FI129366B - Ampumamaali - Google Patents
Ampumamaali Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI129366B FI129366B FI20195836A FI20195836A FI129366B FI 129366 B FI129366 B FI 129366B FI 20195836 A FI20195836 A FI 20195836A FI 20195836 A FI20195836 A FI 20195836A FI 129366 B FI129366 B FI 129366B
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- shooting target
- shooting
- lignin
- target
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000272201 Columbiformes Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 20
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005611 kraft lignin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000520223 Helice Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002029 lignocellulosic biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012978 lignocellulosic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001133760 Acoelorraphe Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011624 Agave sisalana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209763 Avena sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007558 Avena sp Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000004281 Eucalyptus maculata Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219071 Malvaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000907 Musa textilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000286209 Phasianidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000183024 Populus tremula Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209056 Secale Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007238 Secale cereale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000186561 Swietenia macrophylla Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006353 environmental stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
- F41J1/00—Targets; Target stands; Target holders
- F41J1/01—Target discs characterised by their material, structure or surface, e.g. clay pigeon targets characterised by their material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
- F41J9/00—Moving targets, i.e. moving when fired at
- F41J9/16—Clay-pigeon targets; Clay-disc targets
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Esitetään ammuntakohde, joka käsittää kasvipohjaisia partikkeleita, ligniiniä tai niiden yhdistelmää määränä, joka on vähintään 80 painoprosenttia ammuntakohteen kokonaispainosta laskettuna. Lisäksi esitetään menetelmä ammuntakohteen valmistamiseksi ja ammuntakohteen käyttö.
Claims (17)
1. Ammuntakohde, joka käsittää ligniiniä mää- ran, joka on ainakin 80 paino-%3 ammuntakohteen koko- naispainoon perustuen, tai joka käsittää kasvipohjai- sia partikkeleita ja ligniiniä määrän, joka on ainakin 80 paino-% ammuntakohteen kokonaispainoon perustuen, jolloin kasvipohjaisten partikkelien suhde ligniiniin on 90-80/10-20, tai 80-70/20-30, tai 70-60/30-40, tai 60-50/40-50, tai 50-40/50-60, tai 40-30/60-70, tai 30- 20/70-80, tai 20-10/80-90.
2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen ammuntakoh- de, jolloin ammuntakohde käsittää kasvipohjaisia par- tikkeleita, ligniiniä tai niiden yhdistelmää määrän, joka on ainakin 85 paino-% tai ainakin 90 paino-% tai ainakin 95 paino-% tai ainakin 99 paino-% ammuntakoh- teen kokonaispainoon perustuen.
3. Jonkin edeltävistä patenttivaatimuksista mukainen ammuntakohde, jossa kasvipohjaiset partikke- lit ovat puupartikkeleita.
4. Patenttivaatimuksen 3 mukainen ammuntakoh- de, jossa puupartikkelit on valittu ryhmästä, johon kuuluvat sahanpuru, puuhake, sahajauho, sahalaitoksen hake, sahalaitoksen lastut ja mikä tahansa näiden yh- distelmä.
5. Jonkin edeltävistä patenttivaatimuksista mukainen ammuntakohde, jossa kasvipohjaisten partikke- — lien keskimääräinen partikkelikoko on 0,6 — 1 mm.
S 6. Jonkin edeltävistä patenttivaatimuksista = mukainen ammuntakohde, jolloin ammuntakohteen kosteus- 3 30 pitoisuus on alle 65 % suhteellista kosteutta.
© 7. Jonkin edeltävistä patenttivaatimuksista E mukainen ammuntakohde, jolloin ammuntakohteen lujuus o on N.
& 8. Jonkin edeltävistä patenttivaatimuksista 2 35 mukainen ammuntakohde, jolloin ammuntakohde on bioha- N joava.
9. Jonkin edeltävistä patenttivaatimuksista mukainen ammuntakohde, jolloin ammuntakohde ei sisällä kalkkikiveä ja/tai kivihiilitervaa.
10. Jonkin edeltävistä patenttivaatimuksista mukainen ammuntakohde, jolloin ammuntakohde on pääl- lystetty suojakerroksella.
