FI56398C - FOERFARANDE FOER REDUCERING AV SAERDEMETALLHALTIGA JAERNRIKA SLAGG VELVET MELLANPROUKUKTER SPECIELLT FRAON SMAELTPROCESSER AV NICKEL OCH KOPPAR - Google Patents

Description

S. | Γβ, ANNOUNCEMENT cc ^ QO

[β] (11) UTLÄGGN I NGSSKRIFT B6398 • C (45) Patent granted 10 Oi 1930 v ^ (51) Kv.ik. * / Int.ci. » C 22 B 7/04 SCIOMI - FINLAND (21) PM «nttlh» k * imi * - Pttentaniöknlng 753051 (22) HaktmUpilvI - Antttknln | 31.10.75 (23) AlkupUvi— GlltlghM * dag 31.10.75 (41) Tullut julklieksl - Bllvlt offantilg 01.05.77

Patent and Registry Managed N * h «vik, ip« on |. month | date. -

Patent · och registerstyrelsen Aroökan utlajd och utl.akrtftan publkerad 28.09.79 (32) (33) (31) Pyydetty etuoikeus — Begird prlorltat (71) Outokumpu Oy, Outokumpu, FI; Töölönkatu 4, 00100 Helsinki 10.,

Suomi-Finland (FI) (72) Simo Antero Iivari Mäkipirtti, Nakkila, Juho Kaarlo Mäkinen, Pori,

Bror Göran Nyman, Pori, Veikko Matias Polvi, Pori, Kaarlo Matti Juhani Saari, Pori, Johan Henrik Relander, Tornio, Finland-Finland (FI) (7 * 0 Berggren Oy Ab v (5 * 0 Method containing precious metals, especially nickel and This invention relates to a process for the reduction of ferrous smelting processes and to intermediates. conversion of slags and precious metals from oxide, sulphide or metallic intermediates from pyrometallurgical processes with nickel, cobalt, copper and other metals and, in general, high iron contents, where their separation and further processing by various known methods is possible I do not.

Finnish patent No. 21130 discloses a method for reducing precious metal-containing slag obtained in copper smelting and other metallurgical processes by means of ferrous sulphide (Fe / S> 1) or iron, whereby the end product is possibly partially metallized copper rock. The temperature range is preferably 1200 ° to 1300 ° C and stirring is used to accelerate the reactions. The reducing agent can be added in several steps and the resulting copper rock removed after each step.

The method does not seek to obtain precious metals, mainly Ni and Co and Cu on the other hand, by adjusting the composition of the sulphide rock metallised to separate products and by slow cooling and phase separation.

Finnish Patent No. 24764 discloses a process in which molten slags produced in the production of copper (or copper and nickel or copper, nickel and cobalt) 56398 are treated in equipment having a separate reduction and mixing zone and a settling zone below it. The reducing agent is used to such an extent that it is sufficient to reduce the oxides and silicates of copper (or copper and nickel or copper, nickel and cobalt), but not to say iron compounds, so as to obtain a precious metal-rich sulphide rock which is separated. The reduction can also be carried out in two steps, with copper and nickel being enriched in the first sulphide rock and cobalt in the second.

The process does not carry out the reduction to such an extent that the resulting rock is in a partially metallised form and does not seek to obtain precious metals, mainly Ni and Co and on the other hand Cu, into separate products by metallised sulphide rock, slow cooling and phase separation.

German Patent No. 1558425 discloses a process in which copper is continuously extracted from molten iron silicate slag by keeping the slag in contact with the molten sulfide material. A single molten, iron or copper sulfide or copper rock charge is used to treat multiple slag charges until the copper content in the molten sulfide material is close to the equilibrium copper content of the slag. As the sulphide starting material, for example, a pyrite smelting product is used, and pyrite can also be added during the treatment. The treatment time can be shortened by intensifying the mixing by blowing air, inert or reducing gas into the melt.

The process does not contain any sulphide rock in metallised form and does not seek to obtain precious metals, mainly Ni and Co and, on the other hand, Cu into separate products by means of metallised sulphide rock, slow cooling and phase separation.

In the process of the present invention, the salt slags are reduced by conventional, but more closely controlled, methods to separate the precious metals into a metallized, iron-like sulfide melt. In this case, in the smelting of sulphide or metal intermediates, it is necessary to control the iron and sulfur contents of the melt by the addition of scrap iron, iron sulphide or elemental sulfur in order to obtain the exact sulphide melt composition required by the process. The iron-dominated metal phase is crystallized from the metal-spun sulphide stone under controlled cooling, in which more or less precisely enriched e.g. elements: Ni, Co, Ga, Ge, Mo, W, Sn, Re, Au, Pt, etc. Usually, the copper-rich sulfide phase is separated from the metal phase by magnetic separation, metal phase dissolution, and the like by known means.

In the process according to the invention, an arc furnace has been used in the reduction of melting slags and in the intermediate treatment, but the implementation of the process can, of course, also be carried out in other furnace equipment.

In the slag electric furnace reduction, the reduction is easily feasible. The precious metal intake obtained in the reduction usually has to be optimized economically, because, for example, the reduction of cobalt requires quite large amounts of coke and electrical energy. However, in addition to the reduction of precious metals, the method closely monitors the reduction of slag iron. As the reduction of iron is expensive and the maximum need for slag reduction only requires its iron saturation limit to be reached, unnecessary iron reduction must be avoided and, if necessary, the free iron of the final product must be imported as system scrap (eg cast iron scrap). Additional sulfur, if required, can also be fed into the system, e.g. as iron sulphide. The new method for efficient control of the reduction process and at the same time for controlling the number of reduction results uses both empirically and thermodynamically tested procedure. This is characterized by the monitoring of the oxygen pressure of the system that easily follows the slag composition and the precious metal distributions. Nernstin distributions of precious metals / Hjyj =% Me (stone): $ Me (slag_) 7 are technically sufficiently accurate with iron silicate slag from the functions: «Ui = 1.32 x ΙΟ'2 P02'1 / 2 HCo = 1.00 x 10'3 P ^ -i / 2 HCu = (-2064 / T + 0.919) P0 "1/4

The oxygen pressure of the system can be calculated from the slag composition using the equation losPo? = "(3901 / T) (Npeo" NPeO- ^ ^ 10S ^ NFeO / NFeO, S * * 1> 5 1.5 + (11550 / T) NsiO - 265IO / T + 11.083.

Where PQ, atm is oxygen pressure, Npe0, Npe0 and NsiQ are f. . o 1.5 2 molar proportions of slag oxides and T, K is the temperature.

The analysis of the basic slag composition thus gives control in the technical

J

j ti 3 3> · Sufficiently accurate oxygen pressure values in the system.

The process plays an important role in the treatment of sulphide stones of controlled size obtained in the reduction, because on this basis the precious metals of the stones can be divided into suitable intermediate groups for their further processing and refining. Therefore, the equilibrium states of multicomponent sulfide systems as functions of the temperature of the assembly are considered, which are still largely unknown.

The main components of the metallized sulfide rock form the Fe-Co-Ni-Cu-S melt. In the subsystems, at temperatures above the eutectic rubber, both Fe, Co and Ni in the sulfide melt are completely miscible (eutectic rubbers: Fe: 31% S / 9880, Co: 26.6% S / 877 ° and Ni: 21.5% S / 645 ° C). The solid sulfur solubility of the metals is very low, so they are solid in their melt almost pure. In contrast, the Cu-S system is known to have an almost complete melt solubility opening between the metal and its sulfide (Cu + 1.5% S / 19.8% S / 1105 ° C). When alloying iron (cobalt) in the system, this solubility orifice is stable almost to Fe-S binary. When alloying nickel, the extent of the solubility orifice is more limited than before (up to a concentration of 27% Ni). Figure 1 shows the Fe-S binary equilibrium states of the Fe-Cu-S system at 900 °, 1150 ° and 1350 ° C and the liquid surfaces of the system with solubility openings (range: 1300-1534 ° C). The positions of the cones showing phase equilibria are not known quantitatively. The Fe1_xS phase with a sulfur content of 38.4% (the sulfur content of the trilite is 36.5%) first separates from the molten sulphide system. · This phase only takes copper into the solid solution when the temperature drops (7% Cu / 1000 ° C). The iron-free Cu2S phase begins to separate from the melt at 1129 ° C. At 1000 ° C, chalcosite already takes 12% Fe into the solid solution.

