FI130600B - Liquid hardenable mixture, method of manufacturing the mixture and use of the mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of the invention is a liquid-curable mixture, a method for preparing the mixture, and the use of the mixture as a covering material, in mine filling, as other filler and binder, and as a substance similar to shotcrete. The mixture comprises a fine-grained binder (2b) and an activator (3), which is arranged to activate the binder when the binder is mixed with the liquid. The binder (2b) is slag with a grain size of ≤40 μm and the activator (3) is soda ash or a mixture of soda ash and cement.

Description

LIQUID HARDENING MIXTURE, METHOD OF PREPARING THE MIXTURE

USE OF TAMISEX AND MIXTURE

The object of the invention is a liquid-curable mixture defined in the preamble of claim 1, a covering material defined in the preamble of patent claim 6, a shotcrete material defined in the preamble of patent claim 11, a binder material defined in the preamble of claim 12 and the preamble of claim 13. method for preparing a liquid-curable mixture defined in part

The mixture according to the invention, either as such or suitably modified, is suitable for many different uses.

When the mixture is used as a binder for the production of a hardenable covering material, it is very well suited for the waterproof covering of various substances classified as waste, such as materials that come as side streams of industrial processes, in the outdoor environment. Such waste materials include, for example, environmentally harmful side stones from the mining industry stored in piles on the surface of the earth outside, as well as slag from the steel manufacturing process, blast furnace slag from iron production, and piles of waste gypsum created as a by-product of phosphoric acid, which are exposed to rain when uncovered outside.

N 25 Although these recycled waste materials have started to be used for benefit in various processes, the utilization is small compared to the total amount of produced 3 side streams, so the need for outdoor storage remains high.

Ao a & 30 One of the problems with outdoor storage is that without the protection of the material stored in piles, rainwater dissolves the

Over time, various chemical substances enter nature from N material, at least some of which substances are harmful to the ecosystem and spoil nature. For this reason, these harmful substances are not permitted according to current environmental regulations.

With solutions according to known technology, attempts have been made to eliminate the problem caused by rainwater, for example by covering such piles of waste material with plastic. However, plastic in itself is an environmentally disadvantageous material, and in addition, waterproof covering of large piles of waste as a work phase is very difficult for the reason that handling very large plastic covers in outdoor conditions is very difficult due to size and wind. In addition, covering hectare-sized areas with plastic is expensive.

Because the use of plastic is difficult and expensive, in some cases other covering materials have started to be used instead of plastic, such as acrylic concrete, where, for example, in addition to cement, acrylic is used as one part of the binder, which makes the concrete waterproof. Acrylic concrete is easier to spread on piles of waste material in outdoor conditions than plastic, but it is also expensive and, moreover, acrylic is not environmentally friendly either.

The waste material piles could be covered in a rainwater-tight manner

S 25 also with pure cement and gravel-based concrete, but

O this solution is not environmentally friendly either because of the use of cement 3 and also because the production and use of the > gravel needed for concrete also consumes nature. In order for the concrete to

To make them waterproof enough, a lot of & 30 cement has to be used for that, in which case shrinkage becomes a new problem as the concrete dries. Shrinkage causes cracking

N mia, when rainwater gets into the waste material below the cracks in the otherwise water-resistant concrete to soak harmful substances from it into the soil. In addition, the use of such concrete is expensive.

Cement is also used as a binder in the production of various filling materials, for example for earthworks and mine filling. The problem here too is, among other things, the impact of cement production on the environment. The mixture according to the invention can be used as a substitute for cement also in the binder of such filling material.

The purpose of this invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages and to provide an inexpensive, environmentally friendly, usable and water-proof mixture that is suitable, for example, for use as a binder for various filling purposes and for roofing materials used in outdoor spaces.

Preferably, the purpose is to create a mixture that, when used as a binder instead of cement, forms a waterproof mass that hardens and strengthens like concrete when mixed with a liquid and a coarser frame material, which can be used, for example, as a covering material suitable for covering piles of material, such as for example industrial side stone piles, and others for suitable uses, for example as a filler for roadbeds.

N 25 Advantageously, the mass described above has, among other things, the following properties: when the material has hardened, it is strong enough so that even heavy vehicles can move on it > as on normal soil; hardened material

E holds water; the material is frost-resistant and does not crumble even in frosts of up to 30 degrees Celsius; the material has a sufficiently long curing = stretching time, which enables the material mass to be spread

N to a large area before the mass hardens and sticks to the tools; the price of the material is possible

very affordable; preferably, the material is largely made of recycled materials, such as materials classified as waste; the material is environmentally friendly.

