FI126140B - Förfarande för att behandla biomassor för utnyttjande - Google Patents
Förfarande för att behandla biomassor för utnyttjande Download PDFInfo
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- FI126140B FI126140B FI20140338A FI20140338A FI126140B FI 126140 B FI126140 B FI 126140B FI 20140338 A FI20140338 A FI 20140338A FI 20140338 A FI20140338 A FI 20140338A FI 126140 B FI126140 B FI 126140B
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- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- biomass
- mixture
- biomasses
- microbial activity
- process according
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 sugar Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012994 industrial processing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PQVHMOLNSYFXIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C(=NN(C=1)CC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O)C(=O)O PQVHMOLNSYFXIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012075 bio-oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015872 dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/40—Treatment of liquids or slurries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/403—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on paper and paper waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/42—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on animal substances or products obtained therefrom, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/442—Wood or forestry waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/48—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on industrial residues and waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P1/00—Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups C12P3/00 - C12P39/00, by using microorganisms or enzymes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Claims (10)
1. Förfarande for att bearbeta biomassor för utnyttjande och särskilt för att bearbeta passiva biomassor tillsammans med aktiva biomassor, kännetecknat av att biomassor med olika kol-, närings- och fuktighetshalt samlas systematiskt för industriell bearbetning, i vilken: åtminstone en passiv och en aktiv biomassa (1,2, 3) blandas ihop och egenskaper av biomassablandningen (7) fatt förbättras vid behov med tillsatser så, att torrsub-stansanhalten är omkring 40 %, C:N-förhållandet är inom området 20 - 35:1, pH är inom området 5,5 - 8 och mängden av för mikrober lättanvändbar kol är tillräcklig för initiering av aerobisk mikrobverksamhet; mikrobverksamheten i biomassablandningen (9, 19) upprätthålls med att reglera luftväxling och bevarande av värme och, då mikrobverksamhet värmer upp biomassan, styrs att flytta sig från mesofilt till termofilt område (ungefärligt 50 - 60 °C) och äntligen till temperaturområdet 60 - 80 °C för att torka blandningen med hjälp av biologiskt utvecklat värme till torrsubstansanhalten 60 - 70 % och för att nedbryta långkedjade kolföreningar till kortkedjade eller bilogiskt lättanvändbar kol inom ungefärligt 1-3 dagar; och biomassablandningen behandlas slutligen i temperaturen mellan 60 och 80 °C huvudsakligen med att reglera luftväxling antingen i samband med granulering eller med att behandla biomassablandningen först till kross eller pelletter.
2. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att i den slutliga behandlingen i temperaturen mellan 60 och 80 °C biomassablandningen torkas i en granuleringstrumma (10, 22) till torrsubstansanhalten 70 - 90 %.
3. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att biomassablandningen pelleteras för den slutliga behandlingen.
4. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att efter blandningen biomassablandningen pressas till bitar (5, 16) för att initiera och upprätthålla mikrobverksamheten i bithö-gen före den slutliga behandlingen (19).
5. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att egenskaper av biomassablandningen förbättras med att tillsätta där hydrolytiska enzymer för att påskynda initieringen av mikrobverksamheten.
6. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att egenskaper av biomassablandningen förbättras med att tillsätta där enzymer, vilka påskyndar nedbrytning av långkedjade kolför-eningar, liksom cellulosa, hemicellulosa och lignin.
7. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att egenskaper av biomassablandningen förbättras med att tillsätta där nitrogen, till exempel urea i pulverform eller i flytande form som vattenlösning.
8. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att egenskaper av biomassablandningen förbättras med att tillsätta där ämne som höjer pH, liksom lut, kalk eller torkad biomassa producerad av avloppsvattenslam vid högt pH.
9. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att egenskaper av biomassablandningen förbättras med att tillsätta där kortkedjade kolföreningar, liksom socker, etanol eller kolför-eninngar nedbrytna med aerobisk mikrobverksamhet.
10. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att biomassan torkad med förfarandet cirkuleras till biomassornas blandningsskede för att uppnå en tillräcklig torrsubstansanhalt.
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