FI61150B - FLERSPAENNINGSVAELJAREANORDNING FOER VAERMEELEMENTSGRUPPERING I PERSONTAOGSVAGNAR - Google Patents

Description

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C Patent granted on 10 June 1982

See 'Patent oeddelat (51) Ky.ik.Vci.3 B 60 L 1/02 // H 02 M 1/10 FINLAND —FINLAND (21) P »Unttlh» ktmui-Pauntamekning Τ6000Τ (22) HtkemlifUvl - Anaöknlngadag 05.01 .76 (23) Alkuplivl - Glklghrtadag 05.01.76 (41) Tullut julklMksI - Bllvit offmtllg qj _ ntmttl. and the Registry Board NihtiviWp ^ oo,. month «.k« e * date.-

Patant- och registerstyrelsen 'Aiw »kan irtlagd och utl.tkriftan puMkwnd 26.02.82 (32) (33) (31) Ρ) 7« * · * ν swelkeui —Begird prtorkat 13.01.75

Federal Republic of Germany-Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland (DE) P 2501388.1 (71) Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH, Theodor-Stern-Kai 1, 6 Frankfurt am Main, Federal Republic of Germany-Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland (DE) (72) Hugo Klotz, Berlin, German Liittotas -Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland (DE) (7I4) Oy Kolster Ab (51+) Multiple voltage selection devices for the grouping of heating elements in railway wagons - Flerspänningsväljareanordning för värmeelementsgruppering i persontigsvagnar

The invention relates to a multi-voltage selection device for grouping thermocouples in passenger trains in international traffic, which device is supplied with direct or alternating voltage in the main heating line, using step-connected electronic switching elements with tilting characteristics and connected to the supply voltage

A number of multi-voltage selection devices are already known, for example for switching the heating resistors of passenger, traction or motor carriages operating on international runways or sections of track, depending on the voltage of the overhead contact line. Such multi-voltage selection devices measure the voltage of the main heating conductor or overhead line and perform a corresponding grouping of the devices connected to the rear by means of a voltage-free switching group and overvoltage protectors, i. interlinking.

Instead of directly measuring the overhead line or heating line voltage, it is generally preferred to measure the proportional voltage over the voltage divider. This voltage is applied to the voltage-separating means, which in turn control the grouping shields.

2,611 50

In one known device, two parallel-connected check potentiometers measure, by means of multiple measurements, the proportional DC voltage values as the voltage rises and falls and supply them in a voltage-stepped manner to memory elements which control grouping protections via logic and time elements. the costs are considerable.

In another known device, a measured value converter has already been saved, and only a simple voltage divider connected to the heating conductor measures DC or AC voltage values proportional to the current voltage. The measured voltages are applied via diodes and time and filtering RC elements to individual triggers arranged for grouping ranges. In special artificial circuits in which the half-wave of the alternating voltage present is deformed, the diodes and resistors change the operating or traction and emission values of the triggers with respect to the alternating voltages. The triggers themselves and their mutual tuning are not quite simple. In addition, it must be taken into account that the capacitors of the RC elements used for filtration are used at the same time to slow down the emission of the triggers, which may cause control difficulties. Emission decelerations are necessary to keep short-term voltage-interruptions that occur when the pantograph arc jumps out of the triggers. As a result of the compromise, emission times cannot be set arbitrarily.

In known methods, it is generally selected above the prevailing voltage. In this case, due to the already mentioned, often considerable overvoltages and undervoltages, overlapping voltage ranges can occur in different railway networks, eg in a 1,000 V 16 2/3 Hz network and a 1,500 V 50 Hz network or also in a 1,500 V DC network. Triggers arranged for voltage levels can no longer distinguish the correct ranges with certainty. However, in increasingly inductive consumption devices, it is not very relevant whether 16 is grouped into the 2 2/3 Hz range, the 50 Hz range, or even the DC voltage range.

Here, the object of the invention is to provide a secure grouping possibility for even inductive consumption devices, regardless of the overlap of mains voltages due to voltage tolerances. They must be able to be grouped reliably when the mains voltage rises or falls.