Yet another purpose is that, for example, the liquid-cured mixture as a binder of the roofing material mass comprises the own material of the material pile to be covered with the roofing material, suitably processed, for example ground and classified by grain size.

The mixture according to the invention is characterized by what is presented in the characterizing part of claim 1. The covering material according to the invention is characterized by what is presented in the characterizing part of claim 6, and the concreting material according to the invention is characterized by what is presented in the characterizing part of claim 11.

In addition, the method according to the invention is characterized by what is presented in the feature part of claim 12. Other application forms of the invention are characterized by what is presented in other patent claims.

The solution according to the invention concerns a liquid-hardened mixture, which comprises a fine-grained binder and an

N 25 tivators arranged to excite the binder when the binder is mixed with the liquid. Preferably, the binder is 3 grain size <40 um slag and the activator is soda ash or > a mixture of soda ash and cement.

Ao a & 30 The solution according to the invention also applies to the covering material, = with coarse-grained body material, filler and above

N of said liquid-curable mixture, which comprises a fine-grained binder and an activator, which is

made to wake up the binder when the binder is mixed with the liquid.

The solution according to the invention also applies to a shotcrete material with a filler and the above-mentioned liquid-curable mixture, which comprises a fine-grained binder and an activator arranged to activate the binder when the binder is mixed with the liquid.

The solution according to the invention also applies to a method for preparing a liquid-curable mixture, which mixture comprises a fine-grained binder and an activator arranged to activate the binder when the binder is mixed with the liquid. Advantageously, the binder is slag from an industrial process side stream, which is ground or crushed and classified into a grain size of <40 um, and soda ash from the industrial process side stream is mixed into the binder thus formed as an activator.

One of the great advantages of the solution according to the invention is that. that the covering material with binders can be made mainly from raw materials on site, i.e. from waste material.

Cement may not be needed at all. For example, when there is a pile of slag to cover, part of the same slag can be crushed

N 25 as a wreath-like core material for the roofing material and the same 5 slag can also be classified and ground to a smaller grain size 3 as a binding material for the roofing material, in which case only the soda ash that acts as an activator, i.e. green liquor a has to be imported from elsewhere. In this way, the roofing material is able to keep rainwater & 30 and meet all the required handling and = strength conditions, and is also very nature-friendly

N in addition.

The invention is explained in more detail in the following by means of one application example by referring to the attached simplified and diagrammatic drawings, in which figure 1 shows the manufacturing process of a liquid-cured waterproof mass as a simplified diagram, one of the components of which is a mixture that functions as a binder and belongs to the inventive idea, figure 2 shows cut from the side, diagrammatically and simplified, one of the sorting lines for the production of the mixture related to the invention, which functions as a binder, in a protected space placed at the production site, such as a container, Figure 3 shows, viewed obliquely from above, one of the equipment units used in the production of the fine material belonging to the solution according to the invention, which consists of of separate pre-furnished modules connected to each other, Fig. 4 shows, viewed from one side, simplified and with the Nearest walls removed, one hardware unit according to Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 shows, viewed from the other side, simplified, with the Nearest walls removed, one figure

Hardware set according to S 25 3.

O

3 The solution according to the invention includes a mass that can be hardened with the help of a liquid and a suitable activator, similar in strength to cement-containing concrete, and different composition and use versions of the mass, as well as the manufacture and use of different versions of the mass for different purposes. Curable mass

N comprises a finely divided cement-like binder, which is also simply called fine material below.

When an activator, a liquid and a crushed stony-like material are added to the mixture, such as gravel or preferably crushed by-stone from industrial processes or slag as a side stream, a concrete-like, hard-hardening mass is obtained, which, after hardening, is impermeable to water and is therefore well suited as a waterproofing material for roofing materials, for example. si for covering piles of side rock in the mining industry or for covering other similar spread piles of waste material. By changing the composition and mixing ratios of the starting materials of the mass, various other masses can be obtained for other purposes, such as, for example, mine filling and earth filling, road bases, shotcrete, and so on.

