DRIVE ARRANGEMENT AND DRUM DRIVE Description
The invention relates to a drive arrangement and a drum drive.
In gear units, driving toothed parts are known which are engaged with further toothing.
A drum drive in which support rings are fastened to the drum, radially spaced apart therefrom, is known from US 5 890 814. Further toothing is attached separately.
A gear wheel which is subdivided into segments which can be connected by screwing is known from DE 2157328 A.
Likewise, a segmented rim gear with internal toothing for a construction machine is known from DE 10 2006 026 085 B3.
The object of the invention is therefore to drive a drum which is larger than the machine tools which are available for producing toothing, in particular gear- cutting machines, or than the toothing which can be produced with such machines.
According to the invention, this object is achieved in the case of the drive arrangement in accordance with the features set forth in Claim 1, and in the case of the drum drive in accordance with the features set forth in Claim 15.
What is advantageous with the invention is that the gear wheel can be produced easily and its guality can be controlled to a greater extent.
The screw connection comprises in each case at least two locating bolts and at least two fastening bolts, in particular at least three or four fastening bolts, in particular wherein the fastening bolts are screw bolts.
What is advantageous in this case is that the aligning and the tight connection can be carried out in succession.
According to the invention, the gear wheel is composed of N segments, in particular ring segments, the number N being between 7 and 25, and the toothing of the gear wheel has a modulus m, and each segment, in particular ring segment, has z teeth, the product of z x m having a value in the range between 340 mm and 440 mm,
in particular wherein the modulus is between 10 and 100 mm.
What is advantageous in this case is that particularly high loading and torgue transmission is made possible.
In one advantageous configuration, the gear wheel has a modulus, wherein
- for a modulus of 20 mm, each ring segment has between 1/ and 22 teeth, - for a modulus of 25 mm, each ring segment has between 13 and 17 teeth,
- for a modulus of 30 mm, each ring segment has between 11 and 14 teeth,
- for a modulus of 40 mm, each ring segment has between 8 and 10 teeth.
What is advantageous in this case is that likewise particularly high loading and torgue transmission is made possible.
It is in accordance with the invention in the case of the ring segment that the ring segment has a projection, in particular shoulder, running in the peripheral direction.
What is advantageous in this case is that particularly precise alignment of the segments relative to each other is made possible.
What is also advantageous with the invention is that, once the ring segments have been assembled to form a ring, turning of this entire ring can be carried out and thus the radial and/or axial deviations from an ideal value can be detected by an at least linearly deflectable distance measuring means, such as a measuring sensor.
In this manner, then a ring segment which projects out for example radially too far or lies radially too deep is displaceable until it is positioned in the tolerated region.
The displacement preferably takes place in that the fastening bolts are loosened somewhat and then the ring segment is displaced by means of knocking.
Finally, the fastening bolts are re-tightened.
According to the invention, the projection is arranged at a smaller radial
— distance than toothing provided on the ring segment, in particular at a shorter radial distance than the root circle of the toothing.
What is advantageous in this case is that turning of the ring, undisturbed by the toothing, and detection of the radial deviations is made possible.
According to the invention, the toothing is involute toothing.
What is advantageous in this case is that the toothing can be produced simply and inexpensively with known machine tools.
According to the invention, the toothing is manufactured from ADI.
What is advantageous in this case is that a particularly long service life of the toothing can be achieved and furthermore large forces can be transmitted on a very compact spatial region, i.e. a very small driving gear wheel can be used as toothed part compared with the external diameter of the drum or of the external diameter of the toothing produced by assembling the ring segments.
According to the invention, the projection protrudes axially out of the surface region of the ring segment surrounding it.
What is advantageous in this case is that thus not only axial displacements but also radial deviations can be ascertained.
The projection should be embodied as a ground face; in particular a ground cylinder casing portion face should be provided and an end-face region which protrudes axially.
In one advantageous configuration, on its end regions lying in the peripheral direction [noun missing] has end faces with drill holes running tangentially, i.e.
in the peripheral direction, in particular into which holes fastening bolts can be introduced for connecting to one further ring segment of the same type in each case.