Figure 2 shows the equilibrium states of the Fe-Ni-Cu-S system at temperatures of 850 ° C and 550 ° C. At 1000 ° C, Fe-Ni-rich mixtures on the sulphide side are in equilibrium with a solid solution of Fe, S-Ni S-monosulphurized

X Λ. 1 X

fidi (Fig. 2, M) and quaternary melt. On the metal side, the Fe-Ni edge assemblages are in equilibrium with the corresponding Fe / Ni ratios of the quaternary melt (1000 ° C, liquid limits: Fe-S edge / 30.2% S and Ni-S edge / 17.8% S). As the temperature decreases, the amount of quaternary melt decreases, and on the sulfide side at 850 ° C, the equilibrium between chalcopyrite (cp) and monosulfide (M) is settled (Fig. 2, M 30% Ni). On the metal side, at the same time, there has been quite a considerable change in cone balances. The relatively Ni-rich Fe-Ni alloys have become in equilibrium with the near-Ni-free pyrrotite (po), and on the other hand, the Cu-Fe solubility opening of Cu-Fe-Ni systems is strongly deepened towards high Ni concentrations. At temperatures of 850 ° and 550 ° C there are equilibrium states (using the notations in Figure 2) for iron-rich alloys: 1 .: α-Fe 2 Ni (ss) + Cu (s) + bn (ss) and α-Fe 2 Ni (ss) ) + po (ss) + bn (ss), 2 .: (a + v) -Fe ^ Ni (ss) + po (ss) + bn (ss), 3 ·: γ-Fe ^ Ni (ss) + po (ss) + bn (ss), 4 .: y-Fe 2 Ni (ss) + pn + po (ss) + bn (ss). In the region 4. at 850 ° C there is still a quaternary melt above the Ni content (Fe-Ni-S block) above 50%, whereby the rapidly solidified structure contains Ni-rich sulfides which are not otherwise present in blocks 1.-3. occur. At 550 ° C, instead of the quaternary melt, there is solid pentlandite (pn) as a stable sulfide in block 4. At the corresponding temperature, Ni-rich alloys have the following block equilibria as mentioned above: y-Fe ^ Ni (ss) + pn, FeNi ^ + pn, FeNi ^ + Ni ^ S2 + pn, Ni- ^ S2 + PeNi ^, y + Ni ^ S2 · At 400 ° C, the limit conode of the presence of nickel sulphides in Me + MeS equilibria is FeS-FeNi (ss), where the solid solution contains 46.7% Ni. Completely copper-free Fe, Ni (ss) is at 550 ° C in equilibrium with bn + po-solid solutions with a metal Ni content of n.

23%> after which, when y (ss) is formed, the copper content of the metal slightly increases.

Consider the behavior of a metallic melting intermediate as a function of temperature with the help of the equilibrium drawing in Figure 1. Analysis of the intermediate - by weight # Me - was as follows: 10.2 Cu, 2.5 Ni, 1.5 Co, 1.0 Mo, 3.1 S and 71.5 Fe. Coal (Fe = Fe + Ni + Co + Mo) is denoted by the letter A in Figure 1. The mixture forms a homogeneous melt at a temperature of about 1420 ° C. When sulfur is added to the mixture, its composition changes along segment A-B-C (Figure 1). Position B has a melt assembly: 8.6 Cu, 73.2 Fe, and 18.2 S. The conode of the binodal curve corresponding to 1360 ° C passes through point B. From the conode cuts / lever lengths from the concentration differences i.e. ((sin 60 ° AS) 2 + (ACu + los 60 ° AS) 2) ^ the amount of sulfur-rich melt (11.0 Cu, 22.0 S) is obtained to be 66.5% and metal-rich melt (3, 5 Cu, 10.8 S) to 33.5% · The copper content of mixture B is thus 86% in the sulphide melt. Upon cooling of the mixture B to a temperature of 1150 ° C, the amount of sulfide melt (13.3 Cu and 31.2 S) is obtained from the conod sections by 58.3%, whereby the amount of copper in the sulfide phase is 90%. In the equilibrium corresponding to a temperature of 900 ° C, the amount of solid sulfide (14.9 Cu, 33.4 S) is 54.5% and its share of copper is 94%. In the latter cases, the sulfide phase is in equilibrium with the Fe 2 Cl 2 solid solution.

6 56398

When the sulfur content of the intermediate is increased to 27% S, the position C of the mixture (Figure 1) requires a homogeneous melt to a temperature of 1200 C, below which γ-Fe (ss) begins to separate. At 900 ° C, 77.8% of the sulfide phase (9.7 Cu, 34.6 S) is obtained from the conode equilibrium. The equilibrium node intersects the solid sulfide boundary in the region of the bornite (bn) pyrrhotite mixture. Assuming 62.8 Cu and 23.4 S for the analysis of bn (ss) and 5.0 Cu (actually lower) for the copper solubility of po (ss), the phase numbers are 8.1 bn and 92.9 po.

The electron and X-ray image series taken from the cooling product of the mixture corresponding to position C (7.7 Cu, 1.9 Ni, 1.1 Co, 0.8 Mo and 27.0 S) is shown in Figure 9. It clearly illustrates the distribution of the components of the mixture in the metal and sulfide phases. in progress. The metal phase contains only 1.4% of the copper in the alloy. Nickel and cobalt are almost completely enriched in the metal phase. The mixture Mo and W enriched in the metal phase forms an intermediate with iron that separates from the matrix, amounting to about 7.5% of the total amount of the metal phase.

Figure 10 shows the physical structure of the cooled metallized sulfide, from which the excellent possibilities of magnetic phase separation can be directly seen.

The amounts of nickel and cobalt in the mixture under consideration are so low that they behave in the system at temperatures considered analogous to iron. The group Co, Mo, Ga, Ge, W and Re do not have an adverse effect even at high concentrations as strong ferrite stabilizers. Nickel, on the other hand, can easily cause difficulties. At 700 ° C, the diffusion rates in both the sulfide phases and the α-iron are still sufficiently fast by processing. At this temperature, the α-γ metastability is not significantly affected by the nickel concentrations corresponding to the example (700 ° C, 27% S, the Ni content of the α-γ-trans pharmacy is about 3-6%). As the nickel content of the mixture increases, especially when the iron content is low and the sulfur content is high, purification of the sulfide phases to equilibrium is difficult and requires a sufficiently long cooling time below the sulfide liquidity and also at temperatures below 900 ° C. When high sulfur concentrations are used (i.e., the amount of sulfide is also high compared to the amount of metal), the diffusion distances in the sulfide-metal system are long, so that in addition to slow γ-Fe diffusion, the equilibrium delay also increases due to sulfide diffusion.