Ideally, the source material used as a binder for the above-mentioned curable mass, such as slag, is crushed by crushing and/or grinding and sorted, i.e. classified when dry in order to achieve the desired essential precise grain size distribution. If necessary, the already sorted material or part of it is ground smaller and delivered again for granule sorting. The grain size and composition of the binder product to be manufactured is preferably adjusted with the help of the control system that is part of the solution by monitoring and adjusting its various functions in the classification equipment. The adjustment can be made on site or remotely. The binder product obtained in this way is called

In this context, S 25 is also used as fine material.

O

3 For the sake of simplicity, in this context, the term "slag" > refers to all slags generated as a side stream of industry, such as, for example, slags from iron and various steel manufacturing & 30 processes and slags from other metal manufacturing processes = and also, for example, in connection with the operation of heating plants

This is where the slags are created.

Figure 1 shows the production of a waterproof covering material performed using the solution according to the invention as a simplified diagram. Advantageously, in the manufacturing phase, waste materials generated as side streams in industrial processes are used as starting materials almost exclusively. The first starting material 1 can be, for example, side stone from the mining industry, which can be a material suitable for building products or, depending on its composition, also material considered as waste. Preferentially, starting material 1 is crushed or is already crushed into bulk material 1a, the maximum grain size of which is 24 mm + 5 mm. The base material la can also be crushed slag with a maximum grain size of the same size. Preferably, starting material 1 is classified as waste, but it can also be other material, such as ordinary aggregate. When crushed, starting material 1 is the core material la of the mass to be hardened, as mentioned above.

The second starting material 2 can be, for example, steel slag generated as a side stream in the steel industry, or other slag generated as a side stream. Preferably, the second starting material 2 is crushed and/or ground, or has already been processed into a mixable mass filler 2a, the maximum grain size of which is 514 mm, preferably 2 mm + 1 mm.

N 25 Correspondingly, the third starting material 3 can be, for example, 5 activator, soda ash formed as a side stream 3 of industrial processes, i.e. green liquor. The third starting > substance 3 is used for mixing the mass as is or a if necessary dried and crushed and/or ground & 30 and/or classified by maximum grain size into the desired activator fraction 3a with a maximum grain size of 54 mm, preferably

N 2 mm +1 mm. The activator can also be pure cement or soda ash and cement, but pure soda ash treated as described above is the most environmentally friendly option and also increases the early strength of the mass to be hardened, which is a very important property. If the proportion of cement in the mass to be hardened is increased, the proportion of soda ash can be increased at the same time.

The fourth starting material can be one or more additives 4. Additives mixed into the mixture have different effects on the properties of the mixture to be formed, preferably the mass to be hardened. One additive can be a pore-forming agent, such as lignin, which creates gas in the pulp to be hardened, such as protective pores containing air, which protect the pulp, for example, from frost during the hardening phase of the pulp and thus make the pulp frost-resistant. Another additive can be, for example, a substance that improves the water resistance of the mass, such as wax, which can be added to the mixture to improve the water resistance of the mass to be hardened. In this case, the water-resistance-improving additive can be stearin or, instead of stearin, also a stearate, for example a metallic stearate, such as calcium stearate.

The rigidly formed curable mass according to the invention is both water-tight and gas-tight. In this case, neither oxygen nor water can affect the sulphurous side stone, for example

N 25 can dissolve harmful substances from side stones into the environment. 3 > Preferably formed from the second starting material 2, max.

E with a particle size of 2+1 mm can be made from filler 2a & 30 more from fine material 2b, which acts as a binder for the mass to be hardened. Fine material 2b, which acts as a binder, is classified

N and is ground and reclassified dry so that the end result is a dry, powdery binder composition, which

the round grain size is preferably between 20-30 jm +10 jm. A binder produced in this way with a suitable activator can replace the use of cement as a binder completely or at least partially, in which case the use of environmentally unfriendly cement can be reduced or completely avoided.

The method schematically presented in Figure 1 for preparing a mixture, i.e. mass, that can be hardened using the liquid according to the invention as a covering material, pit filling and other filling can be simplified as, for example, the following.

The mixture prepared by the method comprises a fine-grained binder 2b and an activator 3, which is arranged to activate the binder when the binder is mixed with a liquid.

As binder 2b, slag, which is a side stream of the industrial process, is taken, which is ground or crushed and classified into a grain size of <40 µm, and the thus formed binder 2b is mixed with soda ash, which is a side stream of the industrial process, as activator 3.

