (SU) 2066185 (71) Proxzvodstvenno-Tekhnicheskoe Obiedinenie "Ro3org

Novoslobodskaya ulitsa 73, Moscow, USSR (SU) (72) Vasily Pavlovich Mozhaev, Moscow, Ilya Yakovlevich Leichenko,

Moscow, Igor Alexandrovich Nazarov, Moscow, Viktor Alexeevich Trutnev, Moscow, Adolf Petrovich Merkin, Moscow, Evgeny Semenovich Firskin, Moscow, USSR (SU) (74) Oy Kolster Ab I (5M

The invention relates to a composition for the preparation of an insulating material containing bitumen and a porous filler.

The insulating material of the present invention can be used to protect structures against heat loss, namely as a thermal insulation layer in multilayer protective panels and coverings. In addition, the agent of this invention can be used in refrigerators.

It is generally known in the art to use a variety of insulators based on bitumen binder and porous fillers: for example, perlite-bitumen and vermiculite-bitumen-heat insulators used in components and refrigerators. The bitumen binder in these materials is the reason for their poor hygroscopicity. The fillers in these substances are swollen perlite and vermiculite with a bulk density of between 75-200 kg / m 2. Perlite bituminous materials based on expanded perlite with a maximum particle size of 3 mm and a bulk density of 200 3 3 up to 3 kg / m are widely used. 1 m of such material is made from 1.5-2.3 m of perlite and 150-200 kg of bitumen. The high proportion of spent bitumen due to the large specific surface area of the filler reduces the heat resistance of the material and increases its bulk density. This known substance has the following properties: 3 - bulk density 250-450 kg / m

- thermal conductivity coefficient 0.07-0.122 W / m ° K

2 - strength 1.5-2.0 kp / cm.

Such a material does not meet modern building standards due to its high bulk density and the high thermal conductivity makes it necessary to increase the thickness of the thermal insulation and components.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an insulating material having a low bulk density and a low thermal conductivity combined with high strength.

The present invention seeks to provide an insulating material containing ingredients having a low bulk density and a low thermal conductivity, but having a sufficiently high strength to allow the bulk density and thermal conductivity to be reduced without adversely affecting the strength of the material.

According to the present invention, there is provided a composition for preparing an insulating material, wherein the porous filler consists of swollen granules of soluble silicate having an average size of 2-10 mm, 3 2 bulk density 40-80 kg / m 3 strength 1-4 kp / cm with the components of the composition being bitumen 30-20% by weight of soluble silicate swollen granules 70-80% by weight.

3 Such an insulating material has a bulk density of between 80 and 150 kg / m, a thermal conductivity of between 0.04 and 0.07 W / m ° K, a strength of between 1.5 and 2.5 2 kp / cm and a water absorption of not more than 0.5% by weight . Thus, replacing perlite with swollen granules of soluble silicate in products based on bitumen binder results in a threefold reduction in their bulk density and a 1.5-2-fold reduction in their thermal conductivity without adversely affecting their strength.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the proposed insulating material and examples of embodiments thereof.

The swollen granules of soluble silicate are proposed for use as a porous filler in the proposed insulating material.

It is preferred that the swollen granules of the soluble silicate used as the porous filler of the proposed insulating material have the following characteristics: average size 2-10 mm, bulk density 40-80 kg / in 2 and strength 1-4 kp / cm - 3 641 34 the swollen granules can be prepared by known methods. Thus, the swollen granules of soluble silicate can be prepared as follows: Step 1

A mixture of soluble silicate and filler - for example, diatomaceous earth, lime or sodium fluorosilicate - is added dropwise through a sieve to an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and held there until the droplets are coated with a layer which prevents mutual adhesion. The particles thus prepared are then removed from the solution and dried at a temperature between 60-95 ° C.

Step 2

The dried particles are swollen at temperatures above 200 ° C to give granules with the required properties.

The binder can be natural bitumen or petroleum bitumens.

Experiments showed that the optimal composition of the material was 70-80% by weight of swollen soluble silicate granules and 30-20% by weight of bitumen.

At the above ratios, the filler particles are coated with binders and, after the latter solidifies, the material acquires sufficient strength to impact, transport and install. Bitumen contents of less than 20% by weight significantly reduce the strength of the products, while bitumen contents of more than 30% by weight increase the bulk density of the products and reduce their thermal insulation performance.

The substance of the invention is prepared in several steps: (1) Preparation of ingredients: the bitumen is heated to a temperature between 150-180 ° C and the swollen granules of soluble silicate to a temperature between 60-80 ° C.

(2) preparing a mixture of heated ingredients; (3) pulp molding.

In the manufacturing process, the temperature of the pulp must be at least 110-130 ° C if the swollen granules of soluble silicate have to be coated with a bitumen binder. After molding, the insulating material hardens during cooling.

The substance prepared as described above has a bulk density of between 80 and 150 kg / m 3, a thermal conductivity of 0.04 to 0.07 W / m ° K; and bending, 2 tensile strength between 1.5-2.5 kp / cm.

Example 1

The mixture is prepared using 64 kg of soluble silicate granules and 16 kg of bitumen per m of final product. Mixtures of test pieces of different sizes are prepared as described above. The substance thus prepared has the following type values; heat conduction coefficient 0.04 W / m ° Xj bulk density 80 kg / m3, tensile strength 1.5 kp / cm2. Example 2

A mixture is prepared using 70 kg of soluble silicate swollen granules and 20 kg of bitumen per m of final product. The mixture is made into test pieces of different sizes. The material thus prepared has the following type values: thermal conductivity 0.04 V7 / m ° K; volume 3 2 weight 90 kg / m, tensile strength 1.65 kp / cm.

A mixture is prepared using 76 kg of swollen granules of soluble silicate and 24 kg of bitumen per m2 of final product. Test pieces are prepared from the mixture. The material thus prepared has the following type values: thermal conductivity 0.04 W / m ° K; bulk density 3 2 100 kg / m; breaking strength 1.9 kp / cm.

Example 4

A mixture is prepared using 82 kg of soluble silicate swollen granules and 28 kg of bitumen per m of final product. The mixture is made into test specimens and subjected to testing. The substance thus prepared has the following type values: bulk density 110 kg / m3, thermal conductivity 0.05 W / m ° K; tensile strength 2.0 kp / cm2. Example 5

A mixture is prepared using 85 kg of soluble silicate granulated granules and 30 kg of asphalt in 1 m of final product. The mixture is made into test specimens and these are subjected to testing. The material thus prepared has the following type values: bulk density 115 kg / m, thermal conductivity 0.05 W / m ° K * tensile strength 2.1 kp / cm2.

Example 6

Prepare a mixture using 93 kg of swollen granules of soluble silicate and 37 kg of bitumen per m3 of final product. The mixture is made into test specimens and subjected to testing. The substance thus prepared has the following type values: bulk density 130 kg / m,

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thermal conductivity 0.06 W / m ° R; breaking strength 2.35 kp / cm.

Example 7

A mixture is prepared using 105 kg of swollen granules of soluble silicate and 45 kg of bitumen per 1 m3 of final product. Test pieces are prepared from the mixture and tested. The substance thus prepared has the following type values: bulk density 150 kg / m3, thermal conductivity 0.07 W / 'm ° K; tensile strength 2.5 kp / cm2.

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