FI128201B - Structure for an opening or a duct, and method for obstructing flow through an opening or a duct with the aid of the structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a structure (10) for an aperture (100) or duct (102) comprising: - a frame structure (12) fitted to the aperture (100) or a duct (102); 14) by an expandable barrier means (16), - actuator (18) for initiating sealing of the flow barrier structure (14), - trigger (25) for actuator (18) to be selected, - pressurized container (20) for barrier material (16), - valve (22) ) connected to said pressurized container (20) and adapted for use with an actuator (18), and - an inlet channel (24) comprising discharge openings (26) and adapted to extend in connection with ) on the surfaces of the flow barrier structure (14) when the selected criterion is met. The invention also relates to a method for preventing flow through an opening (100) or channel (102) by means of the structure (10).

Description

STRUCTURE FOR OPENING OR DUCTING AND METHOD TO PREVENT FLOWING OR DUCTING PASSAGE BY STRUCTURE

The invention relates to a structure for an aperture or duct comprising:

- a frame structure adapted to be tightly mounted in the opening or duct at the point of use,

- a fluid flow impermeable flow barrier structure fitted within the frame structure to interrupt fluid flow when the criterion is met by sealing the flow barrier structure with a fluid impermeable barrier material,

- an actuator fitted to the frame structure to initiate sealing of the flow barrier structure,

- a trigger fitted to the actuator for actuation of the actuator by the selected criterion.

The invention also relates to a method of preventing an opening or passage through a structure by means of a structure.

Isolation of premises is very important to prevent the spread of harmful substances, for example in the event of fire or leakage. There are various partitions for insulation, such as fire dampers used in connection with vents and ventilation ducts. For example, in oil drilling workshops and in the chemical industry, closing ducts and openings in the event of a fire or leak is paramount and the insulation should be 100%. Constructions limiting the flow of fluids to openings and ducts and closing the opening or duct in the event of a fire or leak may be referred to as a structure. In normal use, they may be designed to control, for example, the airflow in the ventilation duct, but in the event of a fire or leak, close the ventilation duct, isolating the fire or leak from other areas of the room.

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One such structure for preventing flow is disclosed in US 5,782,690. In the publication, the structure includes a frame structure which is closely matched to the opening size or duct in the application. The frame structure includes a plurality of lamellae or slats which form a control structure for limiting the flow of fluid and which, if necessary, seal the frame structure. In addition, the slats include a layer of barrier material which, in the event of a fire, swells to seal the frame structure of the slats. The problem with such a structure, however, is its poor sealing and fire resistance, since the coated slats contain little barrier material and the adjustment structure may not be completely sealed. In general, current structures to prevent flow are not leak-proof, but allow a flow of at least 5 1 / s / m ² .

The object of the invention is to provide a more secure sealing and insulating structure for the opening or duct to prevent flow. Characteristic features of the present invention are apparent from the appended claim 1.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a more secure method than the prior art for preventing a flow through an opening or duct by means of a structure. Characteristic features of this invention are apparent from the appended claim 25 13.

The object of the structure of the invention can be achieved by a structure for an aperture or duct, which includes a frame structure adapted to be mounted in the aperture 30 or duct in the application, and

20185920 prh 31 -10- 2018 with blocking agent. In addition, the structure includes an actuator fitted to the frame structure to initiate sealing of the flow barrier structure, a trigger fitted to the actuator for operating the actuator with a selected criterion, and a pressurized container for the blocking agent fitted to the frame structure. The structure further comprises a valve combined with a pressurized container and adapted to be used with said actuator for releasing a flow of blocking agent from the pressurized container, and an inlet duct engaging outlet openings connected to the container and adapted to protrude from the flow barrier