In terms of stages, the manufacturing process can be, for example, the following:

In step sl, starting materials for the mass to be hardened are selected

N 25 working substances 1, 2 and 3 and, if necessary, one or more starting substances acting as additive 5 4. 3 > In step s2, la is taken as the base material for pulp production

E batch of selected raw material 1, which is crushed to a maximum grain size of & 30 24+5 mm, or which is crushed to a maximum grain size of 24+5 = mm. In addition, in step s2, the filling of pulp preparation is taken

N for substance 2a is a batch of starting material 2, which is ground and/or crushed to a maximum grain size of 2+1 mm, or which is ground and/or crushed to a maximum grain size of 2+1 mm.

In step s3, fine-grained, micron-class material used as a binder is prepared from part of the ground or crushed filler 2a by separating the particles smaller than 20-30 um +10 um in grain size from the filler 2a and forming fine material 2b from them. The separation is advantageously done in a separate classification equipment with the help of an air stream, one or more classifiers and a grinding device.

In step s2 or s3, the starting material 3 can also be dried and then ground or crushed into an essentially uniform activator fraction 3a whose grain size is preferably less than 2 mm + 1 mm.

In step s4, the substances 1a, 2a and 2b mentioned in steps s2 and s3 are mixed together in the desired ratio. The mixture made in the solution according to the example is now crushed side stone and/or slag and crushed and ground coarser slag and classified finer slag acting as a binder. This mixture still does not harden by itself, even if water is added to it. For this reason, starting material 3, which acts as an activator, is also added to the mixture in step sd

In addition to N 25, the required amount of liquid, such as water, so that 5 results in a concrete-like wet mass. The task of the activator 3 is to wake up the fine material 2b made of slag, > so that the hardening of the mass starts. According to the example

In this solution, starting material 3 is preferably soda ash. : 30

N Additives 4 can be added to the mass to be mixed either

N in stages s2 and s3 or in stage s4 mixed with either a dry or wet mixture or the liquid to be used.

Generally, the curable mass produced by the above-mentioned method contains the mentioned substances in percentages by weight as follows:

Basic material Sat 40+20 3

Filler 2a 504130 3

Fine material 2b 30425 3

Starting material 3 25+20%

Additives - pore filler 313 3 - water resistance improving agent 2+2%

One advantageous composition within the above-mentioned limit values is, for example, the following:

Body material la, (grain size <29 mm) 5045%

Filler 2a, (granule size <3 mm) 2545%

Fine material 2b, (grain size <40 um) 2015%

Starting material 3 1045%

Additives - pore filler 313 3 - water resistance improving agent 2+2%

N 25 Naturally, the mutual composition of the different substances is such that the total composition of the mass to be hardened is 100%. 3 Staying within the above-mentioned limit values, but > varying the proportions of different ingredients in the total mass,

E prepared mixtures have different properties depending on the desired purpose of use. When increasing the proportion of an = alloying agent, the percentage of other alloying

N of the cone mass automatically decreases. Correspondingly, reduce

when the proportion of one alloying substance is reduced, the percentage of other alloying substances in the total mass automatically increases.

One example of a mixture composition for the production of a mass intended as a cover material for side stone piles can be, for example, the following:

Body material la, (slag or slag) 50%

Filler 2a, (slag) 20%

Fines 2b, (slag) 20%

Starting material 3, (soda precipitate) 10%

Additives (if necessary) - pore-forming agent, (for example lignin) - water-resistance improving agent (stearin, etc.)

Advantageously, an additive that improves water resistance is added only when necessary. The percentages of additives can be small, for example less than 5% in total.

When producing roofing material, the mass is mixed into a soil-moist mixture during the production phase and spread with a work machine, for example a bucket loader, and preferably leveled with another work machine, for example a roller machine, on top of the pile of waste material that has been laid out in the right shape, so that initially

The N 25 mass is shelved by the crawler when driving over it. In this case, the mass 5 compacts well and, when hardened, can withstand working machines. 3 > Textile fibers can also be added to the covering material mass to be produced in the manufacturing stage s4, which gives the mass & 30 more toughness. In this case, with different production times = manufactured covering material masses that are applied

N on top of each other for a uniform cover, can have different compositions. Preferably, a tight and water-retaining layer is applied as the lowest layer of the covering material, and a tougher layer equipped with textile fibers is applied on top of it as the upper layer. The textile fibers in the covering material can then also act as a growth medium to speed up the landscaping of the laid storage area.