This problem is solved once in such a device by connecting at least three frequency discriminators to the partial resistance of the ohmic voltage divider to separate the orbital frequencies 16 2/3 Hz and 50 Hz in the AC system and the zero frequency of the DC system for the AC voltage. . resp. 50 Hz. and for the DC voltage as an RC element, and that after the individual frequency discriminators of the associated 61150 3 orbital voltage value 1000 V ^, 1,500 j X 500 V ™ or 3,000 V ™ to ^ 68JHisslcs 1, one or more reactive voltage reactors within the frequency range are connected. electronic trigger responses. Thus, in a simple manner and independently of the voltage tolerances, the individual orbital frequencies, including the zero frequency, can be accurately distinguished from each other and always correctly grouped. The device has AC selection stages formed as frequency tuned oscillation circuits and a zero frequency selection stage the stage is connected to as many voltage-staggered trigger stages as there are expected voltages in the frequency range. The multi-voltage selector of the invention, which has four common mains voltages, has 16 2/3 Hz oscillation circuits and 50 Hz oscillation circuits each connected to their respective tripping stages, 1000 V and 1,500 V AC, respectively, and voltage-dependent step V and 3,000 V DC voltage ranges. Other features and preferred embodiments of the invention will be apparent from the claims, and from the drawing and description.

The invention will be explained in more detail in the following by means of a wiring diagram, which shows in a block diagram a voltage selection device for grouping heating resistors in a passenger motor carriage. It is emphasized here, however, that the invention is not limited to this application.

According to the drawing, the voltage divider 1/2 is connected via its resistor 1 to the traction heating conductor and via its resistor 2 to the carriage earth. The voltage measured from point 3 of the voltage divider to the carriage ground (ground) is proportional to the current voltage of the heating conductor. The latter may be 1 000 V 16 2/3 Hz, 1 500 V 50 Hz, 1 500 V = or 3 000 V =, depending on the network. These values are nominal, in fact considerable tolerances are allowed, especially in DC networks, often more than - 30%. The DC or AC voltages proportional to them are supplied from point 3 of the voltage divider to selection stages 5 and 6. The selection stage consists of 16 2/3 Hz resonant and oscillation circuits and is a criterion for 1 000 V AC operating at this frequency. The selection stage 5 consists of an oscillation circuit tuned to 50 Hz and is capable of separating the 1,500 V AC voltage present from the DC voltage of the same magnitude. Selection stage 6 is an RC element that operates only on DC 4 61150. Selection levels 4 and 5 then do not work, i. indicate frequency 0, the triggers 7, Θ, 9 * 10 are connected after the selection stages. If the selection stage 4 operates, the trigger 7 is triggered, and if the selection stage 5 operates, the trigger Θ is triggered. The DC voltage selection stage 6 is short-circuited by the capacitor of the RC element when the AC voltage is present. The triggers 9 and 10 have different operating values, i.e. when the selection stage 6 senses the DC voltage, then depending on the magnitude of the voltage, only the trigger 9 in the 1500 V DC voltage or both the triggers 9 and 10 5000 V DC operate. Separate time elements 11-14 are connected to the outputs of the triggers 7-10 · Their function is to decelerate when the voltage drops, ie they keep the transistors 15 »16, 17» 18 connected in a certain additional time in the through-mode, even then the heating conductor voltage, eg traction or trolley contact arc jumps. as a result, is temporarily interrupted. The time elements are individually and independently adjustable and are preferably integrated components. Through the base-controlled transistors 15-18, the output relays 19-22 are connected to a conductor carrying the supply voltage. In this case, the windings of the output relays 19-22 are connected on the one hand to the collectors of the respective transistors 15-18 and on the other hand to the supply voltage of the conductor 25 via the opening contacts 20a, 21a, 22a of the higher voltage stages. The emitters of transistors 15-18 are connected to the mass. The trigger 24 connected to the selection stage 6, set to the maximum value of the overvoltage, is further influenced by the transistor 25 in the circuit of the voltage supply (conductor 25), which cuts off the voltage from the whole device when the maximum value is reached, e.g.

5900 V back voltage. Reconnection occurs when the voltage drops, e.g.

5700 volts. The voltage is supplied by the conductor 25 to the output relays 19-22 via the opening contact 26a of the protection relay 26, which is controlled by the protection trip 27. This works, i.e. pulls, when the voltage at a certain measuring point 28 of the voltage divider 29 (1000 V tap) in the grouped switching circuit of the heating resistors exceeds e.g. 1500 V. Due to the special connection of the divider resistors and diodes, the measuring point 28 is equally suitable for DC and AC voltage. If the voltage at measuring point 28 exceeds the 5000 V mark, this is an indication of incorrect grouping. The protection trip 27 operates and allows the protection relay 26 to be pulled through the transistor 50. The opening contact 26a cuts off the supply voltage of the conductor 25, as a result of which the output relays 19-22 release. The opening contacts 20a, 21a, 22a of these relays then go to the 5000 V standby position. The protection relay 26 holds itself by means of a closing contact 26a. The selector can only be returned to service with a short-term battery connection. The voltage supply to the high voltage output relays 19-22 5 61150 is from a battery 31 and a direct current converter consisting of an inverter 32, a isolating transformer 33 and a rectifier 34 *, the latter being connected to a conductor 23. The battery is thus potentially isolated from the high voltage. In contrast, the voltage supply to the actual grouping device with the switching mechanism motor 35 takes place directly from the low voltage battery 31 · The grouping contacts of the output relays 19-22 belonging to the shown grouping device are marked 19b, of 20b, cj 21b, c and 22b. The switch mechanism contacts the battery voltage to the heat shields (thermal relays) via a conductor 36. Another relay 41 * is connected to the conductor 36 via the time element 40, the opening contact 41a of which is in the conductor 36 going to the heat shields. The closing contact 41b connects the conductor 36 to the protection of the voltage monitoring circuit (1000 V degree). Each time the wire 36 is switched from voltage-free to voltage, the time element 40 is reactivated and the heating protection of the monitored circuit (1000 V degree) becomes independent of whether the partial heating thermostat was briefly switched on. The voltage is measured at the measuring point 28 as described above.