With the structure according to the invention, the sealing of the frame structure in case of fire or leakage can be ensured by applying to the surfaces of the flow barrier structure a sufficient amount of expanding barrier material. While in the reservoir, the barrier agent is not susceptible to undesirable purities or chemical reactions if the flow of fluid through the frame structure can cause such. In addition, the barrier agent in liquid form may be stored in a small volume in the container from which it can be discharged into the barrier structure when the selected criterion is met. Upon contacting with gases, liquids, moisture and / or heat radiation, the liquid barrier expands to form a dense structure. In the structure of the invention, the flow barrier structure may normally be more fluid when the flow barrier structure is not coated with the barrier material but is contained in the container until needed. On the other hand, if the required fire resistance class or insulation class is changed, the fire resistance class of the structure can be changed by removing the tank and replacing the barrier agent in the tank, or both

20185920 prh 31 -10- 2018 blocking agent, if required pressure level or required blocking agent change. The structure of the invention can prevent a fire or leak from spreading through a hole or duct over a wider area.

According to one embodiment, the flow barrier structure comprises planar slats between which the barrier material is arranged to be fed through a feed channel. The slats have a large surface area, whereby the barrier material to be fed between them grasps the slats 10, thereby blocking the frame structure.

The slats may be fixed to a pivotable frame structure and pivotable in the event of fire or leakage to close the flow barrier structure to substantially or completely block the flow of medium. By means of the rotatable slats, the open cross-sectional area of the frame structure can be closed completely or at least mainly by the slats, whereby the slats also form a fire or leak proof structure.

Preferably, the slats are hollow structures that are open at the sides to allow flow. Since the slats must be large enough to control the amount of fluid flow through the aperture or duct by rotating the slats transversely or obliquely to the direction of fluid flow, the slats must also have sufficient rigidity. Due to the hollow honeycomb structure, the required stiffness can be achieved using rather thin structures, which makes the structure lighter. At the same time, the hollow slats allow less pressure loss due to their open sides, through which the fluid 30 flows through the slats with the slats completely in the flow direction and the flow of the blocking agent from one slat to another with the slats closed.

Preferably, the slats are arranged in a frame structure such that the hollow slats are pivotable in parallel to form a uniform space within the slats for the barrier agent. Thus, the blocking agent can be fed from a feed channel located outside the frame structure through the frame structure into a space formed by the slats where it can expand through the slats in the direction of the frame structure, forming a planar barrier layer in the direction of the frame.

Alternatively, the slats may be partially closed, leaving each slat with only space for the barrier material adjacent to the edges of the slats. Such a solution works in the case of smaller-sized slats, but requires an outlet for each slat in the feed channel, unlike an embodiment using completely hollow slats.

In addition to opening the valve, the actuator may be adapted to rotate the slats. In this case, the structure can be implemented in a smaller amount and thus the most advantageous and lighter.

According to another embodiment, the flow barrier structure comprises 2 to 15 pieces, preferably 2 pieces of nets spaced parallel to the plane of the frame structure, at least one of which is provided with a feed channel for feeding the barrier material between the nets to seal the flow barrier structure. Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous to implement, since the flow prevention structure is formed by simple nets only. The structure according to this embodiment does not actually control the flow of the medium, but the flow blocking only occurs when the blocking agent to be fed in the event of a fire or leakage completely seals the frame structure. The structure of such an embodiment is particularly suitable for use in ducts with a maximum diameter of 0.5 m, while a slat solution is preferable for larger ones.

The distance between the nets may be 10 - 50 mm. In this case, the layer thickness of the barrier material applied between the nets is large enough to effectively seal the flow barrier structure.

Preferably, the mesh number of the network is 5-10. In this case, the mesh is sparse enough to allow fluid flow through, but on the other hand dense enough to hold the barrier material between the nets until the barrier material reaches the desired state.

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The feed channel may be arranged between the nets such that there is one net in the direction of fluid flow, and at least one net in the flow direction of the medium downstream of the feed channel for binding the blocking agent to the control structure. The barrier then expands between the two networks closest to the space to be isolated.

According to one embodiment, the structure comprises three nets disposed so that there is one net in the direction of fluid passage and at least two nets in the flow direction of the medium downstream of the feed passage to bind the blocking agent to the control structure. The two nets hold the barrier better and prevent it from coming through under pressure due to pressure.