7 5639C

The conode directions of the considered part of the Fe (Co) -Ni-Cu-S system at equilibrium temperatures with respect to the Me-MeS phases are either only qualitatively known or completely unknown. In the performed measurements, quite variable values were obtained for the Nernstin distributions, e.g. depending in part on the amounts of copper, iron and sulfur. It should be noted, however, that already with conventional free field cooling of the metallized sulfide rock, distribution values were obtained which are very sufficient for technical purposes. As an example of the Nernst distribution obtained under different conditions, the following values should be mentioned:

In equilibrium annealing (delay 2-5h) of metallized nickel-rich sulfide alloys (20-30 $ Ni, 0-6% Cu and 20-30% S) as a function of temperature, e.g. the following values: HNi = 260 x 103 / T - 176 HCo = 170 x 103 / T - 113

Hc ~ 1 = 2.15 x 103 / T - 5.79 + 0.297 β S7

For both copper- and nickel-rich alloys (slag reduction products), e.g. the following values:

HNi = -4 »58 + °> 249 β Fe7: 12% S

HNi = "10> 22 + 0.428 β Fe7: 16% S

HCo = -4.21 + 0.274 β Fe7: 12% S

HCo = +0.09 + 0.138 β Fe7: 16% S

102 HCu = 25.50 - 0.1732 β Fe7: 12-16% S

Examples are the H-distribution of other elements under the conditions used (examples):

Mo: 6-00; Ga: 30-50; Ge: 10-20; Ag: 0.06-0.40; W: 13-00; Re: 6-10;

Au: 8-14; Pt: 10-20; Pd: 5 "10

Conventional, large-scale smelting equipment was used to implement the method. The equipment comprised flame melting furnaces for suspension smelting of both copper and nickel concentrates. The furnaces were of the same dimensions, i.e.: a reaction shaft diameter of 3.9 m and a height of 8.0 m; the width of the lower furnace is 5.0 m, the height is 1.7 m and the length is 19.5 m; rise-

8 SS39G

a shaft height of 9.0 m and a diameter of 2.8 m. Two 75-tonne converters (Peirce-Smith) measuring 3.60 x 6.71 m were used to blow various sulphide rocks. Two arc furnaces with dimensions: power 8 MVA, diameter were used to reduce the precious metal content of the slags. 8.20 m and height 4.10 m and power 6 MVA, diameter 3.77 m and height 2.00 m.

A small, adjustable intermediate-frequency furnace with shielding gas and vacuum equipment (70 kW; Brown Boweri, Balzers) was used in the basic study of precious metal distributions and in the determination of some of the most important phase equilibria.

For the wet wet separation of the metallized sulfide rock phases, a Wilfley-type vibrating table equipped with magnetic, field-strength-adjustable perforated plates was used.

The invention will be described in more detail below by means of examples and with reference to the accompanying Figures 3-9, which show flow diagrams of the apparatus used in the examples. Figure 3 and Example 1 illustrate a prior art process arrangement.

No actual technical or economic attempt has been made to optimize the actual reduction, heat treatment and separation processes. It is clear that the process can be varied in many different ways in terms of the quality and quantity of different precious metals, the temperatures of the process parts, the cooling rate of the products, the phase separation methods, etc.

In the examples shown, the melting, conversion and reduction temperatures have ranged from 1200 ° to 1400 ° C. The actual permanent annealing has not been used in the cooling of sulphide rocks. The cooling delay time was controlled only by the thickness of the casting layer, so this process part can, of course, be performed more accurately than done. The aim was to slow down the cooling rate specifically in the temperature range from 1000 ° to 700 ° C for several hours.

The corresponding mass flow diagrams, distribution values, mass balances, and component analysis values are summarized in Tables 1-14.

5639G

Example 1

Figure 3 shows a conventional method of processing nickel concentrates. Using the numbering of the flow chart (Table 1), the conventional process has the following operation and results: The slag + 11 and 13 from the flame smelting (LS) and conversion (KV) processes are reduced in the electric furnace (SU) process to waste slag 12 and SU stone 2 The SU stone 2 and the LS stone 1 are blown in the KV process into Ni fine stone 4 and into KV stone 13.

According to the distribution calculation in Table 1, as much as 83% of the cobalt contained in the LS feed mixture ends up in scrap slag. 8% Co, KV slag 13: 1 * 7% Co). In addition to the fine stone distribution (17% Co), cobalt is the only outlet for the process Slag Slag.

Example 2

Figure 4 shows an application of a new method for improving the recovery of cobalt during the smelting of nickel concentrates and at the same time a way for reducing the circulating copper load interfering with the nickel refining process.

In the previous example, the enrichment of cobalt was observed e.g. To international slag, so the new method is applied here to the treatment of international slag.

According to Figure 4 (Scoreboards 3 and 4), the KV slag 13 was fed to a separate electric furnace SU-II and the precious metals were reduced to metal-cast sulfide stone 5. The cobalt distribution of the wreck slag then decreased from 83% in the previous example to 47%. KV slag 13 is reduced with a coarse Co-input efficiency (n = 70%). If desired, the slag 12 of the electric furnace reducing the LS slag 11 can be reduced more efficiently than has been done in the example case (η - 34%). This naturally improves the recovery of cobalt.

The metallized sulfide rock 5 cooled freely after field casting, crushed and ground. In magnetic separation, both cobalt and nickel were obtained from SU-II stone to 5 magnetic separators quite accurately (efficiencies: 96.4 and 95.8%). The copper yield of the non-magnetic part 7, i.e. the sulfide concentrate, was 90% and the content was 29.7% by weight Cu, so the product is well suited as a Cu-LS feed. The resulting copper separation can reduce the circulating copper load in the nickel process. In the case of Example 2, the amount of return precipitate from the nickel plant (leaching, electrolysis) in the LS feed mixture was 5% of the amount of concentrate (analysis of the precipitate -% by weight) was: 42.1 Cu, 18.8 Ni, 0.24 Co, 1.10 Fe , 14.6 S, 4.40 S1O2 and 6.94 Ox-BaO and others). In the process case corresponding to Example 2, the amount of cobalt obtained for further processing is thus 51% of the cobalt in the LS feed mixture, i.e. the result is improved by 370% compared to the previous example (1, B).

Example 3

In the process of Figure 5 (Tables 5 and 6), the LS slag reduction rock is not fed to the KV process, but both the LS slag 11 and the KV slag 13 are reduced in one electric furnace (Su-I), the slag of which is Scrap Slag 15 and the like. the sulphide rock 5 is treated according to the method as Co-Ni crude metal 6 and as copper concentrate 7. In the example run, additional iron fed to the sulphide rock generated in the SU-I process is scrap. Due to the relatively high sulfur content of the feed slag, no pyrite addition has been performed. According to Scoreboard 5, the amount of cobalt to be processed in the driving application is 47% of the amount of cobalt in the feed.

Example 4

In the embodiment of Figure 6, nickel and cobalt are recovered from the copper concentrate processing conversion slags. In conventional processing, all of the cobalt in the concentrate and most of the nickel in the waste slag are lost. Small amounts of nickel go (undesirably) into the crude copper and finally into the anodes, making it difficult to refine them. In the driving case according to the example (result tables 7 and 8), 50% and 93% of the cobalt and nickel in the feed to the LS stone 1. In the conversion of stone, 99.6% of Co and 79.9% of Ni are transferred to the KV slag 12 of the mentioned amounts. Thus, a considerable part of the feed side metals can be recovered from the KV slag, although in the flotation cleaning of the LS slag 11 a part is lost to the waste slag.

According to Table 7, in the further processing of the SU-II stone 5, 35% of the amounts of the LS feed alloy and 68% of the nickel are obtained by magnetic separation in the metal phase 6. In the case under consideration, the supply of copper concentrate to the LS process was 25 t / h. The amounts of cobalt-11 56398 and nickel recovered are thus 354 t Co and 375 t Ni per year, so they are quite high despite the low starting concentrations and only partial intake.

Example 5 In this run, a combined reduction of the converter slags obtained in the nickel and copper processes corresponding to Examples 2 and 4 has been carried out according to a new method. The test run corresponds to the feed rates of the Cu-LS and Ni-LS processes of 25 t / h and 18 t / h.