The method according to the invention can also be used to produce a hardening mass used for shotcrete. In this case, all other steps and materials can be the same or almost the same as in the process of manufacturing the cover material described above, but the coarse-grained frame material is left out. In the same way, pore filler and absolute waterproofing are not necessarily needed, so depending on the situation, those additives can be left out of the mixture. In this case, only starting material 2 is preferably used, such as slag from industrial processes, from which filler 2a and fine material 2b are made in the aforementioned ways, and in addition starting material 3 is used as an activator, which is preferably soda ash, but can also be cement or a mixture of cement and soda ash.

In the production of the above-mentioned fine material 2b, whose grain size is <40 um, it is advantageous to use the classification equipment presented in the international patent publication no. WO2016071575A1 and the so-called Mobi processing method, either as is or suitably modified.

S 25

O The fine material 3 2b produced by the method according to the invention and its raw material, i.e. filler 2a, such as ground > and/or crushed slag can also be used in various

Not in the production of binders for other products. In this case & 30 all other steps and materials can be the same or = almost the same as in the process of manufacturing the covering material described above, but the coarse-grained frame material is omitted. In the same way, pore filler and absolute waterproofing are not necessarily needed, so depending on the situation, those additives can be left out of the mixture. In this case, only starting material 2 is preferably used, such as slag from industrial processes, from which filler 2a and fine material 2b are made in the aforementioned ways, and in addition starting material 3 is used as an activator, which is preferably soda ash, but can also be cement or a mixture of cement and soda ash.

The binder mixture formed in this way is formed with the help of a liquid into a hardenable mass, which can be mixed with light gravel or a similar porous material to make blocks, or earth-based tiles, frost insulation or light leveling layers for various structures.

One advantageous composition for producing the above-mentioned liquid-curable binder can be, for example, the following:

Filler 2a, (granule size <8 mm) 40420%

Fine material 2b, (grain size <40 um) 30+20%

Starting material 3 25120 3 or

Activator section 3a 25420 3

Additives (if necessary), e.g. cement

N 25 Another advantageous composition for the production of the above-mentioned liquid-curable binder can be, for example, 3 the following:

I a From fine material 2b, (grain size <40 um) 70+20% & 30 Starting material 3 30+20% 5 or

N Activator fraction 3a 25+20%

Additives (if necessary), e.g. cement

In the production of fine material 2b, the filler material 2a made from starting material 2 is delivered to the sorting process, where the material is classified and sorted dry to the desired micron class grain size and, if necessary, ground and sorted again until reaching a maximum grain size of <40 µm, preferably a maximum grain size of 20-30 um +10 um.

The equipment room 6 can be a modular structure, which can consist of, for example, one module, such as a sea container, inside which the equipment is built, or several sea containers adapted to each other, each of which has a specific part of the equipment set suitable for the purpose. There can be, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4 or even more modules, and each of them can comprise different structures, which are combined into one hardware unit, for example at the production site, by connecting the modules in parallel and/or on top of each other. The modules have connecting parts and through-connections, which enable, among other things, the transfer of the material to be processed from one module to another.

Figure 2 shows schematically in more detail one equipment room 6 intended for the production of fine material 2b, for example a large standard container, inside which the sorting equipment for fine material 2b, i.e. the processing equipment, is already

N 25 installed at the factory of the manufacturer of the equipment and where the operating values of the sorting equipment have also been adjusted 3 ready and tested so that the equipment works as desired and produces a sorting product with the desired grain size

For mixing Elu fine material 2b as a binder = coating material, filler, spray & 30 concreting agent or other material to be manufactured.

O

OF

The equipment space 6 has, among other things, an inlet 7 of the starting material 2, preferably for example slag, ground and/or crushed filler 2a, a dosing vessel 8, a first classifier 9, a grinding device 10, a second classifier 11, a first conveyor arrangement 12 of the material and a second conveyor jestely 13, filter vessels 14, 14a and classification fans 15, 15a, which provide suction for at least part of the filler 2a transfer path, with which the material to be sorted is transported in the ductwork of the equipment.

In the lower part of the dosing container 8, there is an injector 8a connected to the suction channel 16, which is arranged to transfer the filler 2a along the suction channel 16 to the first classifier 9 via the classifier inlet 17, which entrance 17 is in the lower part of the classifier 9, whereby the incoming material stream travels upwards in the classifier 9. A muffler can also be connected to the injector 8a to dampen sounds caused by suction.

