FI126207B - A method and apparatus for stabilizing and optimizing a vacuum in a vacuum process - Google Patents

A method and apparatus for stabilizing and optimizing a vacuum in a vacuum process Download PDF

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Publication number
FI126207B
FI126207B FI20145875A FI20145875A FI126207B FI 126207 B FI126207 B FI 126207B FI 20145875 A FI20145875 A FI 20145875A FI 20145875 A FI20145875 A FI 20145875A FI 126207 B FI126207 B FI 126207B
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FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
vacuum
vacuum pump
pump device
forming
formation
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Application number
FI20145875A
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Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
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FI20145875A (en
Inventor
Vesa Karvonen
Jero Ahola
Antti Häkkinen
Original Assignee
Lappeenrannan Teknillinen Yliopisto
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Priority to FI20145875A priority Critical patent/FI126207B/en
Priority to PCT/FI2015/050666 priority patent/WO2016055698A1/en
Publication of FI20145875A publication Critical patent/FI20145875A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI126207B publication Critical patent/FI126207B/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D43/00—Separating particles from liquids, or liquids from solids, otherwise than by sedimentation or filtration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
    • G05D16/20—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D16/2006—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means
    • G05D16/2066—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using controlling means acting on the pressure source
    • G05D16/2073—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using controlling means acting on the pressure source with a plurality of pressure sources
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/14—Pressure control