What is advantageous in this case is that the ring composed of the ring segments overall has toothing which does not have any significant interruption regions in the region of the transition between the ring segment regions.
In one advantageous configuration, the ring segment beneath the toothing is designed in sword-like manner.
What is advantageous in this case is that a firm base which is capable of load-bearing which also gives shape to the ring composed of the ring segments can be connected.
In one advantageous configuration, axially running bores are provided in the region designed in sword-like manner for introducing fastening bolts with which the ring segment can be fastened to a supporting part, in particular drum, ring or ring segment.
What is advantageous in this case is that the ring segment can be embodied with only few bracing elements or other reinforcements requiring
— material, because the shaping for the ring is provided by means of the drum or by means of the other supporting part.
The ring therefore does not have to hold its shape itself.
In one advantageous configuration, the ring segment plus toothing, end faces and region designed in sword-like manner is formed in one piece.
What is advantageous in this case is that a stable and secure fastening can be embodied in a simple manner.
In one advantageous configuration, the projection on a face region which protrudes axially and/or on a face region with a radially aligned normal is finish- machined such that determination of true running is made possible by means of measuring sensor, in particular for determining the deviation from true running, in particular in order to improve the alignment of the ring segments relative to each other.
What is advantageous in this case is that a deviation from true running can be detected on the entire periphery of the gear wheel and thus the alignment of the segments relative to each other can be detected and corrected.
According to the invention, the projection is arranged at a shorter radial distance than toothing provided on the ring segment, in particular at a shorter radial distance than the root circle of the toothing.
According to the invention, the projection protrudes axially [protrudes] out of the surface region of the ring segment surrounding it, the toothing being arranged radially externally on the ring segment.
What is advantageous in this case is that the deviation from true running can be carried out spaced apart from the 5 toothing.
In one advantageous configuration, the ring segment radially beneath the toothing a connecting-web region is designed in sword-like manner, so that the region of connection of the ring segments to each other is provided at a greater radial distance than the region of connection of the ring segments to a part which is to be driven by the gear wheel, such as drum or shaft.
What is advantageous in this case is that high torques and forces within the connected ring segments are permitted.
In one advantageous configuration, the ring segment have a connecting-web region connecting the end faces, in which cutouts for passing through connecting screws connecting the ring segment to the part which is to be driven are arranged, so that the region of connection of the ring segments to each other and the region of connection of the ring segments to the part which is to be driven by the gear wheel, such as drum or shaft, at least cover a common radial distance partial region, in particular therefore are arranged substantially radially at the same radial distance.
What is advantageous in this case is that with low material costs a high strength can be achieved and high torques can be transmitted, since they are transmitted at the same radial distance.
In one advantageous configuration, the connecting-web region has at least one cutout, in particular at least one oval cutout or, viewed from the axial direction, one asymmetrical and one or more symmetrical cutouts.
What is advantageous in this case is that in particular in the case of an oval cutout high stability can be achieved while having low mass.
In one advantageous configuration, the connecting-web region has a plurality of symmetrical cutouts arranged in the peripheral direction one behind the other which are separated by means of substantially radially running intermediate webs, wherein axially aligned bores for fastening to the part which is to be driven are provided in the intermediate webs.
What is advantageous in this case is that each intermediate web only has to transmit a small portion of torque and thus little material and nevertheless as a whole high torque can be transmitted if many intermediate webs and cutouts are provided in each segment.
In one advantageous configuration, the ring segment plus toothing, end faces and region designed in sword-like manner, in particular connecting-web region, is formed in one piece.
What is advantageous in this case is that a stable ring segment which is capable of load-bearing can be produced with low material costs.
Important features in the case of the drum drive are that it comprises a drum and a driving toothed part, wherein ring segments are provided on the outer periphery of the drum, wherein the ring segments have toothing, wherein the driving toothed part is engaged with the toothing and the drum is at least partially mounted by way of the toothed part.
