FI129800B - Beekeeping structure, beeswax foundation and method - Google Patents
Beekeeping structure, beeswax foundation and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI129800B FI129800B FI20195262A FI20195262A FI129800B FI 129800 B FI129800 B FI 129800B FI 20195262 A FI20195262 A FI 20195262A FI 20195262 A FI20195262 A FI 20195262A FI 129800 B FI129800 B FI 129800B
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- Prior art keywords
- foundation
- edge
- beeswax
- frame
- flange
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 268
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 268
- 238000009341 apiculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011173 biocomposite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K47/00—Beehives
- A01K47/02—Construction or arrangement of frames for honeycombs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K47/00—Beehives
- A01K47/04—Artificial honeycombs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a beekeeping structure for a beehive. The beekeeping structure comprises a beeswax foundation (10) having circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) and a Foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) provided in connection with the circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) of the beeswax Foundation (10). The beeswax foundation (10) is made of metal sheet material and the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) is made of moldable material. The foundation frame is provided to at least one of the circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) of the beeswax foundation (10) and fixed to the beeswax Foundation (10).
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a beekeeping structure for a beehive and more particularly to a beekeeping structure according to claim 1. The present invention further relates to beeswax foundation and more particularly to a beeswax foundation according to claim 13, and to a method for forming a beekeeping structure and more particularly to a method according to claim 15.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Beekeeping is typically carried out in beehives comprising a stack of — boxes with internal hanging foundation frames. The stacked boxes usually have between eight and ten foundation frames in each box, and the boxes are stacked one on top of another. The foundation frames are usually provided with a beeswax foundation having a base plate onto which bees draw out a beeswax honeycomb, which is used by the bees to store honey. Therefore, the beeswax foundation is — supported to the foundation frame and the foundation frame is supported to the box of the beehive. The foundation frames are conventionally peripheral frames having a top frame part, bottom frame part and side frame parts extending between the top and bottom frame parts such that a rectangular and peripheral or circumferential foundation frame is formed. The beeswax foundation is arranged inside the peripheral foundation frame and supported to the peripheral foundation frame with wires extending between the side frame parts or the top and bottom frame parts such that the beeswax foundation is inside the foundation frame. Each wire must be manually set to the foundation frame for supporting the beeswax 3 foundation. S 25 The foundation frame made of wooden parts, meaning the top frame O part, the bottom frame part and the side frame parts, which are attached or © connected to each other for assembling the foundation frame. The beeswax 7 foundation is usually made of beeswax and it is melted to the metal wires for & attaching the beeswax foundation to the foundation frame. N 30 When honey is harvested from the beehive the foundation frames > together with the beeswax foundations are removed from the beehive. Honey is = then extracted from the beeswax foundations in the foundation frames with an N extractor. After harvesting the honey, the used beeswax foundation must be removed from the foundation frame and also the wires must be removed from the foundation frame. Then the foundation frame is cleaned to be used again by installing a new beeswax foundation inside the foundation frame and setting new wires.
Installing a new beeswax foundation to the foundation frame is manual work and takes 10 to 15 minutes time per foundation frame. Accordingly, it is very — time consuming and limits efficiency in beekeeping. Furthermore, the foundation frame usually withstands 2 to 3 cleaning and washing cycles and then it must be disposed.
Prior art beeswax foundations are disclosed for example in documents KR 20130071042 A, CN 203985538 U, US 2239708 A, GB 2144318 A, US 4234985 A CN 202143394 U, GB 150549 A and FR 2590114 A1.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide beekeeping structure, beeswax foundation and method for forming a beekeeping structure so as to solve — or at least alleviate the prior art problems. The objects of the invention are achieved by a beekeeping structure which is characterized by what is stated in claim 1. The objects of the present invention are also achieved with a beeswax foundation which is characterized by what is stated in claim 13 and with a method which is characterized by what is stated in claim 15.
The preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
The invention is based on the idea of providing a beekeeping structure for a beehive. The beekeeping structure comprises a beeswax foundation having circumferential edges, or peripheral edges, and a foundation frame provided in N 25 connection with the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation. According to N the present invention, the beeswax foundation is made of metal sheet material and S the foundation frame is made of moldable material. The foundation frame is S provided to atleast one of the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation and I fixed to the beeswax foundation. Accordingly, the beekeeping structure forms a & 30 single unit in which the beeswax foundation and the foundation frame are fixed S together to be utilized as the single unit in a beehive. The honey may be harvested io from the beeswax foundation without disassembling beekeeping structure and the o beekeeping structure may also be cleaned and prepared for further use without N disassembling the beekeeping structure or installing new beeswax foundation. The manual work is minimized.
The moldable material of the foundation frame may be polymer based material, plastic material, composite material or aluminium based material. Moldable material enables forming the entire foundation frame as one part unit.
Furthermore, the moldable material of the foundation frame may be — bioplastic, bioplastic based material, bio composite, or bio composite based material. The bioplastic or bio composite based material enables providing environmentally friendly beekeeping structure suitable also for bees.
The moldable material of the foundation frame may also be bio based material, biodegradable material or bio based biodegradable material. Bio based — material together with the metal beeswax foundation make the beekeeping structure fully recyclable.
The beeswax foundation may be made of steel material, stainless steel or aluminium. Steel sheet material may be formed by bending, roll forming, cutting or the like techniques for providing the beeswax foundation.