The first classifier 9 is, for example, a device operating with the help of suction air, where the processed filler 2a is divided according to its grain size into two different fractions, of which the smaller grain size, i.e. the first fraction 1F, is led, for example, along the suction channel 18 to the first filter container inside the container.

S 25 to 14. oO 3 Correspondingly, the second fraction 2F, which is larger in grain size, is derived from the lower part of the first classifier 9 in the first

E with a conveyor arrangement 12 to be reduced by a grinding device 10, such as for example a ball mill, from which the ground material flow is led to another classifier 11 conveyor arrangement

N with the help of the nozzle 13 and the suction channel 13a, for example into the inlet 11lb in the lower part of the classifier 11 and to flow upwards in the classifier 11. If necessary, additional air is used to aid the operation of the second classifier 11 by feeding it from the side of the classifier 11.

With the second classifier 11, the material is again divided into two fractions of different grain sizes, of which the smaller one, i.e. the third fraction 3F, is further led by a suitable conveyor arrangement along the channel 19 to the second filter container 14a. Correspondingly, the larger grain size fraction 4F, i.e. the fourth fraction, is led from the lower part of the second classifier 11 with a suitable conveyor arrangement, for example with the first conveyor arrangement 12, as in the solution according to Figure 2, to be reduced again to the grinding device 10, from which the ground material stream is again led to the second classifier 11 above as shown.

The material circulation described in this way between the second classifier 11 and the grinding device 10 is automatically continued until all the material being processed has been directed as the third fraction 3F from the top of the second classifier 11 along the channel 19 to the second filter vessel 14a.

Fractions 1F and 3F, processed in the above manner and led to the filter vessels 14, 14a, have a maximum grain size of

S 25 additionally <40 um, preferably grain size 20-30 um +10 um.

O

3 In the equipment space 6, after the first filter vessel 14 > the first outlet 20 and after the second filter vessel 14a

E second outlet 20a, through which fine material 2b processed to <40 um grain size & 30 is removed from equipment space 6.

N With the classification fans 15 and 15a connected to the filter bowls 14 and 14a, suction is provided to the transport path of the filler 2a to be sorted, with which the filler 2a to be sorted and the fine material 2b formed from it are mainly transported in the equipment. The suction effect of the first classification fan 15 covers at least the dosing container 8 and the first classifier 9 and the suction channel 16 between them and the suction channel 18 between the first classifier 9 and the first filter container 14.

Correspondingly, the suction effect of the second classification fan 15a covers at least the suction duct 13a between the grinding device 10 and the inlet 11b of the second classifier 11, the suction duct 19 between the second classifier 11 and the second classifier 11 and the second filter vessel 14a.

The blowing air of the classification fans 15, 15a, which act as pressure control elements, is led out of the equipment space 6 through the air outlets 21 and 21a. The classification fans 15, 15a are used to adjust the flow of the material to be classified in the equipment as desired by means of the pressure difference. In this case, the pressure can be over or under pressure.

In addition to the above-mentioned parts, devices and functions, the equipment space 6 also has, if necessary, at least one suction/compressed air connection 22 and at least one power supply

N 25 pins 23, through which the hardware room 6 and the devices in it 5 can be easily connected to the local compressed air 3 and/or to the suction air and to the electrical network. In addition, the hardware mode > 6 has a control system 6a, which also includes a remote control system

E jesting. The remote control arrangement of the control system 6a is adapted to enable remotely controlled and remotely monitored = functions of the equipment, with the help of which the devices of the equipment space 6 and

O

N mines have been made to operate continuously and unmanned.

In addition, the control system 6a and the hardware space 6 have adjustment means for adjusting the function values of the hardware, so that it is possible to remotely adjust what kind of product with grain size is being made at any given time. In this case, for example, one or more of the following are adjusted remotely: air volume, material transfer speed, grinding power of the grinding device 10, throughput speed of the grinding device 10, amount of material going to the grinding device 10. The control system is also adapted to be used locally, in which case monitoring and all necessary adjustments can also be made in hardware space 6 or in its vicinity.

Figures 3-5 show a solution according to the invention, in which the modular hardware space 6 is assembled, for example, from hardware assemblies built in standard containers. In this case, the hardware space 6 according to the example consists of four modules C1-C4, preferably standard containers, inside which the necessary hardware assemblies are already built at the manufacturer's factory.