As a result of the slag reduction (Table 9), based on the feed volumes of the metallized sulfite rock, precious metal amounts of 39? Co, 9 and Ni and 3% Cu. Magnetic separation gave 97% of cobalt and 94% of nickel to the metal phase, respectively. Since cobalt and nickel are lost in the copper refining process in the conventional process, it can be deduced from the values in Examples 2 and 4 and Table 9 that the inclusion of KV slag in the reduction results in a significant increase in Ni and Co refining compared to the nickel process alone. Calculated from the amounts of nickel and cobalt in the fine stone and metal phase, the yield values for the nickel process are 184% Co and 103% Ni.

Example 6

In the application according to Figure 7, the reduction of the LS and KV slag phases corresponding to the rich nickel rock produced by the LS method has been performed using zone reduction using a new method.

The iron content of the rich nickel stone 1 obtained from the LS process (Tables 10 and 11) is only 3.5% Pe, so the amount of slag in fine stone blasting remains quite small. Due to the processing method, LS slag enters phase 11 80% and 15% and 17% of the cobalt, nickel and copper amounts of the feed, respectively. A significant portion of the copper in the LS feed is converted to copper concentrate.

It can be seen from Table 10 that the recovery of cobalt is high, i.e. 71.9% 3 which is 560% higher than usual (Example 1).

12 56398

Example 7

In the test run according to Figure 8, zone reduction was performed in connection with the LS process using the production of crude copper in the second unit and the production of nickel fine stone in the second LSU unit. The slag phases from the processes were reduced in combination. From the distribution values in Table 12, it can be seen that only amounts of feed precious metals are lost to the waste slag 15: 26.7% Co, 1.2% Ni and 1.4% Cu.

According to an example, using the method, 21.6% of the copper contained in a nickel concentrate can be converted to a copper concentrate and thus the copper load of nickel refining can be substantially reduced.

According to Table 12, crude copper contains 35.3% of the cobalt feed, which corresponds to 53.8% of the cobalt feed of the copper concentrate feed. This is due to LS conversion under zone reduction. In anode furnace refining, this amount of cobalt is recovered as almost pure oxide. Taking into account the cobalt content of the crude copper obtained for the refining of the nickel-cobalt plant, 67.7% of the cobalt content of the feed, ie more than 200% of the cobalt content of nickel processing alone.

Example 8

The division of the numerous precious metals contained in the ferrous metal intermediate from the Mansfeld copper shaft furnaces into two further processing groups was performed according to the new method. In this case, only the controlled sulfidation of the metal phase and the cooling of the melt as free field casting were necessary.

According to Scoreboard 14, the distribution (weight- $ Me) of the precious metals calculated from the feed rates of the metal phase of the difference was as follows: 54.1 Fe, 93.0 Co, 89.1 Ni, 10.2 Cu, 8l, 2 Mo, 95.0 Ga, 90.0 Ge , 25.0 Ag, 90.0 W, 80.0 Re and 90.0 Au. The main precious metal contents of the non-magnetic sulfide phase (amount 41%) were 12.7 wt.% Cu, 187 ppm Ag and 1 ppm Au, so it is well suited for smelting in the case of copper concentrates. In this case, a considerable part of the precious metals of the intermediate is also recovered.

If desired, all components or a certain part can be recovered from the metal phase hydrometallurgically. By re-sulphidating the metal phase and sulphating roasting, the metals Co, Ni, Cu and Mo, i 13 56396 are easily recovered from its metal content.

table 1

Reference Process Component Distribution,% Number Co Ni Cu 0 Ni-LSU Feed 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 LSU Rock 48.2 89.3 85.1 11 LSU Slag 51.8 10.7 14, 9 2 SU-I stone 56.1 13.8 12.9 12 Su-I slag 83.0 2.4 8.6 3 3 = 1 + 2 104.3 103.1 98.0 13 KV slag 87.4 5.4 6.5 4 KV fine stone 17.0 97.6 91.4 B Input B = 0 + 2 100.0 100.0 100.0 2 SU-I stone 36.0 12.1 11.4 12 Su-I slag 53.2 2.1 7.6 13 KV slag 56.0 4.7 5.8 4 KV fine stone 10.9 85.8 8l, 0 56398 in σ \ - = ro md

- = Γ I 1Λ I H I N

X "" "A

O - = r MD MD I — I

f— O LP »MD CO

C— OJ CM OO CM

oi a a a ι a i a O O O O O [-

• H CM OO OO CM

c/o

bO

Di - = r oo lco ct \ ct \ o oo

rH MD MD - = Γ rH ICO CO

O *> ·% r * #i

ICO and MD CO rH MD H MD O

O. O CM CM rH

-3 "

-P

• h * o .. coin o oo

co + cö o m i n i i-H

> i Φ Di A A A A

> 3 «Di CM MD CM 0—

rH CD

CC) -H CM 0 - = r HCOO H

d cc lco oo md o on lco oo cc) bO a a a a a a a I <0 Di "LCO LCO ICO OOLO O 0- CD« bO BObO ΙΛ (ΜΗ- 0O- = r - = r co Di O Di Di

CC) a O O LOO CM C \ l N

63 bO OO MD O CM MD H OO CM -3 "MD

Di * 3 LTD AA A A A A A A A A

O CMCO <J \ CM O O O - = 3 "O O rH

o o m cm m bO m <—i · · i — i 0) Dioo CÖ

CO ·· d · Η · O O MD CM C— CO CO

cö o ·· cd o> cö inooDc-HinN

+3 -h -a- cd d d -h d ·> "« «ί · * · *

CD 2 CM d O Di Di! O LCO O O rH O · = Τ CM

d rHodi id m oo md • H d Di H H D *!

cö ·· Dc! Il II

coi> d d> o o n i — i oo o m cö d Odd «co co« in o iTMT. oo imp

> O CD CO A A A A a A A

cö CO dl · »cm inom0NH

cö: 0 "a bO i — I i — I CM

-P -P «bO a M Dc! co -P bO Di bO Di cö: θ Dc! Di cm>> 300 "

CO "MD" OO

rH 0) a O "KO O

-P KO LCO CO O rH

: CÖ CO O OO CM CM

• H CÖ CM

Di Di ·· ··

Di -H ·· cö -rl d d * H d> -H ·· 0) -P · γΗ> O · Η> · Η

g -H rH · Η d Di · Η> CO

• H -P CD Di Di I Di · Η O

CO d Di I I H | Di CU

W CD Di DD DD I DD I CO

d · Η CO -H CO DD CO> SO cö • HO · Η 2 J CO d CO ”1-0« -P CÖ-Hd • CO a CO CO -H -P -H d> O CÖ (M (O g M <D co: θ> O · Η d · Η d

CD O cd ”·· CO ·· ·· co ·· ·· -P >> · Η d Di Di> O

O CoDi CO CD CD O CD CD (DCDCD -HCODiDil l-Hd «O CD OPP dPP CO -P -P COI I iHHDiDi« d ra d; 0 O 0 <: 0 0 0: 0 0 >> dddliii di P) cö o <>, di> 3d d> 3 d>, cococoiod >> J Φ EC IC063I — ICOEhOiCOEh rHdddCOCO «« ED co d II CÖ <cö co d> d 63 EH d CO «<15 56398 TABLE 3 τ, ______ , · Distribution,%

Reference Process - * - number component Co Ni Cu 0 Ni-LSU feed 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 LSU rock 48.2 89.3 85.1 11 LSU slag 51.8 10.7 14.9 2 SU-I stone 17.4 9.9 9.1 12 SU-I slag 34.4 0.9 5.8 3 3 = 1 + 2 65.6 99.1 94.2 13 KV slag 43.9 5.0 6.2 4 KV stone 21.7 94.2 88.0 5 SU-II stone 30.8 4.8 5.1 14 SU-II slag 13.0 0, 1 1.1 15 Waste slag 47.4 1.0 6.9 6 Separation: Mg phase 29.7 4.6 0.5 7 Separation: EMg phase 1.1 0.2 4.6 4 + 6 Ni- Co factory input 51.4 98.8 88.5 16 56398 05 = ί mc— σ> X ΐ I in I to I vo I to I i O * · * · *