The foundation frame is fixed to the at least one of the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation with chemical bonding, mechanical attachment, or with chemical bonding and mechanical attachment. The chemical bonding provides sealing between the beeswax foundation and the foundation frame preventing beeswax or honey or contaminants from entering between the beeswax foundation and the foundation frame. Mechanical bonding between the beeswax foundation and the foundation frame secures them together such that the beekeeping structure may withstand mechanical stresses for example during cleaning.
The foundation frame may be molded or injection molded to the atleast one of the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation. Molding the N foundation frame to the beeswax foundation may provide attachment and bonding N between the beeswax foundation and the foundation frame as a result of the S molding.
2 Alternatively, an adhesive layer is provided between the foundation E 30 frame and the at least one of the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation. > The adhesive layer may be used for bonding the foundation frame to the beeswax O foundation efficiently and further sealing the foundation frame to the beeswax O foundation. The adhesive layer is especially suitable when the foundation frame is > not molded to formed directly to the beeswax foundation, but attached separately.
Further alternatively, the foundation frame may be molded or injection molded to the at least one of the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation,
and the adhesive layer may be provided between the foundation frame and the at least one of the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation. Utilizing the adhesive layer together with direct molding of the foundation frame to the beeswax foundation enables strong bonding and sealing between the beeswax foundation and the foundation frame.
In some embodiment, the at least one of the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation which is provided with the foundation frame comprises an edge flange extending transversely to the beeswax foundation and arranged inside the foundation frame. The beeswax foundation is a planar part, or plate, and comprises first side surface and a second side surface. The edge flange is provided to the edge of the planar part such that it extends transversely or perpendicularly to in relation to the first and/or second side surface of the beeswax foundation. The edge flange provides a mechanical locking or attachment between the beeswax foundation and the foundation frame.
The edge flange is preferably provided inside the foundation frame. This may be done for example by molding or injection molding the foundation frame to the beeswax foundation.
In one embodiment, the edge flange is provided by shaping the beeswax foundation. The shaping may be carried out by roll forming, bending, cutting or otherwise shaping the beeswax foundation, or manufacturing the beeswax foundation to a desired shape.
In another embodiment, the edge flange is attached to the at least one of the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation. The edge flange may be welded, soldered or mechanically or chemically attached to the beeswax foundation or edge thereof.
N In one embodiment, the beeswax foundation comprises a top edge, a N bottom edge, a first side edge extending between the top edge and the bottom edge, S and a second side edge extending between the top edge and the bottom edge. The 2 foundation frame comprises a top frame portion in the top edge, a bottom frame E 30 — portion in the bottom edge, a side frame portion in the first side edge and a second > side edge portion in the second side edge. Accordingly, in this embodiment the O foundation frame surrounds the beeswax foundation in all circumferential edges O and the foundation frame forms the outer edges of the beekeeping structure.
> In an alternative embodiment, the beeswax foundation comprises a top edge, a bottom edge, a first side edge extending between the top edge and the bottom edge, and a second side edge extending between the top edge and the bottom edge. The foundation frame comprises a top frame portion in the top edge and a bottom frame portion in the bottom edge. Accordingly, in this embodiment the foundation frame is provided only to the top edge and bottom edge of the beeswax foundation. The first and second side edges of the beeswax foundation do 5 not comprise the foundation frame.
In a yet alternative embodiment, the beeswax foundation comprises a top edge, a bottom edge, a first side edge extending between the top edge and the bottom edge, and a second side edge extending between the top edge and the bottom edge. The foundation frame comprises a top frame portion in the top edge, a side frame portion in the first side edge and a second side edge portion in the second side edge. Accordingly, in this embodiment the foundation frame is provided to the top edge and the first and second side edges of the beeswax foundation. The bottom edge of the beeswax foundation does not comprise the foundation frame.
In a further embodiment, the beeswax foundation comprises a top edge, and the foundation frame comprises a top frame portion in the top edge. Accordingly, in this embodiment the foundation frame is provided only to the top edge of the beeswax foundation.
The beeswax foundation is planar element, or plate element, and comprises a first side surface and a second side surface. The at least one of the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation which is provided with the foundation frame is arranged inside the foundation frame. The foundation frame has a tapering structure or cross-sectional shape in a direction from the circumferential edge and towards the first and second side surfaces of the beeswax foundation. Accordingly, the thickness of the foundation frame increases in a N direction towards the circumferential edge of the beeswax foundation. This N enables minimizing corners in the beekeeping structure and facilitates cleaning of S the beekeeping structure.
2 The present invention further relates to a beeswax foundation for a E 30 — beehive. The beeswax foundation comprises a base plate having a top edge, a > bottom edge, a first side edge extending between the top edge and the bottom edge, O and a second side edge extending between the top edge and the bottom edge.
O The beeswax foundation is made of metal sheet material. The top edge > of the base plate is provided with a top edge flange and the bottom edge of the base plate is provided with a bottom edge flange. The top edge flange and the bottom edge flange are arranged to form at least part ofa foundation frame for the beeswax foundation. The beeswax foundation provides durable beeswax foundation which may be used numerous time without additional manual work. The beeswax foundation could be used as a beekeeping structure in a beehive as such, or it could be provided with a foundation frame at least in the top edge.
The first the side edge of the base plate is provided with a first side edge flange and the second side edge of the base plate is provided with a second side edge flange, and the first side edge flange and the second side edge flange are arranged to form at least part of the foundation frame for the beeswax foundation.
Accordingly, the edge flanges may be utilized as mechanical locking elements for mechanically securing a foundation frame to the beeswax foundation. Alternatively, the edge flanges may form the foundation frame such that the no separate foundation frame is needed.