Preferably, the trigger is a heat release mechanical fire fuse. The mechanical fire fuse is reliable and does not need electricity to operate, but releases the actuator to operate immediately when the temperature is high enough.

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According to another embodiment, the actuator is a spring. The spring, in turn, is a reliable actuator, and preferably when the fire fuse acting as a trigger is released by the heat of the spring, the spring automatically opens the valve and releases the blocking agent to the supply channel and thereby to the control structure surfaces. Such an embodiment is suitable for use in the construction of fire insulation. The term actuator as used herein includes mechanical actuators such as springs and pressure accumulators, but also various electric or hydraulic motors that can be used to operate the valve.

According to one embodiment, each discharge aperture includes a nozzle for applying an inert blocking agent to the surfaces of the control structure. By means of the nozzle, the barrier agent can be applied over a larger surface area compared to a discharge port which does not have nozzle-like properties.

The barrier agent may be a 1 or 2 component mass which, upon reaction with gases, liquids, humidity and / or heat radiation, becomes a compact, closed cell structure. The choice of mass depends on the fire resistance required and whether or not a fire or leak is to be spread to the surrounding area.

According to one embodiment, the trigger is a temperature sensor. With the help of a temperature sensor it is possible to detect a fire by increasing the temperature.

In another embodiment, the trigger is a gas analyzer. The gas analyzer can detect gas leaks 30 and use the structure in the event of gas leaks.

According to a third embodiment, the trigger is a radiation meter. In this way, the structure can be used in conjunction with radioactive materials such as a nuclear power plant.

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The object of the method according to the invention can be achieved by a method of preventing flow through an opening or duct by means of a structure in which the structure is tightly mounted on the opening or duct at the site of use and comprises a frame structure and a flow prevention structure. The method monitors a selected magnitude by a trigger to detect fulfillment of a selected criterion, controlling the actuator by a trigger when the selected criterion is met, releasing the actuator stored in the pressure reservoir to the inlet duct connected to the reservoir, and supplying the inhibitory agent This prevents the flow of medium through the flow barrier structure by sealing the frame structure with the flow barrier structure and barrier material. The method according to the invention can be used to ensure complete sealing of the structure and thereby complete blocking of the flow of medium.

According to one embodiment, the selected criterion is a temperature greater than 50 ° C. Such a criterion is well suited to the detection of fires.

According to another embodiment, the selected criterion is the concentration of the selected 25 gases in the air above 100 ppm. The gas concentration criterion is applicable for the detection of gas leaks.

Preferably, the barrier agent is adapted to form a dense structure on the surface of the barrier structure upon reaching the desired state.

Preferably, the method uses a spring as actuator and a mechanical fire fuse as a trigger. In this case the method can be used without electricity and the method is very reliable.

Preferably, the flow barrier structure comprises diphenylmethane diisocyanate, isomers and homologues as the barrier barrier.

According to another embodiment, when the flow barrier structure is a network comprising entity, 2,2-bis (bromomethyl) propane-1,3-diol and / or polymethyl polyphenyl isocyanate is used as the barrier agent.

The structure of the invention is suitable for use in, for example, oil rigs and the chemical industry, but also in other applications where a high degree of structural insulating capacity is required in the event of fire or leakage.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

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Fig. 1a shows a flow barrier structure closed when viewed in the direction of a medium flow of an embodiment of the embodiment according to the invention,

Figure Ib shows an embodiment of an embodiment of the structure of the invention, viewed in the direction of the flow of the fluid, with the flow barrier structure open,

Fig. 2a is an axonometric partial sectional view of an embodiment of the structure of the invention, viewed in the direction of the flow of the fluid, with the anti-flow structure closed ίο

Picture 2b represents axonometric partial section an illustration of an anti-flow structure opened when viewed in the direction of the fluid flow of an embodiment of the structure of the invention, 5 Picture 3 partially axially sectional view of another embodiment of the structure according to the invention viewed in the direction of the medium flow, 10 Picture 4a a side elevational view of another embodiment of the structure of the invention when viewed parallel to the plane of the frame structure fixed to the duct, 15 Picture 4b a side elevational view showing another embodiment of the structure according to the invention as viewed parallel to the plane of the frame structure when attached to the duct when the blocking agent has filled the space for the blocking agent, 20 Picture 5 is a side elevational view of a second embodiment of the structure of the invention as viewed parallel to the plane of the frame structure and attached to the opening.