- = 3 "VO VO (H (H

Ο. ΝΟΙΓι ΙΛ m 03 O t— CM OJ LTV 05 m

Η A * I <\ I A I «V I I

co o o o h m o \ oj m m c \ j cvj = j-mmomoomm mvo h vo vo o = r OOioH m t— CO bO Λ · Χ »\ ·» · »« Λ «Λ · (· 1

, Χ VOOOHOHNHOHOtO

OJ OJ rH I — I OJ

** 05 I r- (X "= r i n + - ·· 05 LT5 m H Lf5 Ρ Φ 3 ι o m ι η ι m ι cm ι i • H C3 CO λ * \

W O OJ VO I — I C— r — I

> 1 CO

>> 3

cö O

3 3 oj c— = r = r h o in m o \ r— c— cö o cd moo co tj \ m m oj oo o oj oo

IptJ

Φ 3 m m m ο-m o m t ~ -h mo- co φ m cm = * = r. = R = r = rmmm 3 3

Eh .h -p

p o o into ι-H m m = r 05 c \ i rH O bO bQ Φ cm vo H oo rH moo [- OJ lf \ CO

O ^ bO rX Φ bO bO bO Λ! 3 oooHOOomoooo bo o o bo X «m ί cö

o m s- o s- m E

o * H · <«« H Kd O OVO MD ino ON-3 CVJ

bO · * o co mo cm H amo oo cm o mm cm o ovco η, Xom oj my *** 1 ** »·% **** # *»% »» S mh ·· H ·· inoocoo3- ( M3 0inc \ i Φ o oo cd cd «m oj vo cm m

w * ·· 3 3 hO

3 o · cdo · Η «· o, Χ P - = 3- cci 3 3> 3 -H 3

Φ (Μ3 0.Χ · γΗ3Ρ.Χ CM

3 I — I o 31 j * o pi oo oom = 3-ojmcococr \ cr \ = r • H 3 3 3s! I — I 13 -H n * ino mow m3-vo aito s

3 O “.X II His! ΉΗ OO

COI> 35 II 3 I OjmOHOC-HHOHCTv

3 0 33 X! CO 33> S33 ·· H H CM H OJ

> <1) CO CO »Oh CO 3

3 CO kO CO

cd: o ** ·% · *** · * o

P Ρ «BObO BObO bflbO bO W

co P bO .X .X, Χ .X .X 3

3: θ .X P

>> j OS OOO O 50 M3 O

COO * * · \ Λ r »Π cm φ ·> om mov omm φ pm moj ο cr \ mn h: cd co o oo cm H 3 cd • h 3 cm. · .. <d co .X, Χ ·· ·· -Η · Η 3 o XS -H .. cd · Η ··>> -H cd 3 3 · Η 3> · Η ·· cd · Η · Η P CO 3 <υ Ρ · Η> Ο-Η > · Γ-Ι 3 J * co .is! ρ ο φ Ε · ΗΗ · Η3 ^! · Η> Οι3ΙΦ 3 3 • Η Ρ <υ 3 * ί 3ϋί I, Χ · γΗ 3ΗΡΗΦ C0 3 · Η C0 3 .XI ΙΗ Ιϋ, Χ Η Ο Η 3 Ο 3 Φ Ρ W φ ϋ3 33 I ΟΙ · Η II 3 I bO: θ 3 -Η33Ρ 3 -HCO-HCOO 00 ί> ω> 0 Φ03 Ρ 3 · Η3> 0 · ηφ • Η Ο · Η S 31 COlOCO 1-3 bcj C0! SiCO COS Ρ -H 3> Ο 3-Η3ΡΦ • CO a CO CO · Η Φ 3: o> O · Η 3 -H 3 .X 3 * P 3

= j- co E co ·· ·· φ .. .. co. ·. · co. · ·· φ ·. ·· >> · η 3 3s3 3sd> o ι ι Φ bO

Φ O ΦΦΦ CO Φ Φ CO Φ φ ΟΦΦ 3 Φ Φ CO 3s; I Ι-Η3ΗΗΦ3 O CO COPP OPP ΦΡΡ 3 Ρ Ρ · Η Ρ Ρ ΡΙΙΙΗΜ ^! Λ: ΗΗ3Ε

«O Φ O: θ O 3 = 0 0 co: 0 0 a: 0 0 PU30 · Η3> 3> 3> Ι I I I I IbOOT

«3 co 3 >> 3 a>» 3 O> s 3 ι> i3 P> i3 to CO W W 3 3>> 3 3 3 a

3> ft 3 acOEH I co EH 3 CO Eh H CO EH Φ CO EH>) J 3 J CO CO W M CO CO S W

i-3 Φ Eh I H a H Φ> a

33 CO 35 I I I 3 H

<3 CO 33 t> a faO 3

Eh Eh J CO M CO 3 3> S <17 563b8 TABLE 5 „. Distribution -%

Reference Process - number_component_Co_Ni_Cu 0 Ni-LSU feed 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 LSU rock 48.2 89.3 85.1 11 LSU slag 51.8 10.7 14.9 13 KV- slag 33.6 5.1 6.3 4 KV stone 14.6 84.1 78.8 14 14 = 11 + 13 85.4 15.9 21.2 5 SU stone 34.4 13.9 13, 6 15 SU slag 51.0 2.0 7.7 6 Separation: Mg phase 32.4 13.1 12.9 7 Separation: EMg phase 2.0 0.8 0.7 4 + 6 Ni-Co factory feed 47.0 97.2 91.7 18 56396

CJV - = T -¾- LO

X · = Γ I LTV I t— I CM) I

Ο Λ Λ rv *.

-3- VO rH VO

t— O LTV O CM

CV C— CM CM O OO

O · * · »»! "* l ·»! I

• H O O O f— O

CO CM KV CM KV

- = r kv tn o moo κν σν σν

H VO VQ LO H CM O C — CO

CO bO λ #. * ·. · ** · ** # * I Λ! VO CO i — I VO i— (Oi — I O C ^ -

O. CM CM rH CM

c— · »n p m

• H rH

3 kv ovin s co> 5 + ·· o kv σν cm >> CD CÖ | λ n | * i | n | |

Ή Ph bO 3 CMVOVOrH

cd Pi O

3 to cd tn 3

I * v P

CD VO O

CO i — I 3 CM K3 OV0 003 CM UV

Cd CD CD UVODVO LTVCO CMOO H h- EH [x <..