N 25 The first module Cl can have, for example, the inlet 7 of the filler 5 2a and the suction channel 16, which is arranged to convey the material to be sorted to a suitable passage connection for the first classifier 9 located in the second module C2

Through E. The equipment room 6 also includes several other factory-made through-connections & 30 for connecting devices in different modules to each other.

O

OF

Correspondingly, the second module C2, which is preferably placed on top of the first module Cl, has a first classifier 9, with the help of which the filler 2a to be taken from the dosing container 8 is divided into a first fraction 1F and a second fraction 2F. In addition, the second module has a suction channel 18 and devices that create the suction or blowing pressure needed for the arrangement, such as a classification fan 15 or similar devices and a filter vessel 14, through which the first fraction 1F is led to the upstream end of the discharge line, i.e. outlet 20, in the first module Cl. In Figure 4, the end of the outlet 20 is inside the module Cl and in Figure 3 outside the module C1.

The third module C3 is placed next to the first module Cl, and in the third module C3 is placed, for example, the input 2F of the coarser fraction separated in the first classifier 9, i.e. the second fraction, Grinding device 10, such as a ball mill, conveyor arrangement 13, 13a for transferring the ground material to the second classifier 11 via a through-connection and the beginning of the discharge line of the ground and sorted third fraction 3F, i.e. the outlet 20a, whose connecting connector can be inside the module C3, as in Figure 5 or outside, as in Figure 3.

Similarly, in the fourth module C4, which is advantageous

N 25, placed on top of the third module C3, is another classifier 5 11, with the help of which the material is again divided into two large fractions with different grain size 3, of which the smaller grain size, i.e. the third fraction 3F, is further led by a conveyor arrangement based on suction or blowing a along the suction channel 19 to the swamp & 30 to the data container 14b, through which the third fraction 3F is led = via the pass-through below in the third module

N to the upstream end of discharge line 20a in C3. In addition, in the fourth module C4 there are devices that create the necessary suction or blowing pressure in the arrangement, such as the second classification fan 15a or similar devices.

The processing and sorting equipment according to Figures 2-5, i.e. equipment space 6, is preferably assembled at the processing and sorting location, i.e. at the production site of the desired final product, for example from separate modules C1-C4, which are furnished ready for production in the factory that manufactured the equipment space 6, and which modules C1 -C4 comprise different hardware assemblies that are arranged to be connected at the production site of the final product by placing the compatible modules C1l-C4 either next to each other and/or on top of each other and connecting the hardware assemblies through the through-connections in the roof, floor and walls of the modules.

The material processed in the equipment room 6 as described above is a material changed from filler 2a to fine material 2b, which can be used in the production of various masses as a binder, either as such or, for example, mixed together with cement.

This field of technology is very complex and full of laws of physics and chemistry. Because of this, the applicant has had to face several

N for 25 years to do numerous laboratory experiments and other 5 experiments. Many tests and exams have also been long-term tests, where the results have been obtained after a long waiting period. Since one test can take several days, even weeks

Whether it's months or months, all the tests have required a huge amount of time. Only after all these numerous tests and experiments = has the applicant been able to use the acquired knowledge and experience

N to develop a solution for the pending application and all other nearby solutions.

Afterwards, it is very easy to say, for example, that it is clear to a professional in the field to develop a similar solution just by varying the starting materials of the mixture and their percentages, and just by varying the grain sizes of the different starting materials in the mass to be mixed. This could work, but only if the ingredients, chosen by chance in exactly the right way, with exactly the right granularity and composition and exact percentages in the mixture, fit together.

It is clear to a person skilled in the art that the different application forms of the invention are not limited to the examples presented above, but may vary within the framework of the patent claims presented below. It is essential that in the production of the liquid-cured masses, cement and gravel crushed from natural stone are used as raw materials as much as possible, more environmentally friendly materials, such as slag and soda ash, which are usually classified as waste materials.

It is also clear to a person skilled in the field that the sorted fine material according to the invention can also be made by methods other than those presented above.