11. Jonkin edeltävistä patenttivaatimuksista mukainen ammuntakohde, jolloin ammuntakohde on skeet- ammuntakohde, trap-ammuntakohde tai sporting clays - ammuntakohde.
12. Menetelmä ammuntakohteen tuottamiseksi, jolloin menetelmä käsittää, että a) muodostetaan seos, joka käsittää ligniiniä määrän, joka on ainakin 80 paino-% seoksen kokonais- painoon perustuen, tai seos, joka käsittää kasvipoh- jaisia partikkeleita ja ligniiniä määrän, joka on ai- nakin 80 paino-% seoksen kokonaispainoon perustuen, jolloin kasvipohjaisten partikkelien suhde ligniiniin on 90-80/10-20, tai 80-70/20-30, tai 70-60/30-40, tai 60-50/40-50, tai 50-40/50-60, tai 40-30/60-70, tai 30- 20/70-80, tai 20-10/80-90; ja b) puristetaan vaiheen a) seosta seoksen muo- vaamiseksi ennalta määrätyn kokoiseksi ja muotoiseksi ammuntakohteeksi, jolloin vaiheen a) seos pidetään lämpötilassa, joka on 0 -— 150 °C, puristusvaiheen ai- kana.
13. Patenttivaatimuksen 12 mukainen menetel- N mä, jossa vaihetta b) jatketaan 0,5 — 20 minuuttia tai N 1 - 15 minuuttia tai 3 - 10 minuuttia tai 4 - 5 mi- - 30 nuuttia.
3
14. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksista 12 - 13 z mukainen menetelmä, jossa vaihe b) toteutetaan käyttä- * mällä puristusvoimaa, joka on 1 — 100 MPa tai 50 — 90 2 MPa tai 80 - 85 MPa.
3 35
15. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksista 12 — 14 S mukainen menetelmä, jossa vaiheen b) aikana vaiheen a) seos pidetään lämpötilassa, joka on 5 — 145 °C tai 10
— 140 °C tai 15 — 135 °C tai 20 - 130 °C tai 30 — 120 °C tai 50 — 110 °C tai 60 — 90 °C tai 70 — 80 °C.
16. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksista 12 - 15 mukainen menetelmä, jolloin menetelmä käsittää am- muntakohteen päällystämisen suojakerroksella.
17. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksista 1 — 11 mukaisen ammuntakohteen käyttö kiekkoammuntaan, kuten skeet-ammuntaan, trap-ammuntaan ja/tai sporting clays -ammuntaan.
N
O
N +
O
I jami a ©
O 00
LO
O Oo
N
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20195836A FI129366B (fi) | 2019-10-01 | 2019-10-01 | Ampumamaali |
| PCT/FI2020/050618 WO2021064285A1 (en) | 2019-10-01 | 2020-09-23 | Shooting target |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20195836A FI129366B (fi) | 2019-10-01 | 2019-10-01 | Ampumamaali |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI20195836A1 FI20195836A1 (fi) | 2021-04-02 |
| FI129366B true FI129366B (fi) | 2021-12-31 |
Family
ID=72744779
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20195836A FI129366B (fi) | 2019-10-01 | 2019-10-01 | Ampumamaali |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FI (1) | FI129366B (fi) |
| WO (1) | WO2021064285A1 (fi) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4623150A (en) * | 1982-06-18 | 1986-11-18 | Reagent Chemical And Research, Inc. | Environmentally acceptable frangible target compositions |
| US5915695A (en) * | 1998-01-14 | 1999-06-29 | Bio-Target Of America, Inc. | Biodegradable target |
| SE525700C2 (sv) * | 2003-05-07 | 2005-04-05 | Robert Andersson | Målobjekt vid skytte |
-
2019
- 2019-10-01 FI FI20195836A patent/FI129366B/fi active IP Right Grant
-
2020
- 2020-09-23 WO PCT/FI2020/050618 patent/WO2021064285A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI20195836A1 (fi) | 2021-04-02 |
| WO2021064285A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
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