3 3 m tn tn o tv- c — vo m cm H CD KV CM-3 · 3- ΙΠ3 vo - = r o 3

Pt * H

P

·> P O O LO CM C ~ -3 rH O KV

O bO bO bO bO CD CM vo H 3 "C— σν CM co KV

O Pii Pii Ps! Pd CD «·> η ·> ·> η ·» Λ «

bO 3 OOOOOrHOCvJO

o σν Pii o o bO

# \ * 1 Λ Cd

O CM O O rH E

tn KV KV rH CM iCo

bOOO rH P σν U O O VO 30 OO KV 3 C— CM

• h Pii <D tn o oo tn h p h tn vo 12 # * Λ * \ * 1 * .Λ *. * »# Η

CD o. · .. .... «tn003KVH00KV

co «3 cö cd cd bO kv vo cm kv 3 o 3 3 3 3 Pi p 3-0 ·· o o o

CD CM 3 3 3 3 3 CM

3 rH Pii Psi Pii Pii Pi · <o o tn O [- C — VO CM CM

H 3 i Pi i li σν tn o tn tn c— kv cm it — 3 ·

Cd O ·. tO CD t> p> £ 3 CM

coco «hm« co CMKVOK-Ησνοοιη

3 O O .3 .. rH CM CM

> CD 1 3 3 co bO co

cd to ·> *> pi · »· * O

P PbObO bflbObOco CO P Pi Pi σν PiPi Pi 3

3: o «> P

>> jO o oo oo o o CO «* <CO ·> n« 3 kv cd kv kv öininäi PO O .. m3- 3- ÄÖ CO CM CM -H OO 3 3

• H Cd> CD CO

Pi Pi · Η ·· 3 O

Pi -H .... Pi 3 · Η Cd 3 3 · Η -H O 3 ·· CO .. p CO 3

CD P * H>> 3 0-H3-HP CO O <D

E · γΗγΗ · Η · γΗΦ3> Ρ> Φ o 3 • H P CD Pi Pi -H Pi-H OH CD CD 3 * rl

3 3 Pi 1.3 I Pi 3 Pi 3 3 CDP

w CD Pi O to I OICDlbO: o 3 P

3 * rH CO CO> · Η CO O 03 PCÖ -H CD

• ΗΟΉΟΟ Ρΐϋ 3hJcO CCOS P "H 3 3 3 P CD

• 3 0 3 · ιΗ 3 α> 0> 0 · Η3 · Η3Ρ3

VO 3 E 3 ·. .. CO ··. · CD .. .. 3 ·. ·· >> · Η 3> O> O CD bO

CD O (D (D CD 3 CD CD 3 <D (DtH <DCD P3PiPi.H3 "H3CD3 O 3 Pi COPP CD PP OPP PPP -HI I IPiPiPiPi30« O <D 0: 0 0 to OO 3: θ O Ρβ O WOOtOI || ibOKd «? H 3 3 t> s 3 O« 3 at >> 3 <D>> 3> 5COcOCO >> Oto3a

o a 3 acOEH 3C0EH l 33 CDCOB >> 0Ii3 | O «« C0C0SW

O (D E-l I a M 3 rH

0 3 0 I I bO 3 <3 CO> O 3 3

EH EH O «CO S, <C

19 56398 TABLE 7 “. ^ Jakautuma-

Reference Process - number_component_Co_Ni_Cu 0 Cu-LSU input 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 LSU rock 49.7 92.9 95.9 11 LSU slag 50.3 7.1 4.1 4 KV- crude metal 0.2 18.7 92.8 12 KV slag 49.5 74.2 3.1 5 SU rock 37.2 72.6 2.9 15 SU slag 12.2 1.6 0.2 6 Difference: Mg phase 34.6 68.2 0.1 7 Difference: EMg phase 2.6 4.4 2.8 6 Ni-Co plant input 34.6 68.2 0.1 56398 20 σ \ c \ j is c- ~

X AND KN AND ON

O n I n I n I ·> I I

C \ J AND rH r — I

rH UNOO O UN

CM m CVI O O OO

O

• H m O C— UN CO

CO I I C \ l OJ CM

bO

Os! H ^ r inn ono γΛ (\ ι n r \ j ^ r kno w no ιλ ^ ·

CO O

O ON OJ I — I O I — I CO (—I O OO

I · »CNJ CM rH CM

CU OO

i — I I

PKN CÖ -3 "m VO rH

Ή + CO ON UN O m CO Φ O I #. n I n I a | |

> s fc CO KNVO CM | H

> 5 OS rH

I — I P

¢ 0 O

G G O -3 "UN UN- = T. = 3-OO VO

CÖ Φ m) —I C— O OO O I — I OJ

I *** \ *> | *** »#> # * ·»

Φ Φ G onon- = t c — oo ο m> —I

CO fx, 0) CMrH. = R = 3-muNLnm

d G

Eh · Η

P

P

Φ CMvom is unvo in- = r bO Φ unvo in inoo-a- hoo O bO X G aaaiaaaaa

O bO Os! bO OOOPC ^ -OrHO

Os! O CÖ CNJ

O *> S

o «bflvo TO

bO Λ bOo X m o.

Os! oo Os! oo H [£ 1 oo vo moo oo mvo in - = T rH O OJ VO O CNJ CM i — I O CM t— • H O m KN a · · aaaaaaaaa

Φ S *> ·> ·· ON CÖ *> OOOOHCOOWO

to KN ·· ON CÖ G bO CM

cö cm oJ - = r G O Os! P Η β O ·· 3

Φ I — I Ο · * 3 · γΗ Os! O rHOKNOCMUNCOCMVO

G 3 cö Os! P I m on o oo m cm = r m in m • H ££ ^ I 4-5 hH * * # »# * · * # *** # ** CÖ 3 I Os! > * HM ON rH- = r H ON- = rm O CM b- o ·· g> ojM -hi ojmoNCM m CÖ to CO · Η GG>> Ohi K "> j CO cö cö φ bO Oh to cö to os ! *> op to * '* »»> bO bO to co P bO bOO bOOs! Os! 3

cö P Os! Os! "Os! P

>: o o m m o >> o o m o A a g - = r to λ A CM αΚ- [- φ

ΦΝ C— O CM CM

TO pm m ·· oo G

• h co - = Γ · Η rH .... φ cO

Os! cö G -H * H C to

Os! Os! ·· ·· cö. ·>> -H O

G · Η · Η · Η iX CÖ -H CO · Η P CÖ

Ρ Ρ G >> 3G0 «G0s! P co G

g · Η · Η · Η · Η Os! O I Ρ I Φ CO O Φ

• H P GOsJOsiCÖGHOI- ^ O G

to G CÖ I l Oi Os! H G H G Φ G-H

f £ | Φ aG> G> CÖ · Η I I Φ | bO CO cö Φ P

G 3 CO CO (Ö (0> 3 G) cö to Ή G G P

O «hft OIK» MCO CMS P cö> 0 · ΗΦ. · Η O. · Η · Η Φ Φ Ρ · Η c CÖ · Η 3 Ρ Φ

OOCOB CO CO to G: θ> O COsJOsJpC

CO o to ·· ·· to ·· .. O ..... H ·· ·. P> 5 * rH 3 · Η O I I Φ bO

O Φ Os! ΦΦΦ ΦΦΦ G Φ Φ Ρ Φ Φ • HCO0s! 0siG3HI - ^ <Ö

Ui co Φ topp topp ftp ρ ρ ρ p coiiicöOs! MmgS

«O to pc O 0: 0 0 I: θ O φ: θΟ> IDDO ft I I I böit! G G cö «>> G G> s 3 H> i 3 Φ >> 3> sC0C0C0 3> G> G) cöO,

J 91 E «COE acoEH H co EH G co EH HJGGW ^ cocoSW

G »Λ I I bO cö

<CÖC0> G) CÖ G

EH hft «CO S <21 56398 md κο X in oo

O "I ·> I I

r-H H

OJ H KO

O -3-0

• H λ I * I I

CO 3 W

C \ J OJ

bO

M

MD LO h <"\ hOOO

CO 60 CM CTVOvOCMMD

X * * * * Λ

n CK1- = r HHN

3Γ O r-H CM

I O r-H

a * md I ΚΛ Cti CM CTv + .. CO r-H σ \

p dl -H O · * I *> I I

• rt fe -O CO CD CD

CO -P 3 Γ-Η

> 3 · Η -P

> 3 "H O

I-I G G

cd> s cd o c — co md co G CL. f— CM C ~ -1 — I K "\ cd CU G Λ n n n n I pL ·,« CU C— O CD 3 "Γ—