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Figures 1a - 2b show the first 10 embodiments of the structure according to the invention and Figures 3-5 the second embodiment. In all embodiments, the structure 10 of the invention includes a frame structure 12, a flow barrier structure 14 fitted within the frame structure 12, a pressurized container 20 for the barrier material, an inlet conduit 24 for supplying the barrier material to the flow barrier structure 14, a valve 22

20 and supply channel 24, actuator 18 for actuating valve 22 and actuator 25 for controlling actuator 18 when the selected criterion is met. The first and second embodiments of the invention differ with respect to the flow prevention structure 14.

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The structure 10 according to the invention can be fitted, for example, as shown in Figures 4a, in the ventilation duct 102, i.e. the ventilation duct, so that the frame structure 12 is sealed against the inner surface of the duct 102, Correspondingly, according to Fig. 5, the structure 10 according to the invention can also be fitted, for example, to the wall ventilation opening 100, whereby the structure 10 according to the invention is sealed to the inner edges of the mast opening 100, e.g.

Between the frame structure 12 and the wall 104, a separate mounting frame 106 can be used to which the frame structure 12 is attached. The frame structure may be, for example, a fire-resistant structure made essentially of a metal profile, which forms a closed frame. The frame structure is dimensioned according to the intended use and the dimension of one side of the frame structure can vary from 0.01 to 2.0 m, preferably 0.1 to 1.2 m.

The depth of the frame structure in the longitudinal direction of the ventilation duct or, in other words, in the direction of flow of fluid through the orifice or duct may be 0.01-0.8 m, preferably 0.05 m

The frame structure 12 can be secured in the application to the opening 100 as shown in Figure 5 or flanges 50, preferably in flanges 50, bolts 60 and nuts 62 in the flange 50, preferably via flanges 50 in Figs. of its frame structure using, for example, a mass that is injected or cast between the frame structure and the orifice.

A flow prevention structure 14 is provided inside the frame structure 12, as illustrated in Figures 5 to 30, to prevent fluid flow through the frame structure 12 in the event of fire or leakage. To achieve this effect, a pressurized container 20 is provided in all embodiments for containing the gases, liquids, moisture,

20185920 prh 31 -10-2018 and / or reacting with expanding blocking agent in response to thermal radiation. The reservoir 20 has an inlet duct 24 through which the blocking agent is discharged to the flow barrier structure 14 in the event of a fire or leak, that is to say, the criterion of fire or leakage is met. The crystal may be, for example, a sufficiently high gas concentration or temperature. Between supply channel 24 and container 20 is a valve 22 shown in Figures 4a to 5, which opening allows discharge of barrier 16 from pressurized container 20 through supply channel 24 to outlet port 26 to control structure 14. In the flow prevention structure 14, the barrier expands with thermal radiation, while gripping the surfaces of the flow prevention structure 14 and the frame structure 12, sealing the medium of the frame structure 12 to be impermeable. In other words, the es15 material is contained in a tank in liquid form and when introduced from the feed piping to the surface of the control structure, the barrier reacts with gases, liquids, moisture and / or heat radiation and eventually expands to form a tight structure to prevent flow through the frame structure. Preferably, the barrier agent reacts with oxygen.

4a to 5, actuator 18 opens the valve 22 in the event of a fire or leak. The actuator 18 may be, for example, a spring 54, preferably a helical spring 25, locked in its tensioned state by a thermal fuse 56 acting as a trigger 25. When the thermal fuse melts due to the heat caused by the fire, the spring is released and the force contained in the spring opens the valve, releasing the blocking agent from the reservoir 20 to the supply duct 24. The actuator may also be triggered by a sensor 30 commanding the actuator electrically. Such a valve to be attached to the container may be, for example, a ball valve or the like, the spindle being actuated by an actuator.