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STABILIZING AND OPTIMIZING A VACUUM IN A VACUUM PROCESS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method defined in the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus defined in the preamble of claim 7 for stabilizing and optimizing a vacuum and a use defined in the preamble of claim 12 .
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is known from the prior art that a vacuum can be formed by different vacuum pumps in vacuum processes .
Further, it is known that a barometric leg can be used to form a vacuum.
OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION
The objective of the invention is to disclose a new type method and apparatus for forming a vacuum. Further, the objective of the invention is to disclose a method and apparatus for optimizing a vacuum forming. Further, the objective of the invention is to disclose a method and apparatus for stabilizing a vacuum forming. Further, the objective of the invention is to disclose a method and apparatus for optimizing and/or stabilizing vacuum in separation processes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The method and apparatus according to the invention is characterized by what has been presented in the claims .
The invention is based on a method for forming vacuum, preferably for optimizing and/or stabilizing vacuum, in a vacuum process. According to the invention, the method comprises - determining a vacuum level, - forming vacuum by means of a barometric leg in the first place, and - forming vacuum secondary by means of a vacuum pump device, and - controlling the forming of the vacuum by means of the combination of the barometric leg and vacuum pump device so that the vacuum is adjusted to predetermined level and the vacuum is firstly formed by means of the barometric leg and the vacuum is completed to the predetermined level by means of the vacuum pump device and the vacuum pump device is controlled by means of a freguency converter .
Further, the invention is based on an apparatus for forming vacuum, preferably for optimizing and/or stabilizing vacuum, in a vacuum process. According to the invention, the apparatus comprises - at least one barometric leg for forming vacuum in the first place, and - at least one vacuum pump device for forming vacuum secondary, and - the vacuum forming is arranged by means of the barometric leg and vacuum pump device, and - a frequency converter for controlling the vacuum pump device, and - at least one controlling device for controlling the forming of the vacuum by means of the combination of the barometric leg and vacuum pump device, preferably so that the vacuum is adjusted to predetermined level and the vacuum is firstly formed by means of the barometric leg and the vacuum is completed to the predetermined level by means of the vacuum pump device and the vacuum pump device is controlled by means of a freguency converter .
Preferably, the vacuum is formed by means of the combination of the barometric leg and vacuum pump device. The forming of the vacuum can be optimized by means of the invention, preferably by means of the combination of the barometric leg and the vacuum pump device. The forming of the vacuum can be optimized in regard to a process, process conditions, capacity of the process and/or efficiency of the process. In one embodiment, the forming of the vacuum can be optimized in order to maximize capacity of the process and/or efficiency of the process. The stabilized and optimized vacuum can be formed by means of the invention.
In this context, a barometric leg may refer to any barometric leg.
In this context, a vacuum pump device may refer to any vacuum pump, pump device or the like. Any vacuum pump known per se can be used as a vacuum pump device in this invention.
In one embodiment, the vacuum pump device is selected from the group consisting of a vacuum pump, a high speed vacuum pump, and their combinations, preferably any vacuum pump, e.g. screw compressor. Preferably, in the invention there are used such vacuum pump devices in which rotation speed can be adjusted.
In one embodiment, the vacuum pump device is controlled by adjusting rotation speed. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises at least one rotation speed adjustment device. The vacuum pump device is controlled by means of a frequency converter. The apparatus comprises a frequency converter for controlling the vacuum pump device.
In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises more than one vacuum pump device. The vacuum pump devices can be arranged sequentially or in parallel. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises more than one barometric leg. The barometric legs can be arranged sequentially or in parallel. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises one or more than one rotation speed adjustment device.
In one embodiment, the barometric leg and vacuum pump device have been arranged sequentially. In one embodiment, the barometric leg and vacuum pump device have been arranged in parallel.
In one embodiment, the vacuum level is determined before the forming of the vacuum. In one embodiment, the required vacuum level is typically between 0.1 to 0.4 bar (abs.), preferably 0.2 to 0.3 bar (abs). In one embodiment, the desired vacuum level is determined by means of a Leaf-tester or similar device in the solid/liquid separation applications.
In one embodiment, the forming of the vacuum is completed by the vacuum pump device. Preferably, the vacuum is firstly formed by means of the barometric leg and the vacuum is completed to predetermined level by the vacuum pump device. In one embodiment, the controlling device has been arranged to control the forming the vacuum so that the vacuum is firstly formed by means of the barometric leg and the vacuum is completed to predetermined level by the vacuum pump device. In one embodiment, the forming of the vacuum is controlled by adjusting the combination of the barometric leg and the vacuum pump device, preferably the relation between the barometric leg and the vacuum pump device. By means of the combination of the the barometric leg and the vacuum pump device the vacuum can be optimized in a vacuum process. By means of the combination of the the barometric leg and the vacuum pump device the vacuum stability can be improved in a vacuum process .