The present invention further provides a method for forming a beekeeping structure. The method comprises forming a beeswax foundation from a metal sheet material, the beeswax foundation comprising a base plate having circumferential edges, and forming a foundation frame to at least one of the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation from moldable material fixed to the beeswax foundation.
In one embodiment, the method comprises forming the foundation frame to at least one of the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation by molding or injection molding or pressure molding.
Accordingly, the method of the present invention provides single unit beekeeping structure which may utilized and reused as such without need for dissembling, assembling or installing and removing of the beeswax foundation.
The present invention provides a beekeeping structure as one element.
N The foundation frame is permanently fixed or secured to the beeswax foundation. N Furthermore, the foundation frame is made of moldable material such that S foundation frame may be provided as one unitary part. Further, as the beeswax 2 foundation is made of metal sheet material, the beeswax foundation may be E 30 cleaned after harvesting the honey. Accordingly, there is no need for disassembling > the beekeeping structure or installing new beeswax foundation. The beeswax O foundation may be only coated with a new wax layer after cleaning. The beekeeping O structure becomes reusable multiple times without need installing new beeswax > foundation.
The invention is described in detail by means of specific embodiments with reference to the enclosed drawings, in which Figures 1A and 1B are a schematic figures of a prior art beeswax foundation and beekeeping structure; Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a beekeeping structure according to the present invention; Figures 3A and 3B show cross-sectional views of the beekeeping structure of figure 2 along lines A-A and B-B, respectively; Figure 4 shows a schematic view of a beeswax foundation according to — the present invention; Figures 5A and 5B show cross-sectional views of the beeswax foundation of figure 4 along lines A-A and B-B, respectively; Figures 6A and 7B show cross-sectional views of another embodiment of the beeswax foundation of figure 4 along lines A-A and B-B, respectively; Figures 7A and 7B show cross-sectional views of yet another embodiment of the beeswax foundation of figure 4 along lines A-A and B-B, respectively; Figures 8A and 8B shows schematic detailed views of circumferential edges of a beeswax foundation according to the present invention; Figures 9A and 9B show cross-sectional views of another embodiment of the beekeeping structure of figure 2 along lines A-A and B-B, respectively; Figure 10 shows schematically another embodiment of the beekeeping structure according to the present invention; Figures 11A and 11B show cross-sectional views of the beeswax foundation of figure 10 along lines A-A and B-B, respectively; N Figure 12 shows schematically yet another embodiment of the N beekeeping structure according to the present invention; S Figures 13A and 13B show cross-sectional views of the beeswax 2 foundation of figure 12 along lines A-A and B-B, respectively; and E 30 Figure 13 shows schematically one embodiment of an arrangement of a > foundation frame to the beeswax foundation. a 3
N DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Figure 1A shows a schematic view of prior art beeswax foundation 10 which is made of beeswax.
The beeswax foundation 10 is plate-like element, or comprises a base plate, having a top edge 2, bottom edge 4, a first side edge 6 and a second side edge 8 forming circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation.
The beeswax foundation 10 is supported to the foundation frame 50, as shown in figure 1B.
The prior art foundation frame 50 is peripheral frames having a top frame part 52, bottom frame part 54 and side frame parts 56, 58 extending between the top and bottom frame parts 52, 54 such that a rectangular and peripheral or circumferential foundation frame 50 is formed.
The top frame part 52 comprises a first top frame extension 51 and a second top frame extension 53 extending away — from the first and second side frame parts 56, 58, respectively.
The beekeeping structure, and the foundation frame 50 and the beeswax foundation, are supported to the beehive from the top frame extensions 51, 53. The foundation frame 50 is made of separate wooden parts, meaning the top frame part 52, the bottom frame part 54 and the side frame parts 56, 58, which are attached or connected to each — other for assembling the foundation frame 50. The beeswax foundation 10 is arranged inside the peripheral foundation frame 50 and supported to the peripheral foundation frame with wires 60 extending between the side frame parts 56, 58 such that the beeswax foundation is inside the foundation frame 50. Figure 2 shows a beekeeping structure according to the present invention.
The beekeeping structure comprises the beeswax foundation 10 and the foundation frame 20, as shown in figure 2. The beeswax foundation 10 comprises circumferential edges and the foundation frame 20 is provided in connection with the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation 10. The beeswax foundation 10 is made of metal sheet material, such as metal thin sheet steel material, stainless steel or aluminium.
The thickness of the N metal sheet material may be between 0,1 mm to 1 mm, or 0,2 mm to 0,5 mm, or N preferably between 0,2 mm to 0,35 mm.
S The metal beeswax foundation 10 may be provided with through holes 2 11 penetrating the plate-like beeswax foundation 10. The through holes 11 may be E 30 provided by stamping, punching, boring or the like method.
The diameter of the = through holes 11 may be between 0,5 mm to 3 mm, or between 1 mm to 2,5 mm, O or between the 1,5 mm to 2,5 mm.
Distance between adjacent through holes 11, O from centre to centre, may be between 10 mm to 30 mm, or between 15 mm to 25 > mm.
The through holes 11 make the metal beeswax foundation lighter.
The foundation frame 20 is made of moldable material.
Moldable material in this application means non-metallic material which may molded or shaped without removing material. Further the moldable material means material which may be provided to liquid or vicosious state and molded in a mould. The moldable material of the foundation frame 20 may be polymer based material, plastic material or composite material. Preferably, the moldable material of the foundation frame 20 is bioplastic, bioplastic based material, bio composite, or bio composite based material. Further preferably, the moldable material of the foundation frame 20 is bio based material, biodegradable material or bio based biodegradable material. Thus, the foundation frame may be provided environmentally friendly, light and also durable.