What is important in this case is that the weight of the drum can be carried by way of the driving toothed part.
This is made possible in particular by the use of ADI as material for the toothing.
For as a result, the load-bearing ability is so high that the entire mounting of the drum is made possible.
What is advantageous in this case is that the toothing can be driven by the driving toothed part.
In particular, this toothed part can be made very much smaller than the toothing formed by the assembled ring segments.
Preferably the external diameter of the driving toothed part is at least five times less than the external diameter of the toothing formed by the assembled ring segments.
In this manner, a drum or a correspondingly cylindrical object can be driven in a simple manner.
The particular advantage in the use of the ring segments is also that the machine tool used for manufacturing the toothing can be selected to be correspondingly small, in particular the machine tool is smaller than the toothing formed by the assembled ring segments.
By means of connection to the drum,
the drum can therefore be used as a supporting and shaping part.
Therefore the ring segments also have to be embodied only with a low wall thickness and small number of reinforcements and bracing elements.
Even weight-saving cutouts can be provided.
In this case, the shaping however is dependent on the drum and large temperature fluctuations there should be avoided, since due to the rigid connection of the ring segments to the drum the change in shape also has an effect on the toothing formed by the assembled ring segments.
In one advantageous configuration, the driving toothed part is engaged with the assembled toothing formed by the toothing of the ring segments.
What is advantageous in this case is that a rotary movement of a large, heavy part is made possible without it having encircling, interruption-free toothing manufactured in one piece.
In one advantageous configuration, at least a first ring or at least ring segments assembled in the peripheral direction forming a first ring are provided on the outer periphery of the drum, in particular connected by welding to the drum.
What is advantageous in this case is that stresses and vibrations in the peripheral direction are somewhat dampened.
In one advantageous configuration, further ring segments are provided which in the peripheral direction are assembled to form a further ring and are connected, in particular connected by welding, to the first ring or the corresponding ring segments.
What is advantageous in this case is that also for rigid fastening of the toothing formed by the assembled ring segments.
Parts provided on the drum can be produced from segments.
In one advantageous configuration, the ring segments which have toothing are connected to the first and/or further ring segments, in particular connected in non-positive manner, in particular connected by screwing.
What is advantageous in this case is that the toothed parts can be fastened to ring segments which protrude out radially from the drum surface and thus represent an inexpensive possible way of fastening for axially directed fastening bolts.
In this case, the ring segments are preferably welded to the drum surface.
In one advantageous configuration, bores are provided in connectable ring segments, into which bores bolts are introduced for aligning the ring segments with each other.
What is advantageous in this case is that aligning is made possible in a simple manner.
Preferably the bolts are provided in the bores such that a small tolerance range of movement of the ring segments relative to each other is available.
Thus fine alignment is made possible, for example by means of knocking and subsequent tightening of the fastening bolts or the like.
In one advantageous configuration, at least one cutout is provided in the sword-
— like region to reduce the mass of the ring segment, in particular with the cutout being spaced apart in the peripheral direction from the circumferential position of the fastening regions, in particular corresponding drill holes.
What is advantageous in this case is that axially directed cutouts can be provided.
In one advantageous configuration, further ring segments are provided which are assembled in the peripheral direction to form a further ring and are connected, in particular connected by welding, to the first ring or the corresponding ring segments.
In one advantageous configuration, bores are provided in connectable ring segments, into which bores a bolt is introduced for aligning the ring segments with each other.
In one advantageous configuration, at least one cutout is provided in the sword- like region to reduce the mass of the ring segment, in particular with the cutout being spaced apart in the peripheral direction from the circumferential position of the fastening regions, in particular corresponding drill holes.
Further advantages will become apparent from the dependent claims.
The invention will now be discussed in greater detail with reference to illustrations:
Figure 1 shows an arrangement according to the invention with a plurality of ring segments 1.
Figure 2 shows an oblique view of a ring segment 1.
Figure 3 shows a side view of a similarly constructed ring segment 1. Figure 4 shows an associated sectional view.