The volume of the container depends on the size of the structure, but for example in a structure with a frame structure of 100x100 mm, the volume of the container is 0.3 1. The volume required of the container is also influenced by the material used. The required volume of the tank and the amount of barrier material to be used therewith also depends on the fire class required for the structure. The fire classes are, for example, fire classes AO, A30 and A60, where in class AO the tank volume of 10 barrier agents, diphenylmethane diisocyanate + isomers and homologues, when used, may be 7 liters per square meter in a fluted barrier structure. The pressure of the barrier material in the container, in turn, depends on the barrier material used, the flow resistance of the supply channel and the fire or insulation class of the structure. For example, in a non-rigid structure with a frame structure of 100 x 100 mm cross-section, the container pressure may be 7 bar if the barrier agent is 2,2-bis (bromomethyl) propane-1,3-diol; polymethyl polyphenyl isocyanate, feed channel length <0.5m and selected fire class 20 AO.

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The feed duct 24 of structure 10 according to the invention may be, for example, stainless or acid-proof steel piping, which, as shown in Figs. 4a to 5, is secured to the tank 20 via valve 22. Depending on the embodiment, the feed channel 24 may be a single continuous feed pipe 44 into which the discharge openings 26 are formed, or a plurality of branch feed pipes, as shown in Figs. According to Figures 4a-5, the discharge openings preferably include nozzles 58 for applying a blocking agent in the form of a fan jet. At the same time es

20185920 prh 31 -10-2018 the substance spreads to a smaller droplet size, which facilitates the barrier expansion. The nozzle may also be a separate structure for attaching to the discharge opening, for example, by means of a thread.

In the first embodiment, the flow prevention structure 14 consists of hollow slats 28. The slats may also be referred to as a lamella. The slats 28 may be attached to the frame structure 12 at intervals d by means of shafts 42.

The slats 28 are then pivotable about their axes 42 by means of the actuator 18 of the structure 10. For example, the actuator may be a helical spring which, upon release, could rotate the shafts 42 of the slats 28 through the chain 38 or other transmission means. Regardless of the embodiment, the actuator 18 rotates all the slats 28 at the same time.

The pivotability of the slats 28 is significant because the slats 28 can be pivoted in parallel so that, when hollow and open, they form a uniform space 36 for the blocking agent.

The slats 28 may be, for example, structures made of sheet metal, with spacers 40 disposed between the sheets, which bind the sheet to one another while stiffening them. The spacers 40 may be, for example, pieces of U-shaped cross-section arranged perpendicularly between two thin plates perpendicular to the axis 42 of the slats 25.

The slats 28 can then be made of a rather thin material, such as 0.3 to 1.5 mm steel plate. Preferably, the width of the slats is up to 20 cm so that the force required to rotate a single slat is not increased too much. In this case, the material used in the slats can also be quite thin and light. As the dimensions of the structure increase, more slats can be used in parallel so that the slats, when turned parallel to the plane of the frame structure, provide space for the barrier material. The distance between the slats 28, i.e. the spacing d, is determined by the width of the slats 28 such that each slider 28 is in contact with the plane 12 of the frame structure as shown in Figures 1a and 2a or less than 2.5mm from the adjacent the barrier substance cannot escape too much from the space.

In the first embodiment of Figs. 1a - 2b, the anti-deflection structure 14 can also be used to adjust the flow rate of the medium through the orifice or channel by rotating the slats to a desired position between a fully open and a fully closed position. This allows the medium flow to be adjusted under normal operating conditions where the selected trigger criterion 15 is not met and no fire or leakage is detected.

Alternatively, the slats may be partially enclosed, so that only the sides parallel to the axes of the slats provide space for the blocking agent. In this embodiment, the blocking agent is supplied to each slat through its own outlet to seal the slats together.