According to the present invention, the foundation frame is provided to at least one of the circumferential edges of the beeswax foundation 10 and fixed to the beeswax foundation 10.
The foundation frame 20 is permanently fixed to the beeswax foundation 10 for providing a single part or single unit beekeeping structure.
Figure 2 shows an embodiment, in which the beeswax foundation 10 comprises a top edge 2, a bottom edge 4, a first side edge 6 extending between the top edge 2 and the bottom edge 4, and a second side edge 8 extending between the top edge 2 and the bottom edge 4. The circumferential edges 2, 4, 6, 8 of the beeswax foundation are arranged inside the foundation frame 20. The foundation frame 20 comprises a top frame portion 22 in the top edge 2, a bottom frame portion in the bottom edge 4, a side frame portion 26 in the first side edge 6 and a second side edge portion 28 in the second side edge 8. In this embodiment, the foundation frame 20 surround the beeswax foundation 10, and is provided to all circumferential edges 2, 4, 6, 8 of the beeswax foundation 10.
The top frame portion 22 comprises a first extension portion 21 and a N second extension portion 23 extending or protruding along the top frame portion N 22 and away from the first and second side frame portions 26, 28, respectively. The S beekeeping structure may be supported to the beehive from the first and second 2 extension portions 21, 23.
E 30 Figure 3A shows a cross-sectional view of the beekeeping structure of > figure 2 along line A-A. The beeswax foundation 10 is a planar element or plate O having a first side surface 12 and a second side surface 14. The top edge 2 of the O beeswax foundation 10 is arranged inside the top frame portion 22 and the bottom > edge 4 of the beeswax foundation 10 is arranged inside the bottom frame portion 24 of the foundation frame 20. Thus, the top frame portion 22 surrounds or encloses the top edge 2 and the bottom frame portion 24 surrounds or encloses the bottom edge 4.
Figure 3B shows a cross-sectional view of the beekeeping structure of figure 2 along line B-B. The first side edge 6 of the beeswax foundation 10 is arranged inside the first side frame portion 26 and the second side edge 8 of the beeswax foundation 10 is arranged inside the second side frame portion 28 of the foundation frame 20. Thus, the first side frame portion 26 surrounds or encloses the first side edge 6 and the second side frame portion 28 surrounds or encloses the second side edge 8.
Accordingly, the foundation frame 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 form the outer edges of the beekeeping structure.
Figure 4 shows a schematic side view of the beeswax foundation according to the present invention. The beeswax foundation 10 comprises the top edge 2, the bottom edge 4, the first side edge 6 extending between the top edge 2 and the bottom edge 4, and the second side edge 8 extending between the top edge 2 and the bottom edge 4.
Figure 5A shows a cross-sectional view of the beeswax foundation 10 of figure 4 along line A-A. The beeswax foundation 10 comprises the first side surface 12 and the second side surface 14. The top edge 2 of the beeswax foundation 10 is provided a top edge flange and the bottom edge 4 is provided with a bottom edge flange, as shown in figure 5A.
Figure 5B shows a cross-sectional view of the beeswax foundation 10 of figure 4 along line B-B. The first side edge 6 of the beeswax foundation 10 is provided a first side edge flange and the second side edge 8 is provided with a second side edge flange, as shown in figure 5B.
Two embodiments of the edge flanges of the beeswax foundation 10, N meaning the top edge flange, the bottom edge flange, the first side edge flange and N the second side edge flange, are shown in figures 8A and 8B. S The edge flanges may extend along the edges 2, 4, 6, 8 of the beeswax 2 foundation. The edge flange may extend along the entire length of edge 2, 4, 6, 8 of E 30 — the beeswax foundation 10. Alternatively, the edge flange may extend along the > only a part of the length of the edge 2, 4, 6, 8 of the beeswax foundation 10. Further, O in some embodiments there may be two or more separate edge flanges on same O edge 2, 4, 6, 8 and extending only along a part of the length of the edge 2, 4, 6, 8 of o the beeswax foundation 10. The edge flange further extends transversely to the first and second side surface 12, 14 of the beeswax foundation 10. In one embodiment, the edge flange may extend perpendicularly to the first and second side surface 12, 14 of the beeswax foundation 10. In another embodiment, the edge flange may extend in an angle to the first and second side surface 12, 14 of the beeswax foundation 10. The angle between the edge flange and the first and/or second side surface 12, 14 may be between 45 to 135 degrees, or 60 to 120 degrees, or between 75 to 105 degrees. In the embodiment of figures 5A and 5B, the edge flanges of edges 2, 4, 6, 8 extend in opposite directions from the edges 2, 4, 6, 8. This means that the edge flange extends from the edge 2, 4, 6, 8 transversely or perpendicularly to the first and second side surface 12, 14 on the side of the first and second side surface 12,
14. Figure 8A shows the edge flange of figures 5A and 5B in more detail. Figure 8A shows an embodiment in which the edge flange 16, 17 is formed by bending the base plate of the beeswax foundation 10 at the edge 2, 4, 6, 8. The edge flange comprises a first flange part 16 extending in a first direction transversely or perpendicularly from the edge 2, 4, 6, 8 and relative to the beeswax foundation 10 or the side surfaces 12, 14. The edge flange comprises a second flange part 17 extending in a second direction transversely or perpendicularly from the edge 2, 4, 6, 8 and relative to the beeswax foundation 10 or the side surfaces 12, 14. Preferably, the first and second directions are perpendicular to the direction of the — side surfaces 12, 14, and extend in opposite directions. In other words, the edge flange 16, 17 extends in two directions from the edge 2, 4, 6, 8 and forms a T-shaped cross-section. In one embodiment, the bottom edge flange is formed by bending or shaping the beeswax foundation 10 such that the beeswax foundation 10 is first — bentin the first direction to the first flange edge 16 for forming the first flange part N 16 and then bent in the second direction past the beeswax foundation 10 as the N second flange part 17. The first and second flange parts 16, 17 preferably have the S same length in the first and second directions from the beeswax foundation 10. 2 Furthermore, the first and second flange parts 16, 17 preferably form an angle of I 30 90 degrees with the beeswax foundation 10. > It should be noted that the edge flange 16, 17 may also be attached to O the beeswax foundation 10, for example by welding or soldering or gluing. O Figure 6A shows a cross-sectional view of the beeswax foundation 10 of > figure 4 along line A-A according to another embodiment. The beeswax foundation 10comprises the first side surface 12 and the second side surface 14. The top edge 2 of the beeswax foundation 10 is provided with the top edge flange and the bottom edge 4 is provided with the bottom edge flange, as shown in figure 6A.
