FI3760803T3 - Shaft comprising shaft elements made of modules - Google Patents

Claims (6)

1. Shaft made of shaft elements made of construction elements The present invention relates to a shaft for a drain trench made of shaft elements, which shaft elements are made of construction elements.

   Furthermore, the invention relates to a drain trench shaft and a drain trench comprising such a drain trench shaft.

   Drain trenches are used to receive, store and discharge a fluid, especially rainwater.

   A shaft is provided for access to such a drain trench so that inspections, maintenance and cleaning of the drain trench can be carried out from there.

   These shafts are complex to manufacture from polymer material, either by welding them together from semi-finished products, or by using a blow molding process or a rotational sintering process.

   In the blow molding process and the rotational sintering process in particular, the wall thicknesses of the shaft or inspection shaft element are uneven, so that either the stability of these shafts or inspection shaft elements needs to be improved, or a high wall thickness needs to be formed to counter this, which reguires an increased material input.

   According to the disclosure of WO 2010/009410 A, a water absorbing device comprising a plurality of identical components is known, wherein the component comprises surfaces and sides, and wherein mutually adapted connecting means are formed to connect a plurality of such components into an assembly.

   WO 2006/107220 A discloses a modular furniture component which can be connected by connecting means to at least one further furniture component to form a furniture arrangement.

   This is where the invention comes in, which has set itself the object of specifying a shaft for a drain trench made of shaft elements, which shaft elements are made of components, with which the disadvantages of the prior art described above are overcome.

   Furthermore, it is the object of the invention to disclose a drain trench shaft and a drain trench with such a drain trench shaft.

   The solution to the first object of specifying a shaft element is provided by the subject-matter of claim 1. It has been found in the context of the present invention that a shaft or a shaft element for a drain trench completely solves the problem if it is provided that the shaft for a drain trench is composed of shaft elements, wherein the shaft element is made of a number of identical construction elements according to claim 1.

   In this way, the shaft for a drain trench made of shaft elements, wherein the shaft element is made of a number of construction elements, can be configured to be particularly stable.

   Appropriate precautions can also be taken in this way to ensure that the connection of the components to one another to form the shaft element is very strong.

   This makes it possible to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a shaft made of shaft elements, manufactured from components, which requires the least amount of material while providing maximum stability.

   In the simplest embodiment of the present invention, the shaft for a drain trench comprises two identical shaft elements connected together to form the shaft.

   — Within the scope of the present invention, it is also possible that further shaft elements are arranged on this shaft of two shaft elements and are connected to this or to an adjacent shaft element.

   In a very advantageous further development of the present invention, it can be provided that in the shaft for a drain trench of shaft elements, the component is configured in such a way that the first connecting means on the third side and the second connecting means on the fourth side are formed congruently with one another in such a way that, when a connecting state is established between two adjacent identical components, by connecting the first connecting means on the third side of the first component to the second connecting means on the fourth side of the second component or by connecting the second connecting means on the fourth side of the first component to the first connecting means on the third side of the second component, the components are arranged at an angle of 90° or approximately 90° with respect to the orientation of the respective first side of the components.

   The measure described above makes it possible to produce a shaft or shaft element in a simple manner by connecting individual components.

   In particular, such a shaft or shaft element can be assembled in this way from four individual identical components which are connected to one another in each case at an angle of 90° or approximately 90°.

   A very convenient further development of the present invention may be that the component is formed such that the third connecting means on the fifth side and the fourth connecting means on the sixth side are formed congruent to each other such that, when a connected state is established between two adjacent identical components, they are aligned or approximately aligned with respect to the orientation of the respective first side of the components.

   This measure makes it easy to stack shaft elements by aligning them one above the other and using the connecting means to create the connection state so that the individual shaft elements are firmly connected to each other.

   A further advantageous further embodiment of the present invention may be that the component is configured such that the first connecting means comprises at least one engagement portion, preferably two engagement portions, on the third side and the second connecting means comprises at least one engagement portion, preferably two engagement portions, on the fourth side.