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In a first embodiment of the invention, the frame structure 12 preferably includes openings 46 to which the discharge openings 25 26 of the feed channel 24 are connected to allow the delivery of a blocking agent through the frame structure 12. In this case, the feed channel 24 can be located outside the frame structure 12, whereby it does not disturb the fluid flow through the frame structure and thus does not cause pressure loss. In a fire situation, the actuator 18 rotates the slats 28 inside the frame structure 12 parallel to the plane of the frame structure 12, whereby the slats 28 form a continuous and continuous space 36 for the barrier material. The openings in the frame structure 12 are arranged to be fed through the frame structure 12

20185920 prh 31 -10-2018, the blocking agent is fed into the slats 28 into a space 36 where it can expand, eventually filling the space completely.

According to another embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 3-5, the flow prevention structure 14 is a structure consisting of 2 to 15 nets 32. Such an anti-flow structure cannot actively control the amount of fluid flow through the aperture or duct, but in this case the control has only two options, open or fully sealed. In another embodiment, the feed channel 24 preferably comprises one or more feed pipes 44 (shown in Figure 3). The feed channel 24 may be located outside the frame structure 12 as shown in Figures 3-5, or it may also be located inside the frame structure between the networks. The discharge openings 26 15 of the feed channel 24 are formed in the feed pipes 44. By placing a plurality of feed pipes inside the frame structure, a rapid application of the blocking agent is achieved and, on the other hand, the blocking agent can be distributed evenly over the network. The barrier does not support the barrier during expansion as well as the closed structure of the slats, which in turn contributes to the barrier expanding in the direction where the barrier does not yet exist. Thus, with the slats, the blocking agent can be fed directly through the frame structure without introducing feed tubes into the frame structure. On the other hand, in another embodiment using nets 32, an inlet channel 24 may also be used which comprises a plurality of nozzles 58 guided through the frame structure 12 for uniformly feeding the blocking agent 16 between the nets 32 as shown in Figures 4a to 5.

Preferably, the feed pipes 44 are located in the direction of the medium flow after the first net 32, and after the feed pipes 44 there are preferably at least one, preferably two nets 32, which serve to ensure the blocking agent to be fed between the nets 32.

Although Figures 3-5 illustrate the use of only two nets, it should be understood that in highly demanding applications for fire or radiation suppression, feed ducts may be spaced several successive mesh spacings to provide a thicker barrier layer.

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In the event of a fire or leakage, the actuator 18 opens the valve 22 of the container 20, whereupon the blocking agent passes from the container 20 into the feed pipes 44 of the feed channel 10 and discharges from the discharge openings 26 therein into the frame structure 12. Networks 32 between the barrier material 16 will expand and fill the space 32 between the second network 48, and thus the frame assembly 12 to the inside of the frame structure 12 for sealing. Fig. 4a shows a situation 15 where the structure 10 is in normal operation with the barrier 16 in a pressurized container 20. Fig. 4b shows a situation where the barrier 16 is released from the container along the feed channel 24 between the nets 32 where it has formed a solid structure for blocking the frame structure 12.

For example, the mesh may be a mesh with 3x3 mm slits forming a lattice structure for the barrier material. The grid structure prevents the blocking agent from spreading through the mesh, as the blocking agent expands against the surfaces of the grid structure, gluing in place.

The barrier agent used in the structure of the invention may be

A 1 or 2 component reacting extensively with gases, liquids, moisture and / or heat radiation. Of these, the 1-component barrier expands more slowly, while the 230-component barrier expands faster than the 1-component. The barrier agent may be, for example, fire-break foam. When the mesh structure is used as the flow barrier structure of the structure of the invention, the barrier agent must be more responsive and expandable to prevent the barrier material from leaking through the meshes. When using a structure to prevent gas leaks, a closed-celled PU foam can be used as the barrier agent, which forms a particularly dense layer upon drying. In the case of radiation protection, the material and slats may contain lead or other high-density medium, thus preventing the propagation of radiation.