In this embodiment, the top edge flange and the bottom edge flange are provided as flanges extending only in one direction and in the same direction from the top edge 2 and the bottom edge 4. Both the top edge flange and the bottom edge flange extend to the side of the second side surface 14 of the beeswax foundation 10. Figure 6B shows a cross-sectional view of the beeswax foundation 10 of figure 4 along line A-A according to yet another embodiment.
The beeswax foundation 10 comprises the first side surface 12 and the second side surface 14. The top edge 2 of the beeswax foundation 10 is provided with the top edge flange and the bottom edge 4 is provided with a bottom edge flange, as shown in figure 6B.
In this embodiment, the top edge flange and the bottom edge flange are provided as flanges extending only in one direction and in different directions from the top edge 2 and the bottom edge 4. The top edge flange extends to the side of the second side surface 14 of the beeswax foundation 10 and the bottom edge flange extends to the side of the first side surface 12 of the beeswax foundation 10. Figure 7A shows a cross-sectional view of the beeswax foundation 10 of figure 4 along line B-B according to another embodiment.
The first side edge 6 of the beeswax foundation 10 is provided with the first side edge flange and the second side edge 8 is provided with the second side edge flange, as shown in figure 6B.
In this embodiment, the first side edge flange and the second side edge flange are provided as flanges extending only in one direction and in the same directions from the first side edge 2 and the second side edge 4, respectively.
Both the first side edge flange and the second side edge flange extend to the side of the second side surface 14 of the beeswax foundation 10. Figure 7B shows a cross-sectional view of the beeswax foundation 10 of N figure 4 along line B-B according to another embodiment.
The first side edge 6 of N the beeswax foundation 10 is provided with the first side edge flange and the S second side edge 8 is provided with the second side edge flange, as shown in figure 2 6B.
In this embodiment, the first side edge flange and the second side edge flange E 30 — are provided as flanges extending only in one direction and in different directions > from the first side edge 2 and the second side edge 4, respectively.
Both the first O side edge flange extends to the side of the second side surface 14 of the beeswax O foundation 10 and the second side edge flange extends to the side of the first side > surface 12 of the beeswax foundation 10. Figure 8B shows an alternative embodiment, in which the edge flange 18 extends transversely or perpendicularly in one direction, in the first direction,
from the edge 2, 4, 6, 8 of the beeswax foundation 10 and from and relative to the side surfaces 12, 14. Thus, the edge flange 18 forms an L-shaped cross-section with the beeswax foundation 10. In this embodiment, the edge flange 18 is formed by bending or shaping — the beeswax foundation 10 such that the beeswax foundation 10 is bent in the first direction for forming the flange part 18. The edge flange 18 preferably forms an angle of 90 degrees with the beeswax foundation 10. It should be noted that the edge flanges may be provided in various ways such that it extends from the beeswax foundation 10 in the thickness direction of the beeswax foundation 10 at the edge 2, 4, 6, 8. The edge flange 16, 17, 18 may be a flange, lip, collar or any kind of structural element extending in the thickness direction of the beeswax foundation 10. Furthermore, in figures 8A and 8B the edge flange 16, 17, 18 is formed by shaping the beeswax foundation 10 such that the edge flange 16, 17, 18 is provided as an integral part of the beeswax foundation 10. This is preferable as manufacturing the beeswax foundation becomes simple. However, the edge flange 16, 17, 18 may also be attached fixedly to the edge 2, 4, 6, 8 of the beeswax foundation 10. When the edge flange 16, 17, 18 is attached fixedly to the beeswax foundation 10, it is also an integral part of the beeswax foundation 10. The edge flange 16, 17, 18 may be attached to the edge 2, 4, 6, 8 with mechanical fasteners, such as rivets, staples, screws or the like. Alternatively, the bottom edge flange 16, 17, 18 may be attached to the edge 2, 4, 6, 8 by bonding, such a gluing with adhesive material or welding or fusing or some other bonding method. Figures 9A and 9B, show another embodiment according to the figure
4. N Figure 9A shows a cross-sectional view of the beekeeping structure of N figure 2 along line A-A. The beeswax foundation 10 is a planar element or plate S having a first side surface 12 and a second side surface 14. The top edge 2 of the 2 beeswax foundation 10 comprises the top edge flange and is arranged inside the E 30 top frame portion 22 and the bottom edge 4 of the beeswax foundation 10 > comprises the bottom edge flange and is arranged inside the bottom frame portion O 24 of the foundation frame 20. Thus, the top frame portion 22 surrounds or O encloses the top edge 2 and the top edge flange and the bottom frame portion 24 > surrounds or encloses the bottom edge 4 and the bottom edge flange. Figure 9B shows a cross-sectional view of the beekeeping structure of figure 2 along line B-B. The first side edge 6 and the first side edge flange of the beeswax foundation 10 is arranged inside the first side frame portion 26 and the second side edge 8 and the second side edge flange of the beeswax foundation 10 is arranged inside the second side frame portion 28 of the foundation frame 20. Thus, the first side frame portion 26 surrounds or encloses the first side edge 6 and the first side edge flange and the second side frame portion 28 surrounds or encloses the second side edge 8 second side edge flange.