   By providing one or more engagement portions on the first and second connecting means, a particularly stable, secure and firm connection of two components arranged next to each other can be achieved and ensured.

   In particular, the component of the present invention is practicably formed with a projection projecting approximately vertically from the second side, the projection preferably being formed at the end of the second side in the direction of the sixth side.

   Such a projection is particularly practicable for those portions of a shaft or shaft element which, when installed in the ground, are oriented either in or against the direction of gravity.

   It is thus particularly easy to provide a closure of the shaft in or against the direction of gravity by arranging, attaching or associating covers or adapters or similar devices to the projections or with the aid of the projections.

   In a further embodiment of the present invention, it may be advantageously provided that the projection has, at least in sections, the contour of a circular ring, in particular the contour of a quarter-circle ring.

   By providing a contour of the projection at least in sections in the form of a circular ring, in particular in the form of a quarter-circle ring, an opening bounded by the projections can be formed during the manufacture of a shaft or shaft element from four identical components.

   Such an opening of a shaft or shaft element can advantageously be used as access to the shaft or shaft element.

   In the present invention, it may prove very advantageous if it is provided that the component is formed in such a way that it consists of or contains a polymer material, the polymer material being selected from a thermoplastic, in particular a polyolefin, such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polybutylene (PB),

   copolymers thereof and mixed compositions.

   Fiber-reinforced polymer materials and/or mineral-filled polymer materials can also be used with advantage.

   Long and short fibers are suitable as fibers.

   These can be selected from mineral fibers and synthetic reinforcing fibers.

   Examples include fibers of glass, polyamide, aramid, carbon, polyester and others.

   Natural 5 reinforcing fibers from plants, such as cotton, kapok, poplar fluff, bamboo, nettle, hemp, jute, linen, ramie, wood, sisal, coir and Manila hard fiber can also be used.

   Suitable mineral fillers are chalk, talc, mica, serpentine, vermiculite, muscovite, kaolinite and others.

   The fiber reinforcement and/or mineral filling of the polymer material allows its range of properties to be adapted to the technical requirements or the requirements of the customer.

   The polymer materials described above are inert, resistant, durable, strong,

   comparatively easy to process, impact resistant, flexible and inexpensive.

   The component of the present invention may be fabricated in a polymer molding process, such as an injection molding process or a rotational molding process or a rotational sintering process or a compression molding process or a deep drawing process or an extrusion blow molding process or an additive manufacturing process, such as a 3D printing process, or a combination of the foregoing.

   The above-mentioned processes are suitable for producing a component according to the present invention in large quantities in a reproducible, dimensionally accurate and cost-effective manner.

   This provides components that are extremely durable and strong, and meet the demands of customers or the relevant specifications for their application.

   It may prove highly advantageous in the context of the present invention if it is provided that the component is formed by means of a molding tool for molding the polymeric composition into the molded composition, wherein the molding tool is an injection mold and/or a blow mold and/or a thermoforming tool and/or a compression mold.

   By selecting a molding tool for molding the polymeric composition into the molded composition, wherein the molding tool is an injection mold and/or a blow mold and/or a thermoforming tool and/or a compression mold, a component can be manufactured exactly to the customer's specifications in a simple, cost-effective, and serial manner.

   It may further prove highly practicable in the context of the present invention if it is provided that the component is manufactured in an additive manufacturing process, such as a 3D printing process.

   Such a process is suitable for producing a component according to the present invention in large numbers in a reproducible, dimensionally accurate and cost- effective manner.

   In particular, it may be provided that the component is manufactured in whole or in part using a generative manufacturing process, for example by a 3-D printing process.

   For this purpose, a data-processing machine-readable three-dimensional model can advantageously be used for manufacturing.

   The invention also includes a method of generating a data processing machine readable three-dimensional model for use in a manufacturing process for a component.

   In particular, the method includes inputting data representing a device into a data processing engine and using the data to represent a device as athree-dimensional model, the three-dimensional model being suitable for use in manufacturing a device.