In one embodiment, the forming of the vacuum is controlled in a real time. In one embodiment, the controlling device has been arranged to control the forming of the vacuum in a real time. In one embodiment, the controlling of the vacuum is based on fast pressure measurement to ensure stability in vacuum conditions. In one embodiment, the controlling of the vacuum is based on fast pressure measurement and simultaneously fast adjustment of the rotation speed in connection with the vacuum pump device in order to ensure stability in vacuum conditions. Preferably, stabilized and optimized vacuum level can be formed by means of the combination of the the barometric leg and the vacuum pump device and the fast control engineering which responds fastly.
In one embodiment, the forming of the vacuum is controlled by measuring or monitoring at least one process parameter, e.g. energy consumption, power demand or filtration process performance, preferably in the real time. In one embodiment, energy consumption is monitored during the forming of the vacuum. In one embodiment, power demand is monitored during the forming of the vacuum. In one embodiment, filtration process performance is monitored during the forming of the vacuum .
Preferably, a potential energy is changed to a kinetic energy by means of the barometric leg.
In one embodiment, the barometric leg and the vacuum device pump have been connected with a treatment device, preferably with a separation device, such as with a filtration device. In one embodiment, the barometric leg has been connected with a treatment device, preferably with a separation device, such as with a filtration device. In one embodiment, the barometric leg has been connected with the treatment device by means of a vacuum head. In one embodiment, a filtrate is used to produce vacuum in the barometric leg.
In this context, a treatment device may refer to any treatment device of material in which vacuum is used. In one embodiment, the treatment device has been arranged to treat material which may be selected from the group comprising biomass, minerals and other materials .
Preferably, the method is used in a process in which vacuum is used or is needed. In one embodiment, the method is used in a separation process, such as in a solid/liquid separation process. In one embodiment, the method is used in a filtration process.
In one embodiment, the method and apparatus of the invention is used to optimize energy consumption or power demand of the vacuum pump device in a treatment process, such as in a solid/liquid separation process. In one embodiment, the method and apparatus of the invention is utilized in the solid/liquid separation process controlling by monitoring energy consumption or power demand of the vacuum pump device. In one embodiment, the method and apparatus of the invention is used to determine condition of a filter, e.g. by means of power consumption of a frequency converter and/or rotation speed of a filtration device.
The method and apparatus according to the present invention may be used in all industrial vacuum applications .
The invention provides the advantage that desired and stabilized vacuum level can be formed easily and cost-effectively and energy-effectively. By means of the invention high vacuum can be formed easily. The present invention provides an industrially applicable, simple and affordable way of producing vacuum in a vacuum process. The method and apparatus of the present invention is easy and simple to realize as an industrial process.
Further, thanks to the invention dry content can be improved in filtration processes. Further, a filtrate can be utilized in the forming of the vacuum in connection with a barometric leg.
LIST OF FIGURES
In the following section, the invention will be described with the aid of detailed exemplary embodiment, referring to the accompanying figure wherein
Fig. 1 presents one embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Fig. 1 presents the apparatus according to the invention for forming stabilized vacuum. The apparatus comprises one barometric leg (1) for forming vacuum in the first place. Further, the apparatus comprises one vacuum pump device (2) for forming vacuum secondary. The barometric leg (1) and vacuum pump device (2) have been joined together. The apparatus comprises a frequency converter (4) for controlling the vacuum pump device (2).
Further, the apparatus comprises one controlling device (3) for controlling the forming of the vacuum so that the vacuum is adjusted to predetermined level by means of the combination of the barometric leg (1) and vacuum pump device (2) . The controlling device (3) has been arranged to control the forming the vacuum so that the vacuum is firstly formed by means of the barometric leg and the vacuum is completed to predetermined level by the vacuum pump device. The controlling device has been arranged to control the forming of the vacuum in a real time. The controlling of the vacuum is based on fast pressure measurement and simultaneously fast adjustment of the rotation speed in connection with the vacuum pump device by means of the frequency converter to ensure optimized vacuum level and stability in vacuum level. Further, the vac- uum is controlled by measuring at least one process parameter, such as energy consumption, power demand or filtration process performance, in the real time.
The barometric leg (1) and the vacuum pump device (2) have been connected with a treatment device (5). The barometric leg (1) has been connected with the treatment device (5) by means of a vacuum head (not shown in Fig. 1). The treatment device is a filtration device (5) used in a solid/liquid separation process. A material (6) is fed into the filtration device (5) in which the material is treated, and a product (7) is discharged out from the device. A filtrate can be utilized to form vacuum in the barometric leg. The filtration device (5) may be any filtration device, e.g. drum filter, rotary filter, disc filter or any other solid/liquid vacuum driven separation device or their combination, which is known per se and it is not described in any more detail in this context.
The method and apparatus according to the invention are suitable in different embodiments for forming a desired vacuum or a vacuum level and for optimizing a vacuum.
The invention is not limited merely to the examples referred to above; instead many variations are possible within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the claims.