The side edge flanges provide mechanical attachment of the beeswax foundation and the foundation frame.
Figure 10 shows another embodiment in which the beeswax foundation 10 comprises the top edge 2, the bottom edge 4, the first side edge 6 extending between the top edge 2 and the bottom edge 4, and the second side edge 8 extending between the top edge 2 and the bottom edge 4. The foundation frame 20 comprises the top frame portion 22 in the top edge 2, the side frame portion 26 in the first side edge 6 and the second side edge portion 28 in the second side edge 8.
Accordingly, there is not bottom frame portion, but the bottom edge 8 or the bottom edge flange may form the bottom frame portion.
Figure 11A shows a cross-sectional view of the beekeeping structure of figure 10 along line A-A. The top edge 2 of the beeswax foundation 10 is arranged inside the top frame portion 22. There is no bottom frame portion in the bottom edge 4. Thus, the top frame portion 22 surrounds or encloses the top edge 2. The bottom edge 4 may comprise the bottom flange and the bottom flange may form the frame portion at the bottom edge.
Figure 11B shows a cross-sectional view of the beekeeping structure of figure 10 along line B-B. The first side edge 6 of the beeswax foundation 10 is arranged inside the first side frame portion 26 and the second side edge 8 of the N beeswax foundation 10 is arranged inside the second side frame portion 28 of the N foundation frame 20. Thus, the first side frame portion 26 surrounds or encloses S the first side edge 6 and the second side frame portion 28 surrounds or encloses 2 the second side edge 8.
E 30 Figure 12 shows an embodiment in which the beeswax foundation 10 > comprises a top edge 2, and the foundation frame 20 comprises the top frame O portion 22 in the top edge 2. There is no first and second frame portions and no O bottom frame portion.
> Figure 13A shows a cross-sectional view of the beekeeping structure of figure 12 along line A-A. The top edge 2 of the beeswax foundation 10 is arranged inside the top frame portion 22. There is no bottom frame portion in the bottom edge 4. Thus, the top frame portion 22 surrounds or encloses the top edge 2. The bottom edge 4 may comprise the bottom flange and the bottom flange may form the foundation portion at the bottom edge.
Figure 13B shows a cross-sectional view of the beekeeping structure of figure 10 along line B-B. The first side edge 6 of the beeswax foundation 10 and the second side edge 8 of the beeswax foundation 10 do not comprise frame portions. The bottom edge 4 and the side edges 6, 8 may comprise the bottom flange and the first and second side edge flanges for forming frame portions.
The foundation frame 20 may be fixed to the at least one of the circumferential edges 2, 4, 6, 8 of the beeswax foundation 10 with chemical bonding, mechanical attachment, or with chemical bonding and mechanical attachment.
In one embodiment, the foundation frame 20 may be molded or injection molded directly to the at least one of the circumferential edges 2, 4, 6, 8 ofthe beeswax foundation 10. The molding may provide the chemical bonding to the beeswax foundation 10.
Alternatively, an adhesive layer is provided between the foundation frame 20 and the at least one of the circumferential edges 2, 4, 6, 8 of the beeswax foundation 10. The adhesive layer may provide the chemical bonding to the beeswax foundation 10.
Further, alternatively, both adhesive layer and the molding may be used.
Figure 14 shows an embodiment, in which the foundation frame 10, or the frame portions thereof 22, 24, 26, 28, have tapering cross-sectional shape in direction from the edge 2, 4, 6, 8 of the beeswax foundation towards the first and N second side surface 12, 14 of the beeswax foundation 10 when the edges 2, 4, 6, 8 N are arranged inside the foundation frame 20. Accordingly, the foundation frame 20, S or the frame portions thereof 22, 24, 26, 28, have thickness in the thickness 2 direction of beeswax foundation 10 greater than the thickness of the beeswax E 30 foundation 10. Therefore, the thickness of the foundation frame 20, or the frame = portions thereof 22, 24, 26, 28, decreases towards the first and second side surface O 12, 14 of the beeswax foundation 10. According, the foundation frame 20, 22, 24, O 26, 28 has a first tapering or inclined portion or surface 25 towards the first side > surface 12 of the beeswax foundation 10, and a second tapering or inclined portion —27 or surface towards the second side surface 14 of the beeswax foundation 10.
Thus, the thickness of the foundation frame 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 on the first side surface 12 decreases along the first tapering or inclined portion or surface 25 and towards the first side surface 12. Similarly, the thickness of the foundation frame 20,22, 24,26, 28 on the second side surface 14 decreases along the second tapering or inclined portion or surface 27 and towards the second side surface 14.