OF

O

OF

O

+

I Jam a 0

O

O

O

OF

O

OF

Claims (17)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A liquid-curable mixture containing a fine-grained binder (2b) and an activator (3) arranged to activate the binder after the binder has been mixed into the liquid, which binder (2b) consists of slag whose grain size is <40 jm, and the activator (3) consists of soda ash or a mixture of soda ash and cement, characterized in that the mixture contains a filler (2a) that consists of crushed and/or ground slag with a maximum grain size of 5+4 mm, preferably 2+1 mm. 2. Mixture according to patent claim 1, characterized in that the maximum grain size of the binder (2b) is 20 - 40 µm. 3. Mixture according to patent claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mixture contains an aggregate (la) which is crushed to a maximum grain size of 2445 mm. 4. Mixture according to patent claim 3, characterized in that the crushed aggregate (la) in the mixture is one or more of the following: natural stone, side stone from mining, slag from an industrial process. & 25 5. A tacking material containing a coarse-grained aggregate (1a), a filler (2a) and a liquid-curable mixture containing a fine-grained binder (2b) and an activator (3) which is arranged to activate E the binder after the binder has been mixed in the liquid, which binder (2b) consists of slag whose grain size is = <40 µm, and the activator (3) consists of soda ash or of N a mixture of soda ash and cement, characterized by that the filler (2a) consists of crushed and/or ground slag with a maximum grain size of 5+4 mm, preferably 2+1 mm. 6. Covering material according to patent claim 5, characterized in that the aggregate (la) in the covering material consists of material that is crushed to a maximum grain size of 24415 mm and which is one or more of the following: natural stone, side stone from mining, slag from an industrial process. 7. Covering material according to patent claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the covering material contains an air pore-forming additive as an additive to improve the cold resistance of the covering material. 8. Covering material according to patent claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the covering material contains wax as an additive to improve the covering material's water-resistant hot. 9. Covering material according to one of the patent claims 5 - 8, characterized in that the covering material in the prepared mixture can contain 404120 weight-% aggregate (la), 50430 weight-% filler (2a), 30+25 weight-% fine material (2b) and 25420 weight-3 starting material which acts as an activator & 25 and any additives dosed so that the total percentage in each individual case is 100. < = 10. A shotcrete material that contains a filler a (2a) and a mixture that is hardenable with liquid and containing a fine-grained binder (2b) and an activator = (3) which is arranged to activate the binder after the N binder has been mixed into the liquid, which binder (2b) consists of slag whose grain size is <40 µm, and the activator (3) consists of soda ash or a mixture of soda ash and cement, characterized in that the filler (2a) consists of crushed and/or ground slag with a maximum grain size of 5+4 mm, preferably 2+1 mm. 11. An adhesive material intended for blocks, slabs on the ground, frost insulation or light adjustment layers in various types of constructions and containing a fine-grained adhesive (2b) and an activator (3) arranged to activate the adhesive after the adhesive has been mixed together with liquid, characterized in that the fine-grained binder (2b) consists of slag whose grain size is 20 — 40 um, and the activator (3) consists of soda ash or a mixture of soda ash and cement. 12. A process for producing a liquid-curable mixture, which mixture contains a fine-grained binder (2b) and an activator (3) which is arranged to activate the binder after the binder has been mixed into the liquid, characterized of using slag from a side flow in an industrial process as binder (2b) which is ground or crushed and sorted to a grain size of 20 - 40 um, and in the binder (2b) thus produced, soda ash precipitation from a side flow in an industrial S 25 process to act as an activator. x K 13. Method according to patent claim 12, characterized in that = the binder material when sorting the binder (2b) E is initially divided in a first sorter (9) into two fractions (1F and 2F) of which the fraction (1F) with a smaller = grain size is led to a first filter vessel (14) and the fraction (2F) with a larger grain size is led to grinding, after which the ground material is led to a second sorter (11) where the material is divided into two fractions (3F and 4F) of which the fraction (3F) with a smaller grain size is led to a second filter vessel (14a) and the fraction (4F) with a larger grain size is led to the grinding, which circulation continues until all material to be treated is in the filter vessels (14 and 14a). 14. Use of a mixture according to claim 1 as a binder in a covering material according to claim 5. 15. Use of a mixture according to claim 1 as a binder in a shotcrete material according to claim 10. 16. Use of a mixture according to patent claim 1 as a binder in blocks, slabs on the ground, frost insulation or light adjustment layers in various types of constructions as stated in patent claim 11. 17. Use of a mixture according to patent claim 1 as an ingredient in a liquid-curable mass. O N O N < ? N I a a 0 O o O N O N