Claims (14)

1. Menetelmä vakuumin stabiloimiseksi ja optimoimiseksi vakuumiprosessissa, tunnettu siitä, että menetelmä käsittää vaiheet - määritetään vakuumitaso; - muodostetaan vakuumi ensisijaisesti imujalan (1) avulla; - muodostetaan vakuumi toissijaisesti vakuumipump-pulaitteen (2) avulla; ja - ohjataan vakuumin muodostusta imujalan (1) ja va-kuumipumppulaitteen (2) kombinaation avulla niin, että vakuumi säädetään ennalta määrätylle tasolle ja vakuumi muodostetaan ensisijaisesti imujalan avulla ja vakuumi täydennetään ennalta määrätylle tasolle vakuumipumppulaitteen avulla ja vakuumi-pumppulaitetta ohjataan taajuudenmuuttajän (4) avulla.A method for stabilizing and optimizing a vacuum in a vacuum process, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of: - determining a vacuum level; forming a vacuum primarily by means of a suction foot (1); - alternatively forming a vacuum by means of a vacuum pump device (2); and - controlling the formation of the vacuum by a combination of the suction foot (1) and the vacuum pumping device (2) such that the vacuum is adjusted to a predetermined level and the vacuum is formed primarily by the suction foot and the vacuum is . 2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että vakuumitaso määritetään ennen vakuumin muodostusta.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum level is determined before the vacuum is formed. 3. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 tai 2 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että vakuumipumppulaitetta (2) ohjataan säätämällä pyörimisnopeutta.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vacuum pump device (2) is controlled by controlling the rotation speed. 4. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksista 1-3 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että vakuumin muodostusta ohjataan reaaliaikaisesti.Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the formation of the vacuum is controlled in real time. 5. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksista 1-4 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että vakuumin muodostuksen ohjaaminen perustuu nopeaan painemittaukseen ja vakuumipumppulaitteen (2) pyörimisnopeuden nopeaan säätämiseen.Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the control of the vacuum formation is based on a rapid pressure measurement and a rapid adjustment of the rotational speed of the vacuum pump device (2). 6. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksista 1-5 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että vakuumin muodostusta ohjataan mittaamalla vähintään yhtä prosessi- parametria, joka on valittu ryhmästä, joka koostuu energiankulutuksesta, tehontarpeesta, suodatusproses-sin suorituskyvystä ja niiden yhdistelmistä.Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the formation of the vacuum is controlled by measuring at least one process parameter selected from the group consisting of energy consumption, power requirement, filtration process performance and combinations thereof. 7. Laitteisto vakuumin stabiloimiseksi ja optimoimiseksi vakuumiprosessissa, tunnettu siitä, että laitteistoon kuuluu - vähintään yksi imujalka (1) vakuumin muodostamiseksi ensisijaisesti; - vähintään yksi vakuumipumppulaite (2) vakuumin muodostamiseksi toissijaisesti; - vakuumin muodostus on järjestetty imujalan (1) ja vakuumipumppulaitteen (2) avulla; - taajuudenmuuttaja (4) vakuumipumppulaitteen (2) ohjaamiseksi; ja - vähintään yksi ohjauslaite (3) vakuumin muodostuksen ohjaamiseksi imujalan (1) ja vakuumipumppulaitteen (2) kombinaation avulla niin, että va-kuumi säädetään ennalta määrätylle tasolle ja va-kuumi muodostetaan ensisijaisesti imujalan (1) avulla ja vakuumi täydennetään ennalta määrätylle tasolle vakuumipumppulaitteen (2) avulla ja va-kuumipumppulaitetta ohjataan taajuudenmuuttajän (4) avulla.Apparatus for stabilizing and optimizing the vacuum in the vacuum process, characterized in that the apparatus comprises - at least one suction foot (1) for primarily forming the vacuum; - at least one vacuum pumping device (2) for secondary forming the vacuum; - the formation of a vacuum is arranged by means of a suction foot (1) and a vacuum pumping device (2); a frequency converter (4) for controlling the vacuum pump device (2); and - at least one control device (3) for controlling the vacuum formation by a combination of the suction foot (1) and the vacuum pumping device (2), the vacuum being adjusted to a predetermined level and the vacuum being formed primarily by the suction foot (1) (2) and the vacuum pump device is controlled by the frequency converter (4). 8. Patenttivaatimuksen 7 mukainen laitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että laitteistoon kuuluu vähintään yksi pyörimisnopeuden säätölaite.8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the apparatus comprises at least one speed control device. 9. Patenttivaatimuksen 7 tai 8 mukainen laitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että vakuumipumppulaite (2) on valittu ryhmästä, joka koostuu vakuumipumpusta, suurinopeuksisesta vakuumipumpusta ja niiden yhdistelmistä .Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the vacuum pump device (2) is selected from the group consisting of a vacuum pump, a high speed vacuum pump and combinations thereof. 10. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksista 7-9 mukainen laitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että imujalka (1) ja vakuumipumppulaite (2) on yhdistetty käsittelylaitteen (5) kanssa.Apparatus according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the suction foot (1) and the vacuum pumping device (2) are connected to a processing device (5). 11. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksista 7-10 mukainen laitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että ohjauslaite (3) on järjestetty ohjaamaan vakuumin muodostusta reaaliaikaisesti.Device according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the control device (3) is arranged to control the formation of the vacuum in real time. 12. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksista 1-6 mukaisen menetelmän käyttö, tunnettu siitä, että menetelmää käytetään erotusprosessissa.Use of the process according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the process is used in a separation process. 13. Patenttivaatimuksen 12 mukainen käyttö, tunnettu siitä, että menetelmää käytetään suodatu sprosessissa.Use according to claim 12, characterized in that the process is used in a filtration process. 14. Patenttivaatimuksen 12 tai 13 mukainen käyttö, tunnettu siitä, että menetelmää käytetään erotusprosessin ohjaamisessa seuraamalla vakuumipump-pulaitteen energiankulutusta tai tehontarvetta.Use according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the method is used to control the separation process by monitoring the energy consumption or power demand of the vacuum pump device.
FI20145875A 2014-10-06 2014-10-06 A method and apparatus for stabilizing and optimizing a vacuum in a vacuum process FI126207B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20145875A FI126207B (en) 2014-10-06 2014-10-06 A method and apparatus for stabilizing and optimizing a vacuum in a vacuum process
PCT/FI2015/050666 WO2016055698A1 (en) 2014-10-06 2015-10-06 Method and apparatus for stabilizing vacuum and use of the method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20145875A FI126207B (en) 2014-10-06 2014-10-06 A method and apparatus for stabilizing and optimizing a vacuum in a vacuum process

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FI20145875A FI20145875A (en) 2016-04-07
FI126207B true FI126207B (en) 2016-08-15

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US4302297A (en) * 1977-05-24 1981-11-24 Humiston Gerald F Desalination apparatus with power generation
AU2003209666A1 (en) * 2003-02-21 2004-09-09 Abraham Ebenezer Muthunayagam A process, system and design for desalination of sea water

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WO2016055698A1 (en) 2016-04-14

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