The present invention also provides a beeswax foundation 10 for a beehive. The beeswax foundation 10 comprises a base plate or is planar element having the top edge 2, the bottom edge 4, the first side edge 6 extending between the top edge 2 and the bottom edge 4, and the second side edge 8 extending between the top edge 2 and the bottom edge 4. The beeswax foundation 10 is made — of metal sheet material and the top edge 2 of the base plate is provided with the top edge flange 16, 17, 18 and the bottom edge 4 of the base plate is provided with the bottom edge flange 16, 17, 18. The top edge flange and the bottom edge flange 16, 17, 18 are arranged to form at least part of a foundation frame 20 for the beeswax foundation 10.
Accordingly, the beeswax foundation of the present invention provides a structure which may form at least part of the foundation frame 20, or the entire foundation frame 20.
The beeswax foundation 10 may be any beeswax foundation as described in connection with figures 4 to 8A and 8B.
In one embodiment, the first the side edge 6 of the base plate is provided with the first side edge flange 16, 17, 18 and the second side edge 8 of the base plate is provided with the second side edge flange 16, 17, 18. The first side edge flange 16, 17, 18 and the second side edge flange 16, 17, 18 are arranged to form at least part of the foundation frame 20 for the beeswax foundation 10. In this embodiment, all the circumferential edges 2, 4, 6, 8 of the beeswax foundation 10 N are provided with edge flanges 16, 17, 18 such that the edge flanges 16, 17, 18 form N at least part or the entire of the circumferential foundation frame 20 surrounding S the base plate.
2 Accordingly, the beeswax foundation 10 of the present invention may E 30 —be supported directly to the beehive without separate foundation frame 20. This > also enables providing single part beekeeping structure which is durable, O environmentally friendly and reusable.
O The present invention provides a method for forming a beekeeping > structure. The method comprises forming the beeswax foundation 10 from a metal — sheet material, the beeswax foundation 10 comprising a base plate having the circumferential edges 2, 4, 6, 8. The method also comprises forming the foundation frame 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 to at least one of the circumferential edges 2, 4, 6, 8 of the beeswax foundation 10 from moldable material and fixing the foundation frame to the beeswax foundation 10. Forming the beeswax foundation 10 may comprise forming the beeswax foundation 10 from metal sheet material, such as metal thin sheet, steel sheet or stainless steel sheet.
Forming the beeswax foundation 10 may further comprise one or more of the following: cutting, bending, roll forming, shaping, press forming from metal sheet blank.
Forming the beeswax foundation 10 may further comprise one or more of the following: cutting, bending, roll forming, shaping, press forming atleast one of the top edge flange, bottom edge flange, first side edge flange and the second side edge flange.
Forming the beeswax foundation 10 may also comprise providing the through holes 11 to the beeswax foundation 10 by stapling, punching, boring or the like method.
The method comprises forming the foundation frame 20, or one or more of the frame portions 22, 24, 26, 28 to at least one of the circumferential edges 2,4, 6, 8 of the beeswax foundation 10 by molding or injection molding or pressure molding the foundation frame 10 or one or more of the frame portions thereof to directly to the beeswax foundation 10 or to one or more of the circumferential edges 2, 4, 6, 8 thereof.
The foundation frame 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 may be provided from any suitable moldable material as described above.
The invention has been described above with reference to the examples N shown in the figures. However, the invention is in no way restricted to the above N examples but may vary within the scope of the claims.
S 8
S 3
Claims (11)
1. A beekeeping structure for a beehive, the beekeeping structure comprising a beeswax foundation (10) having circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) and a foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) provided in connection with the circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) of the beeswax foundation (10), in which beekeeping structure: - the beeswax foundation (10) is made of metal sheet material; - the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) is made of moldable material; and - the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) is molded or injection molded directly to the at least one of the circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) of the beeswax foundation (10), characterized in that the at least one of the circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) of the beeswax foundation (10) which is provided with the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) comprises an edge flange (16, 17, 18) extending transversely to the beeswax foundation (10) and arranged inside the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28).
2. A beekeeping structure according to claim 1,characterized in that the moldable material of the foundation frame (20, 22,24, 26, 28) is polymer based material, plastic material, composite material or aluminium based material.
3. A beekeeping structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the moldable material of the foundation frame (20, 22,24, 26, 28) is bioplastic, bioplastic based material, bio composite, or bio ; composite based material.
N N
4. A beekeeping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, S characterized in that the moldable material of the foundation frame (20, O 30 22,24, 26, 28) is bio based material, biodegradable material or bio based I biodegradable material. N
5. A beekeeping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, D characterized inthatthebeeswax foundation (10) is made of steel material, N 35 stainless steel or aluminium.
6. A beekeeping structure according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: -an adhesive layer is provided between the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) and the at least one of the circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) of the beeswax foundation (10).
7. A beekeeping structure according to claim 1,characterized in that: - the edge flange (16, 17, 18) is provided by shaping the beeswax foundation (10); or - the edge flange (16,17, 18) is attached to the at least one of the circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) of the beeswax foundation (10).