Claims (15)

A structure (10) for an opening (100) or channel (102), comprising - a frame structure (12) arranged to be mounted tightly in the opening (100) or channel (102) for the purpose of use, a flow barrier construction (14) which permits a medium flow arranged in said frame structure (12) to break the medium flow when a selected criterion is met by sealing the flow barrier structure (14) so that it does not pass through a medium by means of an expanding barrier means (16) ) - an actuator (18) arranged in connection with the frame structure (12) to start the sealing of the flow barrier structure (14), - a trigger (25) arranged in conjunction with the actuator (18) for driving the actuator (18) by the selected criterion, characterized in that the construction further comprises - a pressurized container (20) for blocking means (16) arranged in connection with the frame structure (12), - a valve (22) connected to said pressurized container (20) and arranged to be used with said actuator (18) to release the detergent flow from the pressurized container (20), and a supply channel (24) comprising discharge openings (26) joined to said container (20) and arranged to extend in conjunction with the flow barrier structure (14) to move the blocking means (16) in the pressurized container (20) from the pressurized container (20). ) to the surfaces of the flow barrier construction (14) when a selected criterion is met. 20185920 prh 25 -09- 2019 Construction according to claim 1, characterized in that said flow barrier construction (14) comprises flat slots (28), between which said blocking means (16) are arranged to be supplied along the supply channel (24). 3. A construction as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said slats (28) are pivotally attached to the frame structure (12) and can be pivoted when a selected criterion is met to close the flow barrier structure (14) so as to substantially lock the 10 gene or completely block the medium flow. 4. A construction according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said slats (28) are hollow structures, which are open at their sides to enable throughput. 5. A construction according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that said actuator (18) is arranged in addition to opening said valve (22) for swinging the valves (28). 6. A construction according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that said slats (28) are arranged in the frame structure (12), so that the hollow slats (28) can be pivoted in parallel to form a uniform space (36) for the locking means. (16), which space is formed within the slats (28). The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that said flow blocking structure (14) comprises 2-15 pieces, preferably 2 pieces of mesh (32) arranged in parallel. And with the plane of the frame structure (12) at a distance (d) from each other, of which is arranged interspersedly said supply channel (24) for supply of blocking means (16) between the networks (32) for sealing the flow barrier structure (14). 20185920 prh 25 -09- 2019 Construction according to claim 7, characterized in that said supply channel (24) is arranged between the networks (32), so that in the direction of travel of the medium before the supply channel (24) there is a network (32) and after the supply channel (24) in In the flow direction of the medium, there is at least one, preferably two nets (32) for binding the blocking means (16) in the flow blocking structure (14). The construction according to any one of claims 1-8, Characterized in that said actuator (18) is a spring (54). 10. A structure according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that each of said discharge apertures (26) 15 comprises a nozzle (58) for applying the barrier means (16) to be applied to the surfaces of the flow barrier structure (14). The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said trigger (25) is one of the heat openings. 20 mechanical fire protection. Construction according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said trigger (25) is a gas analyzer. 25 A method for blocking a flow which passes through an opening (100) or channel (102) by means of a structure (10), the structure (10) being mounted tightly in the opening (100) or channel (102) for the purpose of use. and comprises a frame structure (12) and a flow barrier structure (14) disposed within the frame structure (12), in which method - a selected quantity is observed using the trigger (25) to observe if a selected criterion is met, - when said criterion is met, an actuator (18) is controlled by means of the trigger (25), - the flow of medium through the inventive structure (10) is blocked by sealing the frame structure (12) 5 by means of the flow barrier structure (14) and the blocking means (16), characterized in that in the method further - released by means of the actuator (18) the blocking means (16) stored in a pressurized container (20) to a supply channel (24) connected to the container (20), 10 - the blocking means (16) is applied in connection with the flow blocking structure (14) for sealing the frame structure (12) to block the medium flow. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that said selected criterion is temperature higher than 50 ° C. Process according to claim 13, characterized in that said selected criterion is the content of a selected gas in air above 100 ppm.