Figure 5 shows a schematic section through the arrangement, comprising the fastening means on a drum.
Figure 6 shows an alternative embodiment.
Figure 7 shows a further large-scale gear wheel composed of sixteen ring segments 1, with each ring segment 14 having teeth.
Figure 8 illustrates the connection of two ring segments of Figure / in greater
— detail.
Figure 1 shows the externally-toothed ring segments 1 which are connected together, which together are fastened to a drum which is to be driven.
The ring segments 1 together form a gear wheel, i.e. large-scale gear wheel, which is driven by a smaller gear wheel 2. This gear wheel 2 is connected in positive manner on an output shaft of a gear unit, not shown.
Thus a low-power electric motor arranged on the input side of the gear unit is capable of driving the large- scale gear wheel.
The ring segments in this case are connected by means of screws to their respective ring segment next adjacent in the peripheral direction and are fastened to ring segments which in turn are fastened to the drum.
For connecting in each case two ring segments 1 which are adjacent in the peripheral direction, two locating bolts are provided, these serving for alignment relative to each other, and four fastening bolts with which the ring segments to be connected in each case are pressed onto each other in the peripheral direction.
Figure 2 illustrates a ring segment 1 in greater detail.
At both end regions provided in the peripheral direction, the ring segment has holding regions 22 which are provided with drill holes into which the locating bolts 20 or the connecting screws 21 which are arranged radially deeper can be introduced.
The two holding regions are connected by means of a connecting- web region 23. Each ring segment 1 has an oval cutout 3 in the connecting-web region 23 which makes it possible to reduce the mass without substantially affecting the strength and stability of the ring segment 1. To this end, the oval cutout of each ring segment 1 is made longer in the peripheral direction than in the radial direction.
The toothing region with the toothing 32 is arranged radially externally, adjoining the holding regions 22 and the connecting-web region 23. Preferably the ring segment is produced in one piece from ADI.
The connecting-web region 23 protrudes out radially inwards in sword-like manner.
By means of this region which protrudes out, a connection to the drum which is to be driven is made possible.
Preferably for this purpose connecting screws 4 and corresponding bores not shown in Figure 2 are provided in the axial direction in the region which protrudes out and in the drum.
The connection to the drum is carried out by means of the axially aligned connecting screws 4 beneath that radial distance which is used for connecting thering segments 1 to each other.
Figure 3 illustrates an enlarged further similar ring segment 1, with the toothing 32 being arranged on the outer edge.
Furthermore, bores 30 for aligning and bores 31 for fastening are shown.
Owing to the use of ADI as material, the loss of pre-tensioning force due to settling of the screws is less and hence the connection can be guaranteed more reliably.
For higher forces are now possible.
In particular in this case it has an advantageous effect that ADI is more elastic and harder compared with other hardened steel.
Unlike the embodiment of Figure 2, the ring segment 1 now has a plurality of cutouts (33, 34) which are arranged in succession in the peripheral direction.
In the peripheral direction to the front and rear there is arranged in each case an asymmetrical cutout 33, and in the peripheral direction therebetween symmetrical cutouts 34 are arranged.
Thus bores for aligning 30 can be provided without substantially influencing the stability.
The connecting-web region 35 is not fully illustrated.
The axially running bores 31 formed in the connecting-web region 35 are provided for axially arranged connecting screws for connecting to the drum.
Thus the connection to the drum is made possible at approximately the same radial distance as the connection of the ring segments 1 to each other.
As shown in Figure 4, the ring segments 1 have a shoulder 40 running in the peripheral direction, so that once the ring segments 1 have been assembled on the periphery of the large gear wheel thus formed a shoulder running in the peripheral direction is formed, on which a measuring means, for example a measuring sensor, can be arranged which upon turning of the gear wheel is only deflected by manufacturing-related deviations from the circular form or by deviations which are produced by faulty aligning of the ring segments 1. To this end, faces which adjoin the shoulder, are ground or otherwise finish-machined, are provided.