Φ bO bO G 3-3- inLntM

CO p * i PsJ -H

cd -p E-η tr- H 43

MD C— V

"« D) CTVOO CT \ OV CTv O -3 “CO G CM K'S CM CO .3" O O fC | hO · »·» · »·» «

r-H r — I cd H CO O MD O

e ή «ti ·· ·· o.

cti cti W

G G [- LTv KVMD CM

• rl OO CD H OVO tn d) 2 3 3 «* * * *» *

CO 2 Psi 60 H (ΛΟ IDH

Cti II Dx! rH CM

43> H

CU «M MD

G II C7 \ CDV Lf \ CT \ O

• H 3 tD *> VO CXD CAOO -3 "CÖ G CD CO CTV n n n ·> *>

O H CM O rH CM

cd Λ Λ. · ΙΛΛΙ -3 "> 60 60 60 Cd cd Gi J * X co cd o o o oo oo co

CO -3- MD MD G

Cd "*>« 43

> 3Γ O O O

LH CM CM tl

in CU

«Ti ·· G

• H Cd ·· ·· CU Cti

X G-rH H G CO

X O>> -H O

G G · Η CO · Η -P cd

<U 43 GilD COG

g -H I I 43 I CU O Φ

• H +3 t> H O H CU G

CO G Tsei H G H G G * H

[i] CU · Η I I CU I 60 tl Iti CUP

G CO · Η £> G> Cd 43-HGC43

• HO CO 2 CO G CO S XD> O · Η CU

• co a cu cu> 3 · η g 43 cu

CTv co E CO G co Gi Dx! -P G

CU O O ..... H ···· P I I I Φ U

O CO Dx! G CU CU 43 CU OI · Η H H H CU cd

«OCU 0.4343 43434D COHHHGS

«Geo ICO O CU: 0 O> 3lll 60« ti ZD O. cti H> iG CU> 3 G >> GGO (ti &

PJ CU En HCOE-i G CO G H CO CO CO S W

G> co I bO cti

<cd Cd cd G

E-ι E- (co S <56398 22 TABLE 10

Reference Process -Distribution i-number component Co Ni Cu 0 Ni-LSU feed 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 LSU rock 20.0 85.0 83.0 11 LSU slag 80.0 15.0 17.0 4 KV fine stone 12.5 75.7 78.4 12 KV slag 7.5 9.3 4.6 13 13 = 11 + 12 87.5 24.3 21.6 5 SU I-stone 62.5 23.6 11.2 15 SU-I slag 24.9 0.7 10.4 6 Separation: Mg phase 59.4 22.4 0.5 7 Separation: EMg phase 3, 1 1.2 10.7 4 + 6 Ni-Co plant feed 71.9 98.1 78.9 7 Cu plant feed - - 10.7

2 J

56398 Γ <Λ CO O K \

C \ J -3 "H OO

X Λ | Λ | Λ | Λ | |

ο - = Γ ΙΠ O LH

oo invo oc oo οι co H σ \ ιό oc Q «i * * | * | * | | • H HOt ^ CO. σι

CO OJ CM CM

t> 0

JsJ (\ 1 ΓΛΙΛίΠΟ O iOCOXI

C— i — I CO OO i — I O C— O

i-H ·% # ΐ # ** ΐ # ** ν «\ ***

| C'- LT \ - ^ - O CO CM LTV O r-l OJ

Λ «OJ OJ rH rO

m I ^

-P

• h ιό cö co oo co o t— CO + bO CO C \ J C ^ - = r O CT \>, 0! , M O «*> n | n |« ||

>, CO O O - = Τ 00 O

H O 2 CÖ CO -p c «o CÖ ΚΛ tn

| OJ Q) OOOfOOfMrlJ-CO

a; ON LO C "- OJ LOCO i — I O LO

£ 0 1¾ · Η Φ ^ TO ^ -OCMOO-3-H10

Eh pi β ιό c \ j ire. = R co ire p · Η

• H P

• H P

Ph a)

> J CD O fOHCX) ONVO KMACM

O Ph β oo - = r c \ j γό ο σ \ co γό oj U bO bO nnnnnnn * in bO "ϋ CÖ ΟΟΟΟΗγΗΟΓΌΟ

X hO M S

X X O SCÖ

O *> (X

«BO loi loco pq boo-, M- = r I — I co ΐΛΐηο ino in - ^ - vo

• H ^ s! 0— «ισι J-IPOCO ^ -OOrlOJ

φ ^ QN, £ - £ -

CO O CO rl rH ·· bo inOCrHCMCOOO ^ ROO

CÖ «··« CÖ X -3- COIOOJ ΙΌ P o cO I — I ·· ·· S3 0) CO β CÖ CÖ Ο ΙΌ β Roo ·· β β oS OO coo ^ OMno inn c \ i • H 35 rl Ö CÖO Ο -M * »OMAITlH ΚΜΛΙΛΙΛ CÖ OX β β | - = 3- ΛΛΛΛΛΛΛΛΛ • • I χ χ 3M H (\ ΐΗθσ \ οο ^ · οοσ \ CÖ CO HO 0 1 II OO 00> O CO -H>> Ho CÖ cd h3 33 «M3 CO CÖ

CO CO

p ro n n O

co P «* · *« * bO bO co cö P bO bO Μ Mi -M 3

>: 0 X X X P

>> o la o CO COCO CO -3J- «LO Ph

0) *! Ί00 f— · »(D

: cö jo t-— c— · »r— o • H co h> H oo acoo β CÖ X CÖ rH r-H CO Φ (0 X X" C _ o

Ph · Η ·· ·· CÖ · Η · Η CÖ CD Ph · Η · Η ·· β ·· CO> P CO β

ε Ρ · Η>> · Η Ο · Η 3 · ΗΡ CO Ο CD

• Η · Η Η · Η · Η> β> Ρ χ (D Ο β C0 Ρ φ, Μ JM · Η .Μ · Η O I Φ (D S3 · Η

W β .M I IX ΙϋΡπΜβ CO CDP

0), Μ 3ο 33 I ρ> ι Φ I bO: θ IÖ βΡ β · Η 00 GQ> · Η CO Η3 H0CÖ Ρ CÖ · Η β · Η Φ • · Η Ο Ή 2 J JM CO C0 β CO S Ρ * Η β cö> Ο Ρ φ rH CO Si C0 · Η CO Φ β> 0 · Ηβ · Η0Ρβ

ι — I co ε co ·· ·· co ·· ·· CD ·· ·· β ·· ··> *> · Η β> O X X Φ bO

CD O φ Φ Φ CO CD (D C0 Φ Φ · Η Φ CD Ρ W, Μ 3sJ · Η β II Φ CÖ O CO X C0PP ΦΡΡ ΟΡΡ ΡΡΡ · Η III, Μ .Μ Η Η β ε X Ο φ OOO co : θ Ο Ρπ: θ Ο Ρ: θ O co 00 33 30 ι ι ι ι bflrcö «Ph CO Ph >> β O> ι 3 Si >> 3 Φ> ι 3> jC0a} C0 >> DHOCÖP,