   Also included in the method is a technique of using the input data from one or more 3D scanners operating either in a touch or non-

   contact manner, in the latter of which energy is delivered to a building element and the reflected energy is received, and generating a virtual three-dimensional model of a building element using computer-aided design software.

   The manufacturing process may include a generative powder bedding process, in particular selective laser melting (SLM), selective laser sintering (SLS), selective heat sintering (SHS), selective electron beam melting (Electron Beam Melting EBM / Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing EBAM) or binder jetting of powder material.

   The manufacturing process may include a generative free-

   space process, in particular buildup welding, wax deposition modeling (WDM), contour crafting, metal powder application (MPA), plastic powder application, cold gas spraying, electron beam melting (Electron Beam Welding EBW) or fused deposition processes such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) or fused filament fabrication (FFF). The manufacturing process may include a generative liquid material process, particularly stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), multi-jet modeling (MJM), polyjet modeling, or liquid composite molding (LCM). Furthermore, the manufacturing process may include other generative layer build-up processes, in particular Laminated Object Modeling (LOM), 3D screen printing, or Light Controlled Electrophoretic Deposition.

   Furthermore, the present invention comprises that two shaft elements, each formed of four components, can be connected to each other to form a shaft in such a way that each of the four fifth sides of the four components of one shaft element are brought into plug-in connection with the corresponding fifth side of the four components of the opposite shaft element by respective third connecting means.

   This enables a fixed connection of the two shaft elements.

   The orientation of the two shaft elements, which are connected to each other in the manner described above, is such that the two openings are maximally spaced apart.

   In another orientation of two shaft elements, it can be provided that the respective third connecting means of the fifth side of the four construction elements of one shaft element can be brought into plug-in connection with the fourth connecting means on the sixth side of the four construction elements of the opposite shaft element.

   Here, the shaft elements are connected in such a way that the two openings are oriented close to each other.

   ltis further possible to arrange further shaft elements at the two shafts described above, this being done in a stacking manner so that in each case the opening of the shaft element to be stacked, i.e. to be brought into connection with the shaft, is either maximally remote or oriented close to the next opening of the shaft.

   The stacking can be repeated as often as desired, wherein the number of stacked shaft elements will be based on the height of a drain trench.

   Furthermore, an orientation of two shaft elements can also be provided in such a way that the respective fourth connecting means of the sixth side of the four components of one shaft element can be brought into plug-in connection with the fourth connecting means on the sixth side of the four components of the opposite shaft element.

   In this case, the shaft elements are connected in such a way that the two openings are oriented directly adjacent to each other.

   Due to the possibilities described above, stacking of the shaft elements can be made in any orientation depending on the necessities required by the arrangement of a drain trench shaft at a drain trench.

   The solution to the second object of providing a drain trench shaft for a drain trench is achieved by the subject-matter of claim 5.

   The drain trench shaft according to the invention, comprising at least one shaft made of two interconnected shaft elements in which the openings overlie one another and are maximally spaced apart from one another, a closing element which closes an opening, an adapter which is arranged at the opening opposite the opening closed by the closing element, and a pipe, in particular a corrugated pipe, which is connected to the adapter, is suitable in a very particularly advantageous manner for equipping a drain trench.

   Such a shaft is particularly advantageously formed if it is provided that the closure part and/or the adapter and/or the corrugated pipe contains a polymer material or consists of a polymer material, wherein the polymer material is selected from a thermoplastic, in particular from a polyolefin, such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polybutylene (PB), their copolymers and mixed compositions.

   The solution of the third and last object of the invention, i.e. to provide a drain trench with a drain trench shaft, is achieved by the subject matter of claim 6.

   In the context of the present invention, it has been found that a drain trench is particularly technically upgraded when it is provided that the drain trench is constructed of drain trench elements, and comprises at least one drain trench shaft according to the invention.