8. A beekeeping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: - the beeswax foundation (10) comprises a top edge (2), a bottom edge (4), a first side edge (6) extending between the top edge (2) and the bottom edge (4), and a second side edge (8) extending between the top edge (2) and the bottom edge (4), and the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) comprises a top frame portion (22) in the top edge (2), a bottom frame portion in the bottom edge (4), a side frame portion (26) in the first side edge (6) and a second side edge portion (28) in the second side edge (8); or - the beeswax foundation (10) comprises a top edge (2), a bottom edge (4), a first side edge (6) extending between the top edge (2) and the bottom edge (4), and a second side edge (8) extending between the top edge (2) and the bottom edge (4), and the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) comprises a top frame portion » (22) in the top edge (2) and a bottom frame portion in the bottom edge (4); or N - the beeswax foundation (10) comprises a top edge (2), a bottom edge N (4), a first side edge (6) extending between the top edge (2) and the bottom edge S 30 (4), and a second side edge (8) extending between the top edge (2) and the bottom 2 edge (4), and the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) comprises a top frame portion = (22) in the top edge (2), a side frame portion (26) in the first side edge (6) and a N second side edge portion (28) in the second side edge (8); or AN - the beeswax foundation (10) comprises a top edge (2), and the = 35 foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) comprises a top frame portion (22) in the top N edge (2).
9. A beekeeping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the beeswax foundation (10) has a first side surface (12) and a second side surface (14), the at least one of the circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) of the beeswax foundation (10) which is provided with the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) is arranged inside the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26,28), and the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) has a tapering structure in a direction from the circumferential edge (2, 4, 6, 8) and towards the first and second side surfaces (12, 14) of the beeswax foundation (10).
10. A beeswax foundation (10) for a beehive, the beeswax foundation (10) comprising a base plate having a top edge (2), a bottom edge (4), a first side edge (6) extending between the top edge (2) and the bottom edge (4), and a second side edge (8) extending between the top edge (2) and the bottom edge (4), the beeswax foundation (10) being made of metal sheet material, characterized in that: - the top edge (2) of the base plate is provided with a top edge flange (16, 17, 18) and the bottom edge (4) of the base plate is provided with a bottom edge flange (16, 17, 18); - the top edge flange and the bottom edge flange (16, 17, 18) are arranged to form at least part of a foundation frame (20) for the beeswax foundation (10); - the first the side edge (6) of the base plate is provided with a first side edge flange (16, 17, 18) and the second side edge (8) of the base plate is provided with a second side edge flange (16, 17, 18); and - the first side edge flange (16, 17, 18) and the second side edge flange (16, 17, 18) are arranged to form at least part of the foundation frame (20) for the beeswax foundation (10); » - the edge flange (16, 17, 18) is provided by shaping the beeswax N foundation.
N S 30
11. A method for forming a beekeeping structure, the method comprises: 2 - forming a beeswax foundation (10) from a metal sheet material, the = beeswax foundation (10) comprising a base plate having circumferential edges (2, N 4, 6, 8);and N - forming a foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) to at least one of the = 35 circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) of the beeswax foundation (10) from moldable N material fixed to the beeswax foundation (10) by molding or injection molding or pressure molding directly to the at least one of the circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8)
of the beeswax foundation (10), characterized in that: - forming the beeswax foundation (10) further comprises forming an edge flange (16, 17, 18) to the at least one of the circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) of the beeswax foundation (10), the edge flange (16, 17, 18) extending transversely to the beeswax foundation (10) and arranged inside the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28); and - forming the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) comprises forming the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) to the at least one of the circumferential edges (2, 4, 6, 8) of the beeswax foundation (10) such that the edge flange (16, 17, 18) is arranged inside the foundation frame (20, 22, 24, 26, 28).
N
O
N <+ 2 0
I Ao 2
N
O
N
LO
O
O
N
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20195262A FI129800B (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2019-04-01 | Beekeeping structure, beeswax foundation and method |
| PCT/FI2020/050209 WO2020201628A1 (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2020-03-31 | Beekeeping structure, beeswax foundation and method |
| EP20782616.5A EP3945797A4 (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2020-03-31 | Beekeeping structure, beeswax foundation and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20195262A FI129800B (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2019-04-01 | Beekeeping structure, beeswax foundation and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI20195262A1 FI20195262A1 (en) | 2020-10-02 |
| FI129800B true FI129800B (en) | 2022-08-31 |
Family
ID=72666143
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20195262A FI129800B (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2019-04-01 | Beekeeping structure, beeswax foundation and method |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3945797A4 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI129800B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020201628A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB166468A (en) * | 1920-09-01 | 1921-07-21 | Ernest Fredertck Hutchings | Foundation plates for beehive sections and combs |
| US2239708A (en) * | 1938-12-27 | 1941-04-29 | Lloyd V France | Artificial honeycomb |
| GB2144318A (en) | 1983-05-16 | 1985-03-06 | Metal Deploye Belge Sa | Honeycomb support for a beehive |
| FR2590114A1 (en) | 1985-11-18 | 1987-05-22 | Castagne Jean Bernard | Frame especially for a superhive |
| KR20130071042A (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-28 | (주)비센 | A new beekeeping foundation with reinforced durability |
| CN203985538U (en) * | 2014-05-31 | 2014-12-10 | 成都诚克兄弟蜂业有限公司 | Stainless steel honeybee bee-nest box |
| CN205884366U (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2017-01-18 | 杨茂 | Honeycomb mesophragma ware and beehive |
-
2019
- 2019-04-01 FI FI20195262A patent/FI129800B/en active IP Right Grant
-
2020
- 2020-03-31 WO PCT/FI2020/050209 patent/WO2020201628A1/en unknown
- 2020-03-31 EP EP20782616.5A patent/EP3945797A4/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3945797A1 (en) | 2022-02-09 |
| FI20195262A1 (en) | 2020-10-02 |
| EP3945797A4 (en) | 2022-06-08 |
| WO2020201628A1 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
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