30 Si cö (O, CO En Ph CO E-I ICOEh Φ CO E-i t ^ iPJJtMMiCOCZlSW

1-3 Φ EH I Q. M S3 Ή 30 CO Ho I I bO Cö <C cö CO> 30 cö β

En EH 1-3 M3 CO S <4 ** 56398 24 TABLE 12 J distribution

Reference Process Number Number Co Ni Cu 0 LSU Feeds 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 Ni Fine Stone 4.3 73.3 5.9 11 Ni-LSU Slag 30.1 23.5 1, 6 01 Crude copper 35.3 2.9 86.9 011 Cu-LSU slag 50.3 0.3 5.7 13 13 = 11 + 011 60.4 23.9 7.3 5 Su-I stone 33 .7 22.6 5.8 15 Waste slag 26.7 1.2 1.4 6 Separation: Mg phase 28.1 20.0 0.2 7 Separation: EMg phase 5.6 2.6 5.6 1 +6 Ni-Co plant feed 32.4 93.3 6l, l 1 + 01 + 6 Ni-Co plant feed 67.7 96.2 25 66398 OO CO N rH LH 05

x CM CO 05 rH O CM

Q r> | ft ft | ft ft | "I

p- LP »H rOP" - = 3-

C \ j C— CM rH CO t— rH

O C— LO CO LO H 05

• H «I ft ft I ft *> I ·> I

i — I C— i — I ΓΟ (—I i I

cm cm cm ro ro ro

bO

Di bO oMTir-rooMnoo o i ^ cm h

e / 2, isj CO MD OO VO 05 t — lOOSOrICMOO

O

MD ft inuDOOOHOOMDrlHl · ·

Vä. OO O CM CM rH CM

| ft CM

O. ^ <ι | Λ · · CÖ 4-d + -Hm

• H CU CO O CO 05 '—I fM CO

Cd fe Di Cd CM ^ 3 "CM 05 05

> 5 O G ft I ft I | ·> Λ I *> I I

> 3 XJ -P o LO ^ T o

rH O

CÖ “tr

SbO d) X - = j- ro <h md io- = r md σ \ 05- = 3- oo

| φ bO G 05 CM COM3 CM CM OO C ^ - = 3 - = T OO

φ H 05 <ϋ ft », ftftftftftftftft« to ro G - = r o- = r oo o 10- = 3-cm- = 3-rH n-

CÖ b0 (O ft · Η IO- = 3-CM-a - = 3 "- ^ '-: 3’MDCM

Eh X tr ~ C— -P

ft rH p

LO rH CU

O 05 · · CU O OO CM CM O MD 05 O oo rH CM

O ft J3- -H G CM ΙΟ CM CM N— rl H? O 1Γ »S

o OO p bO bO «ftftftnftftftftftft

sr .. p Di CÖ OOOOOOOCMO-a-O

ro cö · η H

G · Η 05 ico • • O G «Qr

bO cö G> si> - (U

Di G bO Di CL, O HOC-CD ^ 1-CMO LO-a- CM - = T

φ -H O Di I OO ft ^ roOMDiHLOOC ^^ rOD ^ -CM

02 ^ \ Q OhO ft bO * n «\» l # r «\ *» rftftft Cö «Di - = Γ CO bO ·· X LO CM i — I O O O O LO o o ro

-p rH | ft (-3 Di CÖ MD H IO

CU -3- 3D t— G LO

G - = 3- C / 3 C— ft CO o o

• H IJb-bO * G ft VO 05SCM f-fHOCDLO H LO

Cö ·· 'X 05 X MD - = r LO MD CM VO MD CM ro CM rH ro! 3 CO ^ ·· tO | f-1

CÖ CD O bO Cd - = 3- ooh CM 05 O N-MD i — I i — I rO O CM O

> CU Di! O O I ·· CMrH05CM ^ T

cö ra φ «·· 3d cö cö: θ oo ra o · Η co ra -p p no ro ra o co p« p H cö · »ra

cö: o oo p cö bO bO G

> >> cm: o ·· 9h Di Di p

M >> · Η CÖ O

N- Φ ·· Cd Ph C H rH in

P · Η φ CÖ O *> «CU

circle> p a 05 vo vo • H cövHraSDsiroroc cö

Di Di Di cö Di <L> cd

Di -H o Di cö> »” G ω ra O

G Ph G · Η X P · Η · Η · Η O O cö

CU · Η Φ Pr Cd p> m> P CU CU Cd G

£ p H-H-HCÖ CU · Η S · ΗΡ Cd Cd CÖ OCU

• H · Η φ Λ Ph Ph P Di P Di CU: θ · Η: θ G G

cd P Di I CÖ I cdl OICU p> p O G · Η

w G X G) Ot3D · Η H Ph H c Ρ · Η Ρ · Η G CUP

CU -H CO G CO Ό I <UlbO: θ Di SO Ph X G-P

G P2GWG H O D G> cÖ>, O cö> »cö cö KD -H φ ..HO -H ra tn co G COS e» C G m ftCp cöpcu

roraara ra <u ι Φ o i G O P -HGPC

H ra E ......... CU .. .. G ·. .. OH 3DD! 3 »> O CD M

CU O <U <UCU <UCU mcucu · Η (U <U P CO, C Di CO CÖ Di >> · Η G CU CÖ

O ra Di rapppp Opp ppp Hoi iJDil tdDiDlCG

W O CU O -.O O CO O G '-O O P: θ O rd i OO I ÖO I I I bOsÖ bi G Cd Pr> i3 >> 3 ft> i3 CU >> G>) HWW3cdWOODcdft

3D a cö a CO Eh CO Eh I COE CU CO Eh XZGGOKGWCOCOSW

i-3 CU Eh I M G Ή 3d ra Od I bO cö

<G CO G> cö G

EH Eh J CO s <c 2 6 56398

3 LH O OJ O

CO «a! C— ctmH lt \ M3 H

Λ ·) *% A η

C \ J NOVOHJ rOH

C \ l H ΙΛ

PQ

E o Φ o h σ \ σ \

Ql «E Ph I — I θ '» C "- CM

+ t + * # »+ t

bO rH VO O O r — I C— O CM

«X -ccr c— i — i <

LH

*% f '' * o O LH o I G C— H O b- A U | S h h h h

·· · O O CO O CM O CM O

n Cd rH O LO - = 3 "<—I - = 3“ -p cd f ° v cm m

• H O

CO CO., LTD

> s d

>> · Η M -P O O O LO

h sz; <bO o ι ° »σ> h κλ cd .id in« ·> · »« G Φ CM <»rH Γ ~ η3- o O C'-

Cd O C— -3 "OO OO

I f- C .H rH rH

Φ CM Φ co G o m ctn ^ r

CdOΦ · · Η ^ TrHLnrH

EHOO -H -P H h λ h X P iHOiHHCMOOCh- X Φ en. = R t> - • H Φ g e • H W) o o o o

P cd CO O CM CO

cd cd -p E · »« »*» · »Φ feed G xd oooincMinooin

CO Φ O. C— O Ό OOCO LO LO

Cd E φ H rH

-P Φ CU rH ·>

G Φ bO

• H X

Cd <PQ «<PQ <PQ <pQ <p pQ

bO C-- cd p * ή

> LO

cd o cd o -p o cd

CO rH CO

cd bO bO O

> ·· X X CO., LTD

• h d

OO rH CM CM -P

HIO LO O

xd cd cm cm G

• rl -P rH rH CU

Φ X E ·· ·· G cd

G · Η · Η φ · Η CO., LTD

Φ G>> G H O

S -rl * H * rl CO · Η * rl i — I Cd

• h -p eo oi p * O p * p cd coG

CO * H CO rH · Η p · Η P p O Φ

M -p φφ'ϋΟ'ϋΦ φ G

G CO <P vH G · Η Φ E G · Η Φ O co <G Φ <G G · Η φ .p

e G C ^ -H h bO G> G -P

• Ή O A cd d G d cd · Η · Η · Η φ ^ 3- COO, -HS CO φ CO S Ό P * P Φ

rH CO S -P G rH-HPC

Φ O G ..... rl ·· ·· -P Φ O Φ bO

O COP * · Η CU Φ P Φ Φ · Η Gh · Η Φ Cd

W ΟΦ o P -P P P P cqcqCm G E

«Geo OOO Φ: θ O> j c rH hO« d td a cd · η >> d 0) >> d> jc3 d cd a

μΡΙΦΕΗ cp co Eh G CO Eh H s CO S W

PD CO rH bO cd

<cd d cd G

Eh Eh CO S <