   The present invention is widely applied to the provision of shafts or shaft elements, and in particular, shafts and shaft elements of drain trench shafts for drain trenches, to provide access to a drain trench in this way for inspection, maintenance, and cleaning, but also to supply fluid thereto or to discharge fluid therefrom.

   Such shafts or shaft elements and, in particular, drain trench shafts are easily and inexpensively accessible according to the present invention.

   For the connection of a drain trench shaft to a drain trench, corresponding openings are to be made, to allow unobstructed fluid transport between the shaft and the drain trench.

   Further important features and advantages of the invention are apparent from the subclaims, from the figures and from the accompanying figure description. The present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. The Figures show in:

   Fig. 1 a schematic perspective illustration of a component according to the present invention;

   Fig. 2 a schematic illustration of a shaft element made of four components and details thereof;

   Fig. 3 a schematic perspective illustration of a shaft made of two interconnected shaft elements each made of four components, and details thereof;

   Fig. 4 a schematic lateral sectional view of a shaft made of two interconnected shaft elements each made of four components, and details thereof;

   Fig. 5 a schematic side view of a shaft;

   Fig. 6 a schematic perspective view of the shaft from Fig. 5;

   Fig. 7 a-e each a schematic top view of a drain trench with a shaft. In Fig. 1, a schematic perspective view is shown of a component 1 according to the present invention.

   The component 1 has a plate-shaped design.

   The component 1, which is approximately cuboid in shape, comprises six sides, a first side 2, a second side 3, a third side 4, a fourth side 5, a fifth side 6, and a sixth side 7 not shown here.

   The first side 2 and the second side 3 are opposite each other, flat and aligned approximately parallel to each other.

   The third side 4 and the fourth side 5 are opposite each other and are aligned approximately parallel to each other.

   Likewise, the fifth side 6 and the sixth side 7, which is not shown here, are arranged opposite and parallel to each other.

   Connecting means 8, 9 are provided on the third side 4 and on the fourth side 5. The connecting means 8, 9 are formed in such a way that a first connecting means 8 is formed on the third side 4 and a second connecting means 9 is formed onthe fourth side 5. Connecting means 10, 11 are provided on the fifth side 6 and on the sixth side 7. For this purpose, a third connecting means 10 is provided on the fifth side 6 and a fourth connecting means 11 on the sixth side 7.

   The first connecting means 8 at the third side 4 and the second connecting means 9 at the fourth side 5 are formed congruently with each other to establish a connecting state between two adjacent identical components 1, 1', which will be shown later.

   The third connecting means 10 at the fifth side 6 and the fourth connecting means 11 at the sixth 7 side are configured congruently with each other to establish a connection state between two adjacent components 1, 1', which will be described in more detail later.

   A projection 14 protrudes vertically from the second side 3 of the component 1.

   The projection 14 of the component 1 has in sections the contour of a circular ring, in particular the contour of a quarter-circle ring.

   It is further provided that the first side 2 of the component 1 comprises a latch opening 18 into which a latching lug 17 formed on the connecting means 10, 11 formed as projections can snap when a connection state is established between two adjacent identical components 1, 1', whereby a fixed connection state can be established.

   In Fig. 2, a schematic top view of a shaft element 102 made of four components 1, 1' is shown.

   The reference characters in Fig. 2 correspond to those in the preceding Fig. 1. The shaft element 102 is made of four identical construction elements, of which only the adjacent construction elements 1, 1' are discussed in more detail here, in that they are connected at their respective first connecting means 8 and second connecting means 9, in such a way that the second connecting means 9 of the first construction element 1 is connected to the first connecting means 8 of the adjacent identical second construction element 1'. The first component 1 is then correspondingly connected by its first connecting means 8 to another component 1' via its second connecting means 9, and so on.

   The second component 1' is correspondingly further connected with its second connecting means 9 to an adjacent component not further provided here with reference characters via its first connecting means 8.

   It is understood that the other components 1 for the shaft element 102, which are indeed identical to each other, are connected in an analogous manner.