The number 37 denotes an optical switch connected in parallel to the resistor 2 of the voltage divider. It is part of the automation of the disconnection of the voltage supply battery 31. Now that the heating conductor and thus the voltage divider resistor 2 is energized, voltage is also output from the optical switch 37, whereby the trip switch 38 operates and controls the relay 39. The closing contact 39a then connects the inverter 32 to the battery 31 · No grouping is required. from the supply to the output relays 19-22 and is de-energized when the closing contact 39a opens. With regard to operation, it is further noted * that as soon as the optical switch 37 detects the voltage in the heating conductor, the battery 31 is connected by contact 39a to the inverter 32 of the DC voltage converter. The switch mechanism is first at 3000 V. If the voltage divider 1/2 has, for example, an alternating voltage of 50 Hz, then the selection stage 5 operates and the contact 20a is opened by means of the output relay 20. 50 Hz can only be valid in the 1500 V range, so the closing contact 20b is closed and the opening contact 20c is opened. The motor 35 of the switchgear runs from 3000 V DC to 1500 V AC and the voltage reaches the heating shields of the conductor 36 as soon as the motor has reached the controlled stage. The time element 40 simultaneously excites the relay 41, so that after grouping, the thermal protection of the monitored heating circuit can be switched on first. The protective trigger 27 detects the voltage 6 61150 present at the measuring point 28 and, if necessary, cuts off the voltage from the entire multi-voltage heating device. After the emission deceleration of the time element 40, other protectors can be connected as long as the protection trigger 27 has not been pulled.

The invention makes it possible to provide a multi-voltage selection device with which even inductive consumption devices can be grouped simply and reliably.

Claims (5)

61150 7 1. A multi-voltage selection device for the grouping of thermocouples in passenger trains in international traffic, supplied by a DC or AC voltage in the main heating line, using step-connected electronic switching elements with tilting characteristics and connected to the operating voltage divider, at least three frequency discriminators (H, 5 »6) are connected to the partial resistor (l) of the ohmic voltage divider (1/2) to separate the occurring orbital frequencies 16 2/3 Hz and 50 Hz in the AC system and the zero frequency of the DC system for the AC voltage tuned to resonant oscillation circuit 2 3 Hz and 50 Hz, respectively, and for the DC voltage as an RC element, and to determine the associated track voltage value of 1 000 V /> ^, 1 500 V /> y, 1 500 V = or 3 000 V = for individual frequency discriminators ( U, 5, 6) after is connected one or more electronic trip stages (T ~ 10) responsive to possible voltage values within the frequency range. Multi-voltage selection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the trip stages (7_10) are connected via four time elements (11-1H) and transistor stages (15-18) to four output relays (19-22), the relay windings of which are connected to the relevant transistor stages (15). 16, 17 and 18, respectively) and, on the other hand, to each other via the rest contacts (22a, 21a, 20a) of the higher-voltage switching stages to the supply voltage. Multi-voltage selection device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an additional tripping step (2U) set to the maximum voltage value is connected to the RC element for voltage monitoring, to which a controlled transistor (25) whose output is connected / rest contacts (22a, 21a) is connected. , 20a) through four output relays (19-22) connected in parallel to the relay windings. Multi-voltage selection device according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the protection trip (27) »connected on the input side to the auxiliary voltage divider (28, 29) connected to the user groups in a grouped switching circuit is connected to a protection relay (26). in the circuit for the relay windings of the four output relays (19-22). Multi-voltage selection device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that an optoelectronic component (37) is connected to the partial resistor of the ohmic voltage divider (1/2), the output of which is connected via a switching relay (38) to the voltage supply battery of the grouping device. (31).