In particular, a finish-machined annular face which adjoins the shoulder is therefore provided, on which the measuring sensor makes the deviations in the radial direction ascertainable, and a further finish-machined annular face adjoining the shoulder is provided, on which the measuring sensor — makes the deviations in the axial direction ascertainable.
Thus once the fastening bolts connecting the ring segments 1 have been loosened aligning, for example by displacement caused by means of knocking, is made possible.
After the aligning, the fastening bolts are tightened again.
The banderte- alignment of the ring segments relative to each other is however achieved by the locating bolts arranged in the bores 20. Although ADI is a very hard material compared with steel, it also possesses elasticity.
Since not only the toothing region but the entire ring segments are manufactured from ADI, by means of the fastening bolts arranged in the bores
21 a slight elastic deformation of the holding region of the ring segment can be achieved and hence the distance between the mid-points of the ring segments is changeable.
Thus compensation or at least a reduction of faulty tolerances is achieved by further tightening the fastening bolts.
Thus even deviations of several um up to 10 um can be compensated.
The manufacture of the toothing 32 of the ring segments is carried out as precisely as possible relative to the end face of the ring segments.
In this manner, by aligning and connecting the ring segments a gear wheel can be produced, the toothing of which has as small as possible deviations from an ideal toothing in the region of connection of the ring segments.
Figure 5 shows an exemplified possible way of fastening the ring segments 1 to the drum.
In this case, two ring segments 52 aligned parallel to each other are welded on the outer periphery of the drum 53, on which segments in turn two further ring segments 50 aligned parallel to each other are provided welded on.
By means of fastening bolts 51 guided through drill holes provided in the ring segment 50, the ring segment 50 is screwed on, with a nut being provided on the axial end region of the screw which is located opposite the screw head of the fastening bolts.
In this case, the ring segments 50 are more closely spaced apart from each other than the ring segments 52, and provided at a greater radial distance than the ring segments 52. In this manner, the deflection ability of the ring segments 50 in the axial direction of the ring segments when fastening the ring segment 1 is improved.
Figure 6 shows an alternative example of embodiment.
In this case, again on the outer periphery of the drum 53 a pair of ring segments 60 aligned parallel to each other is provided connected by welding to the drum 53. The ring segment 1 is connected by screwing by means of fastening bolts 61.
Two ring segments 1 adjacent to each other in the peripheral direction are connected to the bores (20, 21) at the end face visible in Figure 6. To this end,
the bores 20 are provided for locating bolts, and the bores 21 for fastening bolts. In this case, the locating bolts completely fill the bores 20, so that the relative alignment of the ring segments 1 relative to each other is carried out by aligning the bores 20 with each other with locating bolts introduced into them. The four fastening bolts do not completely fill the bores 21, as a result of which therefore play exists in these bores. The use of ADI permits a strong tightening force by the fastening bolts. The loss of pre-tensioning force due to settling of the screws is reduced and thus a secure stable connection can be achieved. In particular, however, the distance of the centres of gravity of the ring segments 1 from each other can also be influenced, in particular up to several um or even several tens of ums. The objective of the embodiment according to Figure 7 is to provide a novel segmented large gear wheel which is easy to produce and the guality of which can be controlled to a greater extent. The new segmented large gear wheel consists of 7 to 25 segments, with the adjacent segments being connected together by screws. In Figure 7, to this end an example with 16 segments is shown, with each segment having 14 teeth. Figure 8 illustrates the region of connection of two segments in greater detail. In this case, the segments at their two end regions which are arranged in the peripheral direction have in each case radially oriented end faces which have drill holes for receiving the screws of the screw connection, in particular with the drill holes being oriented tangentially. In this case, in each case one locating bolt for aligning is provided in the drill holes 20 provided at a greater radial distance, and one fastening bolt in each case in the drill holes 21 located farther to the inside. The screws are therefore tangentially aligned. The invention has the following advantages:
1. Simple casting operation: since each individual segment is very small, the guality of the cast parts can be controlled better. Cooling cracks can be avoided.