   The configuration of the component 1 according to the invention results in a square arrangement in plan view of four components 1, 1' connected to each other in each case at an angle of 90° to the shaft element 102.

   A detail A is shown in Fig.
2. 2. The connection of the first component 1 to the second component 1' according to the illustration of Fig. 2 is carried out, as shown by way of example in the detailed view A, in such a way that the second connecting means 9 of the first component 1 is inserted into the first connecting means 8 of the adjacent identical second component 1' perpendicular to the drawing plane, or that the first connecting means 8 of the adjacent identical second component 1' is inserted into the second connecting means 9 of the first component 1 perpendicular to the drawing plane.

   Hereby, an exceedingly tight connection of the first component 1 and the second component 1' is established, since the engagement portions 12, 13 in the form of blunt noses, recesses in the form of blunt noses, swept tips and recesses in the form of swept tips closely engage with each other.

   Here, the engagement portions 12, 13 are mutually brought into close abutment and thereby stabilize each other by interlocking against deflection in the drawing plane by an external force action.

   A projection 14 protrudes vertically from the second side 3 of each of the structural members 1, 1' of the shaft member 102. Since the projection 14 of the component 1 has in sections the contour of a circular ring, in particular the contour of a guarter-circular ring, the four projections 14 complement each other in such a way that an opening 19 is formed in the shaft element 102 which is bounded by four projections 14. It is understood that the invention is not limited to four components 1 being connectable to form a shaft element 102.

   Rather, it is also possible by appropriate design of the components 1 to combine three, five, six or more components to form shaft elements with corresponding triangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc. cross-sections. cross-section.

   Fig. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of a shaft 101 made of two interconnected shaft elements 102, 102. The reference characters in Fig. 3 correspond to those in the preceding figures. As described above, two shaft elements 102 are each formed from four components 1. The two shaft elements 102 thus created are now connected to one another to form the shaft 101 in such a way that each of the four fifth sides 6 of the four components 1 of one shaft element 102 are brought into plug-in connection with the respective corresponding fifth side 6 of the four components 1 of the opposite shaft element 102 by respective third connecting means 10. This enables a fixed connection of the two shaft elements 102. The orientation of the two shaft elements 102, which are connected to one another in the manner described above, is effected in such a way that the two openings 19, of which only one, the upper opening 19, is shown, are at a maximum distance from one another. In another orientation of two shaft elements 102 not shown here, it can be provided that the respective third connecting means 10 of the fifth side 6 of the four components 1 of one shaft element 102 are brought into plug-in connection with the fourth connecting means 11 on the sixth side 7 of the four components 1 of the opposite shaft element 102. In this case, the shaft elements 102 are connected in such a way that the two openings 19 are oriented close to each other. The projections and recesses forming the connecting means 10, 11 are dimensioned and positioned such that a projection is insertable into a recess along each side 6, 7 to establish a connection state between two adjacent identical components 1, 1 of the two shaft elements 102, 102.

   It is further provided that the second side 3 of the component 1 comprises latch openings 18 into which latching lugs 17 formed on the connecting means 10, 11 formed as projections can snap when a connecting state is established between two adjacent identical components 1, 1', whereby a fixed connecting state can be established.

   Fig. 4 shows a schematic sectional side view of a shaft 101 made of two interconnected shaft elements 102, 102, each made of four components 1, and details thereof. The reference characters in Fig. 4 correspond to those in the preceding figures. Two interconnected shaft elements 102 are shown here. According to detail, an adapter 105 is connected to the upwardly pointing opening 19 of the upper shaft element 102, which is bounded by the projections 14, said adapter 105 having a collar 107 extending around its outer circumference and thus being able to be placed on the projections 14 in a simple manner. For fastening the adapter 105 to the shaft element 102, it is provided that holding elements 106 are formed which engage behind the projections 14 in a latching manner. The collar 107 may advantageously be used to fluid-tightly attach a cover, for example in the form of a foil, enveloping the drain trench 200 and d the shaft element 102, for example by a welding process to the collar 107. The opening 19 of the lower shaft element 102 shown in Fig. 4, which is opposite the opening 19 with the adapter 105, is closed by a closure part 103. The closure part 103 is in the form of a plate with a round cross-section, which comprises latching elements 104 at the edges. Detail C shows that the latching elements 104 of the closure part 103 engage behind the projections 14 in a latching manner. By way of example, in Fig. 4 the closure part 103 is inserted from below into the opening 19 of the shaft element 102. Of course, in an alternative embodiment of the invention, it can also be provided that the closure part 103 is inserted into the opening 19 from above, i.e. "from the inside of the shaft element 102". In Fig. 5, a schematic side view of a drain trench shaft 300 is shown. The reference numerals in Fig. 5 correspond to those in the preceding figures. Here, it is shown that the adapter 105 attached to the shaft element 102 is adapted to receive a corrugated pipe 120 to provide access, for example from the ground surface through the corrugated pipe 120 and the shaft elements 102 to the connected drain trench 200 not shown here.

   Fig. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of the drain trench shaft 300 of Fig. 5. The reference characters in Fig. 6 correspond to those in the preceding figures. In this illustration, the view can be directed to the lower part of the drain trench shaft 300. There, the opening 19, which is delimited by the projections 14, is closed by the closure part 103. In each case, Fig. 7 a shows a schematic top view of a drain trench 200 with a shaft 101. The reference characters in Fig. 7 a e correspond to those in the preceding figures. In Fig. 7, four drain trenches 200 are shown in a schematic manner, each of which is formed according to a similar scheme in a matrix arrangement of drain trench elements 201. According to the embodiment shown in Fig. 7 ae, 19 or 20 drain trench elements 201 are arranged adjacent to each other such that a layer of a rectangular drain trench 200 is formed. The drain trench elements 201 are known per se from the prior art, are generally formed from a polymer material and can be firmly joined together by suitable joining means in at least two, usually three spatial directions. In principle, there are four possible arrangements for the drain trench shaft 300 required for the drain trench 200, which are shown at a e in Fig. 7.

   According to Fig. 7a, the drain trench shaft 300 is arranged at a corner position of the drain trench 200. Here, the flushing and distribution channels are arranged horizontally and vertically with respect to the drawing plane in the drain trench elements 201, which are shown schematically as a line arranged centrally in the drain trench element 201.

   Fig. 7b shows the arrangement of the drain trench shaft 300 in the layer of drain trench elements 201, which form the outer edge of the drain trench 200. Here, the flushing and distribution channel extends horizontally.

   Fig. 7c shows the arrangement of the drain trench shaft 300 in the layer of drain trench elements 201 forming the outer edge of the drain trench 200, with a course of the flushing and distribution channel in the vertical direction. In Fig. 7d, it is shown that the drain trench shaft 300 is arranged in front of an outer edge of the drain trench 200. The flushing and distribution channel extends horizontally. Finally, Fig. 7e illustrates that the drain trench shaft 300 is disposed within the array of drain trench elements 201 of the drain trench 200, forming a horizontal and vertical arrangement of flushing and distribution channels. In Fig. 7 b - e, it has been omitted to indicate again the drain trench elements 201, as is the case in Fig. 7a, since the facts in Fig. 7 b - d are the same as in

   Fig. 7a. It is understood that the drain trench elements 201 can also be stacked perpendicular to the drawing plane and that the number of drain trench elements 201 according to Fig. 7 can also be any other.

   List of reference characters 1 component 2 first side 3 second side 4 third side 5 fourth side 6 fifth side 7 sixth side 8 first connection means 9 second connection means 10 third connection means 11 fourth connection means 12 engagement portion 13 engagement portion 14 projection 17 latching lug 18 latch opening 19 opening 101 shaft 102 shaft element 103 closing part 104 latch element 105 adapter 106 holding element 107 collar 120 corrugated pipe 200 drain trench 201 drain trench element 300 drain trench shaft A Detail